CN105605121B - Electromagnetic clutch - Google Patents
Electromagnetic clutch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105605121B CN105605121B CN201610179231.2A CN201610179231A CN105605121B CN 105605121 B CN105605121 B CN 105605121B CN 201610179231 A CN201610179231 A CN 201610179231A CN 105605121 B CN105605121 B CN 105605121B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- electromagnet
- armature
- armature component
- electromagnetic clutch
- component
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
- F16D27/10—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings
- F16D27/108—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings with axially movable clutching members
Abstract
A kind of electromagnetic clutch, including：For receiving the driving wheel of external impetus；Electromagnet；Armature component, it can be moved between the first location and the second location along the direction of the axis of rotating shaft；Driven wheel assembly, it is configured to：As armature component moves to first position, it is separated with driving wheel；As armature component moves to the second place, engaged with driving wheel；Armature component includes permanent magnet；When applying the first electric current to electromagnet, armature component moves towards first position；When applying the second opposite electric current to electromagnet, armature component moves to the second place；Electromagnetic clutch is also included always along elastic component of the direction to armature component application active force for making armature component move to the second place；And when armature component moves to first position, the permanent magnet of armature component can attract each other with a magnetisable member so that in the case where reducing or the electric current of electromagnet being led in disconnection, armature component can be maintained at first position.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic clutch, particularly for the engine-cooling system of automobile or the electromagnetism of air-conditioning system from
Clutch.
Background technology
Electromagnetic clutch is that one kind carries out clutch action (that is, the transmission and interruption of realizing power) under electromagnetic force
Device, it to the on/off electricity of the magnet coil in clutch by controlling the engagement of clutch with separating.Electromagnetic clutch is wide
It is general to be used for the various fields such as machinery, electronic/electrical gas, such as engine-cooling system for automobile, air-conditioning system etc..
By taking engine-cooling system as an example, the system is one of critical system for ensureing automobile normal work.Engine is cold
But system includes water pump, and it pumps coolant, coolant is quickly flowed in engine cooling circuit, to absorb engine work
Heat caused by work, the temperature of engine is maintained under normal or optimum working temperature.Generally, engine is in water temperature
(temperature of coolant) reaches optimum Working when being 90 degree.The belt wheel (driving wheel) of the water pump of some existing automobiles and rotating shaft
It is directly connected to, therefore, water pump operates always after the startup of automobile one, drives the coolant of engine interior constantly to circulate.It is this
It is very slow that circulation causes the temperature of engine during automobile starting to rise.Water temperature is set to reach about 90 degree if desired, in pure idling mode
Under, the warm-up period of engine needs about 20 minutes.
Therefore, the design that is connected with water pump of belt wheel is disconnected in automobile starting prior art has proposed a kind of, this
Engine warm-up time can be reduced to about 5 minutes.Warm-up period is greatly shortened, and engine can be made full out to reach optimal
Working condition, reduce fuel consumption, more energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Chinese patent application discloses CN102216639A and discloses such a existing design.Pass through actuator (electromagnetic wire
Circle) power on/off and back-moving spring realizes adhesive/separation of actuator means 160, and then drives wind spring 104 radially
Shrink or expand, realize that belt wheel disconnects or engaged with water pump.Disconnecting the connection of belt wheel and water pump needs actuator (electromagnetic wire
Circle) remain "on" position about 5 minutes.
But prolonged electrical current can make actuator (magnet coil) generate heat, and then actuator winding resistance can be made
Increase, electric current decline, so that actuator electromagnetic force declines, further cause and move with the hand device return, wind spring is lost about
Beam and be radially expanded into drive member inner surface, finally cause clutch separation to fail.
In addition, actuator means 160 do not have polarity, therefore realized only by the electromagnetic force of electromagnet to actuator means
Adhesive, this for electromagnet electromagnetic force require it is higher, i.e. it is big for current requirements.Therefore, energy consumption can be increased, shorten electricity
Magnet service life.
Moreover, coil spring coil is when being expanded to clutch inner surface, due to coil internal stress control problem or
Surface is due to caused coefficient of friction change when temperature change has condensed water, it may occur that frictional force deficiency, causes clutch
Device couple drive fails.
Patent application publication US 2010/0263981A1 discloses another existing design.Disclosed clutch is set
It is equipped with：Permanent magnet 9；Corresponding magnetic conductive device 10,11；Electromagnet 8；Armature 3 made of soft magnetic materials；And rotor 2a.Electromagnet
During the electric current of logical first direction, the magnetic field superposition and collective effect of electromagnet and permanent magnet apply effect to the left to armature
Power, armature are moved to left side, and the gap of system and rotor diminishes, and permanent magnet/rotor increases the active force of armature, and will can hold in the mouth
Iron is maintained at leftward position, and now electromagnet can disconnect or reduce electric current.During electromagnetism Tie Tong opposite direction electric current, electromagnet produce with
The opposite magnetic field of permanent magnet, to offset active force of the permanent magnet to armature, now active force suffered by armature diminishes, and in spring
It is mobile to the right under active force to reset.
In the program, electromagnet needs to offset the magnetic field of permanent magnet when making armature disconnect with rotor, rather than directly right
Armature acts power, so as to need the offer high current on electromagnet to realize the function, is unfavorable for saving the energy, and greatly
Impact of the electric current for electrical system is larger.
In addition, directly transmitting the torque of belt wheel by the adhesive of armature and rotor in the program, have for the intensity of armature
High requirement, armature are easier to produce big abrasion.
Japanese patent application discloses TOHKEMY 2007-205513 and discloses another existing design, and its clutch is provided with
Electromagnet 23, rotor 22, armature 21, fixed permanent magnet 28 and elastomer 29 in the rotor made of soft magnetic materials.With it is foregoing
Similarly, when electromagnet connects the electric current of first direction, electromagnet is with permanent magnet jointly to armature for U.S. Patent Application Publication
Apply active force, armature is drawn to left side, the gap between armature and permanent magnet and rotor diminishes, work of the permanent magnet to armature
Firmly become big, and armature only can be maintained at by left side by permanent magnet.Now, electromagnet can power off or reduce electric current.
When electromagnet connects opposite direction electric current, electromagnet produces the magnetic field opposite with permanent magnet, to offset work of the permanent magnet to armature
Firmly, armature is mobile to the right under elastomer effect resets.In the program, electromagnet needs when making armature be disconnected with rotor
The magnetic field of permanent magnet is offset, rather than power is directly acted to armature, which needs to provide high current on electromagnet
The reset of armature could be realized, is unfavorable for saving the energy, and impact of the high current for electrical system is larger.
Chinese utility model patent bulletin CN202040232U discloses another existing design.In disclosed clutch
In, permanent magnet 21 is provided with sucker 2.Sucker keeps normality engagement state with belt pulley.When magnet coil 11 is powered, produce
The magnetic field repelled with permanent magnetism iron phase, belt pulley separate with sucker, i.e. belt pulley disconnects with water pump.In the program, for electromagnetic wire
The electromagnetic force of circle requires higher, i.e. it is big for current requirements, energy consumption can be increased, and shorten electromagnet service life.Other electromagnetism
Coil needs to be kept for longer conduction time, and easily heating, can equally increase energy consumption.Pass through the suction of sucker and belt pulley in the program
The torque for directly transmitting belt pulley is closed, is had higher requirements for the intensity of sucker, sucker is easier to produce big abrasion.
Chinese utility model patent bulletin CN203769916U discloses another existing design, wherein, in the first rotation
The first magnet 501 is fixed with body 2, the first magnet is circumferentially arranged, and diametrically opposite polarity.Powered off in electromagnetic core 6
When, adhesive disk 7 is attracted to be engaged with the first rotary body 2 by permanent magnet, and the rotation of the first rotary body is transferred into the second rotation
Body 3.When electromagnetic core is powered, adhesive disk 7 is separated from the first rotary body, the first rotary body 2 separates with the second rotary body 3.Should
In scheme, adhesive disk is also soft magnetism, and non-permanent magnet, when electromagnetic core is powered, it is necessary to offset the magnetic field of permanent magnet, rather than
Power directly is acted to adhesive disk, it is necessary to high current, high energy consumption；When needing to disconnect the connection of adhesive disk and belt pulley, electricity
Magnetic core needs to be powered for a long time, can also produce heating and the problem of high energy consumption.In addition, adhesive disk is directly turned round by rubbing to transmit
Square, had higher requirements for the intensity of adhesive disk.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of consumed with smaller power and with long service life
Electromagnetic clutch.
The invention provides such a electromagnetic clutch, and it includes：
Rotating shaft with axis；
For receiving the driving wheel of external impetus；
Electromagnet, when being powered to the electromagnet, the electromagnet can produce magnetic field；
Armature component, the armature component can along the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft first position and the second place it
Between move；
The driven wheel assembly being installed in the rotating shaft, the driven wheel assembly are configured to：As the armature component is transported
Move to first position, the driven wheel assembly is moved and is separated with driving wheel；As the armature component moves to second
Put, the driven wheel assembly is moved and engaged with driving wheel；
Characterized in that,
The armature component includes permanent magnet；
When to the electromagnet apply first direction the first electric current when, by magnetic field caused by the electromagnet with it is described
The first active force between the permanent magnet of armature component, the armature component move towards the first position；
When applying the second electric current of the second direction opposite with first direction to the electromagnet, pass through the electromagnet
The second active force between the permanent magnet of caused magnetic field and the armature component, the armature component are transported to the second place
It is dynamic；
The electromagnetic clutch, which also includes edge always, makes the armature component move to the direction of the second place to the rank
Iron component applies the elastic component of active force；And
When the armature component moves to first position, the permanent magnet of the armature component can be with a magnetisable member
Attract each other so that in the case where reducing or the electric current of the electromagnet being led in disconnection, the armature component can be kept
In the first position.
Wherein：The first position is proximate to the position of the electromagnet, and the second place is away from the electromagnet
Position.
The present invention has following technique effect：
Require smaller for the electromagnetic force of electromagnet, i.e., energy-conservation small for current requirements；And extend electromagnet use
Life-span.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the decomposition diagram of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of electromagnetic clutch in the assembled state according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the cross section and perspective of electromagnetic clutch in the assembled state according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of the driving wheel of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of the driving wheel of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6-7 is the perspective view of the driven pulley of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the driven pulley of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9-10 is the perspective view of the wedge of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the side view of the wedge of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the side view of the armature bracket of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the perspective view of the armature bracket of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the fragmentary, perspective view of the armature bracket of electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 15 is the perspective view of electromagnetic clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 16 is the sectional view of electromagnetic clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention；
The cross section and perspective of the electromagnetic clutch of Figure 17 according to a second embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 18 is the sectional view of electromagnet；
Figure 19-20 is the perspective view of the armature component of electromagnetic clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention respectively；
Figure 21 is the perspective view of the driven pulley of electromagnetic clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 22-23 be a diagram that according between the motion of the armature component of the present invention and clutch engagement-released state
The schematic diagram of relation.
Embodiment
[first embodiment]
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-14 introduces electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 1-3 shows basis
The electromagnetic clutch of first embodiment of the invention.
According to the present invention electromagnetic clutch 100 mainly include casing assembly, rotating assembly, electromagnet, drive wheel assemblies,
Driven wheel assembly.
Casing assembly includes the impeller 27 on one of housing 1, the outside for being installed on housing 1 (left side is illustrated in Fig. 1)
And positioned at impeller bearing-seal assembly (also referred to as water seal) 14 between the two.Housing 1 includes the cylindrical wall 1a for limiting hole
And reinforcement 1b, as shown in Figure 1.Casing assembly also includes dust cover 3.
Rotating assembly includes rotating shaft 7a and the bearing 7 being installed on rotating shaft 7a.Rotating assembly is from opposite with impeller 27 one
Side is installed in housing 1 so that bearing 7 is overall be substantially contained in housing 1 but rotating shaft 7a one end extend to housing it
Outside to be engaged with impeller 27 and impeller bearing-seal assembly 14, as shown in Figure 2.
Formula assembling retainer ring 29 is washed off to be arranged on the cylindrical wall 1a of housing 1 so that electromagnet described below is (specific
Ground, iron yoke) it is assemblied on housing 1.The assembling retainer ring 29 has the junction surface engaged respectively with each reinforcement 1b, to work as
When electromagnet is arranged on housing, it is positioned in a circumferential direction relative to cylindrical wall 1a.
Electromagnet includes iron yoke 24 and the magnet coil 32 being positioned in iron yoke 24.Electromagnet, which is arranged on, to be used to receive outside
In the driving wheel (belt wheel) 2 of power (such as the power from automobile engine or other external impetus), electromagnet side is supported
Radial component 2b by assembling the neighbouring driving wheel 2 described below of retainer ring 29, opposite side, as shown in Figure 1, 2.Iron yoke 24 is for example
It can be formed by soft magnetic material (that is, iron yoke is magnetisable member), magnet coil 32 can produce magnetic after being powered in iron yoke 24
Pole.
By the socket 28 and slotting for automobile cable to be connected to for being fixed to the end of magnet coil in iron yoke 24
The connector that plug 25 on seat 28 is formed electrically connects the cable of automobile with the magnet coil of electromagnet, to be supplied to electromagnet
Electricity or power-off.
Driving wheel 2 is the main member of electromagnetic clutch active part, preferably belt wheel.In other embodiments, actively
Wheel can also be other components, and belt wheel can be fixedly connected with the driving wheel.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 shows the construction of driving wheel 2, and wherein Fig. 4 is the perspective view for showing driving wheel, and Fig. 5 is to show actively
The sectional view of wheel.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, driving wheel include cylindrical wall 2a and at axial certain position from cylindrical wall 2a radially to
Interior extension, radial component 2b in form of annular rings.In the exemplary embodiment, radial component 2b preferably with cylindrical wall 2a
It is integrally disposed upon axial middle position in driving wheel 2.But the invention is not restricted to this, radial component 2b can also be according to reality
Border situation is arranged on other axial positions in driving wheel 2.
, can be with when the radial component 2b of driving wheel 2 is that (that is, radial component 2b is magnetisable member) is made in soft magnetic materials
The radial component is considered as the first rotor；When the radial component of driving wheel is non-soft magnetic materials, one can also be set relatively
Fixed in the driving wheel, the first rotor made of soft magnetic materials.
As Figure 1-3, electromagnet is arranged in driving wheel 2, close to the radial component 2b of driving wheel 2.
As illustrated in figures 4-5, radial component 2b is provided with magnet isolation tank 2c, and the magnet isolation tank enables the magnetic field of electromagnet to pass through footpath
Acted on to the guiding of part on the armature component being described below.Such as it can make electromagnet that radially-arranged opposite pole be presented
Property, with the permanent magnet of the radial distribution magnetic pole corresponding to armature component；Or make electromagnet that single polarity be presented in axis direction,
With the permanent magnet of the axial distributed polar corresponding to armature component.
Armature 19 and armature bracket 31 form armature component.Driven pulley 18 and wedge 20 form driven wheel assembly.Armature group
Part and driven wheel assembly are installed in side opposite with electromagnet the radial component 2b of driving wheel 2.Bearing 33 and back-up ring 34 are along footpath
To between the cylindrical-shaped main body and the radial component of driving wheel 2 for being installed on the driven pulley 18 described below.
Armature component include radially or axial distributed polar permanent magnet, such as radially inner side is N poles, and radial outside is
S poles, vice versa；Or axial side is N poles, opposite side is S poles.Preferred scheme is radial distribution, can so make electromagnetism
Electromagnetic force required for iron is minimum, i.e., electric current is minimum, and energy consumption is minimum.In the present embodiment, by entering to the armature 19 of annular
Row magnetization, makes armature 19 turn into permanent magnet.In an alternative embodiment, magnet structure can be provided in multiple on armature 19
Circular or annular component.Armature is installed together by screw 23 and armature bracket 31.
The driven wheel assembly being made up of driven pulley 18 and wedge 20 is axially mounted between armature 19 and armature bracket 31.
Driven pulley 18 as shown in figs 6-8, has：Axially extending cylindrical-shaped main body, for fix (can be interference fit, can also
Other mounting means) in rotating shaft 7 (referring to Fig. 2)；And between multiple grades that the end away from driving wheel radially extends
Every radial arm 18a of the distribution (on circumferencial direction).The radial arm is provided with mounting hole, for armature bracket 31, wedge 20 to be led to
Voussoir axle 22 is crossed to be installed on radial arm.In the example shown, three radial arms are provided with.But the invention is not restricted to this, can
To be arranged as required to multiple radial arms that quantity is different from three.
Alternatively, driven pulley 18 could be arranged to double-decker in the axial direction, and its left side is set (close to driving wheel side)
There are cirque structure 181 made of soft magnetic materials, it can be used as the second rotor 181 (that is, the second rotor is magnetisable member)；
Its right side is provided with multiple radial arm 18a as described above (away from driving wheel side).Radial arm 18a can be with driven pulley 18
Cylindrical-shaped main body Integral design or the part of separation are fixedly connected on by welding or other modes with cylindrical-shaped main body
Together.Alternatively, multiple radial arm 18a can also be the single loop configuration radially extended from cylindrical-shaped main body.
In the case where being provided with the second rotor 181, wedge 20 is housed in the double-deck of driven pulley by voussoir axle 22 and tied
Between structure, i.e., between the second rotor 181 and multiple radial arm 18a.Also, the armature 19 and armature bracket 31 in armature component divide
The axial both sides of the second rotor 181, wherein left side of the armature 19 in Fig. 1, the right side of the armature bracket 31 in Fig. 1 are not arranged on
Side.
As shown in figs. 9-11, wedge 20 includes swing arm 20a and wedge surface 20b, swing arm 20a by voussoir axle 22 be arranged on from
On the radial arm 18a of driving wheel 18.Wedge 20 can rotate around wedge axle 22.In the present embodiment, voussoir axle 22 and driven pulley 18
Radial arm 18a matching relationship and the matching relationship of voussoir axle 22 and wedge 20 can be respectively：A be interference fitted and
Gap coordinates；Or b gaps coordinate and gap coordinates；Or c gaps coordinate and interference fit.
The radial arm 18a of driven pulley 18 coordinates with the left end counterbore punching press of voussoir axle 22, forms voussoir axle to radial arm 18a's
The stop surface of left end.The diameter of axle that voussoir axle 22 is engaged with armature bracket 31 is more than the radial arm 18a of voussoir axle 22 and driven pulley 18
The diameter of axle of cooperation, so as to be formed to the stop surface on the right side of driven pulley.Whereby, voussoir axle is limited on the driven wheel axially.Rank
Brandreth 31 also by voussoir axle 22 be arranged on driven pulley 18 (radial arm) on, by the guiding constraint of voussoir axle 22 (voussoir axle 22 with
Armature bracket 31 is that gap coordinates), and can axial reciprocating movement.(scheme in the present embodiment when armature component is moved to first position
It is shown as left side) when, armature bracket 31 is connected to the right side of the radial arm of driven pulley, when armature component is moved to the second place (at this
Right side is illustrated as in embodiment) when, armature 19 is connected to the left side of driven pulley, i.e. the end face of driven pulley can be in the axial direction to rank
The mobile carry out limit stops of iron component.
As shown in figs. 12-14, armature bracket 31 has the annular body 31a and multiple U being arranged on annular body periphery
Shape shift fork 31b.Shift fork includes the first driving lever 31b1 and the second driving lever 31b2, and the first driving lever, the second driving lever lateral surface are relative to turning
Axle axis can be cylindrical surface or plane；On first, second driving lever with wedge coordinate mating surface 311,
312 relative to shaft axis be helicoid or tapered plane, and the tapered plane intersects with the axis of rotating shaft and out of plumb.Preferred scheme
In, mating surface is helicoid.
When armature component, which is driven, in axial direction to be moved, mating surface promotes the wedge 20 on voussoir axle 22,
There is the force component tangent with circumferencial direction in this motive force so that wedge rotates around voussoir axle, i.e. by the axle of armature component
The rotary motion of wedge circumferencial direction is converted into motion, so that the inner cylindrical of the wedge surface of wedge 20 and driving wheel 2
Mantle friction engages or separation.
Alternatively, be provided with wedge 20 profile in cylinder or arc ferrule 20c, ferrule 20c one or
Assembling is arranged on wedge 20, is engaged to the mating surface 311,312 with armature bracket 31, is reduced friction, is made cooperation more
It is smooth.
Fig. 2-3 shows the assembled state of electromagnetic clutch, and dust cover (cap component) 3 coordinates with driving wheel to be installed, from
And form sealing cover in the side of electromagnetic clutch.Mutual assembling between each part can be carried out using any means known, here not
It is described in detail again.
Operation below with reference to Fig. 1 descriptions according to the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention.
When describing electromagnet on/off electricity first, the axial movement of armature component.
When to electromagnetism Tie Tong first direction electric current, the polarity of electromagnet and opposite polarity/phase of the permanent magnet of armature component
Inhale, act on armature component.Therefore, under electromagnetic force, armature 19 overcomes elasticity with the armature bracket 31 being installed together
Separation point position movement of the active force of part to first position, preferably clutch.
When armature component is moved to first position, permanent magnet in armature component can with soft magnetic materials made of first turn
Son is attracted.The adhesive is the magnetic attraction for having gap, in other embodiments, should corresponding to other clutch configurations
Adhesive can also be the magnetic attraction for having Mechanical Contact.Armature component is due to itself permanent magnet and the soft magnetic materials of the first rotor
It is attracting, therefore, that is, turn off the electric current of electromagnet, only pass through the permanent magnet of armature component and the magnetic of the soft magnetic materials of the first rotor
Property the suction-combining force effect armature component can also be maintained to first position, or can be by the electric current that reduces to electromagnetism Tie Tong just
Armature component can be maintained at first position.
When to the electric current of the electromagnetism Tie Tong second direction opposite with first direction, the polarity in the magnetic field that electromagnet is formed
It is identical with the permanent magnet polarity of armature component/to repel each other, electromagnet repel/promote armature component to the second place (bonding station,
Right side is illustrated as in the present embodiment) it is mobile.Under electromagnetic force and the collective effect of elastic component, armature component is set to be moved to the second place
It is dynamic.Now, the gap of armature component and the first rotor increases, and the magnetic attracting power between armature component and the first rotor can neglect
Slightly, armature component can only be maintained at the second place in the presence of elastic component.The power supply to electromagnet can now be stopped, with
Reduce energy consumption.
When being provided with the second rotor on the driven wheel, second rotor can be made up of soft magnetic materials.Work as armature component
When being moved to the second place, the permanent magnet of armature component and the second rotor adhesive, the adhesive can be the magnetic for having Mechanical Contact
Adhesive, or have the magnetic attracting in gap.The work of armature component and bitrochanteric the suction-combining force and elastic component to armature component
Firmly collective effect more ensures armature component being maintained at the second place.
By integrating a control unit, such as a counting commutator on socket 28, vehicle-mounted relay can also be passed through
Device directly controls the sense of current in magnet coil 32 to control the magnetic pole of electromagnet.
As described above, in the invention, electromagnet is directly right by the pole polarity identical or opposite with permanent magnet
Armature component application containing permanent magnet repels each other or attracting magnetic action power, it is not necessary to overcomes permanent magnet pair as existing patent
The active force of armature component or the magnetic field for offsetting permanent magnet.Therefore, in the invention, the active force of electromagnet can be big
Width reduces, and discloses the electromagnetic clutch with U.S. Patent Publication relative to aforementioned Japanese patent, the electricity in electromagnet of the invention
The size of stream can be reduced to about half of electric current in the prior art.Meanwhile it is moved to first position or in armature component
Behind two positions, armature component can be maintained at corresponding position without electromagnet active force (or only needing very little active force)
Put, you can to stop the power supply (or only needing very little electric current) to electromagnet, energy consumption can be greatly decreased, i.e. heavy current pulse
Action time is very short, can calculate in seconds.Relative to several minutes of action times of foregoing electromagnet of the prior art, in this hair
The action time of bright middle electromagnet shortens two orders of magnitude, greatly reduces the possibility of electromagnet heating.
Next description is when electromagnet on/off electricity, with the axial movement of armature component, the motion of driven wheel assembly.
When the electric current to the electromagnetism Tie Tong second direction opposite with first direction causes armature component to be moved to the second place
When dynamic, armature component (armature 19 and armature bracket 31) drives the driven pulley between the armature 19 and armature bracket 31 of armature component
Component movement.When armature bracket 31 moves to the second place vertically, the second driving lever 31b2's of the U-shaped shift fork of armature bracket 31 matches somebody with somebody
Ferrule 20c of the conjunction face 311 to wedge 20 applies and the tangent active force of circumferencial direction so that wedge 20 is around voussoir axle 22
Rotation, the axis of voussoir axle are parallel with shaft axis.Now, with voussoir axle 22 be rotation axis make the wedge surface of wedge 20 with
The direction of the cylindrical wall 2a of driving wheel 2 inner surface rubbing surface engagement rotates.When the circle of the wedge surface and driving wheel 2 of wedge 20
After cylindrical wall 2a inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION, wedge 20 can be by the motive force phase Tongfang of the mating surface 311 with armature bracket 31
To the cylindrical wall 2a from driving wheel 2 inner surface friction force, make the circle of wedge 20 and clutch driving wheel 2
Cylindrical wall 2a inner surface keeps Wedged engagement, and by frictional force therebetween by voussoir axle 22 promote driven pulley 18 from
And transmitting rotary power is to rotating shaft.The Wedged combines the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of the wedge surface for referring to wedge and driving wheel
Abutment and wedge rotation axis line and the line of wedge rotation axis and shaft axis be in an angle, and
It is not that self-locking combines that the Wedged, which combines,.
Second driving lever 31b2 (driving lever for making wedge be engaged with driving wheel) is designed as elastic component, so that mating surface
311 preferably coordinate with wedge 20.Second driving lever 31b2 elastic deformation can make multiple (being three in illustrated example)
The pressure of wedge and belt wheel is basically identical.Assuming that the reason for because of manufacturing tolerance/location tolerance, the engagement of wedge and belt wheel
Have after first having, then can make being combined with belt wheel inner surface for three wedge basic synchronizations by the elastic deformation of the second driving lever.
When armature bracket 31 is mobile by driving to first position direction with armature component, the first driving lever 31b1 of armature bracket 31
Mating surface 312 to promote wedge 20 with voussoir axle 22 be rotation axis to the wedge surface for making wedge 20 and the cylinder of driving wheel 2
The direction of shape wall 2a inner surface separation rotates, so that wedge surface separates with the cylindrical wall 2a of driving wheel 2 inner surface, realizes
The separation function of the rotary power of driving wheel and driven pulley so that driving wheel dallies relative to driven pulley.
Instead of, in other embodiments, the armature bracket can also be arranged on the left side of driven pulley together with armature,
By the inclination/direction of rotation for the mating surface for being arranged in correspondence with shift fork, it can equally realize armature component in axial first position
And during the movement of the second place, make the engagement of wedge and the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of driving wheel or separate.
As armature component second place keeper elastic component 30 in the direction away from the first rotor in the axial direction
Upper application active force is on armature component so that elastic component 30 is made along the direction that armature component is driven back into the second place all the time
With in the second place, the adhesive of armature component (specifically, armature 19) and electromagnetic assembly is disconnected.Elastic component can be spiral
Spring, can also plate-like spring, or wavy spring.Quantity can also be according to needing to be arranged to one or multiple folded
Add or scattering device.The mode of action can be stretching armature component or bias armature component.In the present embodiment, bullet
Property part is a helical spring or multiple axially stacking wavy springs, and its one end is biased in the end of rotating shaft or described below
Bitrochanteric end face, the other end is biased on the armature bracket of armature component.In other embodiments, elastic component can also be
The helical spring of multiple scattering devices, its one end are abutted on the driven wheel, and the other end is connected on armature component.Can certainly
Using plate-like spring widely used in the art, concrete mode repeats no more.
, can be using the other structures of prior art, instead of the above-mentioned shift fork-wedge-shaped agllutination of the present invention for driven wheel assembly
Structure.Such as Chinese patent application discloses the convolute coil and such as Japanese Patent Publication TOHKEMY described in CN200980145448.X
Ball-type structure described in 2007-205513.
When electromagnet fails, water pump may be stopped, and engine temperature rises.Armature component comprising permanent magnet exists
When rising to curie point under the influence of by water pump conduction heat, i.e. the armature component local environment temperature reaches design loss of excitation temperature
When spending, the permanent magnet magnetism is reduced or disappeared, and then causes the soft of the permanent magnet of the armature component and the first rotor
Adelphotaxy power between magnetic material or magnetic field caused by the electromagnet of the first electric current with being applied with reducing
Attraction force between the permanent magnet of the armature component is reduced or disappeared, and then the elastic component is to the armature component
The active force of application makes the armature component be moved to the second place；When the armature component of permanent magnet returns to design temperature,
Its magnetic can be recovered, or magnetic order recovers, and permanent magnet is magnetized by electromagnet, i.e., permanent magnet is non-permanent loss of excitation
Material, recover in the magnetic or magnetic force of the permanent magnet of armature component to design load, electromagnetic clutch still can be normal
Work.
Under the circumstances, it is preferable that as in exemplary embodiment of the present, by armature component and driven wheels
Part is configured to when armature component is located at the second place (adhesive of armature component is disconnected), the wedge of driven wheel assembly and master
The inner surface wedging of driving wheel.Therefore, when armature component and the first rotor the suction-combining force or armature component and the first rotor suction
When being less than elastic component to the active force sum of armature component with electromagnet with joint efforts to the active force of armature component, armature component is to the
Two positions are moved, and wedge 20 is rotated along the direction for making its wedge surface be engaged with the cylindrical wall 2a of driving wheel 2 inner surface,
Make wedge keep Wedged to engage with the cylindrical wall 2a of driving wheel inner surface, and frictional force therebetween is passed through into wedge
Block axle 22 promotes driven pulley 18 that rotary power is transferred into rotating shaft, with driven pump working, and then realize electromagnetism from
The Safe Failure of clutch.
In the present invention, the less elastic component 30 of elastic force can be used, will can so be held in the mouth to the less electric current of electromagnetism Tie Tong
Iron component attracts to be moved to the left, and electromagnet is not easy to generate heat.
In addition, in the present invention, due to making wedge along making its wedge surface and clutch master by axial rotary of voussoir axle
The direction of the cylindrical wall 2a of driving wheel inner surface contact rotates, when wedge surface (rubbing surface) and the clutch driving wheel of wedge
After cylindrical wall 2a inner surface contact, wedge can be identical by mating surface (being preferably helicoid) motive force with armature bracket
The friction force of direction, cylindrical wall 2a from driving wheel inner surface, make the interior of wedge and clutch driving wheel
Surface keeps Wedged engagement；, must be tighter with regard to wedge between wedge and driving wheel also, the moment of torsion of clutch transmission is bigger, pass
The moment of torsion passed is bigger.As long as no more than both recurring structures are destroyed, clutch would not pass the moment of torsion transmitted
The situation of dynamic failure.By means of such design feature, even in have between the rubbing surface between wedge and driving wheel water or
When oil causes coefficient of friction degradation, also due to Wedged with reference to effect and keep clutch can transmit design need
Moment of torsion.
By electromagnet electromagnetic force the armature comprising permanent magnet under electromagnetic force with the rank that is installed together
When brandreth is located at bonding station or separation point position, after electromagnetic force disappearance, due to itself permanent magnet and periphery ferromagnetic component
(soft magnetic materials) is attracting and present position can be kept constant, so as to realize position retaining function, can make the work of electromagnet
Time shortens dramatically.As long as armature can be pushed or pull on bonding station or separation point position, it is possible to cut off the electricity supply, so that
Clutch magnet coil winding conduction time it is extremely short, will not produce make because of heating electromagnet function reduce unfavorable feelings
Condition.
[second embodiment]
The second embodiment of the present invention is described referring now to accompanying drawing 15-21.It is real to can be used in second in first embodiment
Structure, construction and the feature for applying example will not be repeated again.
Electromagnetic clutch 100 ' according to a second embodiment of the present invention also mainly includes casing assembly, rotating assembly, electromagnetism
Iron, drive wheel assemblies, driven wheel assembly.
With reference to figure 15-17, according to the electromagnetic clutch of second embodiment together with water pump selection, its casing assembly includes
The housing 1 ' and dust cover 3 ' that water pump body 1c and volute 1d is formed.Impeller 27 ' and impeller bearing-seal assembly (water seal) 14 '
It is installed between water pump body 1c and volute 1d.
Rotating assembly also includes rotating shaft 7a ' and the bearing 7 ' being installed on rotating shaft 7a '.Rotating assembly from the phase of impeller 27 '
Anti- side is installed in water pump body 1c so that bearing 7 ' is overall to be substantially contained in water pump body 1c and rotating shaft 7a '
One end extends into be engaged with impeller 27 ' and impeller bearing-seal assembly 14 ', as seen in figs. 15-17.
As shown in figure 18, electromagnet 101 includes iron yoke 24 ' and is positioned at the interior magnet coil 32 ' of iron yoke 24 '.Electromagnet
101 be arranged on water pump body 1c it is upper and installed in for receive external impetus (such as from the power of automobile engine or its
Its external impetus) driving wheel (belt wheel) 2 ' it is interior.Iron yoke 24 can for example be formed that (that is, iron yoke 24 is can magnetic by soft magnetic material
Change part), magnet coil 32 ' can produce magnetic pole after being powered in iron yoke 24 ', as shown in the figure.
By for the socket 28 ' being fixed to the end of magnet coil in iron yoke 24 ' and for automobile cable to be connected to
The connector that plug 25 ' on socket 28 ' is formed electrically connects the cable of automobile with the magnet coil of electromagnet, so as to electromagnetism
Iron is powered or power-off.Socket base cover plate 26 ' and controller 27 ' can also be set between socket 28 ' and plug 25 ', such as schemed
Shown in 15.
Similar with first embodiment, driving wheel 2 ' is the main member of electromagnetic clutch active part, preferably belt wheel.
In other embodiment, driving wheel can also be other components, and belt wheel can be fixedly connected with the driving wheel.
Unlike first embodiment, according to the driving wheel 2 ' of second embodiment not include extend radially inwardly, be in
The radial component that can play the first rotor effect of form of annular rings, only including cylindrical part.
As shown in Figure 16,17, bearing 33 ' (such as double-row-ball angular contact bearing) and electromagnet 101 are with distinguishing axial series
It is installed between water pump body 1c ladder circle cylindrical part and driving wheel 2 ', with water pump body secure fit, the cylinder with driving wheel 2 '
Gap is left between shape inwall.
As seen in figs. 15-17, locating ring 35 ' and back-up ring 34 ' are provided between electromagnet 101 and bearing 33 '.Locating ring
Spacing between the inner ring and electromagnet 101 of 35 ' limitation bearings 33 ', avoids scraping during revolution.Back-up ring 34 ' limits bearing
33 ' outer ring is relative to the axial float of driving wheel 2 '.
Armature component 102 is located at the opposite side (right side of diagram) of electromagnet 101.As shown in Figure 19-20, as shown in the figure
Second embodiment in, armature component 102 is set by integrated injection molding.
As first embodiment is similar, armature component 102 include radially or axial distributed polar permanent magnet 102b2, example
If radially inner side is N poles, radial outside is S poles, and vice versa；Or axial side is N poles, opposite side is S poles.Preferred scheme
For radial distribution, the electromagnetic force required for can so making electromagnet is minimum, i.e., electric current is minimum, and energy consumption is minimum.
As shown in Figure 19-20, in a second embodiment, armature component includes multiple grooves of circumferentially spaced distribution
102b1 and multiple permanent magnet 102b2.Alternatively, permanent magnet can also be otherwise disposed in armature component.For example,
Permanent magnet is single annular permanent magnet, is embedded in armature component.
Armature component 102 also includes the first driving lever 31b1 ' and for forming shift fork on its side opposite with electromagnet
Two driving lever 31b2 ', for stirring the wedge described below.In a second embodiment, the first driving lever and the second driving lever have with
The similar design of first embodiment, is not repeated herein description.
As shown in figure 19, the inner circumferential side of armature component 102 is provided with spline 102a1 or spline, with it is described later,
The spline or spline being arranged on the outside of the cylindrical part of driven pulley cooperate, and can be moved axially relative to driven pulley.
Certainly, similar with first embodiment, armature component also either can partly be formed or also can by the part separated
Enough there are other constructions, as long as armature component includes permanent magnet and its motion can drive driven wheel assembly to move.
As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 21, driven pulley 18 ' forms driven wheel assembly 103 with wedge 20 '.Driven pulley 18 ' can be with
With the structure substantially similar with the driven pulley 18 of first embodiment, i.e. have：Axially extending cylindrical-shaped main body, for solid
It is scheduled in rotating shaft；And the multiple radial directions for being spacedly distributed (on circumferencial direction) radially extended in the end away from driving wheel
Arm 18a '.Alternatively, driven pulley 18 is in the axial direction it can also be provided that double-decker, its left side are provided with made of soft magnetic materials
Cirque structure, it can be used as the second rotor 181 '；Its right side is provided with multiple radial arm 18a ' as described above.
It is additionally provided with and earlier mentioned spline groove 102a1 according to the cylindrical part (axle portion) of the driven pulley 18 ' of second embodiment outside
The spline 18a1 (or spline) of cooperation and can also the left side of the second rotor 181 ' set projection (stop bit boss) 181a, institute
Stating projection 181a can be received in the groove 102b1 of armature component for limiting and keeping driven wheel assembly 103 and rank
Gap between iron component 102.
Wedge 20 ' have with the same or similar construction of first embodiment, driven pulley 18 ' is installed to by pin 22 '
Radial arm 18a ' on, and can be around pin rotation.
The overall side opposite with electromagnet for being axially mounted to armature component 102 of driven wheel assembly 103, and it is driven
The cylindrical part of wheel 18 ' extends through the centre bore of armature component 102 so that spline (or spline) 18a1 of driven pulley 18 '
Coordinate and cause the driving lever of the first driving lever/second to coordinate with wedge 20 ' with spline (or spline) 102a1 of armature component.
As shown in Figure 16,17, inner periphery and the pump shaft secure fit of the cylindrical part of driven pulley 18 ', spring cup 35 are pacified
On armature component 102, one end of spring 30 ' (elastic component) abuts spring cup 35, and the other end abuts pump shaft 7a ', forced
Armature component moves to the direction away from electromagnet.
Operation below with reference to Figure 15 descriptions according to the electromagnetic clutch of second embodiment.
When describing electromagnet on/off electricity first, the axial movement of armature component.
When to electromagnetism Tie Tong first direction electric current, the polarity of electromagnet and opposite polarity/phase of the permanent magnet of armature component
Inhale, act on armature component.Therefore, under electromagnetic force, armature component overcomes the active force of elastic component to first position,
The preferably separation point position movement of clutch.
When armature component is moved to first position (being illustrated as left side), the permanent magnet in armature component can be with electromagnet
Iron yoke (magnetisable member) is attracted.Armature component because the iron yoke of itself permanent magnet and electromagnet (magnetisable member) is attracting,
Therefore, it is similar with first embodiment, that is, the electric current of electromagnet is turned off, only passes through the permanent magnet of armature component and the iron of electromagnet
Armature component can also be maintained at first position by the magnetic attracting power effect of yoke (magnetisable member), or can be by electricity
Armature component is maintained at first position by the logical electric current can reduced of magnet.
When to the electric current of the electromagnetism Tie Tong second direction opposite with first direction, the polarity in the magnetic field that electromagnet is formed
It is identical with the permanent magnet polarity of armature component/to repel each other, electromagnet repels/and promote armature component to move to the right.In electromagnetic force and
Under the collective effect of elastic component, make armature component mobile to the second place (bonding station, it is illustrated that be right side).Now, armature group
Gap increase between the iron yoke of part and electromagnet (magnetisable member), the magnetic between armature component and the iron yoke of electromagnet are inhaled
It can ignore with joint efforts, armature component can only be maintained at the second place in the presence of elastic component.It can now stop to electromagnetism
The power supply of iron, to reduce energy consumption.
Similar with first embodiment, when being provided with the second rotor on the driven wheel, second rotor can be soft magnetism material
Material (magnetisable member) is made.When armature component is moved to the second place, with the second rotor adhesive.Armature component and second turn
The suction-combining force and elastic component of son more ensure armature component being maintained at the second place to the active force collective effect of armature component.
As described above, second embodiment can obtain with first embodiment identical effect, i.e.,：Electromagnet by with permanent magnetism
Body phase is same or directly the armature component application containing permanent magnet is repelled each other for opposite pole polarity or attracting magnetic action power, is not required to
To overcome permanent magnet to the active force of armature component as existing patent or offset the magnetic field of permanent magnet.Therefore, electromagnet
Active force can significantly reduce, relative to aforementioned Japanese patent, the electromagnetic clutch with U.S. Patent Publication is disclosed, the present invention
Electromagnet in electric current size can be reduced to electric current in the prior art about half.Meanwhile it is moved in armature component
Behind left side or right side, armature component can be maintained at corresponding without electromagnet active force (or only needing very little active force)
Position, you can to stop power supply (or only needing very little electric current) to electromagnet, energy consumption can be greatly decreased, i.e. high current arteries and veins
The action time of punching is very short, can calculate in seconds.Relative to several minutes of action times of foregoing electromagnet of the prior art,
The action time of electromagnet shortens two orders of magnitude in the present invention, greatly reduces the possibility of electromagnet heating.
When electromagnet on/off electricity, with the axial movement of armature component, the motion of driven wheel assembly and first embodiment
It is similar.
When the electric current to the electromagnetism Tie Tong second direction opposite with first direction causes armature component to the second place (engagement
Position, it is illustrated that be right side) it is mobile when, the ferrule of the second driving lever 31b2 ' of armature component mating surface to wedge 20 ' applies
The tangent active force with circumferencial direction so that wedge 20 ' rotates around pin 22 ', and the axis of pin is parallel with shaft axis.
Now, it is that rotation axis connects the inner surface rubbing surface of the wedge surface of wedge 20 ' and the cylindrical wall of driving wheel 2 ' with pin 22 '
The direction of conjunction rotates.After the inner surface CONTACT WITH FRICTION of the wedge surface and the cylindrical wall of driving wheel 2 ' of wedge 20 ', wedge
In the cylindrical wall from driving wheel 2 ' of the 20 ' meetings by the motive force equidirectional of the mating surface with the second driving lever 31b2 '
The friction force on surface, wedge 20 ' is set to keep Wedged to engage with the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of clutch driving wheel 2 ',
And frictional force therebetween is promoted into driven pulley 18 ' so as to transmitting rotary power to rotating shaft by pin 22 '.
It is identical with first embodiment, the second driving lever 31b2 ' (driving lever for making voussoir be engaged with driving wheel) is designed as elasticity
Part, so that mating surface preferably coordinates with wedge 20 '.Second driving lever 31b2 ' elastic deformation can make multiple (illustrating
It is three in example) pressure of wedge and belt wheel is basically identical.Assuming that the reason for because of manufacturing tolerance/location tolerance, wedge shape
After being bonded to of block and belt wheel first has, then can make three wedge basic synchronizations by the elastic deformation of the second driving lever with band
Inner surface is taken turns to combine.
When armature component is mobile by driving to first position direction, the first driving lever 31b1 ' of armature component mating surface
It with pin 22 ' is rotation axis to the wedge surface for making wedge 20 ' and the interior table of the cylindrical wall of driving wheel 2 ' to promote wedge 20 '
The direction of face separation rotates so that wedge surface separates with the inner surface of the cylindrical wall of driving wheel 2 ', realize driving wheel with it is driven
The separation function of the rotary power of wheel so that driving wheel dallies relative to driven pulley.
It can be obtained and the complete phase of electromagnetic clutch according to first embodiment according to the electromagnetic clutch of second embodiment
Same technique effect.In addition, in a second embodiment, armature component move to first position and reduce or disconnect
During the electric current of electromagnet, the permanent magnet of armature component is directly attracted with the iron yoke of electromagnet, and driving wheel (belt wheel) does not have footpath
To part, therefore the structure of driving wheel is simplified, reduce further the cost of electromagnetic clutch.In addition, the iron yoke of electromagnet
It is axially in parallel with bearing 33 ' (double row angular contact bearing), reduce the diameter of electromagnetic clutch.Be additionally, since armature component with
Driven pulley uses spline/spline fitted, eliminate step pin in first embodiment (voussoir axle) as be oriented to and there may be
Clamping stagnation effect.
According to first embodiment above and the explanation of second embodiment, those skilled in the art are also contemplated that other many
Variant embodiment.Exemplary (non-exclusionism) is introduced into some variant embodiments below.
[modified example 1]
In the structure of the electromagnetic clutch of first embodiment, driving wheel 2 is provided with by soft magnetic materials (magnetisable member) shape
Into radial component as the first rotor, for passing through the permanent magnetism with armature component when reducing or disconnecting the electric current of electromagnet
Armature component is maintained at first position by body phase adhesive.In fact, it is similar with second embodiment, in the first embodiment, actively
Wheel 2 can also be not provided with radial component as the first rotor, but also utilize the iron yoke (magnetisable member) and armature of electromagnet
The permanent magnet of component is attracted to be maintained at first position when reducing or disconnecting the electric current of electromagnet by armature component.
[modified example 2]
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, when armature component is moved to close to the first position (left side) of electromagnet
When, driven wheel assembly moves into be separated with driving wheel, when armature component moves to the second place (right side) away from electromagnet,
Driven wheel assembly (specifically, voussoir) moves into be engaged (situation 1) with driving wheel.
In this case, magnetisable member, including the radial component (the first rotor) of driving wheel or the iron of electromagnet
Yoke, for reduce or disconnect electromagnet the first electric current when by attracted by armature component with the permanent magnet of armature component
It is maintained at first position (driven wheel assembly separates with driving wheel)；Elastic component is along making armature component (driven towards the second place
Wheel assembly engages with driving wheel) direction to armature component apply active force；Further optionally, it is arranged in driven wheel assembly
The second rotor be used for reduce or disconnect electromagnet the second electric current when by with the permanent magnet of armature component it is attracted will
Armature component is maintained at the second place, and (referring to Figure 22, the wherein direction of arrow represents the direction of motion of armature component, the text on arrow
Word represents the position or state relation between the features/components of arrow both ends).
However, it is also contemplated that another technical solution, by the direction or wedge and the driving wheel that change shift fork
Combination, join Figure 23, and combine Fig. 1, wherein when armature component moves to right side (position away from electromagnet, i.e. this programme
In first position) when, driven wheel assembly moves into be separated with driving wheel, when armature component moves to left side (close to electromagnet
Position, i.e. the second place in this programme) when, driven wheel assembly moves into be engaged (situation 2) with driving wheel.
In this case, the second rotor (magnetisable member) being arranged in driven wheel assembly is used to reduce or break
By the way that attracted that armature component is maintained at into first position is (driven with the permanent magnet of armature component when opening the first electric current of electromagnet
Wheel group separates with driving wheel)；Elastic component is along making armature component towards the side of the second place (driven wheels engage with driving wheel)
Apply active force to armature component.
Those skilled in the art can according to the set location of elastic component select elastic component active force direction (for example,
Select extension spring or compression spring), ensure elastic component along make armature component towards the second place (driven wheels with actively
Wheel engagement) direction apply active force to armature component (referring to Figure 23, wherein the direction of arrow represent the motion side of armature component
To position between the features/components of textual representation arrow both ends or state relation on arrow).
In addition, those skilled in the art can be with suitably selected driven wheel assembly and driving wheel with the axial direction of armature component
Motion and direction of motion during engaged/disengaged and voussoir, the mating surface of shift fork (the first and second driving levers) are thus set.
In addition, in first embodiment described above and second embodiment, in the axial direction, electromagnet is positioned at a left side
Side, armature component and driven wheel assembly are located at right side.But it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that electromagnet and armature component
It can be exchanged with the position of driven wheel assembly in the axial direction.
Although describing the present invention by reference to example embodiment, it is understood that the invention is not limited in described
Example embodiment.The scope of following claim is by according to broadest explanation, to include all these versions
And equivalent 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.
Claims (21)
1. a kind of electromagnetic clutch, including：
Rotating shaft with axis；
For receiving the driving wheel of external impetus；
Electromagnet, when being powered to the electromagnet, the electromagnet can produce magnetic field；
Armature component, the armature component can be transported between the first location and the second location along the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft
It is dynamic；
The driven wheel assembly being installed in the rotating shaft, the driven wheel assembly are configured to：As the armature component moves to
First position, the driven wheel assembly are moved and are separated with driving wheel；As the armature component moves to the second place, institute
State driven wheel assembly motion and engaged with driving wheel；
Characterized in that,
The armature component includes permanent magnet；
When applying the first electric current of first direction to the electromagnet, pass through magnetic field caused by the electromagnet and the armature
The first active force between the permanent magnet of component, the armature component move towards the first position；
When applying the second electric current of the second direction opposite with first direction to the electromagnet, produced by the electromagnet
Magnetic field and the armature component permanent magnet between the second active force, the armature component moves to the second place；
The electromagnetic clutch, which also includes edge always, makes the armature component move to the direction of the second place to the armature group
Part applies the elastic component of active force；And
When the armature component moves to first position, the permanent magnet of the armature component can be mutual with a magnetisable member
Attract so that in the case where reducing or the electric current of the electromagnet being led in disconnection, the armature component can be maintained at institute
State first position.
2. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 1, wherein：The first position is proximate to the position of the electromagnet, institute
It is the position away from the electromagnet to state the second place.
3. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 2, wherein：The magnetisable member is along the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft
Between the electromagnet and armature component and the first rotor including soft magnetic materials.
4. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 3, wherein：The driving wheel has the annular radial portion radially extended
Part, the radial component form the first rotor.
5. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 4, wherein：The first rotor is provided with magnet isolation tank, and the magnet isolation tank can draw
The specific magnetic fields of conducting magnetic iron are acted on by the first rotor on the permanent magnet of the armature component.
6. electromagnetic clutch according to claim 3, wherein：Armature component includes the armature with permanent magnet and for pacifying
Fill the armature bracket of the armature, with the axial movement of armature component, the armature bracket drive driven wheel assembly motion so as to
Driving wheel engages or separation.
7. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 6, wherein：The armature is provided separately with armature bracket, and is set respectively
In the both sides in the direction of the axis along the rotating shaft of driven wheel assembly.
8. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 6, wherein：The armature includes annular element and is circumferentially arranged at ring
One or more permanent magnets on shape part are annular permanent magnet.
9. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 8, wherein：The annular element is made up of not magnetisable material.
10. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 2, wherein：The electromagnet includes iron yoke and the electricity being positioned in iron yoke
Magnetic coil, the magnetisable member are the iron yokes of the electromagnet.
11. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 10, wherein：The annular element that the armature component is formed as one, it is described
Annular element has permanent magnet and the shift fork for stirring driven wheel assembly motion.
12. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 11, wherein：The driven wheel assembly include with spline and with the flower
A kind of cylindrical part in the spline that key coordinates, the annular element formed with the another kind in the spline and spline,
The axial movement of the armature component is directed axially by the cooperation of the spline and spline.
13. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 10, wherein：The electromagnetic clutch also includes double-row-ball angular contact axle
Hold, the bearing is with the electromagnet shaft to side by side and positioned at one opposite with the driven wheel assembly of the electromagnet
Side.
14. such as the electromagnetic clutch any one of claim 2-13, wherein：When the armature component moves to first
When putting, predetermined gap be present between the armature component and the magnetisable member.
15. such as the electromagnetic clutch any one of claim 2-13, wherein：The electromagnetic clutch also includes second turn
Son, second rotor are located at opposite with the electromagnet one on the direction of the axis in the rotating shaft of the armature component
On side, second rotor includes soft magnetic materials, when the armature component moves to the second place, the armature component
Permanent magnet attracted each other with the bitrochanteric soft magnetic materials.
16. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 1, wherein：The first position is the position away from the electromagnet, institute
State the position that the second place is proximate to the electromagnet.
17. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 16, wherein：The electromagnetic clutch includes the second rotor, and described second
Rotor is located on side opposite with the electromagnet on the direction of the axis in the rotating shaft of the armature component, and described
Two rotors include soft magnetic materials, and the magnetisable member is second rotor.
18. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 17, wherein：The electromagnetic clutch also include positioned at armature component with
Second rotor opposite side and the first rotor including soft magnetic materials.
19. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 18, wherein：The driving wheel has the annular radial portion radially extended
Part, the radial component form the first rotor.
20. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 19, wherein：The first rotor is provided with magnet isolation tank, and the magnet isolation tank can
The specific magnetic fields of guiding electromagnet are acted on by the first rotor on the permanent magnet of the armature component.
21. electromagnetic clutch as claimed in claim 18, wherein：The electromagnet includes iron yoke and the electricity being positioned in iron yoke
Magnetic coil, the first rotor are the iron yokes of the electromagnet.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610179231.2A CN105605121B (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-03-25 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| PCT/CN2016/079399 WO2016165648A1 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-15 | Electromagnetic clutch |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2015101823994 | 2015-04-17 | ||
| CN201510182399.4A CN104747621A (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| CN201610179231.2A CN105605121B (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-03-25 | Electromagnetic clutch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105605121A CN105605121A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| CN105605121B true CN105605121B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
Family
ID=53587747
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510182399.4A Pending CN104747621A (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| CN201610164197.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105570341B (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| CN201610179231.2A Expired - Fee Related CN105605121B (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-03-25 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| CN201620241000.5U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205503810U (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-03-25 | Electromagnetic clutch |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510182399.4A Pending CN104747621A (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| CN201610164197.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105570341B (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Electromagnetic clutch |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620241000.5U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205503810U (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-03-25 | Electromagnetic clutch |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (4) | CN104747621A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016165648A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104747621A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-01 | 盖茨胜地汽车水泵产品(烟台)有限责任公司 | Electromagnetic clutch |
| CN107191260A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-22 | 苏州睿昕汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of electromagnet Water pump clutch |
| WO2019061417A1 (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-04 | 深圳市艾莱茵科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic clutch and gearbox |
| CN108511645B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-06-22 | 杨胜 | Battery pack of pure electric vehicle |
| CN108952934B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2023-11-24 | 嘉兴兴涛汽车零部件有限公司 | Water pump clutch power-on differential device |
| CN111866327A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-10-30 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Pop-up camera module and terminal |
| KR102565075B1 (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-08-09 | 대동모벨시스템 주식회사 | Vehicle shift by wire clutch apparatus |
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- 2015-04-17 CN CN201510182399.4A patent/CN104747621A/en active Pending
- 2015-04-17 CN CN201610164197.1A patent/CN105570341B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-03-25 CN CN201610179231.2A patent/CN105605121B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-03-25 CN CN201620241000.5U patent/CN205503810U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2016-04-15 WO PCT/CN2016/079399 patent/WO2016165648A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN205503810U (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| CN105570341B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
| CN104747621A (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| WO2016165648A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
| CN105570341A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN105605121A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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