CN105606366B - A kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter - Google Patents

A kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105606366B
CN105606366B CN201610118434.0A CN201610118434A CN105606366B CN 105606366 B CN105606366 B CN 105606366B CN 201610118434 A CN201610118434 A CN 201610118434A CN 105606366 B CN105606366 B CN 105606366B
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air valve
dynamic
dynamic strain
contact load
connect
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CN105606366A (en
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国杰
张文平
张新玉
明平剑
柳贡民
曹贻鹏
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Harbin Shipbuilding Technology Co ltd
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0028Force sensors associated with force applying means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04Testing internal-combustion engines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/32Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L25/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/042Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter, belong to IC Engine Test Technology field, the measurement of Diesel Engine's Air Valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load is realized using the combined test scheme of high frequency sound dynamic strain meter and piezoelectric accelerometer.Measuring device provided by the invention can ensure the accuracy of test result, the measuring device for establishing the present invention does not need complicated process equipment and expensive special instrument, testing cost is low, and it is easy to operate, it is widely used in the measurement of ship, car combustion engine air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load.

Description

A kind of device and calibration air valve stem of measurement air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load The device of dynamic strain meter
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement air valves and the device and calibration air valve stem dynamic of air valve seat dynamic Contact load to answer The device for becoming meter, belongs to IC Engine Test Technology field.
Background technology
Internal combustion engine is that wide dynamic power machine is applied in the fields such as ship, automobile, power station, has thermal efficiency height, specific fuel consumption Low, the advantages that Power coverage face is big, the range of speeds is wide, startup is safe, easy to maintenance.But internal combustion engine during the work time can Generate larger vibration and radiated noise.The vibration of internal combustion engine is not only easily reduced the reliability of itself work, but also can pass through Under-chassis or pedestal pass to other equipment, to interfere the normal work of other equipment.The noise of internal combustion engine can be directly to environment Damage is generated with human body.Therefore, Low Noise Design becomes the important subject of gasoline engine vibration and noise abatement.
The percussion of air valve and air valve seat is the important vibration of internal combustion engine and noise source.The dynamics calculation of valve actuating mechanism and excellent It is to control the effective way of air valve percussion vibration and noise to change design.The calculating of air valve and air valve seat contact load mainly passes through Contact stiffness and contact damping are introduced in Dynamic Calculations for Valve Train program to realize.Currently, air valve and air valve seat is dynamic State contact load lacks effective measuring device, and which has limited the valve actuating mechanism low noises carried out using dynamics calculation result to set Count work.Therefore, air valve is established with the measuring device of air valve seat dynamic Contact load and corresponding measurement method for distribution The dynamics calculation and Low Noise Design of mechanism are of great significance.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to provide one kind measurement air valve at low cost, easy to operate and air valve seat dynamic Contact to carry The device of lotus and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:A kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load, including Control system, motor, rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, lubricating system, dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier, data collector, The output end of computer and tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit, motor is connected by first shaft coupling and rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus It connects, rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus passes through the cam axis connection of second shaft coupling and tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit, the distribution The air valve stem of mechanism or distribution unit posts high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, the high frequency sound dynamic strain meter with air valve head junction It is connect with dynamic strain amplifier, piezoelectric accelerometer is installed on the air valve head of the valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit, institute It states piezoelectric accelerometer to connect with charge amplifier, rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, charge amplifier and dynamic strain amplifier point It is not connect with data collector, data collector is connect with computer, and the lubricating system is to tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution list Member work provides required lubricating oil, and motor is also connect with control system respectively with rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus.
A kind of device of calibration air valve stem dynamic strain meter, including tested air valve, mating cylinder head, dynamic strain amplification Device, loading disc, etc. weight counterweight and stable bracing frame, the tested air valve be mounted in mating cylinder head, cylinder head is upside down in surely Determine on supporting rack, the tested air valve stem posts high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, the high frequency sound dynamic with air valve head connecting portion The cable of strain gauge is connected to dynamic strain amplifier after being drawn by air intake duct or exhaust duct, the tested air valve directly with add Load plate connects, by the calibration for realizing air valve stem dynamic strain meter in the weight counterweight such as loading disc load and unloading.
The invention also includes some such structure features:
1. the highest response frequency of high frequency sound dynamic strain meter is not less than 20kHz;The highest of piezoelectric accelerometer responds Frequency is not less than 20kHz, and accelerometer quality is not more than 1/100 air valve quality.
2. the single channel bandwidth of dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector is not less than 20kHz.
3. always load number is no less than 20 times, maximum load is not less than 4 times of spring for valve pretightning force, and is not more than 6 Spring for valve pretightning force again.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:(1) device provided by the invention realizes Diesel Engine's Air Valve With the measurement of air valve seat dynamic Contact load, measurement result can be used for testing for I. C engine distribution mechanism dynamics calculation result Card, dynamics Optimization Design and Low Noise Design.(2) strain gauge and accelerometer highest that device provided by the invention uses are rung Frequency is answered to be not less than 20kHz, the single channel bandwidth of dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector is not less than 20kHz avoids the leakage of high-frequency percussion component;Accelerometer quality is not more than 1/100 air valve quality, effectively controls and adds The influence of speedometer additional mass.Test device can ensure the precision of test result.(3) device provided by the invention utilizes electricity Motivation towing astern drives the operation of valve actuating mechanism, is measured, is not required to using high frequency sound dynamic strain meter and piezoelectric accelerometer Complicated process equipment and expensive special instrument are wanted, testing cost is low, and easy to operate, is widely used in ship, automobile The measurement of Diesel Engine's Air Valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring device schematic diagram of the Diesel Engine's Air Valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the caliberating device schematic diagram of the Diesel Engine's Air Valve bar strain gauge of the present invention;
Wherein:1- control systems, 2- motor, 3- shaft couplings, 4- rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, 5- camshafts, 6- transmission chains, 7- air valves, 8- air valve stem strain gauges, 9- dynamic strain amplifiers, 10- piezoelectric accelerometers, 11- charge amplifiers, 12- numbers According to Acquisition Instrument, 13- computers, 14- lubricating systems, 15- is tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit, 16- cylinder head, 17- supporting racks, 18- loading discs, 19- counterweights.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention is further described in detail with specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, motor 2 is connect by shaft coupling 3 with rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus 4, rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus 4 passes through Shaft coupling 3 is connect with the camshaft 5 of tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit 15.Opening for motor 5 is realized by control system 1 Dynamic, stopping and rotational speed regulation.The transient speed of camshaft 5 is fed back to control system 1 by rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus 4, by camshaft 5 Angular signal pass to data collector 12.Camshaft 5 drives air valve 7 to work by distribution unit transfer chain 6.On air valve 7 Strain gauge 8 is posted, the dynamic strain signal of air valve 7 is passed to dynamic strain amplifier 9 by strain gauge 8, then is passed to data and adopted Storage 12.7 bottom surface of air valve is stained with acceleration 10, and the acceleration of motion signal of air valve 7 is passed to charge and amplified by accelerometer 10 Device 11, then pass to data collector 12.Data collector 12 is by the dynamic of the angular signal of collected camshaft 5, air valve 7 Strain signal, air valve 7 acceleration of motion signal pass to computer 13 processing.By lubricating system 14 to tested valve actuating mechanism Or distribution unit provides the lubricating condition needed for operation.
As shown in Fig. 2, air valve 7 is mounted in mating cylinder head 16, and cylinder head 16 is upside down in stable bracing frame 17 On.Strain gauge 8 is posted on air valve 7, the static strain signal of air valve 7 is passed to dynamic strain amplifier 9 by strain gauge 8.Air valve 7 Top is directly connect with loading disc 18.By on loading disc 18 load and unload etc. weights counterweight 19 realize air valve 7 on strain gauge 8 Calibration.
The present invention uses following measuring technology scheme:
The measuring device of Diesel Engine's Air Valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load is surveyed by control system, motor, rotating speed corner Measure instrument, shaft coupling, lubricating system, high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, dynamic strain amplifier, piezoelectric accelerometer, charge amplification Device, data collector, computer and tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit composition.
Motor is connect by shaft coupling with rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus by shaft coupling be measured The cam axis connection of mechanism of qi structure or distribution unit, to drive camshaft to rotate.By control system realize motor startup, Stopping and rotational speed regulation.The camshaft transient speed monitored is fed back to control system by rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, will be monitored Angular signal pass to data collector.The air valve stem of the valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit is posted with air valve head connecting portion The highest response frequency of high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, strain gauge is not less than 20kHz.The high frequency sound dynamic strain meter is answered with dynamic Become amplifier connection, strain signal is passed to data collector by dynamic strain amplifier.The valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit Air valve head on piezoelectric accelerometer is installed.The highest response frequency of accelerometer is not less than 20kHz, accelerometer quality Air valve quality no more than 1/100.The piezoelectric accelerometer is passed to obtained air valve acceleration of motion signal is measured Charge amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector, data collector are connect with computer, acquisition and processing camshaft degree Signal, air valve stem strain signal and air valve acceleration of motion signal.Dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector Single channel bandwidth be not less than 20kHz.By lubricating system required profit is provided to tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution cell operation Lubricating oil.
Device provided by the invention passes through the calibration of air valve stem strain gauge, camshaft speed outer corner measurement, air valve stem dynamic force It measures, air valve acceleration of motion measures, air valve and air valve seat contact load calculate to realize the dynamic Contact of air valve and air valve seat The measurement of load, it is specific as follows:
Air valve stem strain gauge is demarcated:High frequency sound dynamic strain meter is pasted onto air valve stem and air valve head connecting portion, then will Air valve installs back in cylinder head, and valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit other parts are not installed.Strain gauge signal cable passes through air inlet Road or exhaust duct outlet are drawn, and are connect with dynamic strain amplifier.Cylinder head is upside down on stable bracing frame, air valve stem is straight It connects and is connect with loading disc.Gradually the weight such as load counterweight, record load gross mass and dynamic strain amplifier every time on loading disc Reading.Total load number is no less than 20 times, and maximum load is not less than 4 times of spring for valve pretightning force, and is not more than 6 times Spring for valve pretightning force.Load carries out unloading measurement immediately after being measured, i.e., gradually unloading etc. weighs counterweight on loading disc, and Load total weight and dynamic strain amplifier are read record every time.The data for arranging load and unloading record, utilize least square Normal the Fitting Calculation obtains the relationship of air valve stick force and corresponding compliance voltage signal, i.e. sensitivity coefficient s.
Camshaft speed outer corner measurement:Motor output shaft is connect by shaft coupling with rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, then is passed through Shaft coupling and cam axis connection.The camshaft transient speed monitored is fed back to control system by rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, will be supervised The angular signal D measured passes to data collector.Same rotating speed lower cam shaft rotation angle signal D and air valve acceleration of motion signal A is synchronous with the measurement of air valve stem compliance voltage signal U to carry out.
Air valve stem dynamic force measurement:Valve actuating mechanism or all parts of distribution unit are assembled according to practical set condition in machine On body or cylinder head, the signal cable of air valve stem strain gauge is drawn by air intake duct or exhaust duct outlet, and is put with dynamic strain Big device connection.The output end of dynamic strain amplifier and the input terminal of data collector connect.Data collector connects with computer It connects, acquires and handle air valve stem compliance voltage signal U.According to relational expression FS=s × U is calculated between air valve stem and air valve head Dynamic force FS
Air valve acceleration of motion measures:Valve actuating mechanism or all parts of distribution unit are assembled according to practical set condition On body or cylinder head, piezoelectric accelerometer is posted in air valve head bottom surface, and outgoing cable and the charge amplifier of accelerometer connect It connects, charge amplifier is connect with data collector, and data collector is connect with computer, and acquisition and the movement of processing air valve accelerate Spend signal A.
Air valve is calculated with air valve seat contact load:According to relational expression FMThe inertia force F of air valve head is calculated in=m × AM.Its In, m is the quality of air valve head.Further according to relational expression FI=FS+FMAir valve and the dynamic Contact load F of air valve seat is calculatedI
Device for measuring Diesel Engine's Air Valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load, including control system, motor, rotating speed Turning angle admeasuring apparatus, shaft coupling, lubricating system, high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, dynamic strain amplifier, piezoelectric accelerometer, electricity Lotus amplifier, data collector, computer and tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit, the tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit Air valve stem and air valve head connecting portion post high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, air valve head bottom surface is stained with piezoelectric accelerometer.Institute It states high frequency sound dynamic strain meter to connect with dynamic strain amplifier, is then connected to data collector.The piezoelectric accelerometer It is connect with charge amplifier, is then connected to data collector.The high frequency sound dynamic strain meter and piezoelectric accelerometer are most High response frequency is not less than 20kHz, and the single channel bandwidth of the dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector is not Less than 20kHz;The quality of the piezoelectric accelerometer is not more than 1/100 air valve quality.The high frequency sound dynamic strain meter For measuring the dynamic force F of air valve stem and air valve head connecting portionS, the piezoelectric accelerometer is used for measuring the movement of air valve Acceleration A passes through dynamic force FSWith air valve head inertia force FMAlgebraical sum the dynamic Contact load of air valve and air valve seat is calculated FI
By demarcating the device based on air valve stem dynamic strain, including tested air valve, mating cylinder head, dynamic strain amplification Device, loading disc, etc. weight counterweight and stable bracing frame, the tested air valve be mounted in mating cylinder head, cylinder head is upside down in surely Determine on supporting rack.The tested air valve stem posts high frequency sound dynamic strain meter, the high frequency sound dynamic with air valve head connecting portion The cable of strain gauge is drawn by air intake duct or exhaust duct, is connected to dynamic strain amplifier.The tested air valve directly with add Load plate connects, by the calibration for realizing air valve stem dynamic strain meter in the weight counterweight such as loading disc load and unloading.Total load number No less than 20 times, maximum load is not less than 4 times of spring for valve pretightning force, and the spring for valve pretightning force no more than 6 times.
The invention belongs to IC Engine Test Technology fields, using the group of high frequency sound dynamic strain meter and piezoelectric accelerometer Close the measurement that testing scheme realizes Diesel Engine's Air Valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load.Gas is measured using high frequency sound dynamic strain meter The dynamic force F of valve rod and air valve head connecting portionS, the acceleration of motion A of air valve is measured using piezoelectric accelerometer, by dynamic State power FSWith air valve head inertia force FMAlgebraical sum the dynamic Contact load of air valve and air valve seat is calculated.Strain gauge and acceleration The highest response frequency of degree meter is not less than 20kHz, the single channel band of dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector Width is not less than 20kHz, avoids the leakage of high-frequency percussion component;Accelerometer quality is not more than 1/100 air valve quality, effectively Control the influence of accelerometer additional mass.Measuring device provided by the invention can ensure the accuracy of test result, build The measuring device for founding the present invention does not need complicated process equipment and expensive special instrument, and testing cost is low, and operates letter Just, it is widely used in the measurement of ship, car combustion engine air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load, it is characterised in that:Including control system, motor, Rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, lubricating system, dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier, data collector, computer and tested distribution The output end of mechanism or distribution unit, motor is connect by first shaft coupling with rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, rotating speed outer corner measurement Instrument by the cam axis connection of second shaft coupling and tested valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit, the valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit High frequency sound dynamic strain meter is posted in air valve stem and air valve head junction, and the high frequency sound dynamic strain meter is from air intake duct or exhaust duct It is connect with dynamic strain amplifier after extraction, piezoelectric type acceleration is installed on the air valve head of the valve actuating mechanism or distribution unit Meter, the piezoelectric accelerometer are connect with charge amplifier, rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, charge amplifier and dynamic strain amplification Device is connect with data collector respectively, and data collector is connect with computer, and the lubricating system is to tested valve actuating mechanism or matches Gas cell operation provides required lubricating oil, and motor is also connect with control system respectively with rotating speed turning angle admeasuring apparatus, and air valve Include with air valve seat contact dynamic load calculating:According to relational expression FMThe inertia force F of air valve head is calculated in=m × AM;Wherein, m For the quality of air valve head;A is the acceleration of motion signal of air valve;Further according to relational expression FI=FS+FMAir valve and air valve is calculated The dynamic Contact load F of seatI;FSFor the dynamic force between air valve stem and air valve head, FS=s × U, U believe for air valve stem compliance voltage Number, s is sensitivity coefficient.
2. a kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is high The highest response frequency of frequency response dynamic strain meter is not less than 20kHz;The highest response frequency of piezoelectric accelerometer is not less than 20kHz, accelerometer quality are not more than 1/100 air valve quality.
3. a kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist In:The single channel bandwidth of dynamic strain amplifier, charge amplifier and data collector is not less than 20kHz.
CN201610118434.0A 2016-03-02 2016-03-02 A kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter Active CN105606366B (en)

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CN201810235466.8A CN108955975A (en) 2016-03-02 2016-03-02 A kind of device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter
CN201610118434.0A CN105606366B (en) 2016-03-02 2016-03-02 A kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter

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CN201610118434.0A CN105606366B (en) 2016-03-02 2016-03-02 A kind of device measuring air valve and air valve seat dynamic Contact load and the device for demarcating air valve stem dynamic strain meter

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CN113945306B (en) * 2021-10-08 2023-07-28 哈尔滨工程大学 Sensor for measuring seating force of intake and exhaust valves of engine and measuring method

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JPH08304210A (en) * 1995-05-02 1996-11-22 Meidensha Corp Calibrating method of dynamometer
DE102004028221A1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-29 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Highly stressed engine component
CN101936797B (en) * 2010-08-06 2012-07-04 重庆大学 Calibration device and method of six-dimensional force sensor
CN102175390B (en) * 2011-02-25 2012-11-28 南京航空航天大学 Piezoelectric sensor calibrating device and method
CN102620924B (en) * 2012-04-12 2014-07-09 杭州电子科技大学 Device and method for measuring dynamic rigidity of valve spring of valve mechanism
CN102620925B (en) * 2012-04-12 2014-05-28 杭州电子科技大学 Device and method for measurement testing of load of valve rocker of engine valve mechanism
CN202853843U (en) * 2012-10-16 2013-04-03 浙江土工仪器制造有限公司 Calibration device for pressure transducer
CN103278315A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-09-04 杭州电子科技大学 Device and method for measuring contact rigidity of engine valve
CN104535258B (en) * 2015-01-05 2017-01-04 广州赛宝计量检测中心服务有限公司 A kind of dynamic force automatic calibration of sensor device
CN205719553U (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-11-23 哈尔滨工程大学 Dynamic Contact load-measuring device and air valve stem dynamic strain meter caliberating device

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