CN105605882A - Method for composite refrigeration natural gas liquefaction - Google Patents

Method for composite refrigeration natural gas liquefaction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105605882A
CN105605882A CN201510977858.8A CN201510977858A CN105605882A CN 105605882 A CN105605882 A CN 105605882A CN 201510977858 A CN201510977858 A CN 201510977858A CN 105605882 A CN105605882 A CN 105605882A
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China
Prior art keywords
natural gas
refrigeration
ice chest
nitrogen
refrigerant
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CN201510977858.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105605882B (en
Inventor
杜丽民
银永明
宋世昌
龚金海
陈清涛
耿红明
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Sinopec Oilfield Service Corp
Sinopec Zhongyuan Petroleum Engineering Design Co Ltd
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Sinopec Oilfield Service Corp
Sinopec Zhongyuan Petroleum Engineering Design Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510977858.8A priority Critical patent/CN105605882B/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0269Arrangement of liquefaction units or equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple "trains" concept
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/007Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
    • F25J1/0072Nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0085Ethane; Ethylene
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0087Propane; Propylene
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0207Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level SCR refrigeration cascade

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for natural gas liquefaction, in particular to a method for composite refrigeration natural gas liquefaction by adopting propane and ethylene refrigerant stepwise refrigeration and nitrogen expansion cycle. The method for composite refrigeration natural gas liquefaction is used for heat exchange of pretreated natural gas and a composite refrigerant in a cold box heat exchanger, so as to liquefy the natural gas into liquefied natural gas. The method comprises the steps of first making the pretreated natural gas enter a primary cold box to be subject to refrigeration cycle heat exchange with propane to -30 DEG C to -60 DEG C; making the natural gas enter a secondary cold box to be subject to refrigeration cycle heat exchange with ethylene to -90 DEG C; and finally making the natural gas enter a third-stage cold box to be subject to expansion refrigeration cycle heat exchange with nitrogen to -150 DEG C to -160 DEG C to form finished liquefied natural gas. According to the method for liquefying the natural gas, the refrigerant is a pure substance, no ratio problem occurs, and the refrigerant is stable to operate. Low temperature level refrigerant nitrogen is non-combustible fluid, space is saved better in plane arrangement, and the operational safety is higher.

Description

A kind of compound-refrigerating natural gas liquefaction
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of natural gas liquefaction, be specifically related to a kind of adopt propane, ethene cryogen stepwise refrigeration withNitrogen expansion circulation compound-refrigerating formula natural gas liquefaction.
Background technology
Refrigeration natural gas liquefaction process typically has stepwise refrigeration, azeotrope refrigeration, three kinds of methods of swell refrigeration. By machineTool industry publishing house, the 3rd chapter in " LNG Technology " book of the works such as Gu Anzhong has just been introduced the former of these three kinds of techniquesReason and method, different refrigeration process, all can be used alone, and is applied in natural gas liquefaction device.
Stepwise refrigeration adopts propane, ethene, three kinds of cryogens of methane conventionally, by three grades of cooling cycle systems independently, eachIn kind of refrigeration cycle, all contain three heat exchangers, in Cascade, the circulation of the cold-producing medium that boiling point is higher turns coldMove the circulation of the cold-producing medium lower to adjacent boiling point: first order propane refrigeration circulation provides cold for natural gas, ethene and methaneAmount; Ethylene refrigeration circulation in the second level provides cold for natural gas and methane; Third level methane refrigeration cycle provides cold for natural gasAmount. Cooling by every grade of circulation various heat exchange device, the temperature of natural gas progressively reduces until liquefy, and liquefies thereby realizeJourney, this kind of flow process technology maturation, stable operation, energy consumption is low, but that shortcoming is flow process is more complicated, refrigerant medium is combustible fluid, peaceFull property requires high.
Swell refrigeration flow process refer to utilize Cloud's circularly cooling (the kind of refrigeration cycle flow process of being initiated by Cloud for 1902,By turbo-expander adiabatic expansion, make the interior of gas discharge and greatly to improve with the form of merit at this circulation mesohigh gasKind of refrigeration cycle efficiency) realize the flow process of natural gas liquefaction.
Typical case's nitrogen expansion liquefaction flow path, in natural gas liquefaction loop, unstripped gas enters after pretreatment unit is processedIce chest and low temperature nitrogen change cold, and extract out in stage casing, isolate after heavy hydrocarbon, then it are further cooling and cross and be as cold as after-160 DEG C to return to ice chestObtain LNG. In nitrogen expansion liquefaction cycle, nitrogen is compressed to 1.8MPa left and right through compressor, enters ice chest cooling laggardEnter turbo-expander and expand and obtain lower temperature, then return to ice chest cold is provided, the low-pressure nitrogen that leaves ice chest enters compressionMachine supercharging, recycles. This flow process is succinct, easy and simple to handle, especially as the nitrogen of cold-producing medium, is non-combustible fluid, operation peaceGood perfection. Shortcoming is that, if LNG produces all employing nitrogen expansion refrigeration, flow process energy consumption is higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to problems of the prior art a kind of propane, ethene cryogen stepwise refrigeration and nitrogen of adopting is providedExpansion cycles compound-refrigerating formula natural gas liquefaction.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of compound-refrigerating natural gas liquefaction, the method is for existing pretreated natural gas and described compound-refrigerating agentHeat exchange in ice chest heat exchanger, turns to liquefied natural gas by described natural gas liquid, comprises the steps:
First natural gas after pretreatment is entered to one-level ice chest, be chilled to-30 DEG C~-60 DEG C with propane refrigeration circulating picture-changing;
Enter again secondary ice chest, be chilled to-90 DEG C with ethylene refrigeration circulating picture-changing;
Finally enter three grades of ice chests, with nitrogen expansion kind of refrigeration cycle change be chilled to-150 DEG C~-160 DEG C form liquefied natural gas becomeProduct.
Concrete, described one-level ice chest operating pressure is 5~10MPa, natural gas goes out the outlet of propane refrigeration circulation section ice chestTemperature is-30 DEG C, if there is pressure energy, making full use of throttling to pressure is 4~5MPa, obtains lower temperature, is-50~-60℃。
Liquefied natural gas method provided by the invention is different from the method for existing stepwise or swell refrigeration, be by propane,Ethene provides relatively-high temperature position cold, and nitrogen provides the cold of low-temperature level, so not only makes systems at different levels in gas deliquescence processThe cooling curve of cold temperature and unstripped gas approaches, and has reduced entropy increasing, and energy consumption is close to the theoretical thermodynamic efficiency upper limit, energyConsume low; Cold-producing medium is pure material, there is no proportioning problem, stable operation; Meanwhile, low-temperature level cryogen nitrogen is non-combustible fluid, flatFace layout is more saved space, and processing safety is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is technical module figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of compound-refrigerating natural gas liquefaction, the method is used for pretreated natural gas and described compound-refrigeratingAgent heat exchange in ice chest heat exchanger, turns to liquefied natural gas by described natural gas liquid, comprises the steps:
First natural gas after pretreatment is entered to one-level ice chest, be chilled to-30 DEG C~-60 DEG C with propane refrigeration circulating picture-changing, at propaneIn kind of refrigeration cycle, propane through compressor supercharging, cooling after, after a part of propane throttling cooling, enter one-level ice chest and natural gas,Heavy hydrocarbon heat exchange, after another part propane throttling cooling, gas phase is returned to propane compressor entrance, liquid phase with one-level ice chest exitPropane enters secondary ice chest again after throttling cooling, after natural gas, ethene heat exchange, gasifies, and returns to secondary ice chest suction port of compressor,Described one-level ice chest operating pressure is 5~10MPa, and natural gas goes out propane refrigeration circulation section ice chest outlet temperature and is-30 DEG C, if havingPressure energy, making full use of throttling to pressure is 4~5MPa, obtains lower temperature, is-50~-60 DEG C. ;
Enter again secondary ice chest at one-level ice chest heat exchange natural gas after treatment, be chilled to-90 DEG C with ethylene refrigeration circulating picture-changing, in secondIn alkene kind of refrigeration cycle, ethene through compressor supercharging, cooling after, the propane refrigeration of first flowing through circulation ice chest carries out precooling, then throttling is fallenWen Hou, gasifies after entering secondary ice chest and heat exchange gas, returns to suction port of compressor;
Finally enter three grades of ice chests at secondary ice chest heat exchange natural gas after treatment, in three grades of ice chests, follow with nitrogen expansion refrigerationRing changes and is chilled to-150 DEG C~-160 DEG C formation liquefied natural gas finished products, and in nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle, nitrogen is through two stages of compression, coolingAfter be divided into two strands, enter respectively nitrogen ice chest, enter respectively high and low temperature decompressor step-down cooling from two strands of nitrogen of ice chest outletAfter return to ice chest, be natural gas and the nitrogen precooled cold that provides, after two strands of nitrogen cooling box, converge and enter nitrogen one stage compressorEntrance, nitrogen split-compressor is directly driven by nitrogen expansion machine. Natural gas reaches-150~-160 DEG C after nitrogen circulation,Obtain LNG.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; To the greatest extentPipe has been described in detail the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: stillCan modify or part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And do not depart from thisThe spirit of bright technical scheme, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of request protection of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a compound-refrigerating natural gas liquefaction, the method is used for pretreated natural gas and described compound-refrigerating agentHeat exchange in ice chest heat exchanger, turns to liquefied natural gas by described natural gas liquid, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps: headFirst natural gas after pretreatment is entered to one-level ice chest, be chilled to-30 DEG C~-60 DEG C with propane refrigeration circulating picture-changing; Enter again secondary coldCase, is chilled to-90 DEG C with ethylene refrigeration circulating picture-changing; Finally enter three grades of ice chests, change and be chilled to-150 DEG C with nitrogen expansion kind of refrigeration cycle~-160 DEG C form liquefied natural gas finished product.
2. compound-refrigerating natural gas liquefaction according to claim 1, is characterized in that described one-level ice chest operating pressureBe 5~10MPa, natural gas goes out propane refrigeration circulation section ice chest outlet temperature and is-30 DEG C, if there is pressure energy, makes full use of jointFlowing to pressure is 4~5MPa, obtains lower temperature, is-50~-60 DEG C.
CN201510977858.8A 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 A kind of compound-refrigerating natural gas liquefaction Active CN105605882B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106895662A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-06-27 蚌埠市荣强压缩机制造有限公司 A kind of small-scaled natural gas liquification device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101126041A (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-02-20 林寿贵 Cascade connection method for preparing liquefied natural gas
CN101858683A (en) * 2010-04-30 2010-10-13 浙江大学 System for producing liquefied natural gas by utilizing liquid nitrogen cold energy
CN101948706A (en) * 2010-08-18 2011-01-19 中国海洋石油总公司 Mixed refrigerant and nitrogen expansion combinational refrigeration type natural gas liquefying method
WO2011135335A2 (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 Costain Oil, Gas & Process Limited Process and apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas
CN103062989A (en) * 2013-01-24 2013-04-24 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 Natural gas liquefaction device and process for mixed refrigeration

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101126041A (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-02-20 林寿贵 Cascade connection method for preparing liquefied natural gas
CN101858683A (en) * 2010-04-30 2010-10-13 浙江大学 System for producing liquefied natural gas by utilizing liquid nitrogen cold energy
WO2011135335A2 (en) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 Costain Oil, Gas & Process Limited Process and apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas
CN101948706A (en) * 2010-08-18 2011-01-19 中国海洋石油总公司 Mixed refrigerant and nitrogen expansion combinational refrigeration type natural gas liquefying method
CN103062989A (en) * 2013-01-24 2013-04-24 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 Natural gas liquefaction device and process for mixed refrigeration

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106895662A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-06-27 蚌埠市荣强压缩机制造有限公司 A kind of small-scaled natural gas liquification device

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