CN105606333B - A kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance - Google Patents
A kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance Download PDFInfo
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- CN105606333B CN105606333B CN201610126091.2A CN201610126091A CN105606333B CN 105606333 B CN105606333 B CN 105606333B CN 201610126091 A CN201610126091 A CN 201610126091A CN 105606333 B CN105606333 B CN 105606333B
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- balance
- rod
- type
- strut
- small deformation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
Abstract
A kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance, including the gentle strut in rod-type day:The rod-type balance both ends are pyramidal structure, the centre at rod-type balance both ends is day flat elements, the day flat elements are pyramidal structure, big end position is provided with five component elements in pyramidal structure, small end position is provided with resistance element, the strut includes tapered front end and waits straight section, the rod-type balance is matched by the conical surface with the tapered front end of strut and utilizes chock to tense, the rod-type balance is arranged at the interior intracavitary of tested model, and the minimum diameter of the tested mould impression is more than the maximum gauge of rod-type balance.The present invention breaches traditional equal diameter balance strut design method and three-stage rod-type day flat structure, two are increased balance diameter, shorten balance length, balance deformation is small, improve the rigidity and bearing capacity of balance, it can be widely applied in the wind tunnel test balance development that shock loading is big or vibration is violent, there is good practicality and promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aerospace dynamometer check aerodynamics force measurement technical field, in particular for temporarily rushing formula high speed and super
Model and rod-type balance branch lever system high vibration problem when high-speed wind tunnel dynamometer check starts and cut-offs, utilize taper balance member
Part structure improves balance and strut overall stiffness with measuring cell compact layout, strengthens model supporting system antivibration kinetic force, into
The accurate six components aerodynamics force measurement of dummy vehicle of row more safety and stability.
Background technology
Temporarily rush in formula high-speed wind tunnel dynamometer check, start and cut-off process gas and shock wave scan caused by impact carry
Lotus is probably several times even more than ten times, and dispersion degree is very big of balance range, it is difficult to measurement and control.Shake caused by shock loading
Dynamic amplitude and rigidity, model weight, the blowing mode of balance and strut have substantial connection, and to experiment safety, measurement accuracy
Constitute a serious threat with the service life of balance.Certain impact can be reduced by modes such as model loss of weight, reduction ram compressions to carry
Lotus, but limited be subject to structure and wind-tunnel facilities, effect is unsatisfactory.The firm of balance and strut is improved in limited design space
Degree and bearing capacity are another effective methods.
Common rod-type balance diameter is generally equal with the straight section diameter such as strut, and with mould impression have it is enough between
Gap, with ensure model be subject to aerodynamic loading balance and strut deform after model do not produce space interference with balance strut.It is subject to mould
Type trailing space size limits and enough clearance requirements, and balance and branch shank diameter are smaller, support system insufficient rigidity.And model
Body central space is sufficient, and material unnecessary in mold cavity can be also removed sometimes for loss of weight.Due to balance and strut front end etc.
The gap of diameter, mould impression and balance is excessive, and balance and strut do not make full use of the space in mold cavity when designing,
Cause balance rigidity and bearing capacity deficiency.In addition, three sections of measuring cells, length and material after in before the generally use of rod-type balance
Cutting is serious, further loss balance rigidity.
The content of the invention
The present invention is not abundant in order to solve equal diameter three-stage rod-type balance rigidity and bearing capacity deficiency and balance design
The defects of using mould impression space, there is provided a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance and strut, using unique mentality of designing and
The rigidity and bearing capacity of rod-type balance and branching rod structure strengthening system, improve the safety and stability of wind-tunnel balance,
Extend the service life of balance.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance, including the gentle strut in rod-type day:
The rod-type balance both ends are pyramidal structure, and the centre at rod-type balance both ends is day flat elements,
The day flat elements are pyramidal structure, and big end position is provided with five component elements in pyramidal structure, close to small
End position is provided with resistance element,
The strut includes tapered front end and waits straight section, and the rod-type balance is matched with the tapered front end of strut by the conical surface
And tensed using chock, the rod-type balance is arranged at the interior intracavitary of tested model,
The minimum diameter of the tested mould impression is more than the maximum gauge of rod-type balance.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the taper phase of the taper of the tapered front end of the strut and the day flat elements of rod-type balance
Deng.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the maximum gauge of the tapered front end of the strut and the minimum of day flat elements pyramidal structure
Diameter is equal.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the diameter phase of the straight section such as the minimum diameter of the tapered front end of the rod-type balance and strut
Deng.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, five component elements include symmetrically arranged girder construction more than four groups, on axis
Piece beam be measuring cell, the column beam positioned at all quadrants is load bearing beam.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the resistance element of the rod-type balance includes a pair of of the Y for being symmetrical with balance axis arrangement
Shape measuring cell and two groups of resistance support shrapnels.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the resistance support shrapnel is two groups of variable cross-section bullets for being symmetrical with balance axis arrangement
Piece.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, every group of support elastic sheet equal strength, width match with day flat elements tapered shape.
The present invention operation principle be:Using model balance strut system variant feature, make full use of mould impression sufficient
Space, increases balance diameter as far as possible, shortens balance length, reduces scale material cutting, reaches strengthening system rigidity and carrying energy
The purpose of power.Specifically, after model is subject to aerodynamic loading, die body can regard rigid body as and be basically unchanged shape, deformation master in itself
To be produced by balance and strut.After being deformed, most probable and model touching are the straight sections such as model afterbody inner cavity and strut, and
Mould impression inner space is more sufficient.Therefore, mould impression remaining space can be made full use of, increases balance diameter, to subtract
Few balance stand under load deformation.In addition, two other key factor for influencing balance deformation is balance length and material cutting degree, because
This can shorten balance leement duration, and rigidity is further improved using two-part balance topology layout.
The invention has the advantages that:First, having developed the model balance strut system design cooling load of uniqueness, breach
Traditional equal diameter balance strut design method and three-stage rod-type day flat structure.Two are increased balance diameter, shorten balance
Length, balance deformation is small, improves the rigidity and bearing capacity of balance.Third, effective suppression system vibration, improves experiment
Safety and stability, extends balance service life, improves the overall performance of balance strut.Fourth, expand balance design
Space, reduces balance design difficulty, is conducive to balance component structure and layout optimization design.Fifth, it can be widely applied to impact
During the wind tunnel test balance that load is big or vibration is violent is developed, there is good practicality and promotional value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance assembling schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional views of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional views of Fig. 2;
In figure:1. model, 11. inner cavities, 12. afterbody inner cavities, 2. rod-type day flat elements, 21. big ends, 22. 5 component elements,
221. measuring cells, 222. load bearing beams, 23. resistance elements, 231. elastic support sheets, 232. Y-shaped measuring cells, 24. small ends,
3. strut, 31. tapered front ends, 32. grade straight sections.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance assembling schematic diagram of the present invention.A kind of small deformation of the present invention
Wind-tunnel balance mainly includes the gentle strut in rod-type day, and the rod-type balance is tensed with strut by cone match chock,
Bullet is located inside mould impression.The rod-type day flat elements maximum gauge is slightly less than model afterbody inner cavity minimum diameter,
While rod-type balance element diameter is increased, facilitate the installation and dismounting of model.The rod-type day flat elements conical section
Minimum diameter is more than straight section diameter, the numerical value such as strut and is calculated by the taper constraints such as balance and strut front end.
Fig. 2 is a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance structure diagram of the present invention.The rod-type day flat elements are in cone
Shape, is more than the end diameter close to model afterbody, in the big end of rod-type day flat elements close to the outside diameter of dummy head
Side sets five component elements, and small end side sets resistance element.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional views of Fig. 2, and five component elements of rod-type balance are to be symmetrical arranged girder construction more than four groups, position
It is measuring cell in the piece beam on axis, the column beam positioned at all quadrants is load bearing beam.
Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional views of Fig. 2, and the resistance element of the rod-type balance is be symmetrical with balance axis arrangement one
It is right " Y " shape measuring cells.The resistance support shrapnel of the rod-type balance is two groups of variable cross-sections for being symmetrical with balance axis arrangement
Shrapnel, every group of support elastic sheet are designed by the principle of equal strength, and width is adapted to day flat elements tapered shape.
A kind of implementation steps of small deformation wind-tunnel balance of the present invention are further illustrated referring to Fig. 1-4:
The maximum gauge of the straight sections such as strut is estimated that according to the minimum diameter of model afterbody inner cavity and aerodynamic loading,
Ensure there are enough gaps afterbody inner cavity is not touched during experiment with straight sections such as struts.Meanwhile according to model afterbody
The minimum diameter of inner cavity can determine the maximum gauge of the big end of rod-type day flat elements, it is ensured that rod-type day flat elements can be inserted smoothly
Enter mould impression, the installation and dismounting of implementation model.Can according to the length of the preliminary diameter dimension of above-mentioned two and mould impression
To calculate rod-type day flat elements and the identical taper of strut tapered front end, its length is less than the length of mould impression, so as not to
Influence model afterbody inner cavity aerodynamic characteristic.
Further, it is possible to it is other suitably sized to estimate mould impression, it is ensured that before rod-type day flat elements and strut taper
End is internal to have enough gaps not touch with mould impression after stand under load.Since strut tapered front end and rod-type day flat elements are
Variable cross-section slowly increases, and system overall stiffness and comprehensive on the one hand greatly improved on the premise of dismounting is not influenced
Energy;On the other hand slowly varying section is optimized balance stress distribution, enhances the peace of balance and strut coupling part
Quan Xing.
The typical structure of rod-type balance of the present invention as shown in Fig. 2, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, according to balance design load and
Other technical indicators, determine length, five component elements, the physical dimension of resistance element of rod-type day flat elements, make balance as far as possible
Element is compact, to further improve balance rigidity.Five component elements use more girder constructions, and each beam section is arranged on as far as possible in Fig. 3
Position away from centroidal principal axis is to improve section bending stiffness.Preferentially, four piece beams positioned at reference axis may be selected as survey
Element is measured, the root column beam for selecting to be arranged symmetrically is as load bearing beam, in order to process and paste strain gauge.
The Y-shaped measuring cell transition of resistance element is round and smooth, prevents stress concentration;Strain gauge is pasted onto the oblique of the beam of uniform strength
On face, to reduce the influence that strain gauge paste position is brought.Each physical dimension of every group of elastic support sheet is true by the principle of equal strength
Fixed, proof stress distribution is than more uniform, without obvious stress concentration.
According to Load Characteristics and specific design objective, five component elements and resistance element may alternatively be other
The flexible member of structure type.
Balance is complicated, and Traditional calculating methods are difficult to more accurately be deformed and displacement result, before processing
Space interference situation after the stand under load of serious analysis and prediction model and strut, reserves certain surplus.Therefore, after the completion of design
Model balance branch lever system need to carry out deformation simulation by finite element emulation software, and adjust relative dimensions so that model
Inner cavity makes full use of, and gap is enough, it is ensured that the straight section such as model afterbody inner cavity and strut is in the situation by limit aerodynamic loading
Under space interference does not occur.
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance, including the gentle strut in rod-type day, it is characterised in that:
The rod-type balance both ends are pyramidal structure, and the centre at rod-type balance both ends is day flat elements,
The day flat elements are pyramidal structure, and big end position is provided with five component elements in pyramidal structure, close to small end
Position is provided with resistance element,
The strut includes tapered front end and waits straight section, and the rod-type balance is matched with the tapered front end of strut by the conical surface and profit
Being tensed with chock, the rod-type balance is arranged at the interior intracavitary of tested model,
The minimum diameter of the tested mould impression is more than the maximum gauge of rod-type balance.
A kind of 2. small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tapered front end of the strut
Taper it is equal with the taper of the day flat elements of rod-type balance.
A kind of 3. small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the tapered front end of the strut
Maximum gauge it is equal with the minimum diameter of day flat elements pyramidal structure.
A kind of 4. small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the taper of the rod-type balance
The diameter of the straight sections such as the minimum diameter of front end and strut is equal.
5. a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that five component elements include
Symmetrically arranged girder construction more than four groups, the piece beam on axis are measuring cell, and the column beam positioned at all quadrants is load bearing beam.
A kind of 6. small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the resistance of the rod-type balance
Element includes a pair of of the Y shape measuring cell and two groups of resistance support shrapnels for being symmetrical with balance axis arrangement.
7. a kind of small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the resistance support shrapnel is
It is symmetrical with two groups of variable cross-section shrapnels of balance axis arrangement.
A kind of 8. small deformation wind-tunnel balance according to claim 6, it is characterised in that every group of support elastic sheet equal strength,
Width matches with day flat elements tapered shape.
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