CN105609684A - 一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置，包括机壳和单体电池，所述机壳包括电池仓和缓冲仓，电池仓与缓冲仓之间设有缓冲气囊，电池仓内设有多个相互串联的单体电池，电池仓内填充有绝缘的导热液体或阻燃胶，导热液体或阻燃胶包裹住全部单体电池；缓冲仓内填充有惰性气体与缓冲石棉；机壳顶端中部设有降温泄压阀。本发明结构简单，设计合理，故障电池处于导热液体或阻燃胶的包围中，得以快速降温，避免因高温引发连续燃爆反应，从而使得整个电池系统得到安全保障。适用于由多个单体电池组成电池模块或电池系统，可避免电动汽车、UPS或其它装置因电池引发的火灾。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及锂电池技术领域，具体是一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置。
背景技术
现有的锂电池系统或模块的安全性不高，限制了在重要场所的使用，究其原因是构成电池系统的单体锂电池不能完全做到不燃烧、不爆炸。在安全环境下，也存在因难以察觉的制造缺陷引起的自燃几率。一旦外部环境超出安全工作环境（过充、过放或过温等保护失效），有缺陷的单体电池内部可能会产生大量可燃气体，超出电池可承受的压力时，会冲出壳体，冲出壳体的气体的温度高于燃点时，就会起火燃烧（温度较低表现为漏液，不发生燃烧）。由于电池在高温下会不断裂解出氧气，因此在封闭的环境下也会保持燃烧。用常规的灭火方式难于发挥作用，只能任由其它单体电芯被烤热，引发电极间隔膜短路从而一只只接连被引燃，直到整个电池系统烧完。常规的消防只能对电池系统外面的环境起作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置，包括机壳和单体电池，所述机壳包括电池仓和缓冲仓，电池仓与缓冲仓之间设有缓冲气囊，电池仓内设有多个相互串联的单体电池，电池仓内填充有绝缘的导热液体或阻燃胶，导热液体或阻燃胶包裹住全部单体电池；缓冲仓内填充有惰性气体与缓冲石棉，缓冲仓内设有检测与保护系统，检测与保护系统内设有检测与控制模块，检测与控制模块通过数据线与通信接口连接，通信接口位于机壳顶部右端；机壳顶端中部设有降温泄压阀。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述电池仓内的导热液体为变压器油，阻燃胶为硅胶。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明结构简单，设计合理，故障电池处于导热液体或阻燃胶的包围中，得以快速降温，由于高温是产生可燃气体的基础，给故障电池降温可大大降低故障电池的产气反应，同时其它单体电池也保持在较低温度之下，避免因高温引发连续燃爆反应，从而使得整个电池系统得到安全保障。适用于由多个单体电池组成电池模块或电池系统，可避免电动汽车、UPS或其它装置因电池引发的火灾，对锂电池的应用推广具有重大意义。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图中：1-机壳，2-单体电池，3-电池仓，4-缓冲仓，5-检测与保护系统，6-通信接口，7-检测与控制模块，8-降温泄压阀，9-缓冲气囊。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置，包括机壳1和单体电池2，所述机壳1包括电池仓3和缓冲仓4，电池仓3与缓冲仓4之间设有缓冲气囊9，电池仓3内设有多个相互串联的单体电池2，电池仓3内填充有绝缘的导热液体或阻燃胶，导热液体或阻燃胶包裹住全部单体电池2；缓冲仓4内填充有惰性气体与缓冲石棉，缓冲仓4内设有检测与保护系统5，检测与保护系统5内设有检测与控制模块7，检测与控制模块7通过数据线与通信接口6连接，通信接口6位于机壳1顶部右端；机壳1顶端中部设有降温泄压阀8。
进一步的，本发明所述电池仓3内的导热液体为变压器油，阻燃胶为硅胶，也可以根据实际需要使用其他材料。
本发明的工作原理是：
某只单体电池2内部因故障产生高压气体排出电池安全阀或突破正极盖帽后，高压可燃气体从缓冲液体中逸出进入缓冲气囊9中，缓冲气囊9中进入的气体超出气囊可承受气压后破裂，气体经惰性气体与缓冲石棉缓冲后经降温泄压阀8排出电池系统之外。故障电池产生的高温高压气体经上述一些列缓冲降温降压，至排出系统外时，已经不具燃烧条件，消散在大气中，从而避免连续燃烧，引发火灾。
故障电池在泄压后其残存的能量再次重新集聚到一定压力后，再次冲破单体电2的外壳和导热液体或阻燃胶经降温泄压阀8排出电池系统外面，数次这种重复后，故障电池的能量被消耗殆尽。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (2)
1.一种锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置，包括机壳（1）和单体电池（2），其特征在于：所述机壳（1）包括电池仓（3）和缓冲仓（4），电池仓（3）与缓冲仓（4）之间设有缓冲气囊（9），电池仓（3）内设有多个相互串联的单体电池（2），电池仓（3）内填充有绝缘的导热液体或阻燃胶，导热液体或阻燃胶包裹住全部单体电池（2）；缓冲仓（4）内填充有惰性气体与缓冲石棉，缓冲仓（4）内设有检测与保护系统（5），检测与保护系统（5）内设有检测与控制模块（7），检测与控制模块（7）通过数据线与通信接口（6）连接，通信接口（6）位于机壳（1）顶部右端；机壳（1）顶端中部设有降温泄压阀（8）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锂电池组件阻燃防爆装置，其特征在于：所述电池仓（3）内的导热液体为变压器油，阻燃胶为硅胶。
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106207046A (zh) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 风帆有限责任公司 | 一种防止免维护铅酸蓄电池爆裂的方法 |
| CN107394064A (zh) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-24 | 浙江谷神能源科技股份有限公司 | 锂电池安全箱 |
| CN108807738A (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-13 | 嘉兴晨飞科技有限公司 | 一种智能防护的新能源汽车电池外壳 |
| CN109616592A (zh) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-12 | 同济大学 | 一种适用于新能源汽车的充保护气并联电池基本模块 |
| CN109742289A (zh) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-10 | 颍上北方动力新能源有限公司 | 一种锂电池 |
| CN111518994A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 庆安集团有限公司 | 一种金属材料化学热处理滴定装置及使用方法 |
| CN113506944A (zh) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-15 | 江苏翌强能源设备有限公司 | 一种安全防爆的新能源电能存储装置 |
| CN114976420A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-30 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于捕捉烟气的锂电池防火防爆装置 |
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| CN106207046A (zh) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 风帆有限责任公司 | 一种防止免维护铅酸蓄电池爆裂的方法 |
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| CN107394064A (zh) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-24 | 浙江谷神能源科技股份有限公司 | 锂电池安全箱 |
| CN108807738A (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-13 | 嘉兴晨飞科技有限公司 | 一种智能防护的新能源汽车电池外壳 |
| CN109616592A (zh) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-12 | 同济大学 | 一种适用于新能源汽车的充保护气并联电池基本模块 |
| CN109742289A (zh) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-05-10 | 颍上北方动力新能源有限公司 | 一种锂电池 |
| CN111518994A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 庆安集团有限公司 | 一种金属材料化学热处理滴定装置及使用方法 |
| CN113506944A (zh) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-10-15 | 江苏翌强能源设备有限公司 | 一种安全防爆的新能源电能存储装置 |
| CN113506944B (zh) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-11-12 | 江苏翌强能源设备有限公司 | 一种安全防爆的新能源电能存储装置 |
| CN114976420A (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-30 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于捕捉烟气的锂电池防火防爆装置 |
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