CN1056001C - Ultrasonic detecting technology for internal material state of structural member - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detecting technology for internal material state of structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN1056001C CN1056001C CN 93118358 CN93118358A CN1056001C CN 1056001 C CN1056001 C CN 1056001C CN 93118358 CN93118358 CN 93118358 CN 93118358 A CN93118358 A CN 93118358A CN 1056001 C CN1056001 C CN 1056001C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an ultrasonic detection technique for an internal material state of a structural member. An existing ultrasonic echo technique can not be used for detection because of low sensitivity and accuracy when a detected material positioned at one side of a metal belongs to a low acoustic resistance material. In the present invention, a definite mode plate wave is formed by a pulse ultrasonic oblique probe coupled with one side of a thin base material in a base material, a longitudinal wave or a transversal wave is induced by the plate wave in the detected material, and a second plate wave with the same mode is formed by the returned base material. The detection is carried out by two pulse plate wave signals; the technique has the advantages of signal-to-noise ratio, sensitivity and accuracy enhancement, and is used for exteriorly detecting an internal material state of a structural member and detecting a metal plate with thickness below 0.5mm.
Description
The invention belongs to the ultrasonic detecting technology field.
The coated inner wall of some metal thin-wall tubes, jar or container, pipeline has anti-ablation or erosion-resisting clad material or in use generates certain material (as the trowel used for plastering dirt in the gas piping), when carrying out Non-Destructive Testing or when clad material and Metal Substrate body wall bonding peeled off state and carry out Non-Destructive Testing to these clad materials or the thickness that generates material, often because receptor member manufacturing process or structural restriction, only allow at the metallic matrix outside surface clad material or the product of opposite side to be implemented this detection, body shown in Figure 1 promptly belongs to this type.The alternative detection means of this class is to adopt the ultrasonic reflection echo method in the prior art, promptly vertically inject metal matrix material and be attached to the tested material of opposite side from a side, calculate the thickness of tested material layer by the reflection echo that detects metal and tested material interface with the spacing between the reflection echo of tested material and air interface with ultrasound wave.This method weak point is: when clad material or when generating material layer and belonging to low acoustic impedance material, the amplitude of metal interface reflection wave can be considerably beyond the amplitude of the low tested material layer interface echo of acoustic resistance, and sound wave can be in metal repeatedly reflection between two surfaces up and down, the reflection wave at second tested material layer interface is submerged among several reflection echos between the metal interface, thereby can't implements to detect.
The present invention is intended to the deficiency at above-mentioned technology, providing a kind of can widen from second echoed signal of tested material layer reflection with from the spacing between first echoed signal of metal material layer reflection and increase second echoed signal amplitude, reduce it with the difference in magnitude between first echoed signal, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and then improve the supersonic detection method of its detection sensitivity and accuracy.
The technical solution that realizes above-mentioned purpose is: with tested material acoustics coupling and acoustic impedance be matrix material greater than the layer material of tested material, at this matrix material one side impulse ultrasound angle probe that is coupled, according to the matrix material thickness of slab, materials etc. are selected ultrasonic signal frequencies and incident angle, make it in base material layer, can form the Lamb wave of an AD HOC, the selection of this Lamb wave should make the energy flux density of Lamb wave concentrate on the matrix upper and lower surface, this Lamb wave part is propagated along plate of base material face direction, a part enters and induces compressional wave or the shear wave of propagating by certain orientation in the tested material layer that is coupled with matrix material opposite side acoustics, it comes back reflective once in tested material layer, be refracted into base material layer again, in base material layer, form second pulse Lamb wave again with the same pattern of aforementioned first pulse Lamb wave, by on the Lamb wave direction of propagation, picking up above-mentioned two pulse Lamb waves at another ultrasonic probe that is in the same side coupling with transmitting probe on the matrix material, can be by the time difference of second pulse plate phase of wave to first pulse Lamb wave, try to achieve the thickness of tested material layer, have by second pulse Lamb wave that it's too late and the relative amplitude of first pulse Lamb wave, judge the bonding of tested place test material and matrix material or peel off state, can analyze the defective of tested material internal by second pulse plate wave amplitude or waveform.
The employing said method can be from external detection tubing, clad or product that container etc. are inner, what present technique was picked up is the Lamb wave signal of same pattern, second the pulse Lamb wave that is picked up can guarantee bigger wave amplitude, and differ less with first pulse plate wave amplitude, simultaneously because the AD HOC Lamb wave can make its compressional wave that brings out in tested material layer or shear wave that suitable reflection angle is arranged, increased sound path, therefore strengthen the interval between second pulse Lamb wave and first pulse Lamb wave, thereby improve detection sensitivity.In addition, Lamb wave is to propagate in plate face direction, can not appear at the situation that repeatedly reflects between matrix material two interfaces, reduced interference to second pulse Lamb wave signal, improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), therefore can improve the accuracy of detection, adopted present technique also can implement to detect the thin-wall metal layer.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: inwall has the coating clad or generates the thin wall cylinder of material layer
1, tube wall 2, clad or generation material layer
Fig. 2: the coating thickness of the embodiment of the invention 1 rocket, missile propulsive plant steel inner walls coating and with housing bonding condition detection schematic diagram
3, steel housing 4, inside coating 5, transmitting probe
6, sound insulating layer 7, receiving transducer 8, compressional wave
9, compressional wave or shear wave
Fig. 3: the detection that the embodiment of the invention 2 rockets, missile engine case multilayer coat.
10, steel housing 11, thermofin 12, clad
13, propellant
Fig. 4: the thickness that 3 pairs of thickness of the embodiment of the invention are the 0.5-1mm sheet metal detects.
14, tested thin plate 15, high acoustic resistance matrix material 16, sound wedge
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the clad of present embodiment rocket, the coating of missile propulsive plant steel inner walls is a kind of heat-resisting macromolecular material, when adopting the technology of the present invention to detect, transmitting probe 5 and receiving transducer 7 are made coupling probe, coupling probe coupling surface radius-of-curvature equals the surface of shell radius-of-curvature, with motor body as the described matrix material of detection method of the present invention (matrix material thickness is 2mm in the present embodiment), coupling probe is coupling in housing outer surface successively, can carry out the detection of coating thickness and bonding situation.
After the emission angle probe sends pulse compressional wave 8, in steel shell layer 3, produce first pulse Lamb wave I consistent with plate face direction, this Lamb wave induces compressional wave or shear wave 9 in clad 4, and be reflected when propagating into clad and air interface and enter the steel shell layer with certain refraction angle, produce second pulse Lamb wave II once more with pulse Lamb wave I model identical, receiving transducer 7 is received two pulse Lamb wave signal I, behind the II, send into the data processing instrument, can be by pulse Lamb wave I, time interval t between the II, calculate the thickness of clad, have according to second pulse Lamb wave II that it's too late judges with the relative amplitude of first pulse Lamb wave whether clad is bonding with housing at this.
When present embodiment coating thickness sensing range is 0.5-3.0mm, the detection error≤± 0.05mm.
Embodiment 2: rocket, missile propulsive plant shell multilayer are coated when detecting, and also available and embodiment 1 identical method detects housing 10 and thermofin 11, thermofin 11 and clad 12, the unsticking situation of clad and propellant 13 or the thickness of each layer.This moment, receiving transducer received will be pulse Lamb wave I, II, III...... more than 3 or 3, then according to the spacing t between them
1, t
2... or having or not of signal calculate or judge.
Embodiment 3: present embodiment is the detection to sheet metal thickness.
When existing audiogage detects sheet steel thickness,, detect the lower thickness limit value and generally have only 1mm because echo separation is too little.
When adopting the inventive method to detect sheet metal thickness, between ultrasonic probe and sheet metal, establish base material layer 15 (see figure 4)s of an acoustic resistance greater than sheet metal, its two sides is coupled with probe and tested sheet metal acoustics respectively, probe end and matrix material coupling place are provided with the sound wedge 16 of determining incident angle, the present embodiment matrix material adopts the rare metal beryllium, and (its velocity of sound is 12890m/ second, the steel plate velocity of sound is 6000m/ second), thickness is 0.5-1mm, compare with the sound wave of existing thicknessmeter vertical incidence, this detection method is because the sound path increasing, the velocity of sound reduces relatively, echo time can be 2.8 times of existing thicknessmeter, so improved its detection sensitivity and accuracy greatly, but can reach below the 0.5mm to the Thickness Measurement by Microwave of metal foil.
Claims (1)
1, supersonic detection method to internal material state of structural member, it is characterized in that: with the coupling of tested material acoustics and acoustic impedance be matrix material greater than the layer material of tested material, at this matrix material one side impulse ultrasound angle probe that is coupled, according to the matrix material thickness of slab, material is selected ultrasonic signal frequencies and incident angle, make this ultrasonic signal in base material layer, can form the Lamb wave of an AD HOC, the selection of this Lamb wave should make the energy flux density of Lamb wave concentrate on the matrix upper and lower surface, this Lamb wave part is propagated along plate of base material face direction, a part enters and induces compressional wave or the shear wave of propagating by certain orientation in the tested material layer that is coupled with matrix material opposite side acoustics, compressional wave or shear wave come back reflective once in tested material layer, be refracted into base material layer again, in base material layer, form second pulse Lamb wave again with the same pattern of aforementioned first pulse Lamb wave, by on the Lamb wave direction of propagation, picking up above-mentioned two pulse Lamb waves at another ultrasonic probe that is in the same side coupling with transmitting probe on the matrix material, can be by the time difference of the second pulse plate phase of wave to first pulse Lamb wave, try to achieve the thickness of measured material, according to having or not second pulse Lamb wave, judge the bonding of tested place test material and matrix material or peel off state, the defective that can analyze tested material internal to the relative amplitude or the waveform of first pulse Lamb wave according to second pulse plate phase of wave.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93118358 CN1056001C (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Ultrasonic detecting technology for internal material state of structural member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93118358 CN1056001C (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Ultrasonic detecting technology for internal material state of structural member |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1087722A CN1087722A (en) | 1994-06-08 |
| CN1056001C true CN1056001C (en) | 2000-08-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93118358 Expired - Fee Related CN1056001C (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Ultrasonic detecting technology for internal material state of structural member |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1056001C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1865980B (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2010-08-04 | 江苏大学 | Ultrasonic detection method for near surface defect |
| CN103292754B (en) * | 2013-07-06 | 2016-02-03 | 河北联合大学 | Multi-medium-layer ultrasonic thickness test method |
| DE102014207700A1 (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-10-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for monitoring a vulcanization process |
| CN104061884A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-24 | 常州市常超电子研究所有限公司 | Thickness measuring probe |
| CN106153734B (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2020-05-19 | 合肥超科电子有限公司 | Secondary wave wheel type probe bracket and probe |
| CN109030625B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-03-09 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Device and method for detecting bonding defects of composite material |
| CN110006996B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-11-30 | 葫芦岛探克科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic thickness measurement method for metal composite material and application of interlayer interface in ultrasonic thickness measurement |
| CN110308204B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-07-10 | 北京理工大学 | Method for measuring physical characteristic parameters of middle thin layer of three-layer structure |
| CN113607818B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2024-02-27 | 中北大学 | Ultrasonic detection device and method for multi-interface bonding quality |
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1993
- 1993-09-28 CN CN 93118358 patent/CN1056001C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1087722A (en) | 1994-06-08 |
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