CN105620008B - Unidirectional laminate and preparation method thereof and system, laminated cloth and protective article - Google Patents

Unidirectional laminate and preparation method thereof and system, laminated cloth and protective article Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105620008B
CN105620008B CN201510566792.3A CN201510566792A CN105620008B CN 105620008 B CN105620008 B CN 105620008B CN 201510566792 A CN201510566792 A CN 201510566792A CN 105620008 B CN105620008 B CN 105620008B
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China
Prior art keywords
adjacent
molecular weight
weight polyethylene
high molecular
unidirectional laminate
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CN201510566792.3A
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CN105620008A (en
Inventor
姬长干
张玉保
满长阵
曹东风
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Zhengzhou Zhongyuan Defense Material Co ltd
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Zhengzhou Zhongyuan Defense Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN201510566792.3A priority Critical patent/CN105620008B/en
Publication of CN105620008A publication Critical patent/CN105620008A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/098257 priority patent/WO2017041705A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of unidirectional laminate and preparation method thereof and system, laminated cloth and protective article, wherein, system includes：Prepare control subsystem, for preparing multiple individual layers, wherein, any individual layer is made by the way of multi-disc ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or band is continuously sprawled successively, and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the adjacent of band continuously sprawled per two panels are an adjacent area；Gluing control subsystem, adhesive is coated with least one side in an at least individual layer；Bond control subsystem, for being coated with the face of adhesive using at least one as adjacent surface, offset one from another in each adjacent area of an individual layer with each adjacent area of adjacent another individual layer, multiple individual layers are parallel and any two adjacent monolayers at least it is local it is overlapping in the state of, be a unidirectional laminate by multiple monolayer adhesives.The application efficiency high simple and easy to apply, unidirectional laminate, laminated cloth and protective article have the advantages that lightweight, the good, barrier propterty of rigidity is good, are widely used.

Description

Unidirectional laminate, preparation method and system thereof, non-woven fabric and protective product
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of application of high polymer materials, in particular to a unidirectional laminate, a preparation method and a system thereof, a piece of non-woven fabric and a protective product.
Background
Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMW-PE) is a thermoplastic engineering plastic with a linear structure and excellent comprehensive performance, and High-strength fibers prepared from the material are one of the most important applications.
The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) fiber is a synthetic fiber, the molecular structure of the fiber has very high straightening parallelism and orientation degree, and the molecular structure determines that the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has very high strength and modulus and has the advantages of good chemical stability, corrosion resistance and the like. The above characteristics of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) fiber exceed aramid fiber plain laminate, and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) fiber is widely applied to the fields of military and police bulletproof protection, and becomes a mainstream material in the field for replacing the traditional steel structure bulletproof material.
Laminates with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers as tapes are typically prepared by the following process; a plurality of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers are uniformly, parallelly, straightly arranged along one direction by treatment, binding is carried out by taking a binding wire as a warp or a weft to form a single layer, the melting temperature T1 of the binding wire is lower than the melting point T2 of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and then the single layer is subjected to hot pressing consolidation by adopting a temperature T3 between T1 and T2. Multiple monolayers are prepared in the same manner and are stacked to produce the desired laminate. The technology has the advantages of complex and fussy treatment process and low efficiency for the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
A brief summary of the present application is provided below in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the application or to delineate the scope of the application. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
The embodiment of the application provides a unidirectional laminate, a preparation method and a system thereof, a non-woven fabric and a protective product.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a production system of a unidirectional laminate, comprising:
a preparation control subsystem, a gluing control subsystem and an adhesion control subsystem which are sequentially arranged according to the preparation process of the unidirectional laminate; wherein,
the preparation control subsystem is used for preparing a plurality of single layers, wherein any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, and the adjacent position of every two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips is an adjacent region;
the gluing control subsystem is used for coating a gluing agent on at least one surface of at least one single layer;
the adhesion control subsystem is used for adhering the single layers into a unidirectional laminate by taking at least one surface coated with the adhesive as an adjacent surface and under the conditions that each adjacent region of one single layer and each adjacent region of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method of producing a unidirectional laminate, comprising:
preparing a plurality of single layers, wherein any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, and the adjacent position of each two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips is an adjacent region;
applying a binder to at least one side of the at least one monolayer;
and bonding the single layers into a unidirectional laminate by taking at least one surface coated with the adhesive as an adjacent surface and in the state that each adjacent area of one single layer and each adjacent area of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a unidirectional laminate which can be produced based on the production system of a unidirectional laminate according to the first aspect of the present invention as described above, or which can be produced based on the production method of a unidirectional laminate according to the second aspect of the present invention as described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a unidirectional laminate, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of individual layers which are respectively parallel and bonded, wherein any two adjacent individual layers of the plurality of individual layers have at least one face coated with a binder as an adjacent face and the adjacent regions of one individual layer are offset from the adjacent regions of the other adjacent individual layer,
the single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, the adjacent position of every two ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips which are continuously spread is the adjacent region, and at least one surface of at least one single layer is coated with an adhesive.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laid fabric, characterized in that the laid fabric is composed of at least two unidirectional laminates which are laminated together at a certain crossing angle, and the unidirectional laminates can use the unidirectional laminates as described above according to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention.
The preparation method of the unidirectional laminate provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of simple and easy process, high production efficiency and low requirement on equipment precision, and is beneficial to reducing equipment acquisition cost. In the preparation process of the unidirectional laminate, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips can be used as a whole, and a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips are sequentially and continuously spread in parallel according to a certain direction, so that the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips are in a straight state along the same direction to form a single layer, and the prepared single layer is soft and has high tensile strength; after each single layer is prepared, at least one surface coated with an adhesive is taken as an adjacent surface, the single layers are bonded into a unidirectional laminate under the conditions that each adjacent region of one single layer and each adjacent region of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
In addition, the non-woven fabric made of the unidirectional laminate provided by the embodiment of the application has light weight and good bullet resistance, puncture resistance and other performances, and can be widely applied to protective products such as bullet-proof inserting plates, bullet-proof helmets, armor backings, helicopter seats, cabin doors or other types of protective products.
The protective product provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of light weight, good impact resistance and bulletproof performance and the like, and is wide in application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a system for making a unidirectional laminate provided in the examples herein;
FIG. 1b is a schematic view of another embodiment of a system for making a unidirectional laminate provided in the present application;
FIG. 2a is a structural example based on a single layer formed by parallel spreading of multiple ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes provided by the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2b is another example of a structure based on a single layer formed by parallel spreading of multiple ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes provided by the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a unidirectional laminate provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of yet another unidirectional laminate manufacturing system provided in the examples herein;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of making a unidirectional laminate provided in an embodiment of the present application; and
fig. 6 is a structural example of a weftless fabric provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1a, the present application provides a system for preparing a unidirectional laminate, including: the preparation control subsystem 1, the gluing control subsystem 2 and the bonding control subsystem 3 are sequentially arranged according to the preparation process of the unidirectional laminate. The preparation control subsystem 1 is used for preparing a plurality of single layers, wherein any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, and the adjacent position of every two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips is an adjacent region. The glue control subsystem 2 is used to apply glue on at least one side of at least one single layer. The adhesion control subsystem 3 is used for adhering the single layers into a unidirectional laminate by taking at least one surface coated with an adhesive as an adjacent surface and under the conditions that the adjacent regions of one single layer and the adjacent regions of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
The number of individual layers required to make the unidirectional laminate can be determined as desired. The preparation of the unidirectional laminate by two single layers is taken as an example for illustration, the preparation control subsystem 1 prepares two single layers and respectively transmits the two single layers to the gluing control subsystem 2, the gluing control subsystem 2 coats the glue on at least one surface of at least one single layer, then at least one surface coated with the glue is taken as an adjacent surface, and the two single layers are transmitted to the bonding control subsystem for bonding under the state that the adjacent regions of one single layer and the adjacent regions of the other single layer are staggered, parallel and at least partially overlapped, so as to obtain the unidirectional laminate. In practical application, three or more single layers can be bonded into a unidirectional laminate by the above similar method under the condition that each adjacent region of one single layer is staggered with each adjacent region of the other adjacent single layer, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
Therefore, the preparation of the unidirectional laminate is carried out by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the whole preparation processes of the unidirectional laminate such as single-layer preparation, gluing and bonding of a plurality of single layers are continuously carried out, the intermediate process does not need to be stopped or transited, the scheme is simple and easy to implement, the operation is convenient, and the preparation efficiency of the unidirectional laminate is greatly improved; in addition, the prepared single layer is soft and has higher tensile strength, and the unidirectional laminate obtained by bonding a plurality of single layers is prepared by taking at least one surface coated with an adhesive as an adjacent surface, staggering each adjacent area of one single layer and each adjacent area of the other adjacent single layer, respectively enabling the single layers to be parallel, and enabling any two adjacent single layers to be at least partially overlapped.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the single-layer preparation material is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film is a thin sheet which is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and has certain width and thickness, and the width is far greater than the thickness. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene strip can be independently prepared or can be a strip-shaped thin sheet formed by slitting processes before and after the film is stretched, the width of the strip is smaller than that of the film, and the thickness of the strip is equal to or larger than that of the film. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape provided by the application is different from the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and a plane formed by cementing a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and the obvious difference is as follows: the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape provided by the application has a certain width and thickness, and is an integral structure without a bonding point or a cutting line.
Multiple ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes can be sequentially and continuously spread in parallel according to a certain direction, so that the multiple ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes are in a stretched state along the same direction to form a single layer.
In any single layer, at least two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes are at least partially overlapped, or adjacent to each other, or the gap between the two films or tapes is smaller than a set threshold value, and the like, that is, in any single layer, at least one adjacent region is a partially overlapped region, an adjacent region or a gap smaller than a set threshold value of two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, as shown in fig. 2 a-2 b, which can be determined specifically according to actual needs, and the implementation mode is very flexible.
In the plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes included in any single layer, at least two ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes have the same or different widths, and the realization mode is very flexible.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2a and fig. 2b, the width of each ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape included in any single layer is the same, and the preparation direction of each single layer in the scheme is the same, so that the control and material selection are convenient. For example, two monolayers can be prepared separately in the same manner, and bonded together in a unidirectional laminate with the monolayers parallel one above the other and with adjacent regions offset from one another.
Alternatively, in the alternative, some of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes in each monolayer may be wider and some of the ultra-high molecular weight poly-ethylene films or tapes in each monolayer may be narrower, and in the scheme, the arrangement order of the wider and narrower ultra-high molecular weight poly-ethylene films or tapes may be different during the preparation of the different monolayers, so that the material utilization rate is high, for example, as shown in fig. 3, the narrower ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape in the upper monolayer is located at the inner side, and the narrower ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape in the lower monolayer is located at the outer side, so that the two monolayers thus prepared may be parallel to each other and completely overlapped and bonded to form a unidirectional laminate, and the respective adjacent regions of the two monolayers are staggered and have no gaps.
After the individual layers have been prepared, the adhesion control subsystem bonds the individual layers to one another with at least one face coated with an adhesive as the adjacent face, with the adjacent regions of one individual layer being offset from the adjacent regions of the other adjacent individual layer, with the individual layers being parallel to one another, and with any two adjacent individual layers at least partially overlapping, the advantage of this treatment consisting at least in the gaps between two adjacent ultra high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes in one individual layer being compensated for by the adjacent other individual layer, thereby forming an overall seamless unidirectional laminate, as shown in fig. 3 for an alternative example. Due to the fact that the single-layer material (the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tapes) is very thin, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can effectively improve the thickness and the rigidity of the unidirectional laminate, and greatly improves the overall appearance, the quality and the performance of the unidirectional laminate. In addition, in the process of preparing the unidirectional laminate by adopting the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, each ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or strip in each single layer is in a straight state in the same arrangement direction, no interweaving or interpenetration exists between the layers, and the whole preparation process does not need to carry out hot pressing and other treatments on each single layer, so that the damage probability of the performance of each single layer of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or strip is reduced in the preparation process of the unidirectional laminate, the performance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or strip is favorably fully utilized, and the mechanical properties of the unidirectional laminate such as stretching, tensile strength and impact resistance are improved. In addition, in the preparation process of each single layer of the unidirectional laminate prepared in the embodiment of the application, the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape is treated as a whole, the structural integrity is good, the preparation process is simple, the complex process of respectively finishing a plurality of fiber yarns is omitted, the probability of burrs generated on the surface of the film or the tape is obviously reduced, and the probability of phenomena of yarn breakage, twisting, winding and the like in the film or the tape is also obviously reduced, so that the unidirectional laminate prepared is favorably ensured to obtain higher performances in the aspects of strength, bulletproof performance and the like.
The preparation control subsystem 1 can prepare a plurality of single layers simultaneously or in a time-sharing manner, and the implementation mode is very flexible. Optionally, as shown in fig. 1b, the preparation control subsystem 1 includes multiple sets of unwinding devices 11 for respectively preparing multiple single layers, unwinding directions of the multiple sets of unwinding devices 11 are parallel, and projections of two single layers respectively unwound by two sets of unwinding devices at least partially overlap. By adopting the scheme, a plurality of single layers can be simultaneously prepared by a plurality of sets of unwinding devices, and subsequent process control such as adjacent region staggering, bonding and the like is facilitated, so that the automatic continuous preparation of the unidirectional laminate is facilitated.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, any unwinding device 11 includes at least one unwinding shaft 111, and each unwinding shaft 111 is sequentially sleeved with a plurality of bobbins. Each bobbin can be wound with an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or a tape, and the plurality of bobbins on the unwinding shaft 111 are controlled to unwind respectively, which is equivalent to continuously spreading the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes of the bobbins in sequence, so that the unwinding efficiency is improved.
Alternatively, the unwinding device may include two unwinding shafts 11 arranged in parallel, for example, the two unwinding shafts 11 may be arranged in parallel up and down. In the practical use process, one unwinding shaft 11 can be used as a working unwinding shaft, and the other unwinding shaft 11 can be used as a standby unwinding shaft, so that the structure is compact, and the interruption time or the probability of failure caused by reel replacement can be reduced as much as possible. Or, in the practical application process, through the mutual cooperation of the two unreeling shafts 11, for example, each unreeling shaft is sequentially sleeved with a plurality of bobbins, the width of each bobbin is greater than or equal to the width of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes respectively wound on the bobbins sleeved at the staggered positions of the two unreeling shafts can be unreeled, for example, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes wound on the bobbin with the odd number of one unreeling shaft and the bobbin with the even number of the other unreeling shaft are unreeled at the same time, so as to sequentially and continuously spread the plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, thereby realizing that any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes in a single layer are paved with a gap or overlap as small as possible, so that any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films, Or adjacent to each other, or the gap between the two films is smaller than a set threshold value, namely any two ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes are laid with the smallest gap or part overlapped, thereby improving the integrity of the prepared monolayer.
The surface inertness of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape can be effectively reduced through surface modification treatment, and the adhesive force between the adhesive and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape is improved. The surface modification treatment mode of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the strip can be determined according to actual needs, for example, but not limited to, a plasma treatment method, a radiation surface grafting method, a corona discharge treatment method, a chemical crosslinking treatment method and the like can be adopted, and the realization mode is very flexible. In combination with any one of the systems for producing unidirectional laminates provided in the embodiments of the present application, optionally, the system for producing unidirectional laminates may further include a surface modification treatment subsystem 4. The surface modification treatment subsystem 4 is arranged between the preparation control subsystem 1 and the gluing control subsystem 2 and is used for carrying out surface modification treatment on at least one surface of at least one single layer. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out surface modification treatment on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape by adopting a corona discharge treatment method and the like, namely carrying out corona treatment on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape to be coated with the adhesive, wherein the treatment method is simple and convenient to control, and the surface modification effect is good. The surface modification treatment subsystem 4 may include at least one set of surface modification treatment equipment. Optionally, the number of the surface modification treatment devices is the same as that of the unwinding devices and is correspondingly set so as to perform surface modification treatment on at least one surface of the single layer discharged by the corresponding unwinding device. Or, optionally, the number of the surface modification treatment devices may be less than that of the unwinding devices, so that multiple sets of unwinding devices share one surface modification treatment device. Optionally, the surface modification can be realized by a corona method, the corona power is 0.1-3 Kw, and the surface modification treatment is carried out on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape by adopting the power range, so that the surface inertia of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape can be effectively reduced on the basis of not damaging the surface performance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape, and the bonding force between the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape and the adhesive is improved. Further, the power of corona treatment is 0.3 Kw-2 Kw, preferably, the power of corona treatment is 0.5 Kw-1 Kw, and the efficiency and effect of surface treatment of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape can be further improved by continuously optimizing the power control parameter of corona treatment, so that the adhesive force of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape and an adhesive coated on the surface of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape is further improved, and the adhesive force among the single layers of the unidirectional laminate is also favorably improved.
The gluing control subsystem 2 can include a plurality of sets of gluing devices 20, and the gluing devices 20 can control gluing by means of, but not limited to, a doctor blade, spraying, dipping, hot melt adhesive transfer, micro gravure (micro gravure) and the like, and the implementation manner is very flexible. Optionally, the number of the gluing devices 20 is the same as that of the unwinding devices 11 and is correspondingly set so as to glue at least one side of the single layer discharged by the corresponding unwinding device. Or, optionally, the number of the gluing devices may be less than that of the unwinding devices, so that multiple sets of unwinding devices share one gluing device.
Alternatively, the glue application device 20 may be, but is not limited to, a dimple application control device 21, i.e. the glue application control subsystem 2 comprises at least one dimple application control device 21 for applying glue to at least one side of at least one monolayer by means of dimple application. The dimple coating control device 21 can use a reticulate coating roller with a diameter generally between phi 20mm and phi 50mm to perform reverse and contact coating of the adhesive, i.e. the rotation direction of the coating roller is opposite to the feeding direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or strip, compared with the traditional gravure coating mode, the dimple coating mode does not need a back pressure roller, so that the defects of offset printing, wrinkling and the like cannot be formed on the coating surface, the edge of the coating film can be coated with the adhesive, particularly, the single-layer structure provided by the embodiment of the application can precisely, effectively and conveniently control the content of the adhesive on the surface of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or strip, and the faults of roller sticking, roller winding, filament breakage and the like caused by improper coating of the adhesive can be avoided as much as possible.
The binder may include, but is not limited to, a mixture of one or more of the following: polystyrene isoprene copolymer, polystyrene triblock copolymer, hydrogenated polystyrene triblock copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, and polyurethane emulsion. The adhesive does not influence the performance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the strip, and is beneficial to the adhesion of the adjacent single-layer ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the strip under certain conditions. Preferably, the binder comprises one or a mixture of: kraton D1161, G1650, Estane 5703 and polyurethane emulsion, which are convenient to obtain materials, and the performance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape cannot be damaged in the gluing process. The content of the adhesive refers to the weight ratio of the coated adhesive to the single ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the single strip coated with the adhesive, and optionally, the content of the adhesive is 0.3-20%, preferably, the content of the adhesive is 1-15%, further preferably, the content of the adhesive is 3-12%, and by controlling the content of the adhesive coated on the surface of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the single strip to the preferable range as possible, the adhesive force between different single layers of the unidirectional laminate can be improved under the condition that the amount of the adhesive is as small as possible.
In combination with any one of the systems for producing unidirectional laminates provided in the embodiments of the present application, optionally, the system for producing unidirectional laminates may further include an oven 5. The oven 5 is arranged between the gluing control subsystem 2 and the bonding control subsystem 3 and is used for drying the single layer coated with the adhesive. The scheme can share one set of oven to simplify the system structure, reduce the cost and improve the equipment utilization rate. Optionally, the oven 5 is configured to perform a drying process on the single layer in a state where the side coated with the adhesive faces upward through an oven, that is, the single layer in a state where the side coated with the adhesive faces upward is conveyed through the oven 5 to perform the drying process. This scheme is drying process in-process, and the one side that will treat drying process's single-layer coating has the adhesive dries up, is favorable to solvent or the moisture in the glue solution to volatilize, improves drying efficiency, and the glue solution can not glue on the bearing roller in the oven, has reduced the trouble incidence. The temperature of the oven may be below the melting point of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape so as to not damage the properties of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape as much as possible during drying of the glue. Optionally, the drying temperature of the oven is lower than 150 ℃, further, the drying temperature of the oven is lower than 120 ℃, preferably, the drying temperature of the oven is lower than 100 ℃, and by reasonably setting the drying temperature of the oven, balance can be carried out between the drying efficiency of the adhesive and the performance protection of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape, and the like, so as to obtain better product performance.
Optionally, the single layers conveyed out by the oven 5 can be bonded together by using the residual heat of the drying treatment or the tension of the whole machine, thereby reducing the possible damage to the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the raw material of the strip as much as possible.
Or, the single layers after the glue coating control (including the single layers after being dried by the oven 5, and also including the single layers without being dried by the oven) can be bonded under certain hot pressing conditions. Optionally, the adhesion control subsystem 3 comprises: and a hot press control device 31. The hot-press control device 31 is used for bonding the single layers into a unidirectional laminate under the control conditions that the temperature is less than or equal to 150 ℃ and the linear pressure is less than or equal to 5Mpa, at least one surface coated with the adhesive is taken as an adjacent surface, and the adjacent regions of one single layer and the adjacent regions of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped. This scheme is favorable to improving the adhesive force between two monolayers for two monolayers are difficult for dispersing when receiving external force and assault.
Further, the hot press control means 31 may include a hot roll and a press roll, and the single layers in which each adjacent region of one single layer and each adjacent region of the other adjacent single layer are staggered from each other, the single layers are parallel and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped, and at least one surface coated with a binder is an adjacent surface are transferred through the hot roll having a temperature of 150 ℃ or less, and a linear pressure of 5MPa or less is applied thereto through the press roll. The scheme realizes the hot-pressing control of the unidirectional laminate through the matching of the hot roller and the compression roller, and the operation control is simple and convenient. The pressure roller may include, but is not limited to, a rubber roller. The pressing roller can be acted by a power mechanism such as an air cylinder, the pressing roller and the hot roller are pressed to apply pressure to the unidirectional laminate between the pressing roller and the hot roller, the rubber roller is used as the pressing roller, the heat transfer amount is reduced, certain buffering is achieved, and the damage to the surface of the unidirectional laminate in the hot pressing process is reduced as far as possible.
Alternatively, the hot-press control means 31 may comprise two hot rolls, the single layers, in which adjacent regions of one single layer and adjacent regions of another single layer are offset from each other, the single layers are parallel and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped and have at least one face coated with a binder as an adjacent face, are conveyed through a hot roll at a temperature of 150 ℃ or less and a line pressure of 5Mpa or less is applied thereto through another hot roll to bond the single layers into a unidirectional laminate. According to the scheme, the hot-pressing control of the unidirectional laminate is realized through the matching of the two hot rollers, and the operation control is simple and convenient.
The heating roller can include but not limited to a heating steel roller, the heating mode of the heating steel roller can include but not limited to electric heating, oil heating, electromagnetic heating and the like, and the heating steel roller is correspondingly called as an electric heating steel roller, an oil heating steel roller or an electromagnetic heating steel roller, and the heating steel roller is simple and convenient to control and high in heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the surface of the hot roller can be provided with an anti-sticking layer, which is equivalent to the anti-sticking treatment of the surface of the hot roller, and the anti-sticking layer can include but is not limited to a Teflon layer formed by coating on the surface of the hot roller, or a substance with anti-sticking effect such as release paper and the like is wound on the surface of the hot roller, so that the adhesion on the surface of the hot roller due to the reasons of softening of a binding agent by heating and the like in the heating process is avoided, and therefore, the failure rate is reduced, the maintenance period.
In combination with any one of the systems for producing unidirectional laminates provided in the embodiments of the present application, optionally, the system for producing unidirectional laminates may further include: and a cooling treatment subsystem 6, wherein the cooling treatment subsystem 6 is used for cooling the unidirectional laminate treated by the bonding control subsystem. The cooling process efficiency of the unidirectional laminate may be improved by the cooling process subsystem. Further, the cooling treatment subsystem may include at least one cooling roller 61, and the unidirectional laminate treated by the adhesion control subsystem is conveyed by the cooling roller 61 to be cooled during the conveyance. For example, the at least one cooling roller 61 may include at least 2 cooling rollers arranged in sequence, and the unidirectional laminate processed by the adhesion control subsystem is sequentially conveyed forward (i.e., conveyed to the next process) through the at least 2 cooling rollers, and the heat of the unidirectional laminate is partially transferred to each cooling roller, and the cooling effect is ensured by performing multi-stage cooling through a plurality of cooling rollers. In addition, optionally, the cooling processing subsystem further includes a cooling medium circulation pipeline, and the cooling medium circulation pipeline is disposed on the at least one cooling roller and is used for cooling the unidirectional laminate transmitted by the cooling roller through a cooling medium. The refrigerant circulation pipeline can be used as but not limited to a cooling accompanying pipeline of the cooling roller, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved through the refrigerant circulation pipeline, so that the cooling effect is ensured. The refrigerant can be selected according to actual needs, and correspondingly, the refrigerant circulating pipeline can be correspondingly designed according to the performance of the refrigerant. Optionally, the cooling medium may include but is not limited to cold water, the cold water may include but is not limited to water not exceeding normal temperature, such as tap water not exceeding 25 ℃, the cold water flows back in a circulating manner after sequentially flowing through the cooling rollers, and is circulated repeatedly, so that the cooling efficiency can be effectively improved, and the scheme is simple, convenient and easy to implement and has a good cooling effect.
In combination with any one of the systems for producing unidirectional laminates provided in the embodiments of the present application, optionally, the system for producing unidirectional laminates may further include: and the winding device 7 is used for winding the unidirectional laminate processed by the bonding control subsystem or the unidirectional laminate processed by the cooling processing subsystem. Through the matching of the unwinding device and the winding device, the automatic unwinding of raw materials (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes) of a preparation system and the automatic winding of the unidirectional laminate can be realized, so that the preparation processes of unwinding of the raw materials, single-layer preparation, gluing, bonding, winding of the unidirectional laminate and the like are continuously and automatically carried out, the intermediate process does not need to be stopped or filtered, the scheme is simple and easy to implement, the operation is convenient, and the preparation efficiency of the unidirectional laminate is further improved.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape, the single layer or the unidirectional laminate from the unreeling device to the reeling device can be in a stress state with certain tension, so that the advantage of processing is that the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape is in a state that the surface is straightened and parallel and has no wrinkles when unreeling through controlling the single layer or the unidirectional laminate to certain tension, the precise control of gluing is facilitated, and the single layer is bonded better.
In order to facilitate accurate and/or flexible tension adjustment, optionally, any unwinding device 111 further includes at least one slip shaft and at least one set of guide rollers, the slip shaft is correspondingly disposed on the unwinding shaft, and the guide rollers and the bobbin are correspondingly disposed. Each set of guide rollers can comprise a plurality of guide rollers, each unreeling shaft can comprise at least one set of bobbin, each set of bobbin comprises a plurality of bobbins, and optionally, the guide rollers and the bobbins are correspondingly arranged. At least by controlling the force applied by the slip shaft arranged on the unreeling shaft to each bobbin sleeved on the unreeling shaft and/or the position and/or the number of the guide rollers arranged corresponding to the bobbin, the stress state of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape wound by the unreeling shaft to each bobbin is adjusted to be in a certain tension. That is, the tension can be changed by adjusting the slip shaft of the unwinding device and the rotation speed of the guide roller on the basis of the forward power provided by the equipment (such as the cooling control subsystem, the winding device, etc.) located at the subsequent process after unwinding. Due to the adoption of the scheme that the slip shaft is matched with the guide roller, the tension of a plurality of winding drums can be uniformly adjusted, and the tension of different winding drums can be independently adjusted, so that the accuracy and/or flexibility of tension adjustment are/is improved. Alternatively, the tension is in the range of 0.1 g/denier to 8 g/denier, further in the range of 0.4 g/denier to 5 g/denier, preferably in the range of 0.5 g/denier to 3 g/denier, and by continuously optimizing the tension control parameters, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape can be stretched without impairing the properties of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape, thereby avoiding processes such as monolayer preparation, gluing and/or bonding of different monolayers of the unidirectional laminate, which may be affected by non-stretching or wrinkling of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape.
Optionally, the relevant parameters of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film satisfy one or more of the following conditions: a linear density greater than or equal to 5000 denier; a width greater than or equal to 100 mm; the thickness is less than or equal to 0.2 mm; a breaking strength of greater than or equal to 10 grams per denier; a tensile modulus greater than or equal to 800 g/denier; an elongation at break of 6% or less. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film satisfies one or more of the following conditions: the thickness is 0.001-0.2mm, the breaking strength is 10-50 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 800-2600 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 0.5-6%. Further, preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film has a linear density of 5000-. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film satisfies one or more of the following conditions: the linear density is 5500-20000 denier, the width is 105-300mm, the thickness is 0.008-0.12mm, the breaking strength is 15-45 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 1200-2500 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 1-3%. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film satisfies one or more of the following conditions: the linear density is 6000-12000 denier, the width is 110-220mm, the thickness is 0.01-0.1mm, the breaking strength is 16-42 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 1400-2400 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 1.5-2.5%. By optimizing the setting of the parameters of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film, a higher performance tape for preparing the unidirectional laminate can be obtained, thereby improving the overall performance of the unidirectional laminate.
Optionally, the relevant parameters of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tape meet one or more of the following requirements: the linear density is greater than or equal to 100 denier and less than 5000 denier; the width is 1-100 mm; the thickness is less than or equal to 0.2 mm; a breaking strength of greater than or equal to 10 grams per denier; a tensile modulus greater than or equal to 800 g/denier; an elongation at break of 6% or less. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tape meets one or more of the following requirements: the thickness is 0.001-0.2mm, the breaking strength is 10-50 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 800-2600 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 0.5-6%. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tape meets one or more of the following requirements: the linear density is 150-4000 denier, the width is 2-90mm, the thickness is 0.003-0.1mm, the breaking strength is 12-48 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 1000-2500 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 0.8-4%. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tape meets one or more of the following requirements: the linear density is 200-3500 denier, the width is 3-80mm, the thickness is 0.005-0.06mm, the breaking strength is 15-45 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 1200-2400 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 1-3%. Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene tape meets one or more of the following requirements: the linear density is 300-3000 denier, the width is 5-60mm, the thickness is 0.008-0.03mm, the breaking strength is 16-42 g/denier, the tensile modulus is 1400-2400 g/denier, and the breaking elongation is 1.5-2.5%. By optimizing the setting of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene tape parameters, higher performance tapes for making unidirectional laminates can be obtained, thereby improving the overall performance of the unidirectional laminate.
Optionally, the spreading direction of any ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or tape is the width direction thereof, and preferably, the width direction of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or tape is the molecular chain straightening direction perpendicular to the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or tape. The molecular chain straightening direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or strip is the longitudinal stretching direction of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, which means the direction in which the macromolecular chains of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene are arranged along the longitudinal stress direction after being stretched longitudinally. Because the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene has a linear structure, and the strength of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or strip along the molecular chain extension direction is the maximum, the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or strip is laid along the molecular chain extension direction, so that the strength utilization rate of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or strip is improved, and the strength and other properties of the unidirectional laminate are further improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the present application also provides a method for preparing a unidirectional laminate, including:
s501: preparing a plurality of single layers, wherein any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, and the adjacent position of each two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips is an adjacent area.
S502: a binder is applied to at least one side of the at least one monolayer.
S503: the method comprises the following steps of taking at least one surface coated with an adhesive as an adjacent surface, and bonding a plurality of single layers into a unidirectional laminate under the conditions that each adjacent area of one single layer and each adjacent area of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
The preparation method of the unidirectional laminate provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of simple and easy process, high production efficiency and low requirement on equipment precision, and is beneficial to reducing equipment acquisition cost. In the preparation process of the unidirectional laminate by adopting the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the application, a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips can be sequentially and continuously spread in parallel according to a certain direction, so that the plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips are in a straight state along the same direction to form a single layer, and the prepared single layer is soft and has higher tensile strength; after a plurality of single layers are prepared, at least one surface coated with an adhesive is taken as an adjacent surface, the single layers are bonded into a unidirectional laminate under the conditions that each adjacent region of one single layer and each adjacent region of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped, so that the obtained unidirectional laminate can compensate the defects of each single layer prepared independently to a certain extent (for example, after bonding, adjacent regions such as gaps between adjacent ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene films or strips in one single layer can be compensated by the other adjacent single layer, and the like), so that the obtained unidirectional laminate has good integrity and is beneficial to the subsequent application and processing.
In addition, in the preparation process of each single layer of the unidirectional laminate prepared in the embodiment of the application, the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape is treated as a whole, the structural integrity is good, the preparation process is simple, the complex process of respectively finishing a plurality of fiber yarns is omitted, the probability of burrs generated on the surface of the film or the tape is obviously reduced, and the probability of phenomena of yarn breakage, twisting, winding and the like in the film or the tape is also obviously reduced, so that the unidirectional laminate prepared is favorably ensured to obtain higher performances in the aspects of strength, bulletproof performance and the like.
The single layers can be simultaneously prepared through different unreeling devices, at least one surface of at least one single layer is subjected to gluing treatment after the preparation, and then the single layers are bonded into a whole to obtain the unidirectional laminate under the conditions that adjacent regions of one single layer and adjacent regions of the other single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped. In any two adjacent single layers of the plurality of single layers, at least one surface of at least one single layer is coated with a bonding agent, for example, the upper surface or the lower surface of at least one single layer of the two adjacent single layers is coated with a bonding agent, optionally, the lower surface of at least one single layer is coated with a bonding agent, the precise control of the gluing amount can be carried out by adopting a micro-concave coating mode, and the control of the gluing of the lower surface is the simplest and the most convenient for a gluing control subsystem such as a micro-concave gluing control device. Furthermore, at least one side of each single layer may be coated with a binding agent, for example, the respective lower surface of each single layer may be coated with a binding agent, and the lower surface of the unidirectional laminate thus treated may have a binding agent, which facilitates subsequent application procedures based on unidirectional laminates, for example, for laminating multiple unidirectional laminates to prepare other products, etc.
In any monolayer, at least two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes are at least partially overlapped, or abutted, or the gap between the two is smaller than a set threshold value, as shown in fig. 2 a-2 b. That is, optionally, there is no gap or a small gap between any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, and the gap includes the situation that the edges of two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes are closely adjacent or partially overlapped at the edges. Because the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the belt has certain deviation, the condition that the edges are closely adjacent and have no gap means that the edges are closely adjacent and have no gap within a certain deviation allowable range. By laying a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips into a seamless single layer, the compactness of the unidirectional laminate is improved. Optionally, a small gap may be left between any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, and the gap is less than or equal to 10mm, and such a gap can provide a certain tightness of the unidirectional laminate, and is also beneficial to reducing the precision requirement of the preparation process. Further, the gap is less than or equal to 5mm, preferably less than or equal to 3mm, and preferably less than or equal to 2mm, and a better balance point between the precision of the manufacturing process and the performance of the unidirectional laminate can be obtained by setting the allowable parameters of the gap between any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes. Due to the deviation of the dimension of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape, for example, the width of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape has a deviation, and any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene in a monolayer has no or little clearance, the width deviation is allowed to be lower than 2mm, preferably, the width deviation is allowed to be lower than 1mm, preferably, the width deviation is allowed to be lower than 0.2mm, and the precision control of the process is improved by strictly screening the raw materials for preparing the unidirectional laminate of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape. In addition, the overlapping amount of any two adjacent ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes can be determined according to the width of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, for example, the overlapping portion is not more than half of the width of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, for example, the overlapping portion is less than 50mm, preferably, the overlapping portion is less than 30mm, further preferably, the overlapping portion is less than 10mm, and further preferably, the overlapping portion is less than 5 mm. Therefore, the preparation method of each single layer is very flexible, the precision requirement is lower, and the equipment purchase cost is favorably reduced.
In the process of forming any single layer by using any technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, optionally, each ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape may be in an extended and wrinkle-free state through a certain tension control, for example, in the process of forming any single layer, a tension of 0.1 g/denier to 8 g/denier may be applied to both ends of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape, so as to stretch and spread the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape without damaging the properties of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape, thereby avoiding the influence on the bonding between the layers of the unidirectional laminate due to the un-extension or wrinkle of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape. Further, the laying quality of the surface treatment of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape can be further improved by continuously optimizing the tension control parameters, so that the effect of no looseness, no slippage and no wrinkle laying and bonding among the single layers of the unidirectional laminate can be realized, and the overall performance of the prepared unidirectional laminate can be improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the present application further provides a unidirectional laminate, which includes a plurality of single layers that are parallel and bonded, wherein at least one surface coated with adhesive is used as an adjacent surface of any two adjacent single layers, and each adjacent area of one single layer is staggered with each adjacent area of another adjacent single layer, any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes, an adjacent area of each two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes is a adjacent area, and at least one surface of at least one single layer is coated with adhesive.
The unidirectional laminate has the advantages of simple and easy preparation process, high production efficiency and low requirement on equipment precision, and is beneficial to reducing equipment acquisition cost. The unidirectional laminate is simple in structure, each single layer is formed by a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips in a straight state along the same direction, and the single layer is soft and has high tensile strength; the unidirectional laminate is obtained by bonding a plurality of single layers (for example, after bonding, the adjacent regions such as the gap between two adjacent ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene films or strips in one single layer can be compensated by the adjacent single layer) by taking at least one surface coated with an adhesive as an adjacent surface and in the state that each adjacent region of one single layer and each adjacent region of the adjacent other single layer are staggered, the single layers are parallel and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped, so that the obtained unidirectional laminate has good integrity and is beneficial to the subsequent application and processing. In addition, in the preparation process of each single layer of the unidirectional laminate in the embodiment of the application, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film or the tape is treated as a whole, the structural integrity is good, the preparation process is simple, the complex process of respectively finishing a plurality of fiber yarns is omitted, the probability of burrs generated on the surface of the film or the tape is obviously reduced, and the probability of phenomena such as yarn breakage, twisting and winding in the film or the tape is also obviously reduced, so that the unidirectional laminate prepared is favorably ensured to obtain higher performances in the aspects of strength, bulletproof performance and the like.
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment also provides a laid fabric, wherein at least two unidirectional laminates are laminated into a whole at a certain crossing angle, the unidirectional laminate is any one of the unidirectional laminates provided in the present embodiment, and the crossing angle of any two adjacent unidirectional laminates is any one of angles between 0 and 180 degrees, for example, the crossing angle of adjacent unidirectional laminates may include, but is not limited to, 0 degree, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and the like.
The non-woven fabric provided by the embodiment of the application has light weight and good bullet-proof and puncture-proof performances, and can be widely applied to protective products such as bullet-proof inserting plates, bullet-proof helmets, armor backings, helicopter seats, cabin doors or other types of protective products.
The adjacent unidirectional laminates can be overlapped at different angles according to the application of the non-woven fabric, the application is not limited to this, the implementation mode is very flexible, and optionally, the crossing angle of any two adjacent unidirectional laminates is 10-120 degrees, further, the crossing angle of any two adjacent unidirectional laminates is 30-100 degrees, and preferably, the crossing angle of two adjacent unidirectional laminates is 45-90 degrees. The crossing angle of any two adjacent unidirectional laminates can be the same or different, for example, an alternative weftless fabric comprises N crossly laminated unidirectional laminates, and the N unidirectional laminates can be sequentially and alternately changed from 0 degree to 90 degrees to 0 degree to 90 degrees … … degrees and can also be sequentially and progressively increased from 0 degree to 30 degrees to 45 degrees to 90 degrees … … degrees, thereby improving the performances of the weftless fabric such as impact resistance, bullet resistance and the like. The implementation mode of superposition between the unidirectional laminates can adopt but not limited to the mode of overlapping arrangement and hot-press bonding, the method is simple and easy, and the interlayer bonding is firm.
Further, the present embodiments also provide a protective article comprising any one of the unidirectional laminates or any one of the laid fabrics provided in the present embodiments, which may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: tests show that the protective product prepared by the unidirectional laminate or the laid fabric has excellent impact resistance and bulletproof performance.
Example 1
An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film having a width of 120mm, a thickness of 0.025mm, a linear density of 19000D, a breaking strength of 27 g/denier, a tensile modulus of 1600 g/denier, and an elongation at break of 1.9% was used to prepare a unidirectional laminate. The number of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films required by a single layer can be determined according to the width of the required single layer and the width of a single ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film, for example, 32 sheets of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films can be closely and parallelly spread to form a single layer; after two single layers are respectively prepared, an adhesive is coated on the lower surface of each single layer in a micro-concave coating mode, wherein the adhesive is selected from Kraton D1161, and the gluing amount is 5.8%; the two monolayers are bonded together to form a unidirectional laminate in a state in which the individual regions of one monolayer are offset from the individual regions of the other monolayer, the two monolayers are parallel and at least partially overlap.
216 pieces of the unidirectional laminates are selected, two adjacent unidirectional laminates are overlapped at 0 degree/90 degree, and the unidirectional laminates are hot-pressed into a protective plate, so that a protective product A is prepared. The surface density of the protective product A is tested to be 6.5Kg/m2. The protective article A was tested using a 7.62mm dedicated transmitter with a 1.1g fragment, and the average landing velocity of the fragment was found to be 715m/s at a penetration probability of 50% (V50).
Selecting 700 pieces of the unidirectional laminates, overlapping two adjacent unidirectional laminates at 0 DEG/90 DEG, and performing hot pressing to obtain a plate, thereby obtaining the protective product B. The areal density of the protective product B is 21Kg/m2. And (3) performing performance test on the protective product B according to the GA141-2010 standard, wherein the test bullet speed is 745m/s, and the test shows that the bulletproof performance of the protective product B can meet the GA 1415 standard.
Example 2
Unidirectional laminates were prepared using ultra high molecular weight polyethylene tapes, each tape having a width of 50mm, a thickness of 0.012mm, a linear density of 5000D, a break strength of 29 g/denier, a tensile modulus of 1800 g/denier, and an elongation at break of 1.7%. The number of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene strips required by a single layer can be determined according to the width of the required single layer and the width of a single ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene strip, for example, 24 pieces of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene strips can be sequentially and parallelly spread with a small gap (less than 2mm) to form a single layer; after two single layers are respectively prepared, coating an adhesive on the lower surface of at least one single layer in a micro-concave coating mode, wherein the adhesive is selected from aqueous polyurethane emulsion, and the adhesive applying amount is 10%; the two monolayers are bonded together to form a unidirectional laminate in a state in which the individual regions of one monolayer are offset from the individual regions of the other monolayer, the two monolayers are parallel and at least partially overlap.
Selecting 96 pieces of the unidirectional laminates, overlapping two adjacent unidirectional laminates at an angle of 0 DEG/90 DEG, and hot-pressing to prepare a protective plate material, thereby preparing the protective product C. The surface density of the protective product C is 5.8Kg/m2. The product was tested using a 7.62mm dedicated transmitter with a 51-type 7.62mm gain-and-decrease bomb, and the average landing velocity of the fragment was determined to be 660m/s at a penetration probability of 50% (V50).
Selecting 55 sheets of the unidirectional laminates, overlapping two adjacent unidirectional laminates at an angle of 0 DEG/90 DEG, and hot-pressing to prepare a protective plate material, thereby preparing a protective product D. The areal density of the protective article D was 3.3Kg/m2. The test was carried out according to the class III A requirements of NIJ 0101.04, at a bullet speed of 436 m/s. Through tests, the bulletproof performance of the protective product D can meet the requirement of NIJ 0101.04 III A level.
Example 3
An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film having a width of 120mm, a thickness of 0.025mm, a linear density of 19000D, a breaking strength of 27 g/denier, a tensile modulus of 1600 g/denier, and an elongation at break of 1.9% was used to prepare a unidirectional laminate. The number of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films required by a single layer can be determined according to the width of the required single layer and the width of a single ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene film, for example, 5 sheets of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films can be closely and parallelly spread to form a single layer; after two single layers are respectively prepared, an adhesive is coated on the lower surface of each single layer in a micro-concave coating mode, wherein the adhesive is selected from aqueous polyurethane emulsion, and the adhesive applying amount is 8.5%; the two monolayers are bonded together to form a unidirectional laminate in a state in which the individual regions of one monolayer are offset from the individual regions of the other monolayer, the two monolayers are parallel and at least partially overlap.
The protective article E was prepared by selecting 150 sheets of the above unidirectional laminates, overlapping each unidirectional laminate in the order of 0 °/45 °/90 °/…, and hot-pressing them into a protective sheet. The areal density of the protective article E was tested to be 9Kg/m 2. The test standard of GA141-2010 police body armor is adopted for carrying out bullet impact detection, the protective product E can meet the 2-level requirement in GA141-2010, the test standard of GA68-2008 is adopted for carrying out puncture detection, and the protective product E can meet the 1-level requirement in GA 68-2008.
The protective article F was prepared by selecting 175 sheets of the above unidirectional laminates, overlapping each unidirectional laminate in the order of 0 °/45 °/90 °/…, and hot-pressing the laminates into a protective sheet. The areal density of the protective product F is 10.5Kg/m2. The test standard of GA141-2010 police body armor is adopted for carrying out bullet impact detection, the protective product E can meet the 3-level requirement in GA141-2010, the test standard of GA68-2008 is adopted for carrying out puncture detection, and the protective product E can meet the 2-level requirement in GA 68-2008.
In conclusion, the unidirectional laminate, the non-woven fabric and the protective product provided by the embodiment of the application show excellent bulletproof effect and can effectively resist bullet threats. The unidirectional laminate can be widely used for protective products such as bulletproof clothes, bulletproof flashboards, bulletproof helmets, bulletproof stab-resistant armor, armored car backings, helicopter seats and the like due to the advantages of light weight and good bulletproof effect.
Although the present application and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present application, processes, machines, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present application. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, devices, means, methods, or steps.

Claims (38)

1. A system for making a unidirectional laminate, comprising:
a preparation control subsystem, a gluing control subsystem and an adhesion control subsystem which are sequentially arranged according to the preparation process of the unidirectional laminate;
the preparation control subsystem is used for preparing a plurality of single layers, wherein any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, and the adjacent position of every two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips is an adjacent region;
the gluing control subsystem is used for coating a gluing agent on at least one surface of at least one single layer;
the adhesion control subsystem is used for adhering the single layers into a unidirectional laminate by taking at least one surface coated with the adhesive as an adjacent surface and under the conditions that the adjacent regions of one single layer and the adjacent regions of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the preparation control subsystem comprises a plurality of sets of unwinding devices for respectively preparing the plurality of single layers, wherein unwinding directions of the plurality of sets of unwinding devices are parallel, and projections of the plurality of single layers respectively unwound by the plurality of sets of unwinding devices at least partially overlap.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein any unwinding device comprises at least one unwinding shaft, and a plurality of bobbins are sequentially sleeved on each unwinding shaft.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein any one of the unwinding devices comprises two unwinding shafts arranged in parallel.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein any one of the unwinding devices further comprises at least one slip shaft and at least one set of guide rollers, the slip shaft is correspondingly disposed on the unwinding shaft, and the guide rollers are correspondingly disposed with the bobbin.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the glue application control subsystem comprises at least one dimple application control device for applying the glue to at least one side of at least one monolayer by dimple application.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the surface modification treatment subsystem is arranged between the preparation control subsystem and the gluing control subsystem and is used for carrying out surface modification treatment on at least one surface of at least one single layer.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the oven is arranged between the gluing control subsystem and the bonding control subsystem and is used for drying the single layer coated with the adhesive.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the single layer subjected to the oven drying process is in a state in which a side coated with the glue faces upward during the drying process.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the adhesion control subsystem comprises:
a thermocompression control device that bonds the plurality of monolayers into the unidirectional laminate by a thermocompression process.
11. The system of claim 10,
the hot-pressing control device comprises two hot rollers, and hot-pressing control is realized through the matching of the two hot rollers; or,
the hot-pressing control device comprises a hot roller and a pressing roller, and hot-pressing control is realized through the matching of the hot roller and the pressing roller.
12. A system according to claim 11, characterized in that the thermo roll comprises an electrically, oil or electromagnetic heated steel roll and/or that the press roll comprises a rubber roll.
13. The system as recited in claim 11 wherein said heated roll surface has a release layer.
14. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a cooling treatment subsystem for cooling the unidirectional laminate after treatment by the adhesion control subsystem.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the cooling treatment subsystem comprises at least one cooling roller through which the unidirectional laminate treated by the adhesion control subsystem is conveyed for cooling during conveyance.
16. The system of claim 15, wherein the cooling subsystem further comprises a cooling medium circulation pipeline disposed on the cooling roller for cooling the unidirectional laminate conveyed by the cooling roller through a cooling medium.
17. The system of any of claims 1-16, further comprising:
and the rolling device is used for rolling the unidirectional laminate.
18. The system of any of claims 1-16, wherein the glue comprises a mixture of one or more of: polystyrene isoprene copolymer, polystyrene triblock copolymer, hydrogenated polystyrene triblock copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, and polyurethane emulsion.
19. A method of making a unidirectional laminate, comprising:
preparing a plurality of single layers, wherein any single layer is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips, and the adjacent position of each two continuously spread ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips is an adjacent region;
applying a binder to at least one side of at least one of said monolayers;
and bonding the single layers into a unidirectional laminate by taking at least one surface coated with the adhesive as an adjacent surface and in the state that each adjacent area of one single layer and each adjacent area of the other adjacent single layer are staggered, the single layers are respectively parallel, and any two adjacent single layers are at least partially overlapped.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein said preparing a plurality of monolayers comprises:
the single layers are respectively prepared through a plurality of sets of unwinding devices, wherein the unwinding directions of the plurality of sets of unwinding devices are parallel, and the projections of the single layers respectively unwound by the plurality of sets of unwinding devices are at least partially overlapped.
21. The method of claim 19 wherein said adhesive is applied to at least one side of said monolayer by dimpling.
22. The method of claim 19, wherein prior to applying the adhesive to at least one side of the single layer, further comprising:
subjecting said at least one side of said monolayer to a surface modification treatment.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the surface modification treatment comprises corona treatment at a power of 0.3Kw to 3 Kw.
24. The method of claim 19, wherein prior to bonding the plurality of monolayers into a unidirectional laminate, further comprising:
and drying the single layer coated with the adhesive in an oven.
25. The method of claim 19 wherein the plurality of monolayers are bonded into the unidirectional laminate by a heat and pressure process under controlled conditions of a temperature of less than or equal to 150 ℃ and a line pressure of less than or equal to 5 Mpa.
26. The method of claim 19, further comprising: subjecting the unidirectional laminate to a cooling treatment.
27. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
rolling the unidirectional laminate by a rolling device.
28. The method of claim 19, wherein the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape, the monolayer, or the unidirectional laminate is under tension throughout the preparation of the unidirectional laminate.
29. A unidirectional laminate produced based on the production system of a unidirectional laminate as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 18 or produced based on the production method of a unidirectional laminate as set forth in any one of claims 19 to 28.
30. A unidirectional laminate comprising a plurality of individual layers which are parallel and bonded to one another, wherein at least one surface coated with a bonding agent adjoins two adjacent individual layers of the plurality of individual layers and the adjacent regions of one individual layer are offset with respect to the adjacent regions of the other adjacent individual layer,
the adhesive is prepared by sequentially and continuously spreading a plurality of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips on any single layer, the adjacent positions of every two ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene films or strips which are continuously spread are adjacent regions, and at least one surface of at least one single layer is coated with the adhesive.
31. The unidirectional laminate of claim 30, wherein any of the monolayers comprises at least two of the plurality of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes having the same or different widths.
32. The unidirectional laminate of claim 30, wherein at least one of the adjacent regions of any of the monolayers is a partially overlapped region, an adjacent region or a gap smaller than a predetermined threshold value of two adjacent ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes.
33. A unidirectional laminate according to any of claims 30 to 32, wherein the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film has relevant parameters at least satisfying one or more of the following:
the linear density is more than 5000 denier;
the width is more than 100 mm;
the thickness is less than 0.2 mm;
the breaking strength is more than 10 g/denier;
the tensile modulus is more than 800 g/denier;
the elongation at break is 6% or less.
34. The unidirectional laminate of any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene tapes have associated parameters that satisfy at least one or more of the following:
the linear density is more than 100 denier;
the width is 1-100 mm;
the thickness is less than 0.2 mm;
the breaking strength is more than 10 g/denier;
the tensile modulus is more than 800 g/denier;
the elongation at break is 6% or less.
35. The unidirectional laminate of claim 30, wherein the spreading direction of any one of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene films or tapes is the width direction thereof.
36. The unidirectional laminate of claim 35, wherein the width direction of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape is the direction perpendicular to the straightening of the molecular chains of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene film or tape.
37. A laid fabric comprising at least two unidirectional laminates which are laminated together at an intersecting angle, wherein the unidirectional laminates are as defined in claim 29 or as defined in any one of claims 30 to 36.
38. The laid fabric as claimed in claim 37, wherein the crossing angle of any two adjacent unidirectional laminates is any angle between 0-180 degrees.
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