CN105609681A - 一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成 - Google Patents

一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成 Download PDF

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CN105609681A
CN105609681A CN201610133177.8A CN201610133177A CN105609681A CN 105609681 A CN105609681 A CN 105609681A CN 201610133177 A CN201610133177 A CN 201610133177A CN 105609681 A CN105609681 A CN 105609681A
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CN105609681B (zh
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王文伟
马军
林程
孙逢春
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/52Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0422Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成其特征是:该模块总成包括:紧固螺栓、下盖、负极连接板、子模组、弹性连接板、正极连接板、上盖;所述子模组包括:负极板、下卡模、锂离子电池组、上卡模、正极板;所述锂离子电池组是由锂离子电池单体并联组成的、将其装在下卡模与上卡模里,然后将负极板与锂离子电池单体的负极点焊链接,正极板与电池单体的正极进行点焊链接,即形成一串锂离子电池的子模组,然后根据需要串联的数量,用紧固螺栓按如下顺序:下盖-—负极链接板—子模组—弹性连接板—子模组—弹性连接板…串联下去,到最后一个子模组装完后再装上正极连接板再装上盖;用紧固螺栓紧固后即完成所述的锂离子电池模块总成。

Description

一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成
技术领域
本发明属于技术领域,更加具体地说,涉及用于电动汽车动力电池系统的一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块。
背景技术
随着电动汽车产销量的提高,电动汽车的安全问题已经引起业界与政府的关注与焦虑。近年来,多内外发生过多起严重的电动汽车的燃烧事件。因此,动力电池的成组与安全应用技术已经是当前电动汽车发展的关键技术。
锂离子电池是电能载体,但是该载体的正负极用隔膜隔离装在有电解液的金属壳体里,其隔膜与电解液均是易燃品,因此电池的杂质、金属析晶、隔膜损伤及工艺制造等问题容易产生电池内部短路造成电能与化学能双重能量的释放,出现“热失控”,发生燃烧或爆炸。现在这一过程还不可预测、测试复现与控制,当前的电池管理系统在短路发生时本身失去供电,而且也无法控制“热失控”的发展。
由于电芯的上述属性,采用标准化、能量小、相对安全的18650型号的电池,成为较安全的技术路线。目前,现有的电动汽车采用的动力电池外形、规格等繁杂不能通用,而电动汽车动力电池的用量太大,因此不采用标准化、通用化、系列化电池模块产品难以满足电动汽车发展的需要。当前,18650型号的动力电池已经在国内外多款电动汽车上得到应用,如美国特斯拉公司等。国内的汽车企业大多采用风冷方案,在通风散热及加热等方面存在技术难度,美国特斯拉公司的液冷方案,结构复杂价格昂贵,不方便维修和更换。
为此,以18650型这一标准化的锂离子动力电池为列,本案发明了一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,该模块总成保证了锂离子电池的单体在发生内短路时具有安全性,在通风条件、电连接条件、工艺处理、组装条件、材料选择方面具有较好的安全性;具有供应充足、安全方便、价格低廉、利于推广的优点,为电动汽车的顺利发展提供支持。
发明内容
一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,其特征是:该模块总成包括:紧固螺栓、下盖、负极连接板、子模组、弹性连接板、正极连接板、上盖;所述子模组包括:负极板、下卡模、锂离子电池组、上卡模、正极板;所述锂离子电池组是由锂离子电池单体并联组成的,将其装在下卡模与上卡模里,然后将负极板与锂离子电池单体的负极点焊链接,正极板与电池单体的正极进行点焊链接,即形成一串锂离子电池的子模组,然后根据需要串联的数量,用紧固螺栓按如下顺序:下盖—负极链接板—子模组—弹性连接板—子模组—弹性连接板…串联下去,到最后一个子模组装完后再装上正极连接板再装上盖;用紧固螺栓紧固后即完成所述的锂离子电池模块总成。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,所述正负连接极板与单体电池的正负极点焊连接的结构是通过保险断面连接的,所述保险断面大小根据保证放电需要,同时保证在外部大电流返充时安全断开。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,所述正负极连接板,上下卡模,弹性连接板的平面上都有通风孔,其通风孔保证了同心。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,其材料是:正负极连接板采用镀镍铝板制作,下卡模与上卡模及上盖与下盖的材料采用了SMC热固性材料,具有抗高温、高绝缘与抗电弧冲击的电气性能。
附图说明
图1是一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成的立体图。
图2是一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成的分解图。
图3是子模组的分解图。
具体实施方式
下面对一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成做具体实例说明:
图1是一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成的立体图,图的左侧是负极右侧是正极。
图2是一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成的分解图,图中的零件是:紧固螺栓1、下盖2、负极连接板3、子模组4、弹性连接板5、正极连接板6、上盖7。
图3是子模组的分解图,所述子模组4包括:负极板4-1、下卡模4-2、锂离子电池组4-3、上卡模4-4、正极板4-5;所述锂离子电池组4-3是由锂离子电池单体4-3-1并联组成的,图中4-3-2是正极方向;将其装在下卡模4-2的孔4-2-1里与上卡模4-4的孔4-4-1里;然后将负极板4-1与锂离子电池单体的负极点焊链接,正极板4-5与电池单体的正极进行点焊链接,即形成一串锂离子电池的子模组4。
然后根据需要的串联数量,用紧固螺栓1按如下顺序串联:下盖2—负极链接板3—子模组4—弹性连接板5—子模组4—弹性连接板5…串联下去,到最后一个子模组4装完后再装上正极连接板6再装上盖7;用紧固螺栓1紧固后即完成所述的锂离子电池模块总成。
值得说明的是:如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,所述子模组4的正负极板4-5与4-1与单体电池的正负极点焊链接的结构是通过保险断面4-5-1与4-1-1连接的,所述保险断面大小根据保证放电需要,同时保证在内外部大电流短路时安全断开。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,为保证通风需要其中正极连接板6上的上的孔6-2,与负极连接板3上的孔3-2;上卡模4-4平面上的孔4-4-1与4-4-2,下卡模4-2平面上的孔4-2-1与4-2-2;正极板4-5平面上的孔4-5-2,负极板平面上的孔4-1-2;及弹性连接板5的平面上的孔5-1都是通风孔,其通风孔保证了同心。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,其材料是:正负极板4-1与4-5采用镀镍铝板制作,目的是保证保险断面4-1-1与4-5-1出现内外短路通过大电流时熔断;下卡模4-2与上卡模4-4及上盖7与下盖2的材料采用了SMC热固性材料,具有抗高温、高绝缘与抗电弧冲击的电气性能。
本发明通过上面的实例进行举例说明,但是,应当理解,本案在这里包含这些特殊实例和实施方案的目的在于帮助本领域中的技术人员实践本发明;任何本领域中的技术人员很容易在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下进行进一步的改进和完善,因此本发明只受到本发明权利要求的内容和范围的限制,其意图涵盖所有包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明精神和范围内的备选方案和等同方案。
虽然上面已经结合附图详细说明了本发明,但本领域技术人员应该意识到上述说明仅仅是对具体实列的示意阐述,在实施具体锂离子电池模块设计时,其具体结构、点焊连接顺序、工艺方法等仍视具体情况而定。

Claims (1)

1.一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成其特征是:该模块总成包括:紧固螺栓、下盖、负极连接板、子模组、弹性连接板、正极连接板、上盖;所述子模组包括:负极板、下卡模、锂离子电池组、上卡模、正极板;所述锂离子电池组是由锂离子电池单体并联组成的、将其装在下卡模与上卡模里,然后将负极板与锂离子电池单体的负极点焊链接,正极板与电池单体的正极进行点焊链接,即形成一串锂离子电池的子模组,然后根据需要串联的数量,用紧固螺栓按如下顺序:下盖-—负极链接板—子模组—弹性连接板—子模组—弹性连接板…串联下去,到最后一个子模组装完后再装上正极连接板再装上盖;用紧固螺栓紧固后即完成所述的锂离子电池模块总成。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,所述正负链接极板与单体电池的正负极点焊链接的结构是通过保险断面连接的,所述保险断面大小根据保证放电需要,同时保证在外部大电流返充时安全断开。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,所述正负极连接板,上下卡模,弹性连接板的平面上都有通风孔,其通风孔保证了同心。
如上所述:一种电动汽车的锂离子电池模块总成,其材料是:正负极连接板采用镀镍铝板制作,下卡模与上卡模及上盖与下盖的材料采用了SMC热固性材料,具有抗高温、高绝缘与抗电弧冲击的电气性能。
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WO2021206457A1 (ko) * 2020-04-09 2021-10-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 모듈, 그것을 포함하는 배터리 팩, 및 자동차

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