CN105624759B - Ceramic membrane with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic membrane with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105624759B CN105624759B CN201511010377.6A CN201511010377A CN105624759B CN 105624759 B CN105624759 B CN 105624759B CN 201511010377 A CN201511010377 A CN 201511010377A CN 105624759 B CN105624759 B CN 105624759B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/12—Anodising more than once, e.g. in different baths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/10—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing organic acids
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of ceramic membrane with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, the ceramic film thickness is 10nm~600 μm, the ceramic membrane includes an aluminium compound substrate, the base membrane layer being attached in the substrate, the base membrane layer is alumina ceramic layer, the ceramic membrane is with the perforated membrane that average capillary radius is 0.1 1.2mm, the ceramic membrane water-wetted surface can be such that the water droplet of unit mass spreads out completely, form area and be not less than 300 cm2/ g moisture film；And water-wetted surface can make hydrone overcome self gravitation, it is not less than 3.0 cm in the height of vertical direction self climbing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and applications of ceramic membrane, more particularly to a kind of there is capillary structure and super
Infiltrate the preparation and its application of the ceramic membrane of suction performance.
Background technology
Surface wettability is a key character of the surface of solids, and the infiltration of liquid versus solid is generally characterized with contact angle
Degree.In general, when the contact angle of the surface of solids and water is more than 90 °, referred to as hydrophobic surface；During less than 90 °, it is referred to as parent
Water surface.In recent years, also it has been proposed that being used as hydrophilic and hydrophobic boundary using 65 ° of contact angles.
Due to the wellability good to liquid, during water-wetted surface can be widely applied to industry and live.For example vapor coagulates
When tying on hydrophilic surfaces, the moisture film for uniformly continuous is readily expanded, suppresses the formation of isolated water droplet, the anti-fog of surface can be strengthened
Property and the transparency, this is needing to prevent frosting and kept transparent（Such as windshield of refrigerator inwall, automobile）Application in very
It is important.In addition, the condenser cold scattering fin of air-conditioning is at work, the vapor in air can be condensed between fin to the cold, formed
The globule.This not only lowers fin and the heat exchange area of air, and windage is also increased, have a strong impact on the refrigeration effect of air-conditioning
Rate.And water wetted material is coated with cold scattering fin, the formation of globule when can prevent from condensing reduces windage, maintains larger heat exchange
Area, so as to improve the efficiency of air-conditioning.
Sol-gel process is to prepare one of inorganic hydrophilic coating main method, and reaction can be carried out at a lower temperature, mistake
Journey easy-regulating, but this method generally requires the modes such as ultraviolet light could obtain hydrophily.Electrochemical method（As electrochemistry is sunk
Product, anodic oxidation etc.）It can also be used for preparing inorganic hydrophilic coating, but need special instrument and equipment, it is difficult to realize large area table
The preparation in face.Organic hydrophilic coating is obtained using the method for coating more, easily realizes large-scale production, but the hydrophily of coating
It can be not sufficiently stable, can be disappeared using after certain time.
The hydrophilicity of above-mentioned water-wetted surface is all characterized with contact angle, and the contact angle most often reported is mostly 0-
30°Between.In current paper and patent, there is not yet a kind of water-wetted surface has capillary structure, can be to water（Or other liquid
Body）Produce super infiltration and swabbing action.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the above problems, a kind of ceramic membrane with capillary structure and preparation method thereof is proposed
With application.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Ceramic membrane with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, the ceramic film thickness are 10nm~600 μm, institute
Stating ceramic membrane includes an aluminium compound substrate, the base membrane layer being attached in the substrate, and the base membrane layer is alumina ceramic layer,
The perforated membrane that it is 0.1-1.2mm with average capillary radius that the ceramic membrane, which is, the ceramic membrane water-wetted surface can make unit
The water droplet of quality is spread out completely, is formed area and is not less than 300 cm2/ g moisture film；And water-wetted surface can make hydrone overcome itself
Gravity, it is not less than 3.0 cm in the height of vertical direction self climbing.
Preferably, the preparation method of the described ceramic membrane with capillary structure, comprises the following steps,
S1, substrate pretreatment
S11, substrate degreasing：Base material is put into 5%~20% sulfuric acid tank, degreasing, taken out after 3min~5min；
The base material is aluminium base or aluminum alloy base material；
S12, wash for the first time：Aluminium base is rinsed repeatedly with running water, ensures the PH values ＞ 5 on aluminium base surface；
S13, alkali cleaning：It is 45kg/m that base material after first time is washed, which is put into concentration,3~55kg/m3, temperature be 40 DEG C~
In 60 DEG C of sodium hydroxide solution, alkali cleaning 4min~8min；
S14, wash for second：Aluminium base is rinsed repeatedly with running water, is taken out after rinsing 2min~4min；
S15, third time are washed：Aluminium base is rinsed repeatedly with running water, is rinsed 2min~4min, is taken after PH values ＞ 5
Go out；
S16, anodic oxidation：Oxidation is sequentially cleaned with alkaline electrolyte and acidic electrolysis bath, promotes metal aluminium base
Material Surface Creation has hole height, the strong pellumina of adsorption capacity, and the aluminum oxide film thickness is 0.3~30 μm；
S17, the 4th washing：Pellumina Jing Guo anodic oxidation is rinsed repeatedly with running water, flushing 2min~
Taken out after 4min, then with deionized water rinsing 1min~2min；
S18, drying：The aluminium base after chemical oxidation is taken out, is dried after deionized water is rinsed repeatedly；
S2, alumina ceramic layer coating step；
S21, material powder prepare；Alpha-alumina, organic pore former, sintering aid and other batch ingredients are entered in proportion
Row weighs proportioning：The Alpha-alumina mass percent is 60%- 70%, and particle diameter is 5-30 μm, the organic pore former quality
Percentage is 30%- 40%, and particle diameter is 35 μm of 3-；The sintering aid mass percent is 10%- 30%；
S22, raw material mixing：First by Alpha-alumina, organic pore former it is well mixed after, then with sintering aid and other batch of materials
Component mixes：Alpha-alumina and organic pore former are 70-90 %, the sintering aid and other batch ingredients are that 10-30 % are mixed
Close；
S23, mix grinding stirring：The a diameter of 5-12mm of 20-30 grains aluminium oxide ceramic ball or steel is added in mixed-powder
Ball, the mix grinding 1-3h on batch mixer；
S24, shaping：Mixed material is loaded low-temperature prewarming shaping is carried out in mould, the preheating forming temperature is 180-
250℃；
S25, intermediate sintering temperature and pore-forming；Product after shaping is transferred in intermediate sintering temperature stove, is heated to 600 DEG C, in described
The heat time of warm stove is 2-3 h, is incubated 1-2 h, then cools to less than 100 DEG C with the furnace, is finally taken out from stove last
Obtained porous ceramics.
Preferably, the preparation method of the described ceramic membrane with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, the S16
Anodization step in, the electrolyte includes acidic electrolysis bath and alkaline electrolyte, and the acidic electrolysis bath proportioning is：First
Sour mass percent 20~40%；Oxalic acid mass percent 30~50%；Malonic acid mass percent 30~50%；Nickel sulfate
Mass percent 0~10%, processing parameter are：Oxidation voltage is 20~80V, and current density is 2.0~3.5A/dm2, place
The reason time is 0.5~3h, and treatment temperature is 10~25 DEG C；
The alkaline electrolyte matches：Sodium carbonate mass percent 40~60%；Sodium chromate mass percent 15~
25%；Sodium hydroxide mass percent 2~5%；Tertiary sodium phosphate mass percent 0~1.5%, processing parameter are：Oxidation voltage
For 5~35V, current density is 1.0~2.5A/dm2, and processing time is 5~60min, and treatment temperature is 85~100
℃。
Preferably, air circulating oven or flattening oven, the air circulating oven preheating shaping are used in the S24 low temperature mouldings
Temperature is 180-250 DEG C, and the low temperature moulding time is 8-12min；The flattening oven preheating forming temperature is 180-250 DEG C, low temperature
Molding time is 3-5 min.
Preferably, the first time washing washing time in the S12 is 2min~4min.
Preferably, other batch of materials are dispersion solvent in the S21.
Preferably, the batch mixer is the batch mixer of V type structures, and the batch mixing speed is 100-150 r/min.
Ceramic membrane prepared by the present invention has super infiltration, and the super infiltration refers to that water-wetted surface can make unit mass
Water droplet is spread out completely, is formed area and is not less than 300 cm2/ g moisture film；And the ceramic membrane has swabbing action, the suction
Effect refers to that water-wetted surface can make hydrone overcome self gravitation, is not less than 3.0 cm in the height of vertical direction self climbing.
The resistance to TCT426 that speeds of ceramic membrane thermal conductivity factor Germany of the present invention is measured.Take each 30cm of length and width ceramic membrane simultaneously
By between hot line and thermocouple insertion two panels sample, connect 2.0A heated currents and start to test.The function to heat up to the time is obtained, by
This show that the thermal conductivity factor of ceramic membrane is 1.0-30 W/m.K, with aluminium（Or aluminum alloy substrate）Overall thermal conductivity rate can be high
Up to 200 W/m.K.Ceramic membrane operating temperature is up to 600 DEG C, and breakdown voltage in dry conditions is up to the V of DC 5000.The pottery
Porcelain film has capillary structure, and its average capillary radius is 0.1-1.2 mm, and very strong capillarity can be produced to liquid
Power, super infiltration swabbing action can be especially produced to water.
Super immersional wetting of the present invention, refer to that at normal temperatures and pressures, (volume is about 0.03 cm when a drop water3；
Quality is about 0.03 when g) dropping onto on ceramic membrane of the present invention（Ceramic membrane is horizontal positioned）, water droplet, which can not be stablized, to be deposited
, but drawout spontaneously is spread to surrounding, complete wetting ceramic membrane surface is continuous in being formed on several minutes of inherent ceramic membranes
The contact area of uniform moisture film, moisture film and ceramic membrane surface may be up to 40 cm2, that is to say, that the contact surface of moisture film and air
Product may be up to 40 cm2.Generally, for the water droplet of unit mass in ceramic membrane upper berth open form into after moisture film, the thickness of moisture film is most thin
Up to 7.5 μm/g, its contact area with air is in 300-1333 cm2Between/g.Ceramic membrane also has class to other liquid
Like super immersional wetting.
The super swabbing action of ceramic membrane of the present invention, refer at normal temperatures and pressures, when ceramic membrane is dipped vertically into water
When middle, due to the swabbing action of ceramic membrane capillary, water can overcome the gravity of itself, climb, climb upwards along ceramic membrane
Highly it is generally greater than the cm of liquid level 3.0-12.0.Ceramic membrane also has similar super swabbing action to other liquid.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows：The method that the present invention is combined using electrochemical oxidation and slurry coating
In aluminium（Or aluminium alloy）Surface is prepared for the ceramic membrane with capillary structure, the ceramic membrane good heat conductivity, and heat endurance is high, especially
It is to water（Deng liquid）With super infiltration and swabbing action.The characteristic and work(of existing water wetted material have been expanded in these effects
Can, and new application field is opened for water wetted material, as the heat conduction of refrigeration cool-down, desalinization and electronic component dissipates
Heat etc..
Brief description of the drawings
Technical solution of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1：Refrigerator structure chart based on ceramic membrane, now has hidden the fin of refrigerator.
Embodiment
In the present invention, except can be in the aluminium of the shapes such as paper tinsel, piece, plate（Or aluminium alloy）Ceramics are prepared in planar substrates
Film, also can be in aluminium（Or aluminium alloy）Ceramic membrane is prepared on the nonplanar structures such as silk thread, ceramic membrane is applied to various occasions.It is right
Had no in the shape of substrate specifically limited.
Due to the super infiltration function of ceramic membrane, the contact area of film and air that water droplet forms water on ceramic membrane is up to
300 – 1333 cm2/ g, i.e. moisture film and ceramic membrane and air heat exchange area are big, therefore moisture film is easy to absorb heat from environment
Evaporation, is changed into gas from liquid.Simultaneously because the thickness of moisture film is very thin（Most thin reachable 7.5 μm/g）, in the temperature of thickness direction
Degree gradient is small, and this is advantageous to the fast endothermic and rapid evaporation of moisture film.Furthermore ceramic membrane has good heat conductivility, water heat absorption
After evaporation, ceramic membrane and aluminium（Or aluminium alloy）The temperature of substrate reduces rapidly, therefore ceramic membrane can be initially applied to refrigeration cool-down.
It is to save the energy, efficiency high and simple and convenient that ceramic membrane, which is used for the advantages of refrigeration cool-down,.
Ceramic membrane is tested the super wetting property of water
Prepare the ceramic membrane using aluminium foil as substrate that width is about 10.0 cm, when with dropper toward dripping water on ceramic membrane
When (quality is about 0.03 g, and volume is about 0.03 cm3), water droplet can not be stabilized, but spread out in 1s and to be formed diameter about
For 2.0 cm moisture film.This moisture film continues to spread, and after having crossed 32 s, diameter has increased to 5.2 cm.When above-mentioned moisture film continues to expand
Dissipate, after 60 s, diameter has increased to 6.3 cm.Now the contact area of liquid film and ceramic membrane is about 30.2 cm2, it is corresponding
Unit mass contact area be 996.6 cm2/ g, unit mass water film thickness are 10.0 μm/g.
Ceramic membrane capillary radius calculates
A piece of a length of 20 cm, a width of 5 cm ceramic membranes are dipped vertically into 2 cm in water, length direction keeps hanging down with the water surface
Directly, the ceramic membrane for having 18 cm is higher than the water surface, thus observes suck-back phenomenon of the water along ceramic membrane surface.After 60 min, water is found
Highly it is in the suck-back of vertical directionh=12 cm.According to formulaCalculate the mean radius of ceramic membrane inner capillary tuber, institute
State the surface tension coefficient that the mN/m of α in formula=72.8 is water；Ɵ=20°For the contact angle of liquid level in capillary；ρ=1000 kg/
m3For the density of water；g=9.8 m/s2For acceleration of gravity, obtainr=0.1 mm。
Calculating is measured to the ceramic membrane of different-thickness prepared in the present invention, heterogeneity using the above method,
Capillary radius is obtained between 0.1-1.2 mm.
Water film evaporation performance comparision on ceramic membrane
Because water droplet can spread out to form very thin moisture film completely on ceramic membrane, the contact area of moisture film and air is 300
– 1333 cm2Between/g, therefore greatly improved relative to the water droplet of equal quality, the evaporation rate of moisture film.In identical environment
Under conditions of the m/s of wind speed 1.0 and envionmental humidity 65%, measure the time required to water evaporates at different temperatures.
Table 1 compares 1 and drips (about 0.03 g) in 10 × 10 cm2On ceramic membrane (sample #1) and in 10 × 10 cm2Aluminium
On paper tinsel the time required to (sample #2) evaporating completely (temperature refers to the temperature of ceramic membrane surface and aluminium foil surface).
As seen from the data in Table 1, within the temperature range of 20-90 DEG C, the evaporation rate of moisture film is water droplet evaporation rate
More than 10 times.Especially at 20 DEG C, moisture film only need 4-5 min can evaporating completely, and water droplet then at least need 60 min with
It is upper to evaporate completely.
Table 1：
Under conditions of identical envionmental humidity 65%, measurement water steams at a temperature of varying environment wind speed, different surfaces
The time required to hair.
Table 2 compares 1 and drips (about 0.03 g) in 10 × 10 cm2On ceramic membrane (sample #1) and in 10 × 10cm2Aluminium foil
The time required to upper (sample #2) evaporating completely (temperature refers to the temperature of ceramic membrane surface and aluminium foil surface).
Table 2：
The application one of ceramic membrane:
As shown in figure 1, being the refrigerator structure chart based on ceramic membrane, the refrigeration principle is in metal（It is aluminium, copper, stainless
Steel etc.）The inwall for being evaporated in vacuo chamber 1 has a ceramic membrane, appropriate water is controlled by magnetic valve 2 evaporation cavity 1 is entered by water inlet pipe 3 after,
Forming moisture film on ceramic membrane rapidly, the contact surface of moisture film and vacuum is very big, and evaporation is changed into gas quickly under vacuum conditions, from
Escape pipe 4 extracts evaporation cavity out by water and gas dual-purpose pump 5 and reaches header tank 6.Then water droplet is inputted by water inlet pipe 3 again, in evaporation cavity
The process that moisture film is formed, evaporates, discharged is repeated, is so moved in circles, the cycle of circulation is controlled by the open and close of magnetic valve
System.Largely absorbed heat from environment during water film evaporation, such as 1.0 g water evaporations will absorb the heat more than 2000 J, absorb heat
100 g aluminium flake can be made to cool 10 DEG C.Therefore the rapid evaporation of moisture film causes the temperature on evaporation cavity surface to be decreased obviously, the drop
Temperature effect is delivered in surrounding air by fin again, so as to reach the refrigeration for reducing environment temperature.
Specifically, it is made an aluminum evaporation cavity, inside cavity volume is the cm of the cm of 12 cm × 6 × 2, when moisture film exists
Highest negative pressure is when being evaporated under 80 KPa vacuum, to generate obvious absorbing and cooling temperature effect：In 2-3 min, cavity
Hull-skin temperature has been rapidly decreased to 14 DEG C by original 25 DEG C, and cooling extent is more than 10 DEG C.
In above-mentioned process of refrigerastion, ceramic membrane serves key effect：First, the moisture film formed on ceramic membrane, it is thick
Degree can be thin to 10 μm, this reduce moisture film thickness direction thermograde, can fast endothermic evaporation.If moisture film is thick
Spend greatly, due to the thermal conductivity factor very little of water（It is about 0.6 W/m.K at 20 DEG C）, thickness direction thermograde can it is very big,
Heat transfer can be very slow, so as to influence the heat absorption evaporation rate of water.Second, ceramic membrane and aluminium（Or aluminium alloy）The average heat conduction of substrate
Coefficient rate is up to 200 W/m.K, and good thermal conductivity ensure that moisture film can make cavity appearance from evaporation cavity surface fast endothermic
The temperature of face and connected fin is decreased obviously, and reaches the purpose of refrigeration.
The application two of ceramic membrane
Desalinization principle and device and refrigerator principle and structure based on ceramic membrane are much like, true also in one
Being prepared on the inwall of cavity body has ceramic membrane, appropriate seawater is introduced into vacuum cavity by aqueduct, seawater is being made pottery after entering cavity
Infiltration is spread out on porcelain film, is maximized with the contact area of vacuum.Simultaneously because the vacuum in cavity, the moisture in seawater is rapid
Vapor is evaporated to, is sent to via water and gas dual-purpose vacuum pumping in the header tank for being pre-loaded with fresh water.Due to the shape on ceramic membrane
Into moisture film very thin thickness, moisture film is under vacuum conditions in normal temperature（20 – 30 ℃）It can rapidly evaporate, add without extra
Heat heating, and requirement of the water film evaporation to vacuum be not also high, negative pressure is that 80 KPa vacuum can maintain quickly to evaporate
With fresh water collecting.Therefore, it is using the advantages of desalination technology of ceramic membrane：Energy-conserving and environment-protective, constructional device is simple, is easy to tie up
Shield, cost is low, and used ceramic membrane can clean Posterior circle utilization, and resulting fresh water purity is high.In this desalination technology,
The evaporation of seawater can be carried out in normal temperature, both not need expensive reverse osmosis membrane, it is not required that expend too many electric energy sea
Water is heated to boiling point and is evaporated.
The application three of ceramic membrane
Ceramic membrane is used as needing the existing excellent electrical insulating property of ceramic membrane during the heat conduction and heat radiation film of electronic product, keeps good again
Good thermal conductivity, therefore need to handle ceramic membrane accordingly, the processing comprises the following steps：First by ceramic membrane in water
Glass（Na2SiO3·9H2O）20-40 min are impregnated in solution, spend the min of heating, drying 20-40 at 100 DEG C after taking out.
Then ceramic membrane is impregnated into 20-40 min in heat-conducting resin solution, takes out and spend the min of heating, drying 60 at 80 DEG C.At above
Reason step is to close the capillary in ceramic membrane to come, and the electrical insulation capability and heat conductivility of ceramic membrane is enhanced, in of the invention
Ceramic membrane be a kind of new heat conduction and heat radiation material, rigors of all kinds of electrical equipments to radiating can be met.
The present invention still has a variety of specific embodiments, all skills formed using equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
Art scheme, all falls within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the ceramic membrane with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, it is characterised in that：The ceramic film thickness is 10nm
~600 μm, the ceramic membrane includes an aluminium compound substrate, the base membrane layer being attached in the substrate, and the base membrane layer is oxygen
Change aluminium ceramic layer, the perforated membrane that it is 0.1-1.2mm with average capillary radius that the ceramic membrane, which is, the hydrophilic table of ceramic membrane
Face can be such that the water droplet of unit mass spreads out completely, form area and be not less than 300cm2/ g moisture film；And water-wetted surface can make moisture
Son overcomes self gravitation, is not less than 3.0cm in the height of vertical direction self climbing；
Wherein described capillary radius passes through formula between 0.1-1.2mmCalculate the flat of ceramic membrane inner capillary tube
Equal radius r, h is suck-back height of the water in vertical direction in the formula, and α=72.8mN/m is the surface tension coefficient of water；θ=
20 ° of contact angles for liquid level in capillary；ρ=1000kg/m3For the density of water；G=9.8m/s2For acceleration of gravity, r is obtained
=0.1mm, the ceramic membrane of different-thickness prepared in the present invention, heterogeneity is measured using the above method and calculated
Go out；
The preparation method of the above-described ceramic membrane with capillary structure, comprises the following steps,
S1, substrate pretreatment；
S11, substrate degreasing：Base material is put into 5%~20% sulfuric acid tank, degreasing, taken out after 3min~5min；The base material
For aluminium base or aluminum alloy base material；
S12, wash for the first time：Aluminium base is rinsed repeatedly with running water, ensures the pH value ＞ 5 on aluminium base surface；
S13, alkali cleaning：It is 45kg/m that base material after first time is washed, which is put into concentration,3~55kg/m3, temperature is 40 DEG C~60 DEG C
In sodium hydroxide solution, alkali cleaning 4min~8min；
S14, wash for second：Aluminium base is rinsed repeatedly with running water, is taken out after rinsing 2min~4min；
S15, third time are washed：Aluminium base is rinsed repeatedly with running water, is rinsed 2min~4min, is taken out after pH value ＞ 5；
S16, anodic oxidation：Sequentially cleaned, aoxidized with alkaline electrolyte, acidic electrolysis bath, promote metal aluminium base table
Face generation has hole height, the strong pellumina of adsorption capacity, and the aluminum oxide film thickness is 0.3~30 μm；
S17, the 4th washing：Pellumina Jing Guo anodic oxidation is rinsed repeatedly with running water, after rinsing 2min~4min
Take out, then with deionized water rinsing 1min~2min；
S18, drying：The aluminium base after chemical oxidation is taken out, is dried after deionized water is rinsed repeatedly；
S2, alumina ceramic layer coating step；
S21, material powder prepare；Alpha-alumina, organic pore former, sintering aid and other batch ingredients are claimed in proportion
Amount proportioning：The Alpha-alumina mass percent is 60%-70%, and particle diameter is 5-30 μm, the organic pore former quality percentage
Than being 3-35 μm for 30%-40%, particle diameter；The Alpha-alumina, organic pore former, sintering aid and other batch ingredients are total
Match as 100%；
S22, raw material mixing：First by Alpha-alumina, organic pore former it is well mixed after, then with sintering aid and other batch ingredients
Mixing：Alpha-alumina and organic pore former are 70-90%, the sintering aid and other batch ingredients are 10-30% mixing；
S23, mix grinding stirring：The a diameter of 5-12mm of 20-30 grains aluminium oxide ceramic ball or steel ball is added in mixed-powder, mixed
Mix grinding 1-3h on material machine；
S24, shaping：Mixed material is loaded low-temperature prewarming shaping is carried out in mould, the preheating forming temperature is 180-250
℃；
S25, intermediate sintering temperature and pore-forming；Product after shaping is transferred in intermediate sintering temperature stove, is heated to 600 DEG C, the moderate oven
Heat time be 2-3h, be incubated 1-2h, then cool to less than 100 DEG C with the furnace, finally taken out from stove it is last made from
Porous ceramics.
2. the ceramic membrane according to claim 1 with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, it is characterised in that：Institute
In the anodization step for stating S16, the electrolyte includes acidic electrolysis bath and alkaline electrolyte, the acidic electrolysis bath proportioning
For：Formic acid mass percent 20~40%；Oxalic acid mass percent 30~50%；Malonic acid mass percent 30~50%；Sulphur
Sour nickel mass percent 0~10%, processing parameter are：Oxidation voltage is 20~80V, and current density is 2.0~3.5A/dm2, place
The reason time is 0.5~3h, and treatment temperature is 10~25 DEG C.
3. the ceramic membrane according to claim 1 with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, it is characterised in that：Institute
To state and air circulating oven or flattening oven are used in S24 low temperature mouldings, the air circulating oven preheating forming temperature is 180-250 DEG C,
The low temperature moulding time is 8-12min；The flattening oven preheating forming temperature is 180-250 DEG C, and the low temperature moulding time is 3-5min.
4. the ceramic membrane according to claim 1 with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, it is characterised in that：Institute
The first time washing washing time stated in S12 is 2min~4min.
5. the ceramic membrane according to claim 1 with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is dispersion solvent to state other batch of materials in S21.
6. the ceramic membrane according to claim 1 with capillary structure and super dehumidifier wetting property, it is characterised in that：Institute
The batch mixer for stating S23 is the batch mixer of V-structure, and batch mixing speed is 100-150r/min.
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