CN105631111A - Method for predicting step shaft induction quenching martensite distribution - Google Patents
Method for predicting step shaft induction quenching martensite distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting step shaft induction quenching martensite distribution based on an ANSYS finite element platform. The method comprises the steps of 1, determining an actual working environment at the time of induction quenching; 2, constructing a finite element entity model of the actual induction quenching environment; 3, defining attributes of a two-dimensional coupling field entity unit PLANE13 and material attributes, and dividing finite element grids; 4, applying heat source load, heat convection constraints and boundary conditions to all nodes of the two-dimensional coupling field entity unit PLANE13, and conducting electromagnetic thermal coupling analysis on a workpiece through a direct method, so that the electromagnetic thermal coupling calculation result is obtained; 5, taking radial temperature distribution at different heights in the axial direction of the workpiece, so that a curve graph indicating martensite distribution in the axial direction of the workpiece is obtained. By means of the method, the model, load and constraint conditions can be modified according to change of the actual workpiece shape, dimension and equipment parameters, workload of the induction quenching test conducted on the workpiece is greatly reduced, and martensite distribution meeting the process requirements can be obtained conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Forecasting Methodology that a kind of step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform distributes, particularly relate to the determination methods that each processing parameter changes the distribution of backward step axle martensite.
Background technology
Traditional material heat treatment process, by a large amount of experimental study, therefrom screens a kind of relatively good treatment process, but time-consuming and high cost. Induction quenching thermal treatment has high quality, the feature such as reproducibility and strong adaptability, is one of process of surface treatment most widely used and with fastest developing speed in heat treatment industry. It is carried out finite element analysis, it is determined that reasonably processing parameter, meets the requirements such as the surface hardness required and depth of hardening zone, size, tissue, be conducive to the carrying out of actual production process.
At present, the induction quenching of step axle is widely used, and realizes the hardening treatment of workpiece surface mainly through induction quenching, and after making quenching, workpiece surface is the 2-3mm degree of depth, the complete Malpighian layer of one fixed width continuous print, otherwise, in use big area crackle occurs due to unbalanced stress and lost efficacy. Therefore, martensite, half martensite and the distribution without martensite completely of prediction step shaft-like work surface is the working direction of step axle hardening treatment. The present invention, based on the problems referred to above, solves the prediction of workpiece martensite distribution layer, each processing parameter is to the martensite distributional pattern of distribution influence and each shaped piece, thus realizes process requirements, it is to increase the manufacturability of workpiece.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the Forecasting Methodology that a kind of step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform distributes, it can change model, load and constraint condition according to practical work piece size, form and device parameter, greatly reduces the workload of induction heating test.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of step axle induction quenching martensite distribution Forecasting Methodology, the method be based on ANSYS finite element analysis software platform step as follows:
A () is according to the technical requirements of workpiece, it is determined that actual working environment during induction heating;
B () builds the solid finite element model of actual sensed heating environment according to actual working environment on ANSYS finite element platform;
C () first defines two dimension coupled field solid element PLANE13 attribute, definition material attribute again, then finite element grid is divided according to the size of skin depth under different parameters, 3 ~ 4 layers are divided in workpiece skin depth, simultaneously when ensureing to calculate precision in order to save computing time, inside workpiece stress and strain model is thicker;
D () applies on each node of the extremely two-dimentional coupled field solid element PLANE13 of thermal source load and thermal convection constraint and final condition, and adopt direct method that workpiece is carried out electromagnetism Thermal couple analysis, obtains electromagnetism thermal coupling calculation result;
E () defines the two-dimentional 4 hot solid element PLANE55 attributes of node, the electromagnetism thermal coupling calculation result obtained through (d) be applied on each node of two-dimentional 4 node hot solid element PLANE55, workpiece carried out temperature field analysis, obtains solution of Temperature result;
F () is according to the solution of Temperature result obtained, under getting different heights, inside workpiece is to surperficial temperature distribution path, measure the complete martensite of workpiece, half martensite and the degree of depth without Malpighian layer on every paths, thus obtain the distribution of the axial martensite degree of depth of step axle and width.
Further, in described step (f), selecting suitable complete austenitizing temperature according to workpiece material and start austenitizing temperature, the feature in conjunction with induction heating quick heating adds certain off-set value in former temperature, then is judged the situation of Malpighian layer by temperature distribution history.
Further, the described actual working environment in step (b) comprises the distance between the size of workpiece material, workpiece and inductor block, the heat radiation condition of workpiece, workpiece and inductor block, air field.
Further, the described material properties in step (c) comprises the resistivity of the relative magnetic permeability of inductor block and workpiece, the density of material of workpiece, the specific heat capacity of workpiece and workpiece.
Further, thermal source load in described step (d) and thermal convection constraint and final condition comprise envrionment temperature, induction heating current density, the heat-conduction coefficient of workpiece and heat transfer boundary coefficient.
After have employed technique scheme, due to the Forecasting Methodology that the present invention distributes based on the step axle induction quenching martensite of ANSYS finite element platform, by analog calculation and the different induction heating technology parameter of contrast, the form of workpiece martensite distribution when can determine step axle induction quenching and be met the martensite degree of depth and the width of process requirements by adjusting process parameter, improving the mechanical property of step shaft-like work, the Forecasting Methodology use cost that therefore the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform of the present invention distributes is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the step axle part induction heating geometric model set up;
Fig. 2 is the finite element analysis grid model of workpiece;
Workpiece temperature cloud charts when Fig. 3 is time t=3.8s;
Fig. 4 is workpiece radial temperature profile curve under 4 height;
Fig. 5 is that workpiece spindle is to depth of Martensite zone distribution curve.
Embodiment
In order to make the content of the present invention more easily be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 4, utilize ANSYS finite element analysis software that 45# steel step axle is carried out the induction heating in induction quenching and carry out temperature field analysis, comprise the following steps:
A () is according to the technical requirements of workpiece, it is determined that actual working environment during induction quenching: wherein, it is necessary to determine induction heating condition: induction heating frequency f=195kHz, heat-up time t=3.8s, current density, J s=403 �� 106A/m2; Workpiece is diameter of phi 15.2mm, and step width is 1.6mm, and length is 100mm, and fillet is the step axle of 0.5mm; Ruhmkorff coil internal diameter is �� 18.2mm, is highly 15mm;
B () carries out a dimension modeling to the 1/2 of axisymmetric workpiece, inductor block carries out modeling with skin depth, considers the gap between workpiece and induction coil and air field around simultaneously. Workpiece surface divides closeer, and heart portion is relatively thick, and longitudinal dividing precision is 0.125mm; Induction coil is divided into 20 �� 32 unit lattice; Air field adopts the mode freely divided. As shown in Figure 1, wherein A1 district represents workpiece to model, and A2 district is induction coil, and A3 is air field;
(c) definition two dimension coupled field solid element PLANE13 attribute and material properties, material properties comprises the density of material, magnetic permeability �� at different temperatures, specific heat capacity c, electricalresistivity��;
D () enters electromagnetism thermal coupling and solves process: definition thermal source load and thermal convection constraint and final condition, it comprises envrionment temperature, induction heating current density, the heat-conduction coefficient of workpiece and heat transfer boundary coefficient, apply thermal source load and thermal convection constraint and final condition on each node of two dimension coupled field solid element PLANE13, and adopt direct method that workpiece is carried out electromagnetism Thermal couple analysis, obtain electromagnetism thermal coupling calculation result;
E the Coupling unit PLANE13 is converted into temperature calculation unit PLANE55 by () again, read electromagnetism thermal coupling calculation result as load applying to, on each node, carrying out solving of temperature field; Temperature field be not in the same time with different zones temperature, the temperature field cloud atlas of time t=3.8s as shown in Figure 3,
F () reads solution of Temperature result, derive different heights along workpiece radial temperature profile curve, judging martensite distribution situation according to this temperature distribution history, during time t=3.8s, the radial temperature profile curve at workpiece step two ends is as shown in Figure 4, and concrete judgement process is as follows: the A of material S45C steelC3��AC1, value be respectively 778 DEG C, 721 DEG C, owing to the induction heating time is short, need more overheated than normal quenching 30 ~ 50 DEG C to meet completely, start austenitizing, so 45# steel induction quenching takes full austenite temperature 820 DEG C, exceeding this temperature quench cooled is 100% martensitic stucture (M), corresponding quench-hardened case completely; Start austenitizing temperature 760 DEG C, be all the tissue before material processing lower than this temperature, correspondence quench-hardened case; Complete austenitizing and beginning austenitizing medium temperature are 790 DEG C, quenching herein produces 50%M tissue, corresponding effectively quench-hardened case, therefore can judging that depth of hardening zone is as shown in Figure 5 by temperature distribution history, the full depth of complete martensite is 2.75mm, and half martensite full depth is 3.25mm, it is 4mm without martensite full depth, all it is positioned at y=-0.2mm place, and the complete martensite width of workpiece surface is 5.9mm, is positioned at y=-5.4mm to y=0.5mm and locates.
Above-described specific embodiment; the technical problem, technical scheme and the useful effect that the present invention are solved have further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; it is not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the Forecasting Methodology of a step axle induction quenching martensite distribution, it is characterised in that, the method is that its step comprises as follows based on ANSYS finite element analysis software platform:
A () is according to the technical requirements of workpiece, it is determined that actual working environment during induction heating;
B () builds the solid finite element model of actual sensed heating environment according to actual working environment on ANSYS finite element analysis software platform;
C () first defines two dimension coupled field solid element PLANE13 attribute, then definition material attribute, and then size according to skin depth divides finite element grid;
D () applies on each node of the extremely two-dimentional coupled field solid element PLANE13 of thermal source load and thermal convection constraint and final condition, and adopt direct method that workpiece is carried out electromagnetism Thermal couple analysis, obtains electromagnetism thermal coupling calculation result;
E () defines the two-dimentional 4 hot solid element PLANE55 attributes of node, the electromagnetism thermal coupling calculation result obtained through (d) be applied on each node of two-dimentional 4 node hot solid element PLANE55, workpiece carried out temperature field analysis, obtains solution of Temperature result;
F () is according to the solution of Temperature result obtained, under getting different heights, inside workpiece is to surperficial temperature distribution path, measure the complete martensite of workpiece, half martensite and the degree of depth without Malpighian layer on every paths, thus obtain the distribution of the axial martensite degree of depth of step axle and width.
2. the Forecasting Methodology that the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform according to claim 1 distributes, it is characterized in that: in shown step (f), select suitable complete austenitizing temperature according to workpiece material and start austenitizing temperature, feature in conjunction with induction heating quick heating adds certain off-set value in former temperature, then is judged the situation of Malpighian layer by temperature distribution history.
3. the Forecasting Methodology that the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform according to claim 1 distributes, it is characterised in that: the shown actual working environment in step (b) comprises the distance between the size of workpiece material, workpiece and inductor block, the heat radiation condition of workpiece, workpiece and inductor block, air field.
4. the Forecasting Methodology that the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform according to claim 1 distributes, it is characterised in that: the shown material properties in step (c) comprises the resistivity of the relative magnetic permeability of inductor block and workpiece, the density of material of workpiece, the specific heat capacity of workpiece and workpiece.
5. the Forecasting Methodology that the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform according to claim 1 distributes, it is characterised in that: thermal source load in shown step (d) and thermal convection constraint and final condition comprise envrionment temperature, induction heating current density, the heat-conduction coefficient of workpiece and heat transfer boundary coefficient.
6. the Forecasting Methodology that the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform according to claim 1 distributes, it is characterized in that: in shown step (a), it is necessary to determine induction heating condition comprises induction heating frequency, heat-up time, current density; Workpiece is straight, step width, length of bench, the fillet radius of step axle, the height of ruhmkorff coil internal diameter and ruhmkorff coil.
7. the Forecasting Methodology that the step axle induction quenching martensite based on ANSYS finite element platform according to claim 1 distributes, it is characterized in that: in shown step (d), the solid finite element model building actual sensed heating environment to axisymmetric workpiece 1/2nd carries out a dimension modeling, and then inductor block carries out modeling with skin depth.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106529005A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for designing local tempering induction coil of ultrahigh-strength steel threaded type workpiece based on finite element simulation |
| CN107245557A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-13 | 河海大学常州校区 | Hardened layer tissue and hardness method based on TTT curve prediction shaft member impewdance matchings |
| CN107245552A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-13 | 河海大学常州校区 | Hardened layer tissue and hardness method based on CCT curve prediction shaft member impewdance matching |
| CN112149333A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 上海交通大学 | Optimization method for parameters of bearing raceway laser-induction composite quenching process |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106529005A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for designing local tempering induction coil of ultrahigh-strength steel threaded type workpiece based on finite element simulation |
| CN107245557A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-13 | 河海大学常州校区 | Hardened layer tissue and hardness method based on TTT curve prediction shaft member impewdance matchings |
| CN107245552A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-13 | 河海大学常州校区 | Hardened layer tissue and hardness method based on CCT curve prediction shaft member impewdance matching |
| CN112149333A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 上海交通大学 | Optimization method for parameters of bearing raceway laser-induction composite quenching process |
| CN112149333B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-10-31 | 上海交通大学 | Bearing raceway laser-induction composite quenching process parameter optimization method |
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