CN105630401A - Data storage method, data storage device, data reading method and data reading device - Google Patents
Data storage method, data storage device, data reading method and data reading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105630401A CN105630401A CN201410614553.6A CN201410614553A CN105630401A CN 105630401 A CN105630401 A CN 105630401A CN 201410614553 A CN201410614553 A CN 201410614553A CN 105630401 A CN105630401 A CN 105630401A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
Abstract
The invention discloses a data storage method, a data storage device, a data reading method and a data reading device, wherein the data storage method comprises the following steps that: a server receives a data writing request; and the server writes and stores data in a sector of a local virtual hard disk VHD file under the triggering of the writing request. By means of the invention, the problems that the occupation space of the magnetic disk is large, backup is inconvenient and sub-mirroring is not supported due to a RAW format in a related technology can be solved; and thus, the effects that the space of the magnetic disk is distributed according to requirements, backup is convenient and snapshooting and sub-mirroring are supported can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, in particular to the store method of data, device and read method, device.
Background technology
Network is that operating system mirror image is preserved on the server by one without disc system, client computer this locality does not have hard disk or does not use local hard drive, use Pre-boot Execution Environment (prebootexecuteenvironment, referred to as PXE) technology of guiding from network, substantial amounts of Client OS preserves on the server, need the management method of a kind of high efficient and flexible, traditional method is to use the virtual hard disk of not processed RAW form, then network small computer system interface (InternetSmallComputerSystemInterface is used, referred to as iSCSI) share to client computer use, the existence of RAW form is adopted to take disk space big, the features such as inconvenient backup, RAW is such as used mainly to have following deficiency: (1) waste memory space: use naked form RAW form hard disk need to distribute all of space in advance, as created the hard disk of a 10G to user, then want first to create on the server the file of a 10G size, the use distribution according to need space along with user can not be accomplished, (2) safeguarding inconvenience: owing to virtual hard disk file is generally large, and RAW form does not support snapshot, so backup can only adopt duplications, the mode pasted, speed is slow and wasting space, safeguards inconvenient.
For, in correlation technique, adopting the existence of RAW form to take disk space big, it has not been convenient to the problem backing up, not supporting sub-mirror image, also do not propose effective solution.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the store method of data, device and read method, device, at least to solve one of the problems referred to above.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is provided the store method of a kind of data, including: server receives the write request to data; Under the triggering of described write request, described data are written in the sector in local virtual hard disk (Virtualharddisk, referred to as VHD) file by described server, and preserve.
Further, before described operating system data are written in the sector in local VHD file by described server, including: described server determines whether the sector corresponding with described write request is assigned with, wherein, when determining unassigned, described server is that described data distribute described sector; When determine be assigned with, then trigger described server by described data write described sector.
Further, described server is determined whether the sector corresponding with described write request has been assigned with and is included: described server obtains block allocation table (Blockallocationtable, referred to as BAT) table from described local VHD file; According to described BAT table, described server determines whether the sector corresponding with described write request is assigned with.
Further, described method also includes: when described operating system image file changes, and sends the incremental portion changed in described operating system image file to client.
Further, described method also includes: described server receives the read request to described VHD file; The data that described read request is corresponding are read from difference disk; The data corresponding in the described read request of confirmation in Unrecorded situation, read described data in described difference disk from father's disk of described difference disk, and wherein, in described difference disk, the data of storage are the data changed in described father's disk.
Further, described method also includes: be raw device file by described VHD file carry, and provides described operating system image file to client.
According to another aspect of the present invention, additionally provide the read method of a kind of data, including: described server receives the read request to operating system image file; Under the triggering of described read request, described server reads, from local virtual hard disk VHD file, the data that described read request is corresponding.
Further, the data that described server reads described read request corresponding from local VHD file include: read the data that described read request is corresponding from difference disk; The data corresponding in the described read request of confirmation in Unrecorded situation, read described data in described difference disk from father's disk of described difference disk, and wherein, in described difference disk, the data of storage are the data changed in described father's disk.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is provided the save set of a kind of data, described device is applied to server, including: receiver module, for receiving the write request to data; Writing module, for, under the triggering of described write request, being written to described data in the sector in local virtual hard disk VHD file, and preserve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, additionally providing a kind of reading device grasping data, described device is applied to server, including: receiver module, for receiving the read request to operating system image file; Read module, for, under the triggering of described read request, reading, from local VHD file, the data that described read request is corresponding.
By the present invention, server is adopted to receive the write request to data; Under the triggering of write request, server writes data in the sector in local virtual hard disk VHD file, and preserves. By the invention solves correlation technique adopts RAW form exist to take disk space big, it has not been convenient to backup, not supporting the problem of sub-mirror image, and then reached distribution according to need disk space, backup is convenient, support the effect of snapshot and sub-mirror image.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, and the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the store method flow chart of data according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the read method flow chart of data according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the save set of data according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of the reading device of data according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is VHD file structure chart according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that VHD according to embodiments of the present invention reads flow chart;
Fig. 7 is VHD file write flow chart according to embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that VHD according to embodiments of the present invention creates sub-mirror image flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can be mutually combined.
Providing the store method of a kind of operating system image file in the present embodiment, Fig. 1 is the store method flow chart of data according to embodiments of the present invention, as it is shown in figure 1, this flow process comprises the steps:
Step S102, server receives the write request to data;
Step S104, under the triggering of write request, server writes the data in the sector in local virtual hard disk VHD file, and preserves.
Pass through above-mentioned steps, server uses VHD format that operating system image file is read management, compared in correlation technique, when adopting RAW form, waste memory space, safeguards the problems such as inconvenient, and above-mentioned steps solves the problems referred to above, and then reached distribution according to need disk space, back up convenient, to support snapshot and sub-mirror image effect.
In one alternate embodiment, before operating system data are written in the sector in local VHD file by server, server determines whether the sector corresponding with write request is assigned with, wherein, when determining unassigned, server is data distribution sector; When determine be assigned with, then operating system data are write this sector by trigger server. Thus server carries out the distribution of sector according to write request, it is achieved that distribute according to need, dynamically distribute disk space.
Above-mentioned steps relates to server it needs to be determined that whether the sector corresponding with write request is assigned with, in one alternate embodiment, server obtains BAT table from local VHD file, according to BAT table, server determines whether the sector corresponding with write request is assigned with.
In one alternate embodiment, when operating system image file changes, the incremental portion changed in operating system image file is sent to client. By this step, only the incremental portion changed in operating system image file is sent to client, improve storage efficiency, decrease memory space.
When server receives the read request to VHD file, in one alternate embodiment, first from difference disk, read the data that read request is corresponding, confirming that data corresponding to read request are in difference disk in Unrecorded situation, these data are read from father's disk of this difference disk, wherein, in difference disk, the data of storage are the data changed in father's disk. Thus saving memory space.
In one alternate embodiment, it is raw device file by VHD file carry, and provides operating system image file to client. Wherein, this raw device file is equivalent to physical hard disk.
Additionally providing the read method of a kind of data in the present embodiment, Fig. 2 is the read method flow chart of data according to embodiments of the present invention, as in figure 2 it is shown, this flow process comprises the steps:
Step S202, server receives the read request to operating system image file;
Step S204, under the triggering of read request, server reads the data that read request is corresponding from local virtual hard disk VHD file.
Pass through above-mentioned steps, server uses VHD format to preserve operating system mirror image, compared in correlation technique, when adopting RAW form, waste memory space, safeguards the problems such as inconvenient, and above-mentioned steps solves the problems referred to above, and then reached distribution according to need disk space, use the effect that snapshot is backed-up.
When server reads data from local VHD file, in one alternate embodiment, first from difference disk, read the data that read request is corresponding, confirming that data corresponding to read request are in difference disk in Unrecorded situation, data are read from father's disk of difference disk, wherein, in difference disk, the data of storage are the data changed in father's disk. Thus improve the efficiency reading file.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the save set of data according to embodiments of the present invention, and this device is applied to server, as it is shown on figure 3, this device includes: receiver module 32, for receiving the write request to operating system image file; Writing module 34, for, under the triggering of write request, being written to operating system data in the sector in local virtual hard disk VHD file, and preserve.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of the reading device of data according to embodiments of the present invention, and this device is applied to server, and as shown in Figure 4, this device includes: receiver module 42, for receiving the read request to operating system image file; Read module 44, for, under the triggering of read request, reading this operating system data from local VHD file.
It should be noted that above-mentioned modules can be by software or what hardware realized, for the latter, it is possible to be accomplished by, but it is not limited to this: above-mentioned modules is respectively positioned in same processor; Or, above-mentioned modules lays respectively at first processor, the second processor and the 3rd processor ... in.
For the problems referred to above existed in correlation technique, illustrating below in conjunction with alternative embodiment, this alternative embodiment combines above-mentioned alternative embodiment and optional embodiment thereof.
The explanation of relevant technical terms:
VHD:MicrosoftVirtualHardDiskformat, a kind of virtual disk form, support dynamically and nutrient disk, Microsoft's Hyper-v virtual platform uses VHD as virtual hard disk, and similar form also has VMDK, QCOW2 etc.
PXE: a kind of netboot agreement, has the realization of this agreement in general network interface card.
The upgraded version of iPXE:PXE agreement.
Network is without dish: by PXE or iPXE from netboot computer, all data all preserve on the remote server, and this locality can not have hard disk.
ISCSI: a kind of storage agreement shared away by block device (such as disk) by IP network, it is just the same with local hard drive that client uses iSCSI to share hard disk, it is possible to disk carries out the operation such as subregion, formatting.
This alternative embodiment develops a kind of method, use virtual hard disk (virtualharddisk, referred to as VHD) form mirror image is carried out preserve management, VHD format has space distribution according to need, can create the advantage such as snapshot and encryption, even can be directly migrated on virtual platform by this mirror image.
For the shortcoming using RAW form to preserve mirror image, this alternative embodiment is designed use VHD format and is preserved image file, and in order to use VHD format file, this alternative embodiment has not method by third party's instrument direct read/write VHD file; Service end is after receiving VHD read-write requests, it is first turned on VHD file, obtain the BAT table of VHD, judge whether corresponding sector has been distributed and position hereof, sector in VHD file according to BAT table, if the sector of corresponding write request is unallocated in VHD file, then to distribute corresponding data block and amendment BAT table, then write data into the correspondence position of file again; If reading certain data block x, first system can read the batentry of difference disk x block. If its value is 0xFFFFFFFF, it was shown that do not record data in difference disk, the xth block of father's disk of this difference disk next just should be read; If its value of batentry is not 0xFFFFFFFF, then can pass through whether x block in batmap uses full (or the bitmap in analysis block data field), determine the need for penetrating into father's disk to make up the difference, if with full, then do not need reprocessing father's disk; If unused full, it be 0 referring again to which position of bitmap in this blocks of data district, be that the father's disk that penetrates into of 0 is made up the difference, be 1 and directly read.
The big feature of the one of VHD file is distribution according to need disk space, VHD file does not distribute any data block (disk space) when creating, when VHD receives disk write operation, corresponding bat table can be detected, if the value of bat table is 0xFFFFFFFF, then represent that corresponding data block is not distributed in VHD file, then by increasing the size distribution data block (0 by writing some bytes at the end of file realizes) of VHD file, and to revise corresponding value in bat table be new data block side-play amount in VHD file;
Another big feature of VHD file is to support snapshot functions; Using snapping technique can realize the purposes such as the quick backup to data, faster than directly duplication stickup file is many; VHD snapshot is (not distribute data block because of creating VHD mirror image by what the sub-mirror image (being also difference disk) of establishment VHD realized, only need to create the only small content such as VHD file head and BAT table, so speed is fast), after creating sub-mirror image, read-write operation carries out just for sub-mirror image, the no longer female mirror image of operation, the result of read-write is all saved in sub-mirror image, thus plays the effect to female mirror back-up;
Non-disk startup service is externally provided in order to make VHD can pass through iSCSI, emerging virtualized environment (zhongxingvirtualizationenvironments in the introducing of this alternative embodiment, referred to as ZXVE) platform (operating system, in emerging virtual platform), by ZXVE, VHD carry can becoming raw device file (being equivalent to physical hard disk), just can pass through iSCSI after becoming raw device externally provides service;
The step using VHD is as follows:
1, server carry VHD is raw device;
2, VHD raw device is shared by iSCSI;
3, client uses PXE network startup, obtains address from Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server and carries out iPXE startup, enters iPXE and selects the operating system to start to start to start by the iSCSI shared;
4, the read-write requests of iSCSI dish is mail to server by client;
5, VHD is written and read after receiving request by server, and returns result to client (VHD reads and writes in detail and refer to accompanying drawing).
Network need to take the substantial amounts of network bandwidth without disc system, and network requirement is higher, can affect user's experience, and this alternative embodiment designs a kind of local data cache and increment updating method improves the access to network, promotes the experience without dish user;
When client needs to fetch data to server, system can check whether the data that user asks deposit in the buffer, if data buffer memory, then directly takes out data from buffer area and returns to user, it is not necessary to fetched data by network;
If relief area does not have the data that user needs, then server request data in a network, and obtain after data by preservations in the buffer, re-use in order to next time, until total data is all buffered in this locality, so can save greatly the network bandwidth.
After the whole buffer memory of data, would be likely to occur the data of buffer memory and be likely to inconsistent situation (as the mirror image on server is carried out patch renewal, installs software etc. by manager) in server data, after manager revises server mother's mirror image, client requirements updates system, server calculates sub-mirror image and intersects the variable sector of female mirror image, variable part is sent to client, changing unit is write local cache district according to servers' data by client, and client changing unit restarts computer after having updated.
For making the purpose of this alternative embodiment, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this alternative embodiment is described in further detail.
Fig. 5 is VHD file structure chart according to embodiments of the present invention, as it is shown in figure 5, need to resolve the structure of VHD file for direct read/write VHD file;
Fig. 6 is that VHD according to embodiments of the present invention reads flow chart, and as shown in Figure 6, this flow process comprises the steps:
Step S602, opens VHD;
Step S604, obtains BAT table;
Step S606, judges the content of respective index in BAT table according to the sector number to read;
Step S608, it is judged that whether the value in BAT table is 0xFFFFFFFF, when being judged as YES, performs step S610, when being judged as NO, performs step S614;
Step S610, represents that the content of the sector to read is 0;
Step S612, return sector contents be 0 give user;
Step S614, reads VHD relevant position according to the content of BAT table, reads and is sized to 2M, and first sector table shows the use bitmap of each sector in data block;
Step S616, it is judged that whether sector bitmap values is 1, when being judged as YES, performs step S618, when judged result is no, performs step S620;
Step S618, returns the content of the sector read to user;
Step S620, finds out the father node of VHD file, reads father node acquisition sector contents according to reading flow process;
Step S622, returns.
Specifically, will reading certain data block x, first system can read the batentry of difference disk x block. If its value is 0xFFFFFFFF, it was shown that do not record data in difference disk, the xth block of father's disk of this difference disk next just should be read; If its value of batentry is not 0xFFFFFFFF, then can pass through whether x block in batmap uses full (or the bitmap in analysis block data field), determine the need for penetrating into father's disk to make up the difference, if with full, then do not need reprocessing father's disk; If unused full, it be 0 referring again to which position of bitmap in this blocks of data district, be that the father's disk that penetrates into of 0 is made up the difference, be 1 and directly read.
Fig. 7 is VHD file write flow chart according to embodiments of the present invention, as it is shown in fig. 7, this flow process comprises the steps:
Step S702, opens VHD;
Step S704, obtains BAT table;
Step S706, judges the content of respective index in BAT table according to the sector number to read;
Step S708, it is judged that whether the value in BAT table is 0xFFFFFFFF, when being judged as YES, performs step S710, when being judged as NO, performs step S714;
Step S710, represents that place, the sector data block memory space to write is unallocated, increases VHD file size to data block allocation space;
Step S712, revises the BAT table of VHD file and the batmap of data block after data block distribution, and user data writes the position that file is corresponding;
Step S714, the batmap of amendment data block, and user data is write the position that file is corresponding.
Specifically, when writing certain sector, first have to judge whether the data block at place, sector distributes, if distributing, directly writing data into the position of correspondence and revising the batmap of data block, if unallocated data block, will first increase the size distribution data block of VHD file and revise BAT table then write data again;
Fig. 8 is that VHD according to embodiments of the present invention creates sub-mirror image flow chart, fills in sub-mirror image VHD head according to attributes such as the capacity of mirror image, block sizes, and UUID and the routing information of female mirror image are write sub-mirror image, in order to can find female mirror image by sub-mirror image.
In sum, dynamic virtual disk VHD is adopted to replace RAW form by alternative embodiment of the present invention, can effectively improve utilization rate and the maintainability of memory space, simultaneity factor devises local cache system to reduce client computer taking network, enable that need except request data first after local cache to download from network can directly from this locality acquisition data after data, network can be disconnected even at after the whole buffer memory of data, alleviate network burden. Adopt new VHD mode can effectively solve to use the deficiency of RAW form, be greatly promoted memory space utilization rate and maintainability; Use network without dish, network requirement is higher simultaneously, in multi-client situation, particularly there will be the situation of network low-response, affect client's experience, the method that this alternative embodiment provides, can by server data and client write-back buffer to local hard drive (if there is) block region to alleviate network pressure, so can promoting the experience of user, also tool is without the advantage such as convenience of dish; Simultaneously when server side operation system update, client can adopt the method for incremental update to update the changing unit of mirror image to this locality, is greatly promoted the speed of renewal.
In another embodiment, additionally providing a kind of software, this software is for performing the technical scheme described in above-described embodiment and preferred implementation.
In another embodiment, additionally providing a kind of storage medium, in this storage medium, storage has above-mentioned software, and this storage medium includes but not limited to: CD, floppy disk, hard disk, scratch pad memory etc.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, each module of the above-mentioned present invention or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, or it is distributed on the network that multiple calculation element forms, alternatively, they can realize with the executable program code of calculation element, thus, can be stored in storage device is performed by calculation element, and in some cases, shown or described step can be performed with the order being different from herein, or they are fabricated to respectively each integrated circuit modules, or the multiple modules in them or step are fabricated to single integrated circuit module realize. so, the present invention is not restricted to the combination of any specific hardware and software.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the store method of data, it is characterised in that including:
Server receives the write request to data;
Under the triggering of described write request, described data are written in the sector in local virtual hard disk VHD file by described server, and preserve.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before described data are written in the sector in local VHD file by described server, including:
Described server determines whether the sector corresponding with described write request is assigned with, and wherein, when determining unassigned, described server is that described data distribute described sector; When determine be assigned with, then trigger described server by described data write described sector.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described server is determined whether the sector corresponding with described write request has been assigned with and included:
Described server obtains block allocation table BAT table from described local VHD file;
According to described BAT table, described server determines whether the sector corresponding with described write request is assigned with.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
When described operating system image file changes, the incremental portion changed in described operating system image file is sent to client.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Described server receives the read request to described VHD file;
The data that described read request is corresponding are read from difference disk;
The data corresponding in the described read request of confirmation in Unrecorded situation, read described data in described difference disk from father's disk of described difference disk, and wherein, in described difference disk, the data of storage are the data changed in described father's disk.
6. method according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
It is raw device file by described VHD file carry, and provides described operating system image file to client.
7. the read method of data, it is characterised in that including:
Described server receives the read request to operating system image file;
Under the triggering of described read request, described server reads, from local virtual hard disk VHD file, the data that described read request is corresponding.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the data that described server reads described read request corresponding from local VHD file include:
The data that described read request is corresponding are read from difference disk;
The data corresponding in the described read request of confirmation in Unrecorded situation, read described data in described difference disk from father's disk of described difference disk, and wherein, in described difference disk, the data of storage are the data changed in described father's disk.
9. a save set for data, described device is applied to server, it is characterised in that including:
Receiver module, for receiving the write request to data;
Writing module, for, under the triggering of described write request, being written to described data in the sector in local virtual hard disk VHD file, and preserve.
10. a reading device for data, described device is applied to server, it is characterised in that including:
Receiver module, for receiving the read request to operating system image file;
Read module, for, under the triggering of described read request, reading, from local virtual hard disk VHD file, the data that described read request is corresponding.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410614553.6A CN105630401A (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | Data storage method, data storage device, data reading method and data reading device |
| PCT/CN2015/083472 WO2016070641A1 (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2015-07-07 | Data storage method and device, and data reading method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410614553.6A CN105630401A (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | Data storage method, data storage device, data reading method and data reading device |
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| CN105630401A true CN105630401A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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| CN201410614553.6A Withdrawn CN105630401A (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2014-11-04 | Data storage method, data storage device, data reading method and data reading device |
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| WO (1) | WO2016070641A1 (en) |
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| CN106940626B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2020-02-07 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | Method and system for acquiring difference data among multiple disks of virtual machine |
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