CN105628692A - 一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子成分的试剂及配制技术 - Google Patents

一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子成分的试剂及配制技术 Download PDF

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CN105628692A
CN105628692A CN201510966679.4A CN201510966679A CN105628692A CN 105628692 A CN105628692 A CN 105628692A CN 201510966679 A CN201510966679 A CN 201510966679A CN 105628692 A CN105628692 A CN 105628692A
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刘志伟
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Dalian Yike Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子成分的试剂及配制技术,属于分析化学技术领域,所述试剂为1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液、1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液和10mol/L硝酸;所述1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液、1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液与10mol/L硝酸的体积比为1:1:5,本发明有益效果为是一种快速、简单、安全、特异性高等特点的检测尿液中苯酚类小分子方法。

Description

一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子成分的试剂及配制技术
技术领域
本发明涉及一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子成分的试剂及配制技术,属于分析化学技术领域。
背景技术
世界卫生组织下属国际癌症研究所发布的《Globocan2012》数据显示,2012年,全球恶性肿瘤发病数达1400万,与2008年相比,全球癌症患者和死亡病例都在增加,新增癌症病例有近一半的出现在亚洲,其中大部分在中国。报告显示,全球癌症病例呈现逐年增长趋势,由2012年的1400万,会逐年递增至2025年的1900万人,到2035年将达到2400万人。《2010年中国卫生统计年鉴》显示,恶性肿瘤在中国城市地区和农村地区均位居居民死亡原因首位。降低肿瘤死亡率和提高肿瘤治疗效果的根本出路在于早期发现、早期诊断和早期治疗。目前,由此引起的疾病诊断方法主要有物理学、组织细胞学和生物化学三大类。对于肿瘤类疾病,物理学和组织细胞学往往只能发现中晚期,难以达到早期发现的目的,且大多数操作复杂,费用昂贵。无症状人群的普查筛查又是早期诊断的主要手段之一。尿中肿瘤标志物的检测是目前研究的热点之一。尿中肿瘤标志物主要分两大类:一类是特异性蛋白质,如本一周氏蛋白、硫酸酯酶等;另一类则是肿瘤代谢产物,如核酸代谢产物多胺、氨基酸代谢产物5-羟吲哚乙酸、对羟基苯丙铜酸等。对后者的检测方法有很多,其中包括含汞试剂,如中国专利CN103323452公开了一种对羟基苯丙氨酸尿液检测试剂的制备方法和中国专利CN203616256公开了一种对羟基苯丙氨酸尿液检测试剂等,上述专利分别提出了较为实用的含汞尿检试剂配方,其共同点是均采用了两种汞离子Hg+、Hg2+,将二者按一定比例溶解在酸性溶液中,即得专利所述的试剂,该试剂中的两种汞离子分别与尿中的苯酚类小分子反应,主要是单酚、二酚及吲哚衍生物反应,如酪氨酸、色氨酸等,但这些酚类小分子与该试剂反应后产生的颜色有差异,其中酪氨酸与上述试剂反应后呈粉红色至暗红色,色氨酸与上述试剂反应后呈黄色至红色。
目前,现有技术的缺点为:1、样本中氧化剂、碱性成分等的干扰;2、检测条件不易控制,导致结果准确率下降;3、其他成分,如蛋白质、尿素的干扰等;4、反应生成物不稳定;5、采用的化学试剂中部分成分具有毒性,可能对操作者以及环境造成伤害或污染。
发明内容
本发明通过在快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子试剂的新配方中,加入Zn2+和Al3+作为去除干扰、稳定反应产物的两种离子,解决了上述问题。
本发明提供了一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子的试剂,所述试剂为1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液、1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液和10mol/L硝酸;所述1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液、1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液与10mol/L硝酸的体积比为1:1:5。
由于肿瘤病人的蛋白质代谢异常,尿液中特征性酪氨酸含量明显升高;但是,蛋白质中也包含酪氨酸残基。使用Zn2+去除尿液中溶解状态的蛋白质,消除蛋白质中酪氨酸的干扰;浓硝酸与酪氨酸上硝基邻位羟基反应,形成黄色化合物,进一步反应后颜色加深,但该物质不稳定易沉淀;Al3+可以与浓硝酸与酪氨酸形成的硝基苯形成配位物,起到稳定作用。
本发明所述1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液的配制方法优选为:将ZnSO4.7H2O溶于9mol/L的H2SO4,配成1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液。
本发明所述1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液的配制方法优选为:将Al(NO3)3.9H2O溶于10mol/L的HNO3,配成1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述试剂快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
①将1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液加入到尿液中、混匀、静置,所述尿液与1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液的体积比为13:1;
②将10mol/L硝酸加入到步骤①所得产品中、混匀,所述尿液与10mol/L硝酸的体积比为13:5;
③将1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液加入到步骤②所得产品中,如果其颜色变为黄色,则尿液中含有苯酚类小分子,所述尿液与1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液的体积比为13:1。
本发明有益效果为:
①使用Al3+清除尿液中干扰物质的同时,没有新的有色物质产生,不对特异反应形成的颜色判断造成干扰;
②在清除尿液中蛋白质干扰后,颜色反应更灵敏;
③Al3+与颜色物质生成的配位物比现有技术中的产物更稳定,有利于对颜色反应的判断;
④与现有技术中的Hg2+等重金属离子试剂比本发明所述试剂对操作者和环境无毒无污染。
具体实施方式
下述非限制性实施例可以使本领域的普通技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子试剂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
①将2.875g的ZnSO4.7H2O溶解于2mL浓度为9mol/L的H2SO4中,用浓度为9mol/L的H2SO4定容至10mL,分析滤纸过滤,收集滤液,得到浓度为1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液,取其中0.2mL;
②将3.75g的Al(NO3)3.9H2O溶解于2mL浓度为10mol/L的HNO3中,用浓度为10mol/L的HNO3定容至10mL,分析滤纸过滤,收集滤液,得到浓度为1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液,取其中0.2mL;
③将6.89mL的浓硝酸与3.11mL双蒸水混匀,得到10mol/L硝酸,取其中1mL。
实施例2
一种利用实施例1得到的试剂快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
①将0.2mL浓度为1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液加入到2.6mL尿液中,迅速混匀,静置2min;
②将1mL浓度为10mol/L硝酸加入到步骤①所得产品中,混匀1min;
③迅速将0.2mL浓度为1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液加入到步骤②所得产品中,如果其颜色先变为浅黄色,2min后颜色再变为深黄色,则尿液中含有苯酚类小分子。

Claims (4)

1.一种快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子的试剂,其特征在于:所述试剂为1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液、1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液和10mol/L硝酸;所述1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液、1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液与10mol/L硝酸的体积比为1:1:5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的试剂,其特征在于:所述1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液的配制方法为:将ZnSO4.7H2O溶于9mol/L的H2SO4,配成1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的试剂,其特征在于:所述1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液的配制方法为:将Al(NO3)3.9H2O溶于10mol/L的HNO3,配成1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液。
4.一种利用权利要求1、2或3所述试剂快速检测尿液中苯酚类小分子的方法,其特征在于:所述方法包括如下步骤:
①将1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液加入到尿液中、混匀、静置,所述尿液与1mol/L硫酸锌的硫酸溶解液的体积比为13:1;
②将10mol/L硝酸加入到步骤①所得产品中、混匀,所述尿液与10mol/L硝酸的体积比为13:5;
③将1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液加入到步骤②所得产品中,如果其颜色变为黄色,则尿液中含有苯酚类小分子,所述尿液与1mol/L硝酸铝的硝酸溶解液的体积比为13:1。
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