CN105603464A - Process for achieving mix-melting method alloy aluminum production based on electrolytic method and aluminum reduction method - Google Patents
Process for achieving mix-melting method alloy aluminum production based on electrolytic method and aluminum reduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105603464A CN105603464A CN201610104763.XA CN201610104763A CN105603464A CN 105603464 A CN105603464 A CN 105603464A CN 201610104763 A CN201610104763 A CN 201610104763A CN 105603464 A CN105603464 A CN 105603464A
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for achieving mix-melting method alloy aluminum production based on an electrolytic method and an aluminum reduction method. In the aluminum electrolysis production process, the oxide of an alloy element B and the simple substance, intermediate or alloy body of an alloy element C are further added to molten aluminum in an electrolytic tank by penetrating through a dielectric layer while the oxide of an alloy element A is added to an aluminum oxide raw material, the obtained simple substance of the alloy element A, the obtained simple substance of the alloy element B and the simple substance, intermediate or alloy body of the alloy element C are dissolved in the molten aluminum together and are uniformly dispersed in the molten aluminum under the high temperature of the molten aluminum and the external magnetic stirring effect, and the molten aluminum is taken out and cooled to obtain alloy aluminum. The process overcomes the technical difficulty and technical defects of the prior art, can achieve mix-melting in the modern large pre-baked electrolytic tank, can also achieve mix-melting in a self-baked tank, does not affect the work stability and easy controllability of the electrolytic tank and can flexibly organize and produce various grades, types and batches of high-quality alloy aluminum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technique of producing alloy aluminum, particularly a kind of based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodRealize the technique of mix-melting method production alloy aluminum.
Background technology
The topmost mode of production of modern alloy aluminum is mix-melting method, and part adopts electrolysis to produce. Mix-melting methodExactly aluminium ingot is melted in reverberatory furnace or middle frequency furnace, and add respectively by the requirement of required alloy aluminum compositionKind aluminium alloy is molten joins intermediate or required various metallic elements, by being incubated more for a long time and stirringMix, be generally 2～8 hours, various alloying elements are incorporated in aluminium liquid, its main shortcoming is:
1, melt and join temperature general control 750 DEG C of left and right, its temperature is lower, makes alloy incorporate aluminium liquid notFully, and alloying element to incorporate the spread lower, alloy mass is poor, is difficult to produce high-quality alloy.
2, after aluminium ingot secondary melts, must the long period be incubated and stir, just can make alloying element incorporate,Energy consumption is very big.
3, the secondary of aluminium ingot melts and insulation for a long time, and aluminium liquid and the various alloying component of thawing must haveThe phenomenon contacting with air, cannot avoid producing scaling loss, and burn out rate is generally about 0.5-1%.
4, aluminium alloy covering agent must be used, and the aluminium ash aluminium slag of serious environment pollution can be produced.
And electrolysis incorporates various metal oxides in ice crystal-alumina series molten mass exactly, with oxygenChange the common electrolysis of aluminium, produce a kind of method of alloy, the shortcoming of its existence is:
1, add various oxides in ice crystal-alumina series molten mass all can affect the work of electrolytic cellStability, increases electrolysis production difficulty.
2, when electrolysis production alloy aluminum, alloying component is more difficult control also, particularly large-scale pre-in the modern timesThe more difficult control of composition when roasting groove production alloy aluminum, cannot realize a series at all and divide groove production not of the same raceThe alloy aluminum of class, the different trades mark.
Although electrolysis production alloy aluminum with respect to mix-melting method have quality good, without advantages such as secondary scaling loss,Not becoming the main flow that alloy aluminum is produced, is exactly because above-mentioned technical difficulty is too large and other reason,Electrolysis is used for high-end alloy aluminum and produces. And now electrolysis produce alloy be all with relatively fall behind fromRoasting groove, adopts the mode of crust breaking and loading to produce, and compared with modern large-scale pre-baked cell, power consumption ton aluminium is high by 3000More than degree, in workshop, produce a large amount of pitch smog and dust, fluoride consumption multiplication, alumina raw materialLoss is larger, and production environment is very severe, pollutes greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of and realize mix-melting method based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method and produce and closeThe technique of gold aluminium. The present invention has overcome technical difficulty and the technological deficiency in above-mentioned two kinds of methods, can realizeMoltenly in modern large pre-baked cell join production aluminium alloy, also can in self-roasting tank, melt and join production aluminium and closeGold, and do not affect the stability of electric tank working, the easy property controlled, can organize flexibly and produce the various trades mark, kindThe high-quality alloy aluminum of class, batch.
Technical scheme of the present invention: one realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, be in Aluminium Electrolysis process, to the oxide that adds A alloying element in alumina raw materialTime, also through dielectric layer to the oxide and the C that add B alloying element in the aluminium liquid in electrolytic cellSimple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of alloying element, the electrolysis together with aluminium oxide of the oxide of A alloying elementObtain the simple substance of A alloying element, the oxide of B alloying element obtains B alloy under the reduction of aluminiumThe simple substance of element, the simple substance of the simple substance of A alloying element, the simple substance of B alloying element and C alloying element,Intermediate or alloy body incorporate in aluminium liquid together, in high temperature and the outside magnetic agitation effect of aluminium liquidUnder, be distributed to uniformly in aluminium liquid, take out aluminium liquid cooling and but obtain afterwards alloy aluminum.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described A closesGold element, B alloying element and C alloying element include respectively one or more alloying element.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described A closesGold element, B alloying element and C alloying element are the required element of production alloy aluminum.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described B closesGold element is the alloying element that oxidisability is better than aluminium.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described centreBody is aluminium alloy intermediate, and described alloy body is aluminium alloy body.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described aluminium closesGold intermediate and aluminium alloy body are to drop in electrolytic cell with normal temperature bulk or graininess.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, comprises as followsStep:
(1) in aluminium electrolysis process, get aluminium liquefaction and test, calculate oxide, the B of A alloying elementThe required amount of simple substance, intermediate or alloy body of the oxide of alloying element and C alloying element;
(2) take the oxide, the B alloying element that in step (1), calculate rear required A alloying elementOxide and simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of C alloying element, first by the oxidation of A alloying elementThing, by being added to together with alumina raw material in electrolytic cell, then passes dielectric layer by B alloying elementOxide and simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of C alloying element directly put into the aluminium liquid in electrolytic cellIn;
(3) temperature in control aluminium liquid, at 930 DEG C-970 DEG C, is finally taken out aluminium liquid, cooling, obtains aluminiumAlloy.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described B closesSimple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of the oxide of gold element and C alloying element drop into the method in aluminium liquidBe: in the time of change poles, add, from pinkeye mouth, add by the anode openings place of carrying out or separately opening add.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, described aluminium electricitySolution is to carry out in self-roasting tank or pre-baking tank.
The aforesaid technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, its feature existsIn: described aluminium electroloysis is to carry out in pre-baking tank.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the temperature in electrolytic cell is than molten high approximately 200 DEG C of the temperature in stove of joining, and alloying element incorporates aluminium liquidSooner, the spread is higher, alloy quality is better.
2, electrolytic cell goes out a secondary aluminium liquid for general about 24～48 hours, with conventional mix-melting method 2-8 hourThe molten timing of insulation between compare, between molten timing, significantly increase, meanwhile, the mechanical type electromagnetism that mix-melting method is supportingIn the stirring capacity of agitator and electrolytic cell under the kilo-ampere functions of current up to a hundred powerful function composite by electromagnetic stirringAnd the powerful stirring capacity producing under the acting in conjunction of air-flow that produces of electrolysis cannot compare, alloying element meltsEnter faster, the spread is higher, better quality.
3, in electrolytic cell, be a strong reducing environment, the possibility that does not exist aluminium liquid and alloying component to be burnt,Do not need to use aluminium alloy covering agent, the molten aluminium ash aluminium slag that can not produce serious environment pollution in process of joining,More friendly to environment.
4,, compared with electrolysis, the present invention is former by the oxide of alloy part element being sneaked into aluminium oxideIn material, electrolysis obtains the simple substance of alloying element together with aluminium oxide, and the oxide of other alloying element is directAdd in aluminium liquid the alloy that alloying element is restored and obtain with electrolysis by the reduction of aluminium liquidElement and directly add simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of the alloying element in aluminium liquid to incorporate together aluminium liquidIn, the alloying element that has incorporated aluminium liquid can be oppositely not oxidized, reduced various oxides simultaneously and incorporated iceIn spar-aluminium oxide molten system, reduce the interference of the job stability to electrolytic cell, the molten process of joiningMore stable and controlled, meanwhile, in alloy aluminum production process, by analyzing at any time alloy unit in aluminium liquidThe content proportioning of element, by by the simple substance of the oxide of alloying element and alloying element, intermediate or alloyBody directly adds in aluminium liquid the alloying element containing quantity not sufficient is supplemented, and has reduced alloy aluminum production processThe control difficulty of middle alloying element proportioning.
5, organization of production of the present invention is flexible, and a serial electrolytic cell is generally by tens of extremely hundreds of listsGroove composition, each groove works alone, and realizes the alloy that divides groove independently to produce the different trades mark, kind and batch non-Chang Rongyi, only needs a point groove to allocate alloying element into.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1: a kind of technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method,In Aluminium Electrolysis process, to adding the oxide of A alloying element in alumina raw material when,Also through dielectric layer to the oxide and the C alloying element that add B alloying element in the aluminium liquid in electrolytic cellSimple substance, intermediate or alloy body, the electrolysis together with aluminium oxide of the oxide of A alloying element obtains A and closesThe simple substance of gold element, the oxide of B alloying element obtains the list of B alloying element under the reduction of aluminiumMatter, simple substance, the intermediate of the simple substance of A alloying element, the simple substance of B alloying element and C alloying elementOr alloy body incorporates in aluminium liquid together, under the high temperature of aluminium liquid and outside magnetic agitation effect, evenlyBe distributed in aluminium liquid, take out aluminium liquid cooling and but obtain afterwards alloy aluminum.
Described A alloying element, B alloying element and C alloying element include respectively one or moreAlloying element.
Described A alloying element, B alloying element and C alloying element are the required element (A of production alloy aluminumAlloying element, B alloying element and C alloying element are element of the same race or element not of the same race).
Described B alloying element is the alloying element that oxidisability is better than aluminium.
Described intermediate be aluminium alloy intermediate (aluminium alloy intermediate be in aluminium, add a certain amount of correspondingAlloying element after the alloy intermediate that forms), described alloy body is aluminium alloy body.
Described aluminium alloy intermediate and aluminium alloy body are to drop in electrolytic cell with normal temperature bulk or graininess.
Its concrete technology comprises the steps:
(1) in aluminium electrolysis process, get aluminium liquefaction and test, calculate oxide, the B of A alloying elementThe required amount of simple substance, intermediate or alloy body of the oxide of alloying element and C alloying element;
(2) take the oxide, the B alloying element that in step (1), calculate rear required A alloying elementOxide and simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of C alloying element, first by the oxidation of A alloying elementThing, by being added to together with alumina raw material in electrolytic cell, then passes dielectric layer by B alloying elementOxide and simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of C alloying element directly put into the aluminium liquid in electrolytic cellIn;
(3) temperature in control aluminium liquid, 930 DEG C-970 DEG C (being preferably 940-950 DEG C), is finally gotGo out aluminium liquid, cooling, obtain aluminium alloy.
Simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of the oxide of described B alloying element and C alloying element drop into aluminiumMethod in liquid is: in the time of change poles, added, from pinkeye mouth, added by the anode openings place of carrying out or separatelyOpening adds (as preferably, being to add from pinkeye mouth).
Described aluminium electroloysis is to carry out in self-roasting tank or pre-baking tank.
As preferably, described aluminium electroloysis is to carry out in pre-baking tank.
Embodiment 2: a kind of technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method,Described alloy aluminum is aluminium copper, and its production method comprises the steps:
(1) electrolytic aluminium in pre-baking tank, gets aluminium liquefaction and tests in aluminium electrolysis process, calculate requisite oxygenChange the amount of copper and elemental copper;
(2) take cupric oxide and the elemental copper of aequum, part is taken the cupric oxide that obtains by withAluminium oxide puts into that in electrolytic cell, (cupric oxide electrolysis together with aluminium oxide obtains elemental copper and aluminium list togetherMatter, and mix), through dielectric layer, part is taken to the cupric oxide and the elemental copper that obtain simultaneouslyBy directly adding in pinkeye mouth, in aluminium liquid, (copper ion in cupric oxide is reduced into elemental copper by aluminium, partAluminium is oxidized to aluminium oxide and is deposited to the bottom of electrolytic cell), elemental copper and electrolysis that reduction obtains obtainElemental copper incorporate together with elemental copper in aluminium liquid, and in the high temperature of aluminium liquid and outside magnetic agitationUnder effect, be dispersed in aluminium liquid;
(3) temperature in control aluminium cell, at 940 DEG C-950 DEG C, is finally taken out aluminium liquid (aluminium liquid oneAs within 48 hours, emit once in electrolysis later), cooling, obtain aluminium copper.
Embodiment 3: a kind of technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method,Described alloy aluminum is aluminium copper, and its production method comprises the steps:
(1) electrolytic aluminium in self-roasting tank, gets aluminium liquefaction and tests in aluminium electrolysis process, calculate requisite oxygenChange the amount of copper and aluminium copper intermediate;
(2) take the cupric oxide of aequum and aluminium copper intermediate (aluminium copper intermediate is for block),Part is taken to the cupric oxide obtaining by put into (cupric oxide and oxidation in electrolytic cell together with aluminium oxideAluminium together electrolysis obtains elemental copper and aluminium simple substance, and mixes), pass dielectric layer by portion simultaneouslyPoint take the cupric oxide that obtains and aluminium copper intermediate by when the change poles by the anode openings place of carrying outAdd that in aluminium liquid, (copper ion in cupric oxide is reduced into elemental copper by aluminium, and part aluminium is oxidized to aluminium oxideAnd be deposited to the bottom of electrolytic cell), elemental copper and aluminum bronze that the elemental copper that reduction obtains and electrolysis obtain closeGold intermediate incorporates in aluminium liquid together, and equal under the effect of the high temperature of aluminium liquid and the magnetic agitation of outsideEven being dispersed in aluminium liquid;
(3) temperature in control aluminium cell, at 930 DEG C-940 DEG C, is finally taken out aluminium liquid (aluminium liquid oneAs within 48 hours, emit once in electrolysis later), cooling, obtain aluminium copper.
Embodiment 4: a kind of technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method,Described alloy aluminum is aldray, and its production method comprises the steps:
(1) electrolytic aluminium in self-roasting tank, gets aluminium liquefaction and tests in aluminium electrolysis process, calculate magnesia,Silica and the required amount of alusil alloy body;
(2) (alusil alloy body is to take respectively magnesia, silica and the alusil alloy body of aequumGraininess), will take the magnesia obtaining by put into (magnesia in electrolytic cell together with aluminium oxideElectrolysis obtains simple substance magnesium and aluminium simple substance together with aluminium oxide, and mixes), simultaneously through dielectricLayer by take the silica that obtains and alusil alloy body by when the change poles by the anode openings place of carrying out (orOn electrolytic cell separately after opening) directly add that in aluminium liquid, (silicon ion in silica is reduced into list by aluminiumMatter silicon, part aluminium is oxidized to aluminium oxide and is deposited to the bottom of electrolytic cell), the elemental silicon that reduction obtainsThe simple substance magnesium obtaining with electrolysis incorporates in aluminium liquid together with alusil alloy body, in high temperature and the outside of aluminium liquidThe effect of magnetic agitation under be dispersed in aluminium liquid;
(3) temperature in control aluminium cell, at 950 DEG C-970 DEG C, is finally taken out aluminium liquid (aluminium liquid oneAs within 48 hours, emit once in electrolysis later), cooling, obtain aldray.
In the time that alloying element reaches more than three kinds or three kinds, all can add by said method.
Claims (10)
1. a technique that realizes mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method, is characterized in that:In Aluminium Electrolysis process, to adding the oxide of A alloying element in alumina raw material when,Also through dielectric layer to the oxide and the C alloying element that add B alloying element in the aluminium liquid in electrolytic cellSimple substance, intermediate or alloy body, the electrolysis together with aluminium oxide of the oxide of A alloying element obtains A and closesThe simple substance of gold element, the oxide of B alloying element obtains the list of B alloying element under the reduction of aluminiumMatter, simple substance, the intermediate of the simple substance of A alloying element, the simple substance of B alloying element and C alloying elementOr alloy body incorporates in aluminium liquid together, under the high temperature of aluminium liquid and outside magnetic agitation effect, evenlyBe distributed in aluminium liquid, take out aluminium liquid cooling and but obtain afterwards alloy aluminum.
2. according to claim 1ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: described A alloying element, B alloying element and C alloying element include respectivelyOne or more alloying element.
3. according to claim 1 and 2ly realize mix-melting method based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction method and produce alloyThe technique of aluminium, is characterized in that: described A alloying element, B alloying element and C alloying element are for producingThe required element of alloy aluminum.
4. according to claim 1ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: described B alloying element is the alloying element that oxidisability is better than aluminium.
5. according to claim 1ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: described intermediate is aluminium alloy intermediate, and described alloy body is aluminium alloy body.
6. according to claim 5ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: described aluminium alloy intermediate and aluminium alloy body are to throw with normal temperature bulk or graininessEnter in electrolytic cell.
7. according to claim 1ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) in aluminium electrolysis process, get aluminium liquefaction and test, calculate oxide, the B of A alloying elementThe required amount of simple substance, intermediate or alloy body of the oxide of alloying element and C alloying element;
(2) take the oxide, the B alloying element that in step (1), calculate rear required A alloying elementOxide and simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of C alloying element, first by the oxidation of A alloying elementThing, by being added to together with alumina raw material in electrolytic cell, then passes dielectric layer by B alloying elementOxide and simple substance, intermediate or the alloy body of C alloying element directly put into the aluminium liquid in electrolytic cellIn;
(3) temperature in control aluminium liquid, at 930 DEG C-970 DEG C, is finally taken out aluminium liquid, cooling, obtains aluminiumAlloy.
8. according to claim 7ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: simple substance, the intermediate of the oxide of described B alloying element and C alloying elementOr the method that alloy body drops in aluminium liquid is: in the time of change poles by the anode openings place of carrying out add, from pinkeyeMouthful in add or separately opening add.
9. according to claim 7ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: described aluminium electroloysis is to carry out in self-roasting tank or pre-baking tank.
10. according to claim 9ly realize mix-melting method production alloy aluminum based on electrolysis and aluminum reduction methodTechnique, is characterized in that: described aluminium electroloysis is to carry out in pre-baking tank.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1030949A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-08 | 江西冶金学院 | Direct electrolysis method is produced the rare earth Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy |
| CN1037177A (en) * | 1988-04-26 | 1989-11-15 | 保定铝厂 | Direct electrolytic production of aluminum-the titanium of industrial aluminum electrolysis bath-boron ternary master alloy |
| CN1896331A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-01-17 | 曹大力 | Production of aluminum and copper-based alloy |
| CN102634821A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-15 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Electrolytic production process of aluminum-zirconium-titanium alloy |
-
2016
- 2016-02-25 CN CN201610104763.XA patent/CN105603464A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1030949A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-08 | 江西冶金学院 | Direct electrolysis method is produced the rare earth Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy |
| CN1037177A (en) * | 1988-04-26 | 1989-11-15 | 保定铝厂 | Direct electrolytic production of aluminum-the titanium of industrial aluminum electrolysis bath-boron ternary master alloy |
| CN1896331A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-01-17 | 曹大力 | Production of aluminum and copper-based alloy |
| CN102634821A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-08-15 | 山东滨州渤海活塞股份有限公司 | Electrolytic production process of aluminum-zirconium-titanium alloy |
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