CN105632188A - Ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector and control method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector and a control method thereof. In order to prevent the unnecessary electric energy consumption during the conveying process and the storage process of the wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector, a mercury switch is serially connected between a battery and a circuit board, and when the wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector is not in use, the wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector can be arranged in an inverted manner, and therefore the power off can be realized, and the zero power consumption effect can be realized. An LDO-0 circuit is additionally provided, and power supply voltage of a wireless communication module, power supply voltage of a MCU processing unit, and power supply voltage of a magnetic acquisition module are reduced, and then the working current of the whole wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector can be reduced. During the working of the wireless geomagnetic type vehicle detector, only the MCU processing unit and the wireless communication module are required to work continuously, and the magnetic acquisition module is not required to work constantly, and therefore the LDO-0 circuit is additionally provided, and then the MCU processing unit is used to control the interruptible power supply of the magnetic acquisition module, and the power can be supplied before the magnetic field acquisition, and the power can be cut off after the completion of the magnetic field acquisition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-power-consumption design of a wireless sensor network, in particular to an ultra-low-power-consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector and a control method thereof.
Background
The wireless sensor network is one of new technologies which will make a great change to the life style of human beings, and can be widely applied to the fields of military affairs, medical treatment, environmental monitoring, smart cities and smart homes.
The existing emerging wireless geomagnetic vehicle detection system is one of typical applications of wireless sensor network technology, and solves the problem of complex wiring and high construction difficulty of the traditional ground induction coil vehicle detector. However, the service life becomes one of the key limiting factors because a primary lithium battery is adopted for power supply.
The block diagram of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is shown in fig. 1, and two methods are mainly adopted to meet the requirement of service life: 1. the volume is increased, and a large-capacity lithium battery is used; 2. the wireless transmission power is reduced.
By adopting the method 1, the vehicle detector is huge in size, inconvenient to install and maintain, serious in damage to the road surface and inconvenient to popularize and use in a large area; the method 2 is adopted, the purpose of reducing power consumption is achieved at the cost of sacrificing wireless communication distance and quality, the requirements on direction and angle are high during installation, more signal repeaters need to be installed, the installation and debugging difficulty and cost are increased by the method, and in the actual use process, a proper position is often difficult to find and install the signal repeaters.
In view of this, research on ultra-low power consumption control methods for wireless geomagnetic vehicle detectors is a necessary and urgent research.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector and a control method thereof, according to the actual working state and data content of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector, not only is the hardware of the ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector improved, but also the network state, the working state and the working mode of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector are divided, so that the power consumption of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is greatly reduced.
1. An ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector comprises a wireless communication module, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) processing unit, a magnetic acquisition module and a primary lithium battery for supplying power to the three modules; the wireless communication module, the MCU processing unit and the magnetic acquisition module realize information interaction; the method is characterized in that: the output end of the primary lithium battery is provided with a mercury switch capable of realizing power on/off, the output end of the mercury switch is connected with a low dropout linear voltage regulator (LDO-0), and the current is reduced and then directly acts on the wireless communication module and the MCU processing unit; a low dropout linear voltage regulator (LDO-1) capable of realizing on/off control is connected in series between the magnetic acquisition module and the circuit LDO-0;
the LDO-1 is composed of a PMOS tube SI2302, an NMOS tube SI2301, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1; the power supply enabling output end ENA of the MCU processing unit is connected with the grid electrode of the SI2302 through a resistor R1 and is used for sending a power supply enabling instruction to the low dropout linear voltage regulator LDO-1; the power supply enabling output end ENA of the MCU processing unit is also grounded through a resistor R2; the source of the SI2302 is grounded, and the drain of the SI2302 is connected with the gate of the SI 2301; the drain electrode of the SI2301 is connected with the power supply end of the magnetic acquisition module to supply power to the magnetic acquisition module; the source electrode of the SI2301 is connected with a voltage output end VCC of the LDO-0 circuit; the source and the gate of the SI2301 are connected through a resistor R3, and the voltage output VCC of the LDO-0 circuit is also connected to ground through a capacitor C1.
2. The ultra-low power wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector, according to claim 1, wherein the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector has a power consumption of 80 microamperes.
3. The control method of the ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is characterized by comprising the steps of dividing the control method into a network access mode and a network drop mode; under the network access mode, the system is divided into a normal working state, a debugging working state, a high-frequency working mode and a low-frequency working mode; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when not in use, the antenna of the wireless communication module in the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is placed downwards;
when the detector is ready to operate: the detector is placed right; after the vehicle detector is powered on, a network access request is sent to the parent node at regular time through the wireless communication module, and the parent node is in a network disconnection mode before the network is unsuccessfully organized; once the network access is successful, entering a network access mode and awakening the MCU; after the vehicle is connected to the network, the wireless communication module detects in real time, and enters a network disconnection mode once the vehicle detector is found to be disconnected;
the MCU processing unit is in a normal working state under an initial state: at the moment, the MCU processing unit sends a power supply enabling instruction to the LDO-1 circuit according to the acquisition frequency, the LDO-1 circuit is conducted, so that the voltage output from the LDO-0 circuit supplies power to the magnetic acquisition module, the magnetic acquisition module is controlled to acquire the voltage, and the acquired magnetic field data are sent to the MCU processing unit for judgment; in the acquisition process, for the first acquisition, the MCU processing unit analyzes the magnetic field data to obtain the current vehicle state information and sends the current vehicle state information to the mother node through the wireless communication module; for non-primary collection, the MCU processing unit analyzes the magnetic field data collected this time to obtain current vehicle state information, judges whether the current vehicle state information is changed with the vehicle state obtained last time, and continues to collect the current vehicle state information according to the collection frequency after sending the current vehicle state information to the mother node through the wireless communication module once the current vehicle state information is changed;
once the MCU processing unit receives a debugging instruction sent by the mother node, the MCU processing unit is switched to a debugging working state to work: the MCU processing unit sends a power supply enabling instruction to the LDO-1 circuit according to the acquisition frequency, so that the voltage output from the LDO-0 circuit supplies power to the magnetic acquisition module, and the magnetic acquisition module is controlled to acquire the voltage; the collected information is sent to the parent node through the wireless communication module;
no matter the MCU processing unit is in a normal working state or a debugging working state, as long as the data content acquired by the magnetic acquisition module in a set time, namely the current parking stall state is not changed, the MCU processing unit starts a low-frequency working mode; once the current parking space state is changed, a high-frequency working mode is immediately started; after the high-frequency working mode is entered, if the data content acquired by the magnetic acquisition module shows that the current parking space state is not changed within the set time, the MCU processing unit returns to the low-frequency working mode.
4. The control method of claim 3, wherein the low frequency operating mode has a pickup frequency of 10 Hz; the acquisition frequency of the high-frequency working mode is 50 Hz.
5. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the MCU processing unit, while in a debug mode of operation: the information collected by the magnetic collection module comprises current magnetic field data of each shaft, background magnetic field data of each shaft, the serial number of a vehicle detector, vehicle state information, program running state, wireless signal quality and battery voltage information.
6. The control method of the ultra-low power wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector, according to claim 3, wherein the power consumption of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is 80 μ a.
Has the advantages that:
1. in order to avoid that the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector consumes electric energy in the transportation and storage processes, the mercury switch is connected between the battery and the circuit board in series, so that when the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is not used, the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is inverted, the power failure can be realized, and the effect of zero power consumption is realized. In addition, the LDO-0 circuit is added, so that the power supply voltage of the wireless communication module, the MCU processing unit and the magnetic acquisition module is reduced, and the working current of the whole wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is reduced; in addition, because wireless earth magnetism formula vehicle detector is at the during operation, only MCU processing unit and wireless communication module must last work, and magnetism collection module need not work all the time, so add LDO-1 circuit, through MCU processing unit control magnetism collection module intermittent type power supply, supply power before magnetic field collection, outage after magnetic field collection finishes.
2. According to the invention, the network state, the working state and the working mode of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector are divided according to the actual working state of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector and the data content to be transmitted, so that the power consumption of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a known wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector of the present invention; .
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of LDO-1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector and a control method thereof, and the invention improves the prior device, and concretely comprises the following steps: the output end of the primary lithium battery is provided with a mercury switch capable of realizing power on/off; the mercury switch is connected with a low dropout linear voltage regulator circuit (LDO-0 circuit) and used for converting 3.6V voltage output by the primary lithium battery into 3V voltage to supply power to the MCU processing unit, the wireless communication module and the magnetic acquisition module; because wireless earth magnetism formula vehicle detector is at the during operation, only MCU processing unit and wireless communication module continue to work, and magnetism collection module need not continue to work, so accessible MCU processing unit control magnetism collection module is interrupted the power supply, supplies power before the collection of magnetic field collection module, and the outage after the collection of magnetic field collection module. Thus, the energy consumption of the magnetic acquisition module is zero when the magnetic acquisition module does not work. Therefore, a circuit LDO-1 capable of realizing on/off control is connected in series between the magnetic acquisition module and the circuit LDO-0; an MSP430 series ultra-low power consumption single chip microcomputer is selected as an MCU processing unit in the MCU processing unit, and a 32K low clock is selected as an external clock in the MCU processing unit.
As shown in FIG. 3, the LDO-1 is composed of a PMOS tube SI2302, an NMOS tube SI2301, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1; the power supply enabling output end ENA of the MCU processing unit is connected with the grid electrode of the SI2302 through a resistor R1 and is used for sending a power supply enabling instruction to the low dropout linear voltage regulator LDO-1; the power supply enabling output end ENA of the MCU processing unit is also grounded through a resistor R2; the source of the SI2302 is grounded, and the drain of the SI2302 is connected with the gate of the SI 2301; the drain electrode of the SI2301 is connected with the power supply end of the magnetic acquisition module to supply power to the magnetic acquisition module; the source electrode of the SI2301 is connected with a voltage output end VCC of the LDO-0 circuit; the source and the gate of the SI2301 are connected through a resistor R3, and the voltage output VCC of the LDO-0 circuit is also connected to ground through a capacitor C1.
The power consumption of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is 80 microamperes.
Based on the device, the working modes of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector are divided into the following categories:
1. a network access mode and a network drop mode; the geomagnetic vehicle detector only works in a network access condition to make sense; therefore, the invention designs a network access mode and a network drop mode; and after the vehicle detector is powered on, the vehicle detector starts to request networking, and before the networking is not successful, the vehicle detector is in a disconnected network mode. In the mode, the MCU processing unit is in deep dormancy, and the magnetic acquisition module is always not powered on and does not work, so that the power consumption is greatly saved. Meanwhile, the wireless communication module of the vehicle detector can regularly request the parent node for network access until the network access is successful, and then the vehicle detector enters a network access mode. After the vehicle is connected to the network, the wireless communication module detects the vehicle in real time, and once the vehicle detector is found to be disconnected, the vehicle detector also enters a network disconnection mode.
2, normal working state and debugging working state: after the network is accessed, the network can be divided into a normal working state and a debugging working state according to the requirements of a user; wherein,
the normal working state is as follows: the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector sends data to the parent node through the wireless communication module only when detecting that the current vehicle state changes. And the data sent at the moment only contain the vehicle state information, the information output quantity is small, and the power consumption is low.
The debugging working state is as follows: when magnetic field data analysis, threshold modification or information query operation is required, the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector needs to output current magnetic field data of each shaft, background magnetic field data of each shaft, serial numbers of the vehicle detector, vehicle state information, program running states, network LQI and battery voltage information in real time, and the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is large in information amount and high in power consumption.
The setting of the normal operating state and the debugging of the operating state have the advantages that: because the information quantity sent in the debugging working state is large, the working current of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is large, and the current in the normal working state is small; if the debugging function is to be realized, the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector can only be in a large data transmission state all the time; this results in higher power consumption, and the time in the commissioning operation is almost negligible during the entire life of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector. Therefore, by setting two working states of debugging and normal, the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector can exchange small data volume in most of time; the commissioning mode is only entered if an analysis of the magnetic field data, a modification of the threshold values or an information query is required. Therefore, the low power consumption is met, and necessary data analysis, threshold value modification and information query operation can be performed.
3. High-frequency mode of operation and low-frequency mode of operation: whether in the debugging working state or the normal working state, the following two conditions can occur: the current vehicle state (i.e., the state with or without the presence of a vehicle) changes/does not change for a period of time; if the current vehicle state does not change within a period of time, the power consumption can be further reduced by reducing the acquisition frequency of the magnetic acquisition module; once the change occurs, the high-frequency working mode is immediately entered, and high-frequency reacquisition confirmation is carried out; and if the current vehicle state is not changed in a period of time in the high-frequency working mode, the low-frequency working mode can be restored.
The setting of the high-frequency operation mode and the low-frequency operation mode has the advantages that: the accuracy that vehicle detected can be improved to the magnetic field data acquisition of high frequency, but the consumption also can increase in proportion, and the magnetic field data acquisition of low frequency can reduce the consumption, but vehicle detection's accuracy also can reduce, adopts the mode that high low frequency switches, has both guaranteed vehicle detection's accuracy, again greatly reduced the consumption.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the detector is de-energized because the mercury switch is inverted and the switch opens the circuit; therefore, when the detector is not used, the detector is inverted, namely, the antenna of the wireless communication module in the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is placed downwards;
when the detector is ready to operate:
placing the detector right:
at the moment, 3.6V direct current output by the primary lithium battery passes through the LDO-0 circuit and is converted into 3V direct current to supply power for all circuits connected with the LDO-0 circuit; in the prior art, the LDO-0 circuit is added because: the working voltage of the chip is not a fixed value and can work within a certain range, and the maximum lower limit value of the working voltage of each part of the circuit of the vehicle detector is 2.7V; generally speaking, the lower the working voltage of the chip, the smaller the consumed current, and the lower the working frequency, the smaller the consumed current; therefore, the invention adopts the LDO-0 circuit to convert the 3.6V direct current voltage output by the primary lithium battery into 3V direct current to supply power for the circuit connected with the LDO-0.
The vehicle detector enters a network disconnection mode when being powered on, at the moment, the MCU processing unit is in a deep sleep state, and the magnetic acquisition module does not supply power;
the vehicle detector sends a network access request to the parent node at regular time through the wireless communication module after being electrified, and once the parent node agrees to access the network, the vehicle detector enters a network access mode at the moment; the wireless communication module stops sending the network access request instruction and wakes up the MCU processing unit to start working;
the MCU processing unit is in a normal working state under an initial state: at the moment, the MCU processing unit sends a power supply enabling instruction to the LDO-1 circuit according to the acquisition frequency, the LDO-1 circuit is conducted, the 3V voltage output from the LDO-0 circuit supplies power to the magnetic acquisition module, the magnetic acquisition module is controlled to acquire, and the acquired magnetic field data are sent to the MCU processing unit to be judged. In the acquisition process, for the first acquisition, the MCU processing unit analyzes the magnetic field data to obtain the current vehicle state information and sends the current vehicle state information to the mother node through the wireless communication module; for non-primary collection, the MCU processing unit analyzes the magnetic field data collected this time to obtain current vehicle state information, judges whether the current vehicle state information is changed with the vehicle state obtained last time, and continues to collect the current vehicle state information according to the collection frequency after sending the current vehicle state information to the mother node through the wireless communication module once the current vehicle state information is changed;
once the MCU processing unit receives a debugging instruction sent by the mother node, the MCU processing unit is switched to a debugging working state to work: and the MCU processing unit sends a power supply enabling instruction to the LDO-1 circuit according to the acquisition frequency and controls the magnetic acquisition module to acquire. All the collected information is sent to the parent node through the wireless communication module; the all information comprises current magnetic field data of each shaft, background magnetic field data of each shaft, vehicle detector numbers, vehicle state information, program running states, wireless signal quality and battery voltage information.
No matter the MCU processing unit is in a normal working state or a debugging working state, as long as the vehicle state obtained within a certain time is not changed, the MCU processing unit starts a low-frequency working mode to reduce the acquisition frequency of the magnetic acquisition module, and generally, the acquisition frequency of the low-frequency mode is set to be 10 HZ; once the current vehicle state is changed, the high-frequency working mode is immediately started, the acquisition frequency of the magnetic acquisition module is increased, and generally, the acquisition frequency of the high-frequency mode is set to be 50 HZ; and after the vehicle enters the high-frequency working mode, if the vehicle state is not changed within a certain time, the MCU returns to the low-frequency working mode.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector comprises a wireless communication module, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) processing unit, a magnetic acquisition module and a primary lithium battery for supplying power to the three modules; the wireless communication module, the MCU processing unit and the magnetic acquisition module realize information interaction; the method is characterized in that: the output end of the primary lithium battery is provided with a mercury switch capable of realizing power on/off, the output end of the mercury switch is connected with a low dropout linear voltage regulator (LDO-0), and the current is reduced and then directly acts on the wireless communication module and the MCU processing unit; a low dropout linear voltage regulator (LDO-1) capable of realizing on/off control is connected in series between the magnetic acquisition module and the circuit LDO-0;
the LDO-1 is composed of a PMOS tube SI2302, an NMOS tube SI2301, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1; the power supply enabling output end ENA of the MCU processing unit is connected with the grid electrode of the SI2302 through a resistor R1 and is used for sending a power supply enabling instruction to the low dropout linear voltage regulator LDO-1; the power supply enabling output end ENA of the MCU processing unit is also grounded through a resistor R2; the source of the SI2302 is grounded, and the drain of the SI2302 is connected with the gate of the SI 2301; the drain electrode of the SI2301 is connected with the power supply end of the magnetic acquisition module to supply power to the magnetic acquisition module; the source electrode of the SI2301 is connected with a voltage output end VCC of the LDO-0 circuit; the source and the gate of the SI2301 are connected through a resistor R3, and the voltage output VCC of the LDO-0 circuit is also connected to ground through a capacitor C1.
2. The ultra-low power wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector, according to claim 1, wherein the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector has a power consumption of 80 microamperes.
3. The control method of the ultra-low power consumption wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is characterized by comprising the steps of dividing the control method into a network access mode and a network drop mode; under the network access mode, the system is divided into a normal working state, a debugging working state, a high-frequency working mode and a low-frequency working mode; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when not in use, the antenna of the wireless communication module in the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is placed downwards;
when the detector is ready to operate: the detector is placed right; after the vehicle detector is powered on, a network access request is sent to the parent node at regular time through the wireless communication module, and the parent node is in a network disconnection mode before the network is unsuccessfully organized; once the network access is successful, entering a network access mode and awakening the MCU; after the vehicle is connected to the network, the wireless communication module detects in real time, and enters a network disconnection mode once the vehicle detector is found to be disconnected;
the MCU processing unit is in a normal working state under an initial state: at the moment, the MCU processing unit sends a power supply enabling instruction to the LDO-1 circuit according to the acquisition frequency, the LDO-1 circuit is conducted, so that the voltage output from the LDO-0 circuit supplies power to the magnetic acquisition module, the magnetic acquisition module is controlled to acquire the voltage, and the acquired magnetic field data are sent to the MCU processing unit for judgment; in the acquisition process, for the first acquisition, the MCU processing unit analyzes the magnetic field data to obtain the current vehicle state information and sends the current vehicle state information to the mother node through the wireless communication module; for non-primary collection, the MCU processing unit analyzes the magnetic field data collected this time to obtain current vehicle state information, judges whether the current vehicle state information is changed with the vehicle state obtained last time, and continues to collect the current vehicle state information according to the collection frequency after sending the current vehicle state information to the mother node through the wireless communication module once the current vehicle state information is changed;
once the MCU processing unit receives a debugging instruction sent by the mother node, the MCU processing unit is switched to a debugging working state to work: the MCU processing unit sends a power supply enabling instruction to the LDO-1 circuit according to the acquisition frequency, so that the voltage output from the LDO-0 circuit supplies power to the magnetic acquisition module, and the magnetic acquisition module is controlled to acquire the voltage; the collected information is sent to the parent node through the wireless communication module;
no matter the MCU processing unit is in a normal working state or a debugging working state, as long as the data content acquired by the magnetic acquisition module in a set time, namely the current parking stall state is not changed, the MCU processing unit starts a low-frequency working mode; once the current parking space state is changed, a high-frequency working mode is immediately started; after the high-frequency working mode is entered, if the data content acquired by the magnetic acquisition module shows that the current parking space state is not changed within the set time, the MCU processing unit returns to the low-frequency working mode.
4. The control method of claim 3, wherein the low frequency operating mode has a pickup frequency of 10 Hz; the acquisition frequency of the high-frequency working mode is 50 Hz.
5. The control method according to claim 3, wherein the MCU processing unit, while in a debug mode of operation: the information collected by the magnetic collection module comprises current magnetic field data of each shaft, background magnetic field data of each shaft, the serial number of a vehicle detector, vehicle state information, program running state, wireless signal quality and battery voltage information.
6. The control method of the ultra-low power wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector, according to claim 3, wherein the power consumption of the wireless geomagnetic vehicle detector is 80 μ a.
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| CN108230729A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-29 | 正文科技股份有限公司 | Parking stall sensing device |
| CN109841066A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Processing method, geomagnetism detecting device, electronic equipment and the storage medium of economize on electricity |
| CN110223523A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市智行能源技术有限公司 | The detector of magnetic vehicle with low power and its dormancy awakening method based on lora technology |
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| CN105632188B (en) | 2018-02-16 |
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