CN105631763A - Underground water type drinking water source protection area division method - Google Patents
Underground water type drinking water source protection area division method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an underground water type drinking water source protection area division method. Screening of the water source protection area division method can be performed according to the determined protection area division index so that selection of the protection area division method is enabled to be more targeted. The method comprises the steps that parameter indicators influencing water source protection area division are determined; areas under division are acquired, and the weight value of each parameter indicator and the corresponding score are determined according to the areas under division; the protection area division index is determined according to the determined weight value of each parameter indicator and the corresponding score; and the protection area range of the areas under division is determined according to a preset corresponding relation of the category of the protection area division index and the protection area division method. The underground water type drinking water source protection area division method is suitable for the technical field of environmental science and environmental risk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental science and environmental risk technical field, refer to a kind of underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method especially.
Background technology
State Environmental Protection Administration promulgated " drinking water source division of protection zones technical specifications " on January 9th, 2007; it is called for short " specification "; the centralized water supply waterhead area that " specification " requires China all should set up water conservation district; and describe the division principle of protective belt, method and requirement according to different Type of Water Sources (such as pore water, fissure water and karst water, piestic water and diving etc.), waterhead area scale (large-scale, medium-sized, small-sized). The boundary line of I and II groundwater sources protective belt is formally located 100 and flow process isopleth on the 1000th by " specification ". As China's first technical specifications about groundwater source field division of protection zones, it make China start to reach in the work of groundwater source field division of protection zones there are laws to abide by, have according to can with preliminary specification phase.
" specification " is although providing Guidelines and the instruction of groundwater sources division of protection zones, but still there are some shortcomings, such as, waterhead area classification is too simple, economy, convenience and operability are considered not enough, method of instruction may not be applicable to corresponding waterhead area classification etc., simultaneously " specification " although in propose the suggestion of division of protection zones method choice of corresponding waterhead area classification, but it is limited to the limitation existing for waterhead area classification, such as, waterhead area classification is detailed not, only consider that the impact of division of protection zones be have ignored Fu Cun place, waterbearing stratum by anaerobic condition, the factors such as local hydrogeological information degree of perfection, the division of protection zones method introduced so on this basis and recommend just seems too wide in range, not there is universality.
Therefore; need to classify at region clearly to be divided waterhead area; and local actual hydrogeological conditions and various information are carried out on the basis of fully understanding; determine the division of protection zones method of applicable region to be divided practical situation; so just can be more targeted compared with the method introduced in " specification ", it is more suitable for practical situation and the division of protection zones demand of local waterhead area.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, too wide in range to solve the classification of the waterhead area existing for prior art and division of protection zones method, does not have the problem of universality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, comprising:
Determine to affect the parameter index of wellhead protection zone division;
Obtain region to be divided, according to described region to be divided, it is determined that the weighted value of each parameter index and the scoring of correspondence;
Weighted value according to each parameter index determined and the scoring of correspondence, it is determined that division of protection zones index;
According to the corresponding relation of default division of protection zones index classification and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided.
Further, described parameter index comprises: complicated hydrogeological conditions, waterhead area exploitation scale, and anaerobic condition type, waterhead area Pollution risk, composes and deposit place, accuracy requirement and state of the art and recovery well distribution density.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that also comprise after the scope of conservation area in region to be divided;
Other according to the waterhead area subclass belonging to region to be divided, the scope of conservation area in the region to be divided determined is adjusted;
Wherein, waterhead area subclass is not the combination again to waterhead area first-level class result.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to default first kind division index, then according to the anaerobic condition type in region to be divided, it is determined that the protective belt radius in region to be divided.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 2nd default class division index, then determining the protective belt radius in region to be divided according to the first formula, described first formula is:
In formula, R is protective belt radius, and �� is safety coefficient, and K is AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, and I is the average hydraulic gradient within the scope of underground landing funnel, and T is pollutant level transition time, and n is net porosity.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 3rd default class division index, then determining protective belt radius according to the 2nd formula, described 2nd formula is:
In formula, Q is pumping rate, and t is the migration time standard of protective belt at different levels, and n is waterbearing stratum porosity, and H is pumped well chimney filter length, and r is the protective belt radius of corresponding time t.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 4th default class division index, then determining the protective belt radius in region to be divided according to the 3rd formula, described 3rd formula is:
In formula, Q is pumping rate, and t is the migration time standard of protective belt at different levels, and n is waterbearing stratum porosity, and b is pumped well chimney filter length, q1For vertical infiltration or region supply rate, RtFor the protective belt radius of corresponding time t.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 4th default class division index; and when there is the piestic water seedbed of more stream, the diving waterhead area of regional supply or there is the confined aquifer of fixed inclination in curves in region to be divided, it is determined that the formula of waterhead area landing funnel scope:
In formula, xlimitFor landing funnel water supply well downstream side to maximum extension distance, ylimitFor landing funnel water supply well party upstream to maximum width, Q is the rate of drawing water, and K is horizontal direction permeability coefficient, and b is pumped well chimney filter length, and i is the waterbearing stratum gradient in region;
Pass through xlimitDetermine scope of conservation area downstream boundary;
Determining scope of conservation area upstream boundary by the 4th formula, described 4th formula is:
D=t v
In formula, v=KI/n, v are average groundwater velocity, and K is horizontal direction permeability coefficient, and I is average hydraulic gradient, and n is porosity, and d is upstream boundary scope, and t is migration time standard.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 5th default class division index, then treat the hydrogeological conditions dividing region to analyze, determine to treat the parameter dividing region Groundwater Flow and playing a decisive role, set up the physical model in region to be divided according to described parameter;
Based on described physical model, set up the mathematical relation of underground water motion rule, and according to the original state in region to be divided and final condition, described mathematical relation is solved the ground water field obtaining region to be divided or the distribution of water level drawdown;
Distribute based on described ground water field or water level drawdown, and Bound moisture particle migration time standard determines the scope of conservation areas at different levels in region to be divided.
Further, described basis is preset division of protection zones index classification and the corresponding relation of division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 6th default class division index, then treat the hydrogeological conditions dividing region and generally change, set up the numerical model in region to be divided;
Obtain the groundwater regime information in region to be divided;
Input, the output parameter of described numerical model is identified, and described numerical model is carried out adjusting ginseng and matching by the groundwater regime information according to the region to be divided got;
If described fitting result is in default limit of error, then by adjusting the described numerical model after joining to determine the groundwater flow field distribution in region to be divided;
Based on described groundwater flow field distribution, Bound moisture particle migration time standard carries out spike forward or backwards, it is determined that region to be divided scope of conservation area at different levels.
The useful effect of the technique scheme of the present invention is as follows:
In such scheme, by to waterhead area complicated hydrogeological conditions, waterhead area exploitation scale, anaerobic condition type, waterhead area Pollution risk, place is deposited in tax, accuracy requirement and the parameter index such as state of the art and recovery well distribution density carry out index analysis, determine the weighted value of each parameter index and the scoring of correspondence, so that it is determined that division of protection zones index, again according to the division of protection zones index screening wellhead protection zone dividing mode determined, make division of protection zones way choice more targeted, finally, other according to the waterhead area subclass belonging to region to be divided again, the scope of conservation area in the region to be divided determined is adjusted, further, improve the precision of scope of conservation area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The method flow diagram one of the underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The method flow diagram two of the underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, it is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The present invention is directed to the classification of existing waterhead area too simple, division of protection zones method is too wide in range, does not have the problem of universality, it is provided that a kind of underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method.
Embodiment for a better understanding of the present invention, is not first described waterhead area subclass:
" specification " only lists and compares common waterhead area classification, it does not have refinement Type of Water Source further. In the embodiment of the present invention, deposit place different angles from anaerobic condition type, Groundwater buried depth condition, mining of groundwater scale, pumped well distribution density and underground water tax and groundwater source field is carried out first-level class, concrete:
Different according to anaerobic condition type, groundwater source field is divided into pore water, fissure water and karst water waterhead area;
Different according to underground water mode of occurence, groundwater source field is divided into submerged type and pressure-bearing type waterhead area;
Different according to mining of groundwater scale, groundwater source field is divided into miniature water seedbed, medium-sized waterhead area and large-scale waterhead area;
Different according to pumped well distribution density, groundwater source field is divided into distributing and centralized groundwater source field;
Compose according to underground water and deposit place difference, groundwater source field is divided into plains region waterhead area, the area waterhead area that is close to river, piedmont alluvial-pluvial fan region of intake waterhead area, underground water overflow band waterhead area and coastland waterhead area.
Then, above-mentioned first-level class result is combined again, 180 kinds of groundwater source field subtypes can be divided out, comprise: Minitype flat foramen primum gap submerged type waterhead area, the former porous confined groundwater type waterhead area of Minitype flat, small-sized it is close to river pore ground water type waterhead area, large-scale piedmont alluvial-pluvial fan pore ground water type waterhead area, large-scale it is close to river pore water submerged type waterhead area etc. This waterhead area subtype can describe the feature of groundwater source field in detail; it is close to river pore water submerged type waterhead area for large-scale; this waterhead area tax water-holding quantity can be reflected big; supply source is based on river; anaerobic condition is pore media; bury of groundwater is more shallow; compared with the classification mentioned in " specification "; the waterhead area subtype that the embodiment of the present invention draws; more can react actual waterhead area situation; after groundwater source field is carried out detailed classification, it is possible to do not go for each waterhead area subclass to carry out corresponding division of protection zones work.
Embodiment one
Shown in Fig. 1, a kind of underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising:
S1: the parameter index determining to affect wellhead protection zone division;
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is determined that affect wellhead protection zone divide parameter index comprise: complicated hydrogeological conditions, waterhead area exploitation scale; anaerobic condition type; waterhead area Pollution risk, composes and deposits place, accuracy requirement and state of the art and recovery well distribution density.
S2: obtain region to be divided, according to described region to be divided, it is determined that the weighted value of each parameter index and the scoring of correspondence;
In the embodiment of the present invention; each parameter index comprises: the scoring three part composition that weight, section information and each section are corresponding; the weight of each parameter index determines according to the influence size of this parameter index at division of protection zones way selection; such as; the value assuming parameter index is 1��5; the most important parameter index gets 5, the most not important parameter index get 1. The corresponding multiple different section of each parameter index, the corresponding scoring of each section. Treat division region to analyze, it is determined that the weighted value of each parameter index and the scoring of correspondence are as shown in table 1:
The weighted value of table 1 parameter index and the scoring of correspondence
| Parameter index | Weight | Scoring |
| Complicated hydrogeological conditions | 5 | 5 |
| Exploitation scale | 3 | 3 |
| Anaerobic condition | 4 | 1 |
| Pollution risk | 5 | 5 |
| Place is deposited in tax | 3 | 4 |
| Accuracy requirement and state of the art | 1 | 3 |
| Recovery well distribution density | 2 | 5 |
S3: according to the scoring of the weighted value of each parameter index determined and correspondence, it is determined that division of protection zones index;
In the embodiment of the present invention, scoring corresponding with it for the weighted value of each parameter index is multiplied, obtains the desired value of each parameter index; Again the desired value of each parameter index is added up, namely obtains division of protection zones index by formula (1):
In formula, S represents division of protection zones index, WjRepresent the weight of jth parameter index, RjRepresent the scoring of jth parameter index. Division of protection zones index is more big more is partial to complicated dividing mode, and various condition is required the highest by it, and accuracy is also the highest, otherwise is then simple division methods, requires low to various condition, and accuracy is also low.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the division of protection zones index obtaining region to be divided according to formula (1) is 88, described division of protection zones index, for determining the division of protection zones mode in applicable region to be divided.
S4: according to the corresponding relation of default division of protection zones index classification and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided.
In the embodiment of the present invention, division of protection zones index classification comprises: first kind division index, the 2nd class division index, the 3rd class division index, the 4th class division index, the 5th class division index and the 6th class division index; Wherein, division of protection zones index corresponding in first kind division index, the 2nd class division index, the 3rd class division index, the 4th class division index, the 5th class division index, the 6th class division index becomes increase tendency, as shown in table 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention; if the division of protection zones index in the region to be divided obtained is 88; according to table 2; can determine that the division of protection zones index in region to be divided belongs to the 6th class division index; then corresponding according to the 6th class division index division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided.
The division of protection zones index that table 2 division of protection zones index classification is corresponding with it
Then, the division of protection zones mode that each division of protection zones index classification is corresponding is described in detail:
In the embodiment of the present invention; if when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to default first kind division index; then according to the anaerobic condition type in region to be divided; determine the protective belt radius in region to be divided; then centered by well head, circle is drawn, using circle inner compartment as wellhead protection zone scope. When determining protective belt radius, the method does not consider the factor such as waterhead area feature, pumping rate, waterbearing stratum thickness, and main foundation waterhead area anaerobic condition type and practical experience determine protective belt radius. Such as, for middle-size and small-size pore ground water type waterhead area in " specification ", wellhead protection zone take R as the border circular areas of radius, and radius R value is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 middle-size and small-size pore water submerged type wellhead protection zone radius R
| Media type | First class of protection district radius R/m | Second protection zone radius R/m |
| Fine sand | 30��50 | 300��500 |
| Middle sand | 50��100 | 500��1000 |
| Coarse sand | 100��200 | 1000��2000 |
| Gravel | 200��500 | 2000��5000 |
| Cobble | 500��1000 | 5000��10000 |
Practical experience is relied on to determine protective belt radius; it it is a kind of simple applications of the standard of adjusting the distance; Financial cost is the cheapest and only needs little technical experience just can complete a large amount of water supply well division of protection zones within the short period of time, and if selecting enough big criterion distance just can make up the precision deficiency caused because ignoring hydrogeological conditions. The method is suitable for geologic condition single small-sized distributing/centralized diving waterhead area etc.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 2nd default class division index, then determining the protective belt radius in region to be divided according to the first formula, described first formula is:
In formula, R is protective belt radius, and �� is safety coefficient; generally getting 150%, K is AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, and I is the average hydraulic gradient within the scope of underground landing funnel; T is pollutant level transition time (getting 100 days and 1000 days respectively), and n is net porosity.
First formula is applicable to the calculating for obtaining middle-size and small-size wellhead protection zone radius, such as, and middle-size and small-size pore ground water type waterhead area or middle-size and small-size pressure-bearing porosity waterhead area.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 3rd default class division index, then determining protective belt radius according to the 2nd formula, described 2nd formula is:
In formula, Q is pumping rate, and t is the migration time standard (getting 100 days and 1000 days respectively) of protective belt at different levels, and n is waterbearing stratum porosity, and H is pumped well chimney filter length, and r is the protective belt radius of corresponding time t.
The ultimate principle of the 2nd formula supposes that protective belt is cylindrical, according to flowing into and extract out the principle that the water yield observes the mass conservation in pumped well, in conjunction with pumped well chimney filter length, calculates protective belt cross section radius. The 2nd the most applicable nothing of formula more flows the calculating of the pressure-bearing type wellhead protection zone radius occurred.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 4th default class division index, then determining the protective belt radius in region to be divided according to the 3rd formula, described 3rd formula is:
In formula, Q is pumping rate, and t is the migration time standard (getting 100 days and 1000 days respectively) of protective belt at different levels, and n is waterbearing stratum porosity, and b is pumped well chimney filter length, q1For vertical infiltration or region supply rate, RtFor the protective belt radius of corresponding time t.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 4th default class division index, and there is the piestic water seedbed of more stream in region to be divided, when the regional diving waterhead area fed or the confined aquifer with fixed inclination in curves, such as, when gradient residing for the waterhead area of region to be divided is greater than 0.05%, this kind have obvious obliquity and obliquity at the regional level in when remaining unchanged, protective belt within the scope of its waterbearing stratum will offset in irregular ellipse and to upstream, degrees of offset depends on the size of waterbearing stratum obliquity, then first, determine the formula of waterhead area landing funnel scope:
In formula, xlimitFor landing funnel water supply well downstream side to maximum extension distance, ylimitFor landing funnel water supply well party upstream to maximum width, Q is the rate of drawing water, and K is horizontal direction permeability coefficient, and b is pumped well chimney filter length, and i is the waterbearing stratum gradient in region;
Pass through xlimitDetermine scope of conservation area downstream boundary;
Determining scope of conservation area upstream boundary by the 4th formula, described 4th formula is:
D=t v
In formula, v=KI/n, v are average groundwater velocity, and K is horizontal direction permeability coefficient, and I is average hydraulic gradient, and n is porosity, and d is upstream boundary scope, and t is migration time standard.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 5th default class division index, then treat the hydrogeological conditions dividing region to analyze, determine to treat the parameter dividing region Groundwater Flow and playing a decisive role, set up the physical model in region to be divided according to described parameter;
Based on described physical model, set up the mathematical relation of underground water motion rule, and according to the original state in region to be divided and final condition, described mathematical relation is solved the ground water field obtaining region to be divided or the distribution of water level drawdown;
Distribute based on described ground water field or water level drawdown, and Bound moisture particle migration time standard determines the scope of conservation areas at different levels in region to be divided.
In the embodiment of the present invention; division of protection zones mode corresponding to the 5th class division index can referred to as analytical model algorithm; use the method to divide protective belt, first need to set up analytic model to calculate groundwater flow field distribution, then complete division of protection zones according to water quality point migration time standard. Concrete steps are as follows:
1) region hydrogeology condition to be divided is obtained, fully understand natural condition in region to be divided, comprise: the hydrology, geology, landforms, underground water mend footpath row mode and final condition, waterbearing stratum expanded range and shape etc., especially waterhead area original state and final condition, analyze factor Groundwater Flow played a decisive role, ignore unrelated with division of protection zones or affect little factor, determine protective belt calculation result is affected obvious factor, geologic condition is carried out rationally generalization, sets up the physical model in region to be divided;
2) from described physical model, set up the mathematical relation of underground water motion rule, obtain one group of partial differential equation or integral equation;
3) adopt these partial differential equation of Analytic Method or integral equation, obtain head or the analytical expression of water level drawdown according to starting condition and final condition, then determine ground water field or the distribution of water level drawdown;
4) on the basis that ground water field or water level drawdown distribute, Bound moisture particle migration time standard determines the protective belts at different levels in region to be divided.
Carry out division of protection zones by method of analysis, it is necessary to information more than front 4 kinds of division of protection zones modes a lot, comprise permeability coefficient, pumping rate, net porosity, hydraulic gradient, pumped well chimney filter length and hydrology final condition etc. It is noted herein that, analytic solution cannot be drawn if asked by analytic solution, so just needing to adopt other division of protection zones modes according to local conditions.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mathematical relation of underground water motion rule must possess two conditions and just can solve:
(1) having one group of partial differential equation or integral equation describing underground water motion rule, the parameter value occurred in the scope of groundwater flow regime, shape, equation is all determined and known;
(2) the corresponding definite condition having groundwater movement equation, comprises final condition and starting condition.
Like this, sought the analytical expression described partial differential equation or integral equation being solved and just obtaining head or water level drawdown by method of analysis, thus depict waterhead area ground water field or periphery drawdown situation.
In the embodiment of the present invention; when adopting method of analysis and water quality point migration time criteria wellhead protection zone; its prerequisite is the groundwater flow field distribution obtaining region to be divided; on the known basis of Flow Field Distribution; consider waterbearing stratum feature (such as fluid conductivity and porosity); obtain groundwater velocity field, then obtain boundary line, protective belt at different levels according to water quality point migration time difference. When adopting Analytic Method groundwater flow problem, it is necessary to region hydrogeology background to be divided simplified, comprise the generally change etc. of pumped well distribution, waterbearing stratum final condition, pressure-bearing or table water aquifer classification, waterbearing stratum shape, multilayer waterbearing stratum system.
To sum up; analytical model algorithm is simplified and generalization by the hydrogeological body of reality; such as homogeneous isotropy, etc. thick aquifer, the circular rectangle in seepage flow district or unlimited etc.; then physical model is obtained when these hypothesis; and the underground water motion rule of physical model is described by mathematical model; then Analytic Method is adopted; obtain the analytical expression of unknown quantity; this unknown quantity can be head or drawdown; distribute on known basis in groundwater flow field distribution or water level drawdown, choose suitable technological standard (as: time standard) and divide scope of conservation area. Zoning of groundwater resource protective area is come by analytical model algorithm; information needed amount is few; tolerance range has but had large increase compared with front 4 kinds of division of protection zones modes; for the better simply hydrogeologic element of condition; set up after rational groundwater movement equation through suitable simplification; analytic application method can simplified operation process, shorten and solve the time, and eliminate data input work loaded down with trivial details in numerical simulation.
In the embodiment of the present invention; analytical model algorithm is applicable to the simple wellhead protection zone of hydrogeological conditions and divides; such as; all kinds of waterhead areas of middle-size and small-size scale; especially hole or microfissure waterhead area; when waterbearing stratum nonuniformity difference is little, result is more credible, for the obvious waterhead area of waterbearing stratum nonuniformity, as karst or mixed type waterhead area should not adopt analytic solution.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 6th default class division index, then treat the hydrogeological conditions dividing region and generally change, set up the numerical model in region to be divided;
Obtain the groundwater regime information in region to be divided;
Input, the output parameter of described numerical model is identified, and described numerical model is carried out adjusting ginseng and matching by the groundwater regime information according to the region to be divided got;
If described fitting result is in default limit of error, then by adjusting the described numerical model after joining to determine the groundwater flow field distribution in region to be divided;
Based on described groundwater flow field distribution, Bound moisture particle migration time standard carries out spike forward or backwards, it is determined that region to be divided scope of conservation area at different levels.
In the embodiment of the present invention; division of protection zones mode corresponding to the 6th class division index can referred to as numerical model method; the method refers to tries to achieve in ground water field distributed basis by Method for Numerical, according to given time standard, water quality point is carried out spike forward or backwards, delineation scope of conservation area. Concrete steps are as follows:
1) establishing model target, specifies modeling object;
2) model is generally changed: model of cognition border, and delineation calculates district, it is determined that moisture rock group, understands regional general situation, according to the analytically sewerage supply of the hydrogeologic data in region to be divided, runoff and Escape condition, collects dynamic monitoring information;
3) numerical model is set up;
4) Model Identification and tune ginseng. In order to enable the numerical model model of foundation represent underground water behavior and the state of actual area to be divided, it is necessary to carry out model identification and adjust ginseng, ground water field and groundwater regime all should with actual measurement be consistent;
5) correction of model, analysis & verification. Reach optimal fitting result (fitting result in default limit of error, such as, 0.03%) by amendment repeatedly and adjustment, obtain groundwater flow field distribution;
6) Particle-beam Tracing. Foundation previous calculations flow field out, it may also be useful to Particle-beam Tracing software, can enter the water quality point range of recovery well, as scope of conservation area under irising wipe out specified time according to given time standard.
In these 6 kinds of division of protection zones modes; when using Method for Numerical; the information needing input is maximum; comprise permeability coefficient, porosity, feedwater degree, waterbearing stratum thickness, source sink term, waterbearing stratum shape, position, border and character etc.; therefore, it should according to the demand of numerical model collection correlation parameter as much as possible.
Method for Numerical delineating protection zones of groundwater wellfields, refer to and try to achieve on the basis of groundwater flow field distribution by Method for Numerical, by computer or other means, complete the basis of ground water field simulation, on the basis completing ground water field simulation, again by Particle-beam Tracing module, according to before regular hour standard is in steady flow or astable stream to or after to (forward or backwards) spike, divide scope of conservation area at different levels, China's existing " specification " uses water quality point migration time standard, numerical model method adopts existing programmodule usually, water particle motion simulation is completed by computer, thus the Bound moisture particle movement time divides protective belt, it is the necessary method dividing large-scale groundwater source field protective belt.
Groundwater Numerical Simulation software conventional at present, their common feature is widely used, by the pre-treatment of numerical simulation, model calculates and aftertreatment whole process connects very well, from modeling, mesh generation, input or revise all kinds of hydrogeology parameter, model running, inverting correction parameter until Output rusults, whole computerize.
Method for Numerical can use various model, and when hydrogeological conditions more complicated, the method is just practical. Its accuracy depends on the accuracy of input data. If use the method underground water Potable Water Conservation district is divided, it is necessary to anaerobic condition parameter such as data such as porosity, permeability coefficient, saturated depth of stratum, flow velocitys, if lacking these parameters, it is possible to waterbearing stratum is carried out various experiment and obtains. Want successfully to divide protection zone, it is necessary to model is carried out correction matching. The method can provide higher tolerance range and almost be applicable to all hydrogeological conditionss. Method for Numerical accuracy height and applied widely, and can changing according to the variation prediction ground water field of the conditions such as waterhead area exploitation, comprises nature or flow field change that human factor causes, thus adjusts water source pump-station measure in time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, at the corresponding relation according to the division of protection zones index classification preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that also comprise after the scope of conservation area (S4) in region to be divided;
S5: other according to the waterhead area subclass belonging to region to be divided, adjusts the scope of conservation area in the region to be divided determined;
Wherein, waterhead area subclass is not the combination again to waterhead area first-level class result.
In sum, deposit 5, place angle from anaerobic condition type, Groundwater buried depth condition, mining of groundwater scale, pumped well distribution density and underground water tax and groundwater source field is carried out first-level class, and first-level class is combined again, 180 kinds of groundwater source field can be divided out, it is possible to for division of protection zones work provides foundation, also according to waterhead area complicated hydrogeological conditions, waterhead area exploitation scale, anaerobic condition type, waterhead area Pollution risk, place is deposited in tax, accuracy requirement and the parameter index such as state of the art and recovery well distribution density carry out index analysis, determine the weighted value of each parameter index and the scoring of correspondence, so that it is determined that division of protection zones index, again according to the division of protection zones index screening wellhead protection zone dividing mode determined, make division of protection zones way choice more targetedly and accuracy, finally, other according to the waterhead area subclass belonging to region to be divided again, the scope of conservation area in the region to be divided determined is adjusted, further, improve the precision of scope of conservation area.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention; can also making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a underground water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, comprising:
Determine to affect the parameter index of wellhead protection zone division;
Obtain region to be divided, according to described region to be divided, it is determined that the weighted value of each parameter index and the scoring of correspondence;
Weighted value according to each parameter index determined and the scoring of correspondence, it is determined that division of protection zones index;
According to the corresponding relation of default division of protection zones index classification and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided.
2. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method; it is characterized in that; described parameter index comprises: complicated hydrogeological conditions; waterhead area exploitation scale; anaerobic condition type; waterhead area Pollution risk, composes and deposits place, accuracy requirement and state of the art and recovery well distribution density.
3. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterized in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that also comprise after the scope of conservation area in region to be divided;
Other according to the waterhead area subclass belonging to region to be divided, the scope of conservation area in the region to be divided determined is adjusted;
Wherein, waterhead area subclass is not the combination again to waterhead area first-level class result.
4. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to default first kind division index, then according to the anaerobic condition type in region to be divided, it is determined that the protective belt radius in region to be divided.
5. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 2nd default class division index, then determining the protective belt radius in region to be divided according to the first formula, described first formula is:
In formula, R is protective belt radius, and �� is safety coefficient, and K is AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, and I is the average hydraulic gradient within the scope of underground landing funnel, and T is pollutant level transition time, and n is net porosity.
6. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 3rd default class division index, then determining protective belt radius according to the 2nd formula, described 2nd formula is:
In formula, Q is pumping rate, and t is the migration time standard of protective belt at different levels, and n is waterbearing stratum porosity, and H is pumped well chimney filter length, and r is the protective belt radius of corresponding time t.
7. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 4th default class division index, then determining the protective belt radius in region to be divided according to the 3rd formula, described 3rd formula is:
In formula, Q is pumping rate, and t is the migration time standard of protective belt at different levels, and n is waterbearing stratum porosity, and b is pumped well chimney filter length, q1For vertical infiltration or region supply rate, RtFor the protective belt radius of corresponding time t.
8. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 4th default class division index; and when there is the piestic water seedbed of more stream, the diving waterhead area of regional supply or there is the confined aquifer of fixed inclination in curves in region to be divided, it is determined that the formula of waterhead area landing funnel scope:
In formula, xlimitFor landing funnel water supply well downstream side to maximum extension distance, ylimitFor landing funnel water supply well party upstream to maximum width, Q is the rate of drawing water, and K is horizontal direction permeability coefficient, and b is pumped well chimney filter length, and i is the waterbearing stratum gradient in region;
Pass through xlimitDetermine scope of conservation area downstream boundary;
Determining scope of conservation area upstream boundary by the 4th formula, described 4th formula is:
D=t v
In formula, v=KI/n, v are average groundwater velocity, and K is horizontal direction permeability coefficient, and I is average hydraulic gradient, and n is porosity, and d is upstream boundary scope, and t is migration time standard.
9. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 5th default class division index, then treat the hydrogeological conditions dividing region to analyze, determine to treat the parameter dividing region Groundwater Flow and playing a decisive role, set up the physical model in region to be divided according to described parameter;
Based on described physical model, set up the mathematical relation of underground water motion rule, and according to the original state in region to be divided and final condition, described mathematical relation is solved the ground water field obtaining region to be divided or the distribution of water level drawdown;
Distribute based on described ground water field or water level drawdown, and Bound moisture particle migration time standard determines the scope of conservation areas at different levels in region to be divided.
10. underground according to claim 1 water type drinking water source area division of protection zones method, it is characterised in that, the corresponding relation of the division of protection zones index classification that described basis is preset and division of protection zones mode, it is determined that the scope of conservation area in region to be divided comprises:
If when the described division of protection zones index determined belongs to the 6th default class division index, then treat the hydrogeological conditions dividing region and generally change, set up the numerical model in region to be divided;
Obtain the groundwater regime information in region to be divided;
Input, the output parameter of described numerical model is identified, and described numerical model is carried out adjusting ginseng and matching by the groundwater regime information according to the region to be divided got;
If described fitting result is in default limit of error, then by adjusting the described numerical model after joining to determine the groundwater flow field distribution in region to be divided;
Based on described groundwater flow field distribution, Bound moisture particle migration time standard carries out spike forward or backwards, it is determined that region to be divided scope of conservation area at different levels.
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| CN107761693A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-06 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of underground water pollution migrates appraisal procedure |
| CN107761693B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-08-09 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | A kind of underground water pollution migration appraisal procedure |
| CN108629008A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-09 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院 | 4th is multi-aquifer groundwater environment function solid partition method and application process |
| CN108629008B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2020-12-29 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院 | Function three-dimensional zoning method for underground water environment of fourth-system multi-aquifer and application method |
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Application publication date: 20160601 |