CN102748918A - Natural gas liquefying system by vurtue of double-stage mixed-refrigerant circulation - Google Patents
Natural gas liquefying system by vurtue of double-stage mixed-refrigerant circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748918A CN102748918A CN2012102291318A CN201210229131A CN102748918A CN 102748918 A CN102748918 A CN 102748918A CN 2012102291318 A CN2012102291318 A CN 2012102291318A CN 201210229131 A CN201210229131 A CN 201210229131A CN 102748918 A CN102748918 A CN 102748918A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural gas liquefying system by virtue of double-stage mixed-refrigerant circulation. The liquefying system comprises a precooling cold box, a deep-cooling cold box, a precooling mixed-refrigerant refrigeration circulating mechanism and a deep-cooling mixed-refrigerant refrigeration circulating mechanism. The natural gas liquefying system has the advantages that deep-cooling circulation adopts two-stage refrigeration, so that the refrigerating efficiency is increased; the double-stage mixed-refrigerant circulation is adopted, so that the adjusting range of components of a precooling refrigerant and a deep-cooling refrigerant is wide, and the refrigerant proportioning is convenient; the refrigerating temperature of the precooling refrigerant circulation can be correspondingly adjusted according to the natural gas components and the ambient temperature, the adaptability is strong; in double-stage mixed-refrigerant circulation, the refrigerating loads in two circulations can be reasonably distributed, and the manufacturing of a precooling heat exchanger and a deep-cooling plate-fin heat exchanger is convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of twin-stage azeotrope circulation natural gas liquefaction system, belong to the natural gas liquefaction technical field.
Background technology
Large-scale natural gas liquefaction device mainly adopts the DMR liquefaction process of azeotrope liquefaction process, cascade type liquefaction process and the exploitation of Shell company of propane precooling at present.The azeotrope liquefaction process of propane precooling adopts pure propane to make the precooling cryogen, and precooling temperature is certain, and is relatively poor to the adaptability of environment temperature and natural gas, and the heat exchanger quantity of propane chilldown system is more, system complex; Three cover refrigeration systems of cascade type liquefaction process adopt propane, ethene and methane to make cold-producing medium respectively, and high to the purity requirement of cold-producing medium, the flow process of liquefaction process is complicated, and number of devices is many, and investment is many; Wound tube heat exchanger is all adopted in the precooling circulation of the DMR technology of Shell company exploitation and deep cooling circulation; Two wound tube heat exchanger series connection are adopted in the precooling circulation, and the manufacturer of this heat exchanger is few, and expense is high; Delivery cycle is long; And the precooling of Shell company has only throttling under two pressure, and temperature difference of heat exchanger is bigger, and overall energy consumption is higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate, safe and reliable, high, the adaptable twin-stage azeotrope circulation natural gas liquefaction system of efficient.
A kind of twin-stage azeotrope circulation natural gas liquefaction system provided by the present invention comprises precooling ice chest, deep cooling ice chest, precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism and deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism;
Said precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises three grades of compression units, and said three grades of compression units comprise one-level precooling cryogen compressor, secondary precooling cryogen compressor and the three grades of precooling cryogen compressors that link to each other successively; The inlet of said one-level precooling cryogen compressor is connected with said precooling ice chest with pipeline a between the outlet of three grades of precooling cryogen compressors; Pipeline between said three grades of precooling cryogen compressors and the said precooling ice chest is provided with precooling cryogen cooler, is connected with the bottom of said precooling ice chest again after said pipeline a draws from the bottom of said precooling ice chest, and this connection place is provided with choke valve; Pipeline between said one-level precooling cryogen compressor and the secondary precooling cryogen compressor is connected with pipeline a in being located at said precooling ice chest, and this pipeline that is connected is provided with choke valve; Pipeline between said secondary precooling cryogen compressor and the three grades of precooling cryogen compressors is connected with pipeline a in being located at said precooling ice chest, and this pipeline that is connected is provided with choke valve;
Said deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises the secondary compression unit, and this secondary compression unit comprises one-level deep cooling cryogen cooler, one-level deep cooling cryogen compressor, secondary deep cooling cryogen cooler and the secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor that links to each other successively; The outlet of said secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor is introduced in the said precooling ice chest through the top of pipeline from said precooling ice chest, and draws the back from the bottom of said precooling ice chest and be connected with deep cooling cryogen knockout drum;
The gaseous phase outlet of said deep cooling cryogen knockout drum is introduced in the said deep cooling ice chest through the top of pipeline from said deep cooling ice chest; Draw through the liquefaction stages of said deep cooling ice chest and the bottom of the said deep cooling ice chest of deep cooling Duan Houcong; Be connected with the bottom of said deep cooling ice chest then and enter in the said deep cooling ice chest; This connection place is provided with choke valve, draws the back from the top of said deep cooling ice chest through pipeline b afterwards and is connected with said one-level deep cooling cryogen cooler;
The liquid phase outlet of said deep cooling cryogen knockout drum is introduced in the said deep cooling ice chest through the top of pipeline from said deep cooling ice chest; Draw from the middle part of said deep cooling ice chest through after the liquefaction stages of said deep cooling ice chest; Be connected with said deep cooling ice chest then and enter in the said deep cooling ice chest; This connection place is provided with choke valve, is connected with said pipeline b through pipeline c afterwards.
In the above-mentioned liquefaction system, be provided with plate-fin heat exchanger in the said precooling ice chest; Be provided with wound tube heat exchanger in the said deep cooling ice chest, to simplify the ice chest internal structure, the security that improves ice chest.
In the above-mentioned liquefaction system, said choke valve can be the J/T valve.
Liquefaction system provided by the invention is applicable to produces the LNG scale per year in basic lotus type natural gas liquefaction plant and floating natural gas liquefaction plant more than 500,000 tons.When using liquefaction system provided by the invention; Natural gas after can be with preliminary treatment qualified (being meant through satisfying basic lotus type natural gas liquefaction plant after desulfurization, decarburization, demercuration, the dehydration to getting into the quality requirement of liquefaction unit natural gas) carries out precooling in the precooling ice chest; In the deep cooling ice chest, the natural gas after the precooling is further lowered the temperature then, get into LNG tank through throttling at last.
Liquefaction system provided by the invention adopts plate-fin heat exchanger as main heat exchanger, has improved the performance of heat exchanger, has improved liquefied fraction.The two-stage refrigeration is adopted in deep cooling circulation of the present invention, has improved refrigerating efficiency.The present invention adopts the circulation of twin-stage azeotrope, the adjustable range broad of the component of precooling cryogen and deep cooling cryogen, and the cryogen proportioning is convenient.The cryogenic temperature of precooling refrigerant cycle can carry out corresponding adjusting according to gas component and environment temperature, and adaptability is strong.In the twin-stage azeotrope circulation, cooling load that can two circulations of reasonable distribution helps the manufacturing of precool heat exchanger device and deep cooling plate-fin heat exchanger.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of twin-stage azeotrope circulation natural gas liquefaction system provided by the invention.
Each mark is following among the figure: 1 precooling ice chest, 2 deep cooling ice chests, 3 one-level precooling cryogen compressors, 4 secondary precooling cryogen compressors, 5 three grades of precooling cryogen compressors, 6 pipeline a, 7 precooling cryogen coolers, 81; 82; 83; 84,85J/T valve, 9 one-level deep cooling cryogen coolers, 10 one-level deep cooling cryogen compressors, 11 secondary deep cooling cryogen coolers, 12 secondary deep cooling cryogen compressors, 13 deep cooling cryogen knockout drums, 14 pipeline b, 15 pipeline c, 16 heavy hydrocarbon knockout drums.
The specific embodiment
Employed experimental technique is conventional method like no specified otherwise among the following embodiment.
Used material, reagent etc. like no specified otherwise, all can obtain from commercial sources among the following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, liquefaction system provided by the invention comprises precooling ice chest 1, deep cooling ice chest 2, precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism and deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism; Wherein, be provided with plate-fin heat exchanger in the precooling ice chest 1, be provided with wound tube heat exchanger in the deep cooling ice chest 2;
This precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises three grades of compression units, and these three grades of compression units comprise one-level precooling cryogen compressor 3, secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4 and the three grades of precooling cryogen compressors 5 that link to each other successively; The inlet of this one-level precooling cryogen compressor 3 is connected with precooling ice chest 1 with pipeline a6 between the outlet of three grades of precooling cryogen compressors 5;
Pipeline between three grades of precooling cryogen compressors 5 and the precooling ice chest 1 is provided with precooling cryogen cooler 7, is connected with the bottom of precooling ice chest 1 again after this pipeline a6 draws from the bottom of precooling ice chest 1, and this connection place is provided with J/T valve 81; Pipeline between one-level precooling cryogen compressor 3 and the secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4 is connected with pipeline a6 in being located at precooling ice chest 1, and this pipeline that is connected is provided with J/T valve 82; Pipeline between secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4 and the three grades of precooling cryogen compressors 5 is connected with pipeline a6 in being located at precooling ice chest 1, and this pipeline that is connected is provided with J/T valve 83;
This deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises the secondary compression unit, and this secondary compression unit comprises one-level deep cooling cryogen cooler 9, one-level deep cooling cryogen compressor 10, secondary deep cooling cryogen cooler 11 and the secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor 12 that links to each other successively; The outlet of secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor 12 is introduced in the precooling ice chest 1 through the top of pipeline from precooling ice chest 1, and draws the back from the bottom of precooling ice chest 1 and be connected with deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13;
The gaseous phase outlet of this deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13 is introduced in the deep cooling ice chest 2 through the top of pipeline from deep cooling ice chest 2; Draw through the liquefaction stages of deep cooling ice chest 2 and the bottom of deep cooling Duan Houcong deep cooling ice chest 2; Be connected with the bottom of deep cooling ice chest 2 then and enter in the deep cooling ice chest 2; This connection place is provided with J/T valve 84, draws the back from the top of deep cooling ice chest 2 through pipeline b14 afterwards and is connected with one-level deep cooling cryogen cooler 9;
The liquid phase outlet of this deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13 is introduced in the deep cooling ice chest 2 through the top of pipeline from deep cooling ice chest 2; Draw from the middle part of deep cooling ice chest 2 after the liquefaction stages through deep cooling ice chest 2; Be connected with deep cooling ice chest 2 then and enter in the deep cooling ice chest 2; This connection place is provided with J/T valve 85, is connected with pipeline b14 through pipeline c15 afterwards.
Use above-mentioned twin-stage azeotrope circulation natural gas liquefaction system to the liquefaction of the raw natural gas in certain overseas gas field, feed gas composition is 88.75% methane, 4.34% ethane, 2.18% propane, 0.54% butane, 0.54 iso-butane, 3.1% nitrogen, C5+ component and other 0.55%; Adopt the precooling azeotrope to form by 45% propane and 55% ethane; The deep cooling cryogen is made up of 35.5% methane, 15.9% propane, 5.5% nitrogen and 43.1%.
Summer condition carry out, about 40 ℃, main implementation step is following through water cooler or the cooled temperature of aerial cooler for natural gas and azeotrope:
In precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism, the low-pressure vapor phase cryogen that comes out from 1 heat exchange of precooling ice chest compresses and is cooled to 3.5MPa, about 40 ℃ subcooled liquid through three sections of three grades of compression units.Liquid precooling cryogen gets into the heat exchanger of precooling ice chest 1 from the top of precooling ice chest 1; In precooling ice chest 1, be depressurized to 1.87MPa, 12 ℃ through 83 throttlings of J/T valve and get back in the precooling ice chest 1 through isolating one precooling cryogen after first section heat exchange; Natural gas, high pressure precooling cryogen and deep cooling cryogen are cooled to about 15 ℃; Provide the low pressure precooling cryogen behind the cold to get back in the precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism; Converge with the cryogen of secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4 outlets, enter into three grades of precooling cryogen compressors 5; Other high pressure precooling cryogen continues to prolong precooling ice chest 1 and cools off downwards; Be depressurized to 0.89MPa, about-18 ℃ through 82 throttlings of J/T valve and get back in the precooling ice chest 1 through isolating one cryogen after second section heat exchange; Natural gas, high pressure precooling cryogen and deep cooling cryogen are cooled to about-15 ℃; Provide the low pressure precooling cryogen behind the cold to get back in the precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism, converge, enter into secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4 with the cryogen of one-level precooling cryogen compressor 3 outlets; The residue cryogen continues downwards; Draw from precooling ice chest 1 bottom about-50 ℃ until being cooled to; Through 81 throttlings of J/T valve be depressurized to 0.29MPa with about-53 ℃, and get into precooling ice chest 1 from the bottom, natural gas, high pressure precooling cryogen and deep cooling cryogen are cooled to about-50 ℃; Provide low pressure precooling cryogen behind the cold from ice chest CB-1, to discharge and get into one section C1-1 inlet of precooling compressor, accomplish a circulation.
In deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism; Be pressurized to 3.0MPa through secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor 12; And the deep cooling refrigerant gas that is cooled to the high pressure after 40 ℃ has partial condensation after when in precooling ice chest 1, being cooled to-50 ℃, gets into deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13, and the liquid after the separation gets in the deep cooling ice chest 2 cold excessively; Be cooled to draw from the middle part of deep cooling ice chest 2 about-124 ℃; Be depressurized to about 0.32MPa through 85 throttlings of J/T valve, mix with the low pressure deep cooling cryogen that deep cooling ice chest 2 bottoms are returned, for natural gas liquefaction provides cold.The condensation and cold excessively in deep cooling ice chest 2 of deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13 isolated gases; Temperature reaches about-155 ℃ draws from the bottom of deep cooling ice chest 2; Be depressurized to about 0.23MPa through 84 throttlings of J/T valve; Temperature is about-160 ℃, returns in deep cooling ice chest 2 bottoms, and cold is provided for natural gas is cold excessively.Deep cooling cryogen after the gasification is discharged from the top of deep cooling ice chest 2, gets into the secondary compression unit, compresses again, accomplishes a kind of refrigeration cycle.
Natural gas after preliminary treatment is qualified carries out three grades of precoolings in precooling ice chest 1; Temperature reaches respectively about 15 ℃ ,-15 ℃ and-50 ℃; After 16 separation of heavy hydrocarbon knockout drum; In deep cooling ice chest 2, will further lower the temperature and liquefy, finally be cooled to, get into LNG tank through throttling to about-155 ℃.
Use liquefaction system provided by the invention to carry out natural gas liquefaction in the winter time, natural gas and azeotrope process water cooler or the cooled temperature of aerial cooler are about 20 ℃; The precooling azeotrope that wherein adopts is made up of propane and ethane, and with respect to the condition in summer, ethane content increases in the precooling cryogen; The deep cooling cryogen is made up of methane, ethane, propane and nitrogen, and with respect to the condition in summer, the propane content in the deep cooling cryogen reduces.
Main implementation step is following:
In precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism, the low-pressure vapor phase cryogen that comes out from precooling ice chest 1 compresses and is cooled to 3.5MPa, about 20 ℃ subcooled liquid through three sections of three grades of compression units.Liquid precooling cryogen gets into the heat exchanger in the precooling ice chest 1 from the top of precooling ice chest 1; In precooling ice chest 1, after first section heat exchange, isolate one precooling cryogen and carry out the throttling step-down through J/T valve 83;-8 ℃ azeotrope is got back in the heat exchanger; Natural gas, high pressure precooling cryogen and deep cooling cryogen are cooled to about-5 ℃; Get into precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism for heat exchanger provides the low pressure refrigerant behind the cold, converge, enter into three grades of precooling cryogen compressors 5 with the cryogen of secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4 outlets; It is downward that the residue cryogen continues to prolong the precool heat exchanger device; After second section heat exchange, isolate one cryogen and carry out the throttling step-down through J/T valve 82; Low pressure cryogen after the step-down about-33 ℃ returns among the heat exchanger E3, and natural gas, high pressure precooling cryogen and deep cooling cryogen are cooled to about-30 ℃, provides the low pressure precooling cryogen behind the cold to get into precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism; Converge with the cryogen of one-level precooling cryogen compressor 3 outlets, enter into secondary precooling cryogen compressor 4; Remaining cryogen continues to be cooled to draw from precool heat exchanger device bottom about-60 ℃ and carry out the throttling step-down through J/T valve 81; The low pressure cryogen that is depressurized to about-63 ℃ gets into the precool heat exchanger device from the bottom; Natural gas, high pressure precooling cold-producing medium and cryogenic refrigeration agent are cooled to about-60 ℃; Provide the low pressure precooling cryogen behind the cold to get into one-level precooling cryogen compressor 3 inlets, accomplish a circulation.
In deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism; Be pressurized to 3.0MPa through secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor 12; And the deep cooling refrigerant gas that is cooled to the high pressure after 20 ℃ has partial condensation after when in precooling ice chest 1, being cooled to-60 ℃, gets into deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13, and the liquid after the separation gets in the deep cooling ice chest 2 cold excessively; Be cooled to draw from the middle part of deep cooling ice chest 2 about-124 ℃; Be depressurized to about 0.32MPa through 85 throttlings of J/T valve, and return the deep cooling heat exchanger after about-127 ℃ low pressure deep cooling cryogen that deep cooling heat exchanger bottom is returned mixes, for natural gas liquefaction provides cold.Isolated gas condensation and cold excessively in deep cooling ice chest 2 in deep cooling cryogen knockout drum 13; Temperature reaches about-155 ℃ draws from the bottom of deep cooling heat exchanger; Be depressurized to about 0.23MPa through 84 throttlings of J/T valve; Temperature is about-160 ℃, returns in deep cooling heat exchanger bottom, and cold is provided for natural gas is cold excessively.Deep cooling cryogen after the gasification is discharged from the top of deep cooling ice chest 2, gets into the secondary compression unit, compresses again, accomplishes a kind of refrigeration cycle.
Natural gas after preliminary treatment is qualified carries out three grades of precoolings in precooling ice chest 1; Temperature reaches respectively about-5 ℃ ,-30 ℃ and-60 ℃; After 16 separation of heavy hydrocarbon knockout drum; In deep cooling ice chest 2, will further lower the temperature and liquefy, finally be cooled to, get into LNG tank through throttling to about-155 ℃.
Claims (3)
1. twin-stage azeotrope circulation natural gas liquefaction system, it is characterized in that: said liquefaction system comprises precooling ice chest, deep cooling ice chest, precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism and deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism;
Said precooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises three grades of compression units, and said three grades of compression units comprise one-level precooling cryogen compressor, secondary precooling cryogen compressor and the three grades of precooling cryogen compressors that link to each other successively; The inlet of said one-level precooling cryogen compressor is connected with said precooling ice chest with pipeline a between the outlet of three grades of precooling cryogen compressors; Pipeline between said three grades of precooling cryogen compressors and the said precooling ice chest is provided with precooling cryogen cooler, is connected with the bottom of said precooling ice chest again after said pipeline a draws from the bottom of said precooling ice chest, and this connection place is provided with choke valve; Pipeline between said one-level precooling cryogen compressor and the secondary precooling cryogen compressor is connected with pipeline a in being located at said precooling ice chest, and this pipeline that is connected is provided with choke valve; Pipeline between said secondary precooling cryogen compressor and the three grades of precooling cryogen compressors is connected with pipeline a in being located at said precooling ice chest, and this pipeline that is connected is provided with choke valve;
Said deep cooling azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises the secondary compression unit, and this secondary compression unit comprises one-level deep cooling cryogen cooler, one-level deep cooling cryogen compressor, secondary deep cooling cryogen cooler and the secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor that links to each other successively; The outlet of said secondary deep cooling cryogen compressor is introduced in the said precooling ice chest through the top of pipeline from said precooling ice chest, and draws the back from the bottom of said precooling ice chest and be connected with deep cooling cryogen knockout drum;
The gaseous phase outlet of said deep cooling cryogen knockout drum is introduced in the said deep cooling ice chest through the top of pipeline from said deep cooling ice chest; Draw through the liquefaction stages of said deep cooling ice chest and the bottom of the said deep cooling ice chest of deep cooling Duan Houcong; Be connected with the bottom of said deep cooling ice chest then and enter in the said deep cooling ice chest; This connection place is provided with choke valve, draws the back from the top of said deep cooling ice chest through pipeline b afterwards and is connected with said one-level deep cooling cryogen cooler;
The liquid phase outlet of said deep cooling cryogen knockout drum is introduced in the said deep cooling ice chest through the top of pipeline from said deep cooling ice chest; Draw from the middle part of said deep cooling ice chest through after the liquefaction stages of said deep cooling ice chest; Be connected with said deep cooling ice chest then and enter in the said deep cooling ice chest; This connection place is provided with choke valve, is connected with said pipeline b through pipeline c afterwards.
2. liquefaction system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with plate-fin heat exchanger in the said precooling ice chest; Be provided with wound tube heat exchanger in the said deep cooling ice chest.
3. liquefaction system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said choke valve is the J/T valve.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103062989A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-24 | 成都深冷液化设备股份有限公司 | Natural gas liquefaction device and process for mixed refrigeration |
| CN103555382A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 西南石油大学 | Coproduction technology employing mixed-refrigerant cycle (MRC) natural gas liquefaction and direct heat exchange (DHX) tower light hydrocarbon recovery |
| CN105823300A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-08-03 | 中国石化工程建设有限公司 | Low-energy consumption natural gas liquefaction method |
| CN106441964A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | Floating type test platform of natural gas liquefaction system |
| CN106766670A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-31 | 四川杰瑞恒日天然气工程有限公司 | natural gas refrigeration system and method |
| CN113639523A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-12 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | Natural gas liquefaction system and method |
| CN114963689A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-30 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | Dual-cycle mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system |
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| CN114963689A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-30 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | Dual-cycle mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction system |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |