CN105612399A - Ice making machine - Google Patents

Ice making machine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105612399A
CN105612399A CN201480056036.XA CN201480056036A CN105612399A CN 105612399 A CN105612399 A CN 105612399A CN 201480056036 A CN201480056036 A CN 201480056036A CN 105612399 A CN105612399 A CN 105612399A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
pipe
microflute
ice machine
condenser
described pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201480056036.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
G·罗马尼奥利
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scotsman Ice Systems LLC
Original Assignee
Scotsman Ice Systems LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scotsman Ice Systems LLC filed Critical Scotsman Ice Systems LLC
Publication of CN105612399A publication Critical patent/CN105612399A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25CPRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00Producing ice
    • F25C1/22Construction of moulds; Filling devices for moulds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0068Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
    • F28D2021/007Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F2001/428Particular methods for manufacturing outside or inside fins

Abstract

An ice making machine comprising a coolant circuit comprising a coolant fluid based on a hydrocarbon, at least one evaporator, at least one expansion valve, at least one compressor, and at least one condenser (1) comprising a fin pack (3) and one or more rows of tubes (4) with a circular section fixed in through holes (5) of said tins (3), said tubes (4) having micro-grooves (9) on their inner surface such that the inner surface of said tubes (4) is greater than the outer surface, said micro-grooves (9) extending along spiral lines which wind around the longitudinal axis (L) of said tubes (4), said inner micro-grooves (9) of the tubes (4) being made without removal of material by means of crushing of the thickness of the tubes (4) performed along said lines of the inner surface of the tubes (4).

Description

Ice machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ice machine that comprises the condenser that the coolant fluid of condensation based on hydrocarbon use.
Background technology
Owing to the high performance of the coolant fluid of the hydrocarbon based on such as propane etc. and low ambient influnence,It is known in the cooling circuit of ice machine, using this coolant fluid.
Conventionally replace the tool such as hydrogen fluorohydrocarbon, CFC or HCFC etc. with described coolant fluidThere is the coolant fluid of other type of clearly poor ambient influnence.
But hydrocarbon also has the danger relevant to the following fact: if be exposed to thermal source, burning things which may cause a fire disaster or cigaretteSource, particularly, under the environment of sealing and ventilation, meeting is extremely inflammable or explosive.
In order to limit the degree of danger of hydrocarbon, multinomial particular provisions are passed through, with at predefined valveUnder value, use hydrocarbon according to limited amount.
Therefore, for the condenser field of ice machine recently focused on research relate to use hydrocarbon but withThe amount that various security regulations allow is used the constructive scheme of hydrocarbon.
WO2013/106725 show a kind of comprise two manifolds, flat tube connector between manifold withAnd be fixed on the condenser of the groups of fins between the planar side of pipe. For the inside that comprises condenser holdsLong-pending, two manifolds have specific ratio, and flat pipe has multiple microchannels, inside side by side each other.A shortcoming of such condenser comprises the following fact: in the face of the region, side between microchannel notCan be used for heat exchange, thereby can not make contributions to the efficiency of improving condenser.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, technical task of the present invention is for providing a kind of above-mentioned technological deficiency that has solved prior artIce machine. In described technical task, one object of the present invention be to provide one comprise condensation based onThe ice machine of the condenser that the coolant fluid of hydrocarbon is used, this condenser is maintaining minimum internal capacityIn situation, there is best efficiency.
In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of comprise in process of production simply and not expensiveThe ice machine of condenser. By providing following ice machine solve according to technical task of the present invention and be somebody's turn to doObject and other object: this ice machine comprises coolant circuit, at least one evaporimeter, at least one is swollenSwollen valve, at least one compressor and at least one condenser, wherein said coolant circuit comprises based on hydrocarbonCoolant fluid, described condenser comprises the group of fin and is fixed in the through hole of described finHave row of circular cross-section or the pipe of multiple row, described pipe has the microflute that is positioned at its inner surface, makes instituteThe inner surface of stating pipe is greater than outer surface, it is characterized in that, described microflute is along the length side around described pipeThe helix of reeling to axis extends, by means of the described line of the inner surface along described pipe to described pipeThickness is carried out the described microflute that described pipe is prepared in conquassation in the situation that of removing materials not.
Provide pipe is connected in to the step in the hole of fin of groups of fins for the preparation of the method for condenserSuddenly, it is characterized in that, the in the situation that of removing materials not, prepare the inside microflute of pipe.
Preferably, by the line on the surface, inside along pipe, the thickness of pipe is carried out to conquassation (crushing)Prepare microflute.
Can obtain several advantages from ice machine according to the present invention.
In the traditional condenser pipe of same type with smooth internal walls, exist adjacent with the inwall of pipeLaminar flow layer, this laminar flow layer can produce the obstacle that heat is transmitted, and according in the pipe of condenser of the present invention,Microflute has prevented the formation of laminar flow layer, therefore ensures to produce turbulent flow at the whole interior section of pipe, therebyImproved the efficiency of heat exchange considerablely.
For this reason, can use the pipe of minor diameter, this allows the air loop producing around pipe to have more multiselectSelect.
In ice machine according to the present invention, having inside has the condenser of the pipe of the minor diameter of groove to haveIn the situation of identical performance, allow to reduce the internal capacity of condenser, there is the situation of identical exchange surfaceLower permission improves performance and in the situation that having same volume, allows to improve performance.
In subordinate scheme, also define other features of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Nonrestrictive example based on in accompanying drawing is shown, according to ice machine of the present invention preferablyAnd the explanation of the embodiment of nonexcludability, will be more fully present further feature of the present invention andAdvantage, wherein:
Figure 1A illustrates the stereogram of condenser according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 1B illustrates the figure of the outstanding side of the condenser of Figure 1A;
Fig. 1 C illustrates the rearview of the condenser of Figure 1A;
Fig. 2 at length illustrates a part for the groups of fins of the condenser of Figure 1A, wherein pipe be configured to throughGroups of fins, and not for the curved end of the connection between pipe, to understand the inner surface of described pipeDesign;
Fig. 2 A illustrates the amplification details of the connection of pipe in the hole of the fin of the groups of fins of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 illustrates the cross section of the pipe of the condenser of Figure 1A;
Fig. 4 illustrates the longitudinal section of the pipe of the condenser of Figure 1A; And
Fig. 5 illustrates the instrument in the consecutive steps of the microflute of preparing pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, show the condenser of ice machine, integrally represent that with Reference numeral 1 this is coldCondenser.
Especially, the condenser that the coolant fluid based on hydrocarbon (preferably propane) is used with reference to condensation.
Ice machine (not shown go out) has the coolant circuit of known type, except described condenser 1 withOutward, it is also included in evaporimeter, layering valve (laminationvalve) and the compressor of surface formation ice.
Condenser 1 comprises the support frame 2 of box-like, particularly parallelepiped, is wherein accommodated with finGroup (finpack) 3 and be fixed on the multiple pipes 4 in the through hole 5 of fin 3.
Preferably, as shown, pipe 4 has circular cross-section and straight length-wise axis L.
Pipe 4 is configuration in parallel with each other, and length-wise axis L level and with framework 2 vertically and relativeTwo flat side 2a, 2a vertical.
Flat side 2a, the 2a of framework 2 has the support through holes of pipe 4, and the end of described pipe 4 is by this supportThrough hole leaves.
Pipe 4 is configuration in groups, in each group, pipe 4 all by means of 180 ° of special connectors 10,10 ' at frameThe flat side 2a of frame 2, the outside of 2a are connected in series, and can supply with abreast coolant flow thereby formThe coil pipe (coil) of body.
Pipe 4 is also configured to be positioned at the vertical plane (flankedparallelvertical of one or more parallel sidedPlane) row or the pipe 4 of multiple row.
Other connector 10 connects the pipe 4 of the pipe 4 that belongs to same row, and other connector 10 ' connects and belongs to phaseThe pipe 4 of the pipe 4 of adjacent row. Obviously, can be by means of configuring especially between the pipe 4 of same row or different linesThe connector 10,10 ' of connection use customize as required the shape of coil pipe.
The end entering for coolant fluid of coil pipe is connected to each other by special inlet manifold 7, classLike, the end of leaving for coolant fluid of coil pipe is connected to each other by special outlet manifold 8.
In this case, inlet manifold 7 and outlet manifold 8 be positioned at framework 2 same flat side 2a outsideSide, but also can be positioned at the outside of the not coplanar of framework 2.
Fin 3 has identical flat roughly quadrangle form, and along to manage 4 longitudinal axisThe arrangement axis of the direction orientation of line L is arranged parallel to each other.
Fin 3 also has the elongated slits 6 of the whole thickness that runs through fin 3, thereby produces also along looseThe air path of the direction of the arrangement axis of backing 3.
The slit of fin 3 can be set in other embodiments.
Fin 3 and pipe 4 can be made up of the material of identical pyroconductivity, or also can be passed by different heatThe material of conductance is made: for example, can provide the fin 3 that has adopted aluminium, and adopt the pipe 4 of copper.
A remarkable aspect of condenser comprises the following fact: pipe 4 has microflute 9 on surface therein.
Preferably, microflute 9 is constructed and is arranged to manage the outer surface that 4 inner surface is greater than pipe 4.
Preferably, microflute 9 extends along helix, and this helix is whole at pipe 4 around pipe 4 axis LIn length direction scope, reel.
Pipe 4 has the minimum inner thickness " d " between 0.1mm and 0.3mm at 9a place, the bottom of microflute 9,There is the maximum internal thickness " D " between 0.15mm and 0.6mm at 9b place, the top of microflute 9, and toolThere is the external diameter Φ between 4mm and 12mm.
Microflute 9 also extends parallel to each other with the separation step-length (spacingstep) that is no more than 1mm.
Increasing the exchange surface of being determined by microflute 9 allows following pipe 4 to maintain the optimum performance of condenser 1:This pipe 4 have the limit diameter that can obtain and pipe according to the strictest safety requirements such as storage notExceed total internal capacity of the coolant fluid of 150 grams. Advantageously, 4 structure dies down in order not make to manage andFunction is impaired, the microflute 9 of preparation pipe 4 in the situation that of removing materials not.
Therefore, by the specific line along pipe 4 inner surface, for example described above, along around pipe 4The length-wise axis L helix of reeling carry out conquassation and prepare microflute 9 managing 4 thickness.
Advantageously, in the hole 5 of fin 3 that pipe 4 is connected in to groups of fins after, by means of from managing 4Inner side radial load that apply and that be at least enough to produce microflute 9 prepare microflute 9, this is accompanied by pipe 4Consolidate being slightly radially expanded of connection in the hole 5 of managing 4 fin 3 in groups of fins.
In practice, in order to prepare microflute 9, use instrument 11, instrument 11 has: bar 12, it is with graduallyThe working head 13 of contracting is as end; And coaxial clamper 15, it is positioned at the outside of bar 12 and is provided withThe clamping part 15a of expandable.
Making after fin 3 is embedded in pipe 4, by means of stopping of can making that connector 10,10 ' tightens upDevice 14 stops in place by pipe 4.
At first, the end of working head 13 point tubes 4 of instrument 11, and axially translation of clamper 15,Until clamper 15 overlays on the end of pipe 4.
Subsequently, clamper 15 presses pipe 4, causes the part 15a radial contraction of clamper 15.
Press pipe 4 in the situation that at clamper 15, bar 12 is along the axis of orientation that is introduced into pipe 4 to ground translation, andAnd bar 12 rotates around the axis of bar 12 self in a synchronous manner.
Working head 13 has the peripheral chamfer 13a of moulding, and peripheral chamfer 13a engages with the inner surface of pipe 4,And apply crushing force to managing 4 thickness.
In order to complete spiral helicine microflute 9, the roto-translational movement of instrument is along the whole length direction of pipe 4Scope is proceeded.
Also at least be enough to make to manage 4 cross-section radial and expand from inner side to managing crushing force that 4 thickness applies.
Pipe 4 be slightly radially expanded the plastic deformation 5 ' of the wall that can cause hole 5 at this of 5 places, hole, this makes hole 5Press more firmly in pipe 4.
As the ice machine of being conceived is allowed multiple modification and change, and all fall into concept of the present invention hereScope in; In addition, all details all can be replaced by the technical key element being equal to.
The material using and size in practice as required and state of the art can be for any classType.

Claims (6)

1. an ice machine, it comprise coolant circuit, at least one evaporimeter, at least one expansion valve,At least one compressor and at least one condenser (1), wherein said coolant circuit comprises based on hydrocarbonCoolant fluid, described condenser (1) comprises the group of fin (3) and is fixed on described fin (3)Through hole (5) in row or the pipe (4) of multiple row with circular cross-section, described pipe (4) has positionThe microflute (9) on surface, makes the inner surface of described pipe (4) be greater than outer surface in the inner, and its feature existsIn, the spiral that described microflute (9) is reeled along the length-wise axis around described pipe (4) (L)Line extends, and by means of the described line of the inner surface along described pipe (4), the thickness of described pipe (4) is heldThe described microflute (9) of described pipe (4) is prepared in row conquassation in the situation that of removing materials not.
2. according to the ice machine described in aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described pipe (4) is describedThe bottom place of microflute (9) has the minimum inner thickness (d) between 0.1mm and 0.3mm, describedThe top place of microflute (9) has the maximum internal thickness (D) between 0.15mm and 0.6mm, andThere is the external diameter (Φ) between 4mm and 12mm.
3. according to ice machine in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that described microflute (9)There is the separation step-length that is no more than 1mm.
4. according to ice machine in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that described pipe (4)Total internal capacity can receive the coolant fluid that is no more than 150 grams.
5. according to ice machine in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described hydrocarbon is thirdAlkane.
6. according to ice machine in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that described pipe (4)Be made of copper, described fin (3) is made of aluminum.
CN201480056036.XA 2013-10-11 2014-10-07 Ice making machine Pending CN105612399A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2013A001684 2013-10-11
IT001684A ITMI20131684A1 (en) 2013-10-11 2013-10-11 CONDENSER FOR ICE MAKING MACHINE, METHOD FOR ITS REALIZATION, AND ICE MAKING MACHINE THAT INCORPORATES SUCH CONDENSER
PCT/EP2014/071446 WO2015052188A1 (en) 2013-10-11 2014-10-07 Ice making machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105612399A true CN105612399A (en) 2016-05-25

Family

ID=49585538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201480056036.XA Pending CN105612399A (en) 2013-10-11 2014-10-07 Ice making machine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3055636B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102230581B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105612399A (en)
DK (1) DK3055636T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2751422T3 (en)
IT (1) ITMI20131684A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015052188A1 (en)

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US10907874B2 (en) * 2018-10-22 2021-02-02 Whirlpool Corporation Ice maker downspout
CN111605911B (en) * 2020-06-11 2022-08-19 临海市泰通医化设备有限公司 Condensation safety leakage-proof device for sodium cyanide storage tank

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US20130180268A1 (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 Manitowoc Foodservice Companies, Llc Low refrigerant volume condenser for hydrocarbon refrigerant and ice making machine using same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3830087A (en) * 1970-07-01 1974-08-20 Sumitomo Metal Ind Method of making a cross-rifled vapor generating tube
US4847989A (en) * 1983-06-16 1989-07-18 Burr Oak Tool & Gauge Company Spiral expanding bullet
US5239836A (en) * 1991-02-22 1993-08-31 Hoshizaki Kenki Kabushiki Kaisha Electric control apparatus for ice making machine
JP2001248992A (en) * 2000-03-06 2001-09-14 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Method for manufacturing heat exchanger
JP2004279025A (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-10-07 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Cross fin tube type heat exchanger
CN101061361A (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-10-24 住友轻金属工业株式会社 Heat transfer tube with inner surface grooves, used for high-pressure refrigerant
CN101842637A (en) * 2007-11-28 2010-09-22 三菱电机株式会社 Air conditioning apparatus
CN102713487A (en) * 2010-01-13 2012-10-03 三菱电机株式会社 Heat transfer tube for heat exchanger, heat exchanger, refrigeration cycle device, and air conditioning device
US20130180268A1 (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 Manitowoc Foodservice Companies, Llc Low refrigerant volume condenser for hydrocarbon refrigerant and ice making machine using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3055636B1 (en) 2019-07-24
KR20160068782A (en) 2016-06-15
WO2015052188A1 (en) 2015-04-16
DK3055636T3 (en) 2019-10-21
ITMI20131684A1 (en) 2015-04-12
KR102230581B1 (en) 2021-03-22
EP3055636A1 (en) 2016-08-17
ES2751422T3 (en) 2020-03-31

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Application publication date: 20160525