CN105603161A - Process for hardening and tempering marine nodular cast iron crankshafts - Google Patents
Process for hardening and tempering marine nodular cast iron crankshafts Download PDFInfo
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- CN105603161A CN105603161A CN201610038473.XA CN201610038473A CN105603161A CN 105603161 A CN105603161 A CN 105603161A CN 201610038473 A CN201610038473 A CN 201610038473A CN 105603161 A CN105603161 A CN 105603161A
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- crankshaft
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of technologies for thermally treating metal, in particular to a process for hardening and tempering marine nodular cast iron crankshafts. The process includes (1), placing crankshaft castings into a high-temperature furnace, filling the high-temperature furnace with inert gas, heating the high-temperature furnace until the temperature of the high-temperature furnace reaches 300-350 DEG C, preserving heat of the high-temperature furnace for 1-2 h, then heating the high-temperature furnace until the temperature of the high-temperature furnace reaches 550-620 DEG C, preserving heat of the high-temperature furnace for 1-2 h, ultimately heating the high-temperature furnace until the temperature of the high-temperature furnace reaches 800-850 DEG C, preserving heat of the high-temperature furnace for 2-4 h to obtain thermally pre-treated crankshaft castings and reducing the temperatures of the crankshaft castings at the speeds of 20 DEG C/min until the temperatures of the crankshaft castings reach 500 DEG C; heating the thermally pre-treated crankshaft castings until the temperatures of the crankshaft castings reach 800-810 DEG C, filling the crankshaft castings with carburization protective gas, perpendicularly arranging the treated crankshaft castings into a quenching medium which is super-saturated solution of tri-nitrate in water, cooling the crankshaft castings until the temperatures of the crankshaft castings reach 40 DEG C approximately and lifting and cleaning the crankshaft castings in water after the crankshaft castings are completely cooled; carrying out tempering treatment on the crankshaft castings at the tempering temperatures of 590-610 DEG C, preserving heat of the crankshaft castings for 4 h and then cooling the crankshaft castings by the aid of air until the temperatures of the crankshaft castings reach the room temperature. The process has the advantages that specific hardening and tempering treatment is carried out on the crankshaft castings, accordingly, the mechanical comprehensive properties of the crankshafts can be obviously improved, work requirements on the crankshafts can be met, the service lives of the crankshafts can be prolonged, and the process is simple and is low in cost and easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal heat treatmet technical field, especially a kind of hardening and tempering process of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel.
Background technology
Bent axle, is important parts on engine, has two significant points: the diameter of axle, turns footpath, (also having other). The diameter of axle is installed on cylinder body, turns footpath and is connected with crank pin end pore, and connecting rod small end hole is connected with steam-cylinder piston, is a typical slider-crank mechanism. Engine working process is exactly that piston, through mixing firing of compressed gas, promotes piston and does rectilinear motion, and by connecting rod, power is passed to bent axle, by bent axle, rectilinear motion is changed into and is rotatablely moved. The rotation of bent axle is the power source of engine. Also be the driving source of whole ship.
In the production of crank axle for vessel, having a class is to adopt Ductile Iron Casting to make, and spherulitic iron crankshaft wearability is good, damping property is good, processability is good, and blank cost of manufacture is lower by 30% than forged steel crankshaft, has high cost performance, meets lightweight requirements. Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is to obtain by nodularization and inoculation, has effectively improved the mechanical performance of cast iron, has particularly improved plasticity and toughness, thereby obtains than also high intensity of carbon steel. Bent axle has two significant points---trunnion and connecting rod neck, because of its effect that need to bear continuous alternate stress, there is higher requirement for mechanical property, bent axle is in the course of the work, because being subject to for a long time the effect of alternate stress, and cause it to use the shorter problem of average life.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of hardening and tempering process of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel is provided, the ductile iron crankshaft mechanical property peculiar to vessel that this technique makes is high, long service life.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then pass into inert gas, first be warming up to 300-350 DEG C, insulation 1-2h, is then warming up to 550-620 DEG C, insulation 1-2h, finally be warming up to 800-850 DEG C, be incubated 2-4h, obtain the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, be then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 800-810 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, start to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 3-5ml/min, continue to be warming up to 860-880 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcohol is adjusted to 6-8ml/min, and the quenching that keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 3-5h of 860-880 DEG C, makes its surface obtain the carburized layer of 0.12-0.18mm;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 860-890 DEG C, insulation 3-5h, makes the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) is vertically put into supersaturation three glass gall solution hardening medias and be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 590-610 DEG C, and after insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Further, described cement protection gas is made up of air, propane amine, and its volume ratio is 1.1-1.5:1.
Further, described cement protection gas is made up of air, propane amine, and its volume ratio is 1.2:1.
Further, Quenching Treatment in described step (2) is as follows: the speed with 5-10 DEG C/min is warming up to 920-940 DEG C, insulation 60-90min, and then be cooled to rapidly 350-360 DEG C with the speed of 180-200 DEG C/s, the described mode of cooling employing brine sparge rapidly, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 6-8%.
Further, the mesohalobic mass percent of described salt solution is 8%.
Further, the quenching of coming out of the stove after the middle temperature 4h that keeps 860-880 DEG C of described step (2), makes its surface obtain the carburized layer of 0.15mm.
Adopt the beneficial effect of technical scheme of the present invention to be:
1, hardening and tempering process of the present invention adopts and in high temperature furnace, splashes into suitable methyl alcohol and cement protection gas, utilize the surface of the active atoms of carbon reparation decarburization in stove, can effectively increase the carbon content of bent axle, in ensureing whole crank shaft mechanical property, improve the fatigue strength of bent axle, especially be the fatigue strength of non-machined surface, and can improve the service life of connecting rod and prevent connecting rod fatigue damage;
2, the present invention, by automatic modeling crankshaft casting being adopted to specific modifier treatment, is significantly improved the mechanical property of bent axle, has met the job requirement of bent axle, has improved the service life of bent axle; The inventive method is simple, and cost is low, easily operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then pass into inert gas, be first warming up to 300 DEG C, insulation 1h, then be warming up to 550 DEG C, insulation 1h, is finally warming up to 800 DEG C, be incubated 2h, obtain the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, be then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 800 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, start to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 3ml/min, continue to be warming up to 860 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcohol is adjusted to 6ml/min, and the quenching that keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 3h of 860 DEG C, makes its surface obtain the carburized layer of 0.12mm; Described cement protection gas is made up of air, propane amine, and its volume ratio is 1.1:1;
Quenching Treatment is as follows: be warming up to 920 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min, and insulation 60min, and then be cooled to rapidly 350 DEG C with the speed of 180 DEG C/s, and the described mode of cooling employing brine sparge rapidly, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 6%;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 860 DEG C, insulation 3h, makes the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) is vertically put into supersaturation three glass gall solution hardening medias and be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 590 DEG C, and after insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 2
A hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then pass into inert gas, be first warming up to 320 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, then be warming up to 560 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, is finally warming up to 820 DEG C, be incubated 2.5h, obtain the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, be then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 805 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, start to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 3.5ml/min, continue to be warming up to 870 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcohol is adjusted to 6.5ml/min, and quenching keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 3.5h of 865 DEG C, make its surface obtain cement protection gas described in the carburized layer of 0.15mm and be made up of air, propane amine, its volume ratio is 1.2:1;
Quenching Treatment is as follows: be warming up to 925 DEG C with the speed of 6 DEG C/min, and insulation 70min, and then be cooled to rapidly 355 DEG C with the speed of 185 DEG C/s, and the described mode of cooling employing brine sparge rapidly, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 6.5%;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 870 DEG C, insulation 3.5h, makes the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) is vertically put into supersaturation three glass gall solution hardening medias and be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 595 DEG C, and after insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 3
A hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then pass into inert gas, be first warming up to 330 DEG C, insulation 1.8h, then be warming up to 580 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, is finally warming up to 830 DEG C, be incubated 3h, obtain the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, be then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 805 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, start to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 4ml/min, continue to be warming up to 870 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcohol is adjusted to 7ml/min, and quenching keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 4h of 870 DEG C, make its surface obtain cement protection gas described in the carburized layer of 0.15mm and be made up of air, propane amine, its volume ratio is 1.2:1;
Quenching Treatment is as follows: be warming up to 930 DEG C with the speed of 8 DEG C/min, and insulation 80min, and then be cooled to rapidly 355 DEG C with the speed of 190 DEG C/s, and the described mode of cooling employing brine sparge rapidly, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 8%;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 880 DEG C, insulation 4h, makes the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) is vertically put into supersaturation three glass gall solution hardening medias and be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 590-610 DEG C, and after insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 4
A hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then pass into inert gas, be first warming up to 345 DEG C, insulation 1.8h, then be warming up to 610 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, is finally warming up to 840 DEG C, be incubated 3.5h, obtain the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, be then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 810 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, start to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 4.5ml/min, continue to be warming up to 875 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcohol is adjusted to 7ml/min, and quenching keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 4.5h of 860-880 DEG C, make its surface obtain cement protection gas described in the carburized layer of 0.16mm and be made up of air, propane amine, its volume ratio is 1.4:1;
Quenching Treatment is as follows: be warming up to 930 DEG C with the speed of 5-10 DEG C/min, and insulation 80min, and then be cooled to rapidly 355 DEG C with the speed of 190 DEG C/s, and the described mode of cooling employing brine sparge rapidly, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 8%;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 890 DEG C, insulation 5h, makes the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) is vertically put into supersaturation three glass gall solution hardening medias and be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 600 DEG C, and after insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Embodiment 5
A hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then pass into inert gas, be first warming up to 350 DEG C, insulation 2h, then be warming up to 620 DEG C, insulation 2h, is finally warming up to 850 DEG C, be incubated 4h, obtain the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, be then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 810 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, start to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 5ml/min, continue to be warming up to 880 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcohol is adjusted to 8ml/min, and quenching keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 5h of 880 DEG C, make its surface obtain cement protection gas described in the carburized layer of 0.18mm and be made up of air, propane amine, its volume ratio is 1.5:1;
Quenching Treatment is as follows: be warming up to 940 DEG C with the speed of 10 DEG C/min, and insulation 90min, and then be cooled to rapidly 360 DEG C with the speed of 200 DEG C/s, and the described mode of cooling employing brine sparge rapidly, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 8%;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 890 DEG C, insulation 5h, makes the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) is vertically put into supersaturation three glass gall solution hardening medias and be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 610 DEG C, and after insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
Ductile iron crankshaft after modifier treatment in embodiment 1-5 is carried out to Performance Detection, and testing result is in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 3 is preferred embodiment.
Although above-described embodiment describes in detail technical scheme of the present invention, but technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, in the situation that not departing from thought of the present invention and aim, any change that technical scheme of the present invention is done all will fall into claims limited range of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a hardening and tempering process for ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) automatic modeling crankshaft casting is put into high temperature furnace, then passes into inert gas, be first warming up to 300-350 DEG C,Insulation 1-2h, is then warming up to 550-620 DEG C, and insulation 1-2h, is finally warming up to 800-850 DEG C, insulation2-4h, obtains the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment, is then down to 500 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min;
(2) while the automatic modeling crankshaft casting of the pre-heat treatment being heated to 800-810 DEG C, pass into cement protection gas, openBegin to splash into methyl alcohol, rate of addition is 3-5ml/min, continues to be warming up to 860-880 DEG C, the rate of addition of methyl alcoholBe adjusted to 6-8ml/min, the quenching that keeps coming out of the stove after the temperature 3-5h of 860-880 DEG C, obtains its surfaceThe carburized layer of 0.12-0.18mm;
(3) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (2) is heated to 860-890 DEG C, insulation 3-5h, makesObtain the whole austenitizings of matrix;
(4) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (3) vertically being put into supersaturation three nitre aqueous solution quench is situated betweenIn matter, be cooled to 40 DEG C of left and right, after cooling end, hang in water and clean;
(5) automatic modeling crankshaft casting after treatment in step (4) is carried out to temper, temperature is 590-610 DEG C,After insulation 4h, air cooling is to room temperature.
2. the hardening and tempering process of a kind of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel according to claim 1, is characterized in that:Described cement protection gas is made up of air, propane amine, and its volume ratio is 1.1-1.5:1.
3. the hardening and tempering process of a kind of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel according to claim 2, is characterized in that:Described cement protection gas is made up of air, propane amine, and its volume ratio is 1.2:1.
4. the hardening and tempering process of a kind of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel according to claim 1, is characterized in that,Quenching Treatment in described step (2) is as follows: the speed with 5-10 DEG C/min is warming up to 920-940 DEG C, protectsTemperature 60-90min, and then be cooled to rapidly 350-360 DEG C with the speed of 180-200 DEG C/s, rapidly describedThe mode of cooling employing brine sparge, the mesohalobic mass percent of salt solution is 6-8%.
5. the hardening and tempering process of a kind of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel according to claim 4, its feature existsIn: the mesohalobic mass percent of described salt solution is 8%.
6. the hardening and tempering process of a kind of ductile iron crankshaft peculiar to vessel according to claim 1, is characterized in that,Quenchings that keep in described step (2) coming out of the stove after the temperature 4h of 860-880 DEG C, makes its surface acquisition 0.15mmCarburized layer.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107447185A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-12-08 | 合肥正明机械有限公司 | A kind of processing method for lifting cast steel material surface abrasion resistance Anticorrosive Character |
| CN111763808A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 扬州大学 | Novel quenching-partitioning-isothermal heat treatment process for gradient microstructure on surface of nodular cast iron product and improvement of wear resistance |
| CN116536617A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-04 | 浙江求精科技有限公司 | Heat treatment device and heat treatment process for mining machinery cylinder body |
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| CN111763808A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 扬州大学 | Novel quenching-partitioning-isothermal heat treatment process for gradient microstructure on surface of nodular cast iron product and improvement of wear resistance |
| CN116536617A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-04 | 浙江求精科技有限公司 | Heat treatment device and heat treatment process for mining machinery cylinder body |
| CN116536617B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-10-10 | 浙江求精科技有限公司 | Heat treatment device and heat treatment process for mining machinery cylinder body |
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Application publication date: 20160525 |