CN105599889B - High-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade - Google Patents
High-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN105599889B CN105599889B CN201610018207.0A CN201610018207A CN105599889B CN 105599889 B CN105599889 B CN 105599889B CN 201610018207 A CN201610018207 A CN 201610018207A CN 105599889 B CN105599889 B CN 105599889B
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- rudder
- rudder blade
- composite material
- rudder stock
- area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/38—Rudders
Abstract
The invention discloses a suspended rudder blade used on a water surface or underwater vehicle, which comprises a rudder stock area steel frame (1), a composite material framework (2), a damping and/or sound absorbing material (5), a buoyancy filling core material (6) and a composite material skin (7), wherein the rudder stock area steel frame (1) and the composite material framework (2) are fixedly connected to form a rudder blade integral frame structure, the composite material skin (7) is coated on the surface layer of the rudder blade integral frame structure to form a watertight structure, the buoyancy filling core material (6) is filled in a gap between the rudder blade integral frame structure and the composite material skin (7), and the damping and/or sound absorbing material (5) is filled around a rudder stock of the rudder stock area steel frame (1). The rudder blade made of the high-rigidity light solid composite material provided by the invention has the advantages of high bending/torsion rigidity, corrosion resistance, small underwater weight and low noise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rudder blade used for an underwater vehicle or a water surface vehicle, in particular to a high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade for a ship.
Background
As a control surface, a rudder blade is usually mounted at the tail of the vehicle (an underwater vehicle may also be mounted at the head) and submerged in water, and when the vehicle is underway, a rudder force is generated by rotating the rudder blade to steer the heading. The traditional steel rudder blade mainly has a steel hollow plate frame structure and has the following defects: (1) when the rudder blade is normally used, seawater can freely enter and exit, the internal steel framework is soaked by the seawater for a long time, and the internal space of the rudder blade is narrow, so that maintenance cannot be carried out, and the corrosion problem of the internal framework structure is very serious; (2) the sediment in the rudder blade is accumulated for a long time, so that the gravity center of the rudder blade is changed, and the control characteristic is influenced; (3) the traditional steel rudder blade framework is a steel framework, so that the weight is large, the bending and twisting resistance efficiency is low, and the underwater weight of the steel rudder blade is large, so that more reserved buoyancy is occupied; (4) the traditional steel rudder blade is limited by the weight of the rudder blade, and functional materials such as damping and/or sound absorption and the like cannot be filled in the rudder blade, so that the traditional steel rudder blade has poor damping characteristic and weak vibration damping and damping capacity; meanwhile, due to the influence of the quality of the internal water and the externally attached water, the underwater low-order natural frequency of the traditional steel rudder blade is low, and low-frequency flutter is easy to generate.
From the design point of view, when the composite material skin is adopted to replace the steel skin of the rudder blade, the bending and torsional rigidity of the rudder blade is generally greatly reduced, and the comprehensive characteristics of the rudder blade can be seriously influenced, so that when the composite material rudder blade structure is designed, the bending and torsional rigidity characteristics of the composite material rudder blade structure have enough space which can be improved or designed, namely, the composite material rudder blade structure has the capability of basically keeping the rigidity equivalent to that of the corresponding steel rudder blade, which is the basic condition for developing the design of the high-rigidity composite material rudder blade structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a rudder blade made of a high-rigidity light solid composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a solid core combined material rudder blade of high rigidity light, includes rudder stock district steel frame, combined material skeleton, buoyancy packing core, damping and/or sound absorbing material and combined material covering, rudder stock district steel frame with adopt fixed connection to constitute the whole frame construction of rudder blade between the combined material skeleton, the cladding of the whole frame construction top layer of rudder blade combined material covering forms the watertight structure, buoyancy pack core 6 pack in the whole frame construction of rudder blade with in the space between the combined material covering, damping and/or sound absorbing material pack in around the rudder stock district steel frame rudder stock. The density of the buoyancy filling core material is smaller than that of water, and when the rudder blade is positioned under water, the buoyancy filling core material can provide buoyancy under the condition of effectively supporting the composite material skin. The damping and/or sound absorbing material and the buoyancy filling core material can be adjusted according to the requirements of the overall weight, vibration attenuation or sound target strength of the rudder blade.
In the technical scheme, the rudder blade skin and the framework are made of composite materials, so that the weight of the whole rudder blade structure is effectively reduced; the composite rudder blade adopts a design scheme of a watertight structure, so that the defects that the traditional steel rudder blade is easy to corrode and silt is accumulated in the rudder blade are overcome, the design of the watertight structure has higher requirements on the structural strength and rigidity of the rudder blade, and the core material is filled by buoyancy with density smaller than that of water, so that underwater buoyancy is provided under the condition of effectively supporting the composite skin; the damping sound absorption material can effectively reduce the vibration and the noise of the rudder stock area.
In order to further improve the structural strength of the rudder blade, the high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade further comprises a reinforcing angle material and a composite wing plate, wherein the reinforcing angle material is positioned at the intersection part of the composite material framework, and the composite wing plate is positioned at the edge of the composite material framework.
The composite material skeleton is formed by crossing and combining the expansion rib plates and the chord rib plates, the number of the rib plates can be increased or decreased, the expansion rib plates are kept continuous, the parts crossing the chord rib plates are reinforced by adopting composite material reinforcing angle bars, and the edges of the composite material skeleton are reinforced by adopting composite material wing plates.
The composite material skin can be respectively made of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials, glass fiber reinforced composite materials or carbon-glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite materials according to the design requirements of bending and twisting stiffness of the structure.
Furthermore, the composite material skin adopts a variable thickness design, the carbon glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite material is wholly or locally adopted, the carbon glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite material adopts a carbon glass hybrid layer laying design, the hybrid mode is an interlayer or in-layer hybrid mode, carbon fibers are adopted in the direction with a high rigidity requirement to improve the rigidity, and glass fibers are adopted in other directions to reduce the cost.
The composite material skin can also preferably adopt a partition design and mainly comprises a rudder stock area, a spanwise expansion area and a following edge area, wherein the thickness of the composite material skin in the rudder stock area is the largest, the spanwise expansion area is the second, and the following edge area is the thinnest.
The rudder stock area steel frame and the composite material framework are fixedly connected in a mode that two layers of steel plates extend out of the connecting part of the rudder stock area steel frame, and the composite material framework is inserted between the two layers of steel plates to be fixedly connected.
Further, the shape of the two layers of steel plates extending out of the connecting part of the rudder stock area steel frame is preferably C-shaped or rectangular.
The invention analyzes from the angle of structural design engineering, and in order to realize the purposes of high rigidity and light weight, the invention adopts the following design: on one hand, the composite material framework is adopted to replace a steel framework with low bending resistance efficiency, and the problem of connection between the composite material framework and a steel framework in a rudder stock area is solved; on the other hand, the carbon-glass hybrid variable-thickness composite material skin is adopted, a carbon fiber layer is adopted in the main bearing direction, the skin is thickened in the main bearing area, the bending rigidity of the rudder blade is effectively improved, and the weight of the rudder blade is reduced. In addition, the whole rudder blade is of a watertight structure, so that the problem that the traditional steel rudder blade is easy to corrode is effectively solved; the rudder blade is internally filled with the buoyancy core material, so that buoyancy can be provided under the condition of effectively supporting the composite material skin, and the problem of large underwater weight of the traditional steel rudder blade is effectively solved; damping and/or sound absorption materials are filled around the rudder stock of the rudder blade, and the rudder blade can be subjected to vibration and noise reduction treatment.
The invention is mainly applied to the suspended rudder blade of a water surface or underwater vehicle, and better solves the problems of easy corrosion, heavy underwater weight and poor vibration suppression capability of the traditional steel suspended rudder blade while ensuring that the rudder blade has enough structural strength and rigidity requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of AA in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a steel frame diagram of a rudder stock area in the embodiment 1.
FIG. 4 is a skeletal view of a composite material according to example 1.
FIG. 5 is a steel frame diagram of the rudder stock area in the embodiment 2.
FIG. 6 is a skeletal view of a composite material according to example 2.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the skin.
The rudder stock comprises, by weight, 1-a rudder stock area steel frame, 2-a composite material framework, 3-a reinforcing angle bar, 4-a composite material wing plate, 5-a damping or sound absorption material, 6-a buoyancy filling core material, 7-a composite material skin, 11-a rudder stock, 12-a steel framework, 13-a steel connecting piece, 14-a lightening hole, 15-a rudder stock end blind hole, 21-a spreading rib plate, 22-a chord rib plate, 71-a rudder stock area, 72-a spreading expansion area and 73-a following area.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present embodiment is composed of a rudder stock area steel frame 1, a composite material framework 2, a reinforcing angle bar 3, a composite material wing plate 4, a damping and/or sound absorbing material 5, a buoyancy filling core material 6 and a composite material skin 7.
The rudder stock area steel frame 1 is made of No. 45 high-strength steel, a whole steel end plate is welded at the end part of the rudder stock, and the composite material skin 7 is terminated at the outer edge of the end plate and can be terminated by adopting screw watertight connection or an embedded watertight connection structure; the rudder stock area steel frame 1 consists of a rudder stock 11, a steel framework 12 and steel connecting pieces 13, wherein the number of the steel connecting pieces 13 is 4 in the chord direction and 4 in the span direction; the rudder stock is filled with damping and/or sound absorbing material 5, preferably in this embodiment damping material.
The composite material framework 2 is made of SW220/430LV composite materials and is formed by combining 4 expansion rib plates 21 and 3 chord rib plates 22, the expansion rib plates 21 are sequentially expanded by 1-4 from leading edge to trailing edge, the thicknesses of the expansion rib plates are sequentially 20mm, 20mm and 10mm, the chord rib plates 22 are sequentially chords by 1-3 from rudder stock to rudder, and the thicknesses of the chord rib plates are sequentially 20mm, 20mm and 10 mm. The rib plate 21 is continuous, the rib plate 22 is broken, and the L-shaped reinforcing angle materials 3 are connected at the crossed part to form a whole.
The floating body filling material 6 is made of light foam material.
The composite material wing plate 4 is formed by manually pasting a carbon glass layer inner mixed fiber fabric after the buoyancy core material is filled, and has a rectangular section and a thickness of 8 mm.
The composite material skin 7 can be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials, glass fiber reinforced composite materials or carbon-glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite materials and the like. In order to improve the spanwise rigidity of the rudder blade and reduce the manufacturing cost as much as possible, the best mode is to adopt a hybrid fiber reinforced composite material skin structure. The mixing mode can be different mixing modes such as interlamination or interlamination, the reinforced fiber material can adopt unidirectional fiber or fabric, carbon fiber is adopted in the spreading direction to improve rigidity, and glass fiber is adopted in the chord direction to reduce cost. In this embodiment, the composite skin 7 is made of a carbon-glass hybrid composite material in a layer and is designed to have variable thicknesses, different skin thicknesses are adopted according to the difference of bearing stress characteristics of different parts of the surface layer of the rudder blade, and the skin thickness is divided into different thicknesses according to the position numbers of the spreading rib plates and the chord rib plates: as shown in fig. 7, the area where the number of the spanwise rib plate is less than 3 and the number of the chord rib plate is less than 3 is a rudder stock area, and the thickness of the skin is 20 mm; the number of the spanwise rib plates is less than 3, the number of the chord rib plates is greater than 3, the area is a spanwise expansion area, and the thickness of the skin is 10 mm; the area with the number of the expansion rib plate larger than 3 is a trailing area, and the thickness of the skin is 6 mm.
The composite material skin 7 is in a semi-coating mode, namely the skin is only slightly coated on the rudder surface and the rudder, the skin is not coated on the steel plate of the end surface of the rudder stock, and the skin is connected with the steel plate at the end of the rudder stock in a watertight connection mode.
Example 2:
the structure of example 2 is substantially the same as that of example 1, except that:
as shown in fig. 5, the rudder stock 11 of the rudder stock area steel frame 1 is provided with a blind hole 15 at the end of the rudder stock, a lightening hole 14 is formed on the steel framework 12, light foam materials are filled around the rudder stock 11 and in the blind hole at the end to further lighten the weight of the structure, the number of the steel connecting pieces 13 is 6 in the chord direction and 3 in the span direction, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 6, the composite material frame 2 is formed by cross-combining 3 spreading rib plates 22 and 4 chord rib plates 21, the spreading rib plates 22 are sequentially spreading 1 to spreading 3 from leading edge to trailing edge, the thicknesses of the spreading rib plates are sequentially 20mm, 20mm and 20mm, the chord rib plates 21 are sequentially chords 1 to 4 from rudder stock to rudder, and the thicknesses of the chord rib plates are sequentially 150mm, 15mm and 10 mm.
The composite material wing plate 4 is formed by adopting unidirectional carbon fiber cloth in a vacuum mode, and the section of the composite material wing plate is funnel-shaped.
The composite material skin 7 is partially made of an interlayer carbon glass hybrid composite material, and the layering mode is as follows: the area with the number of the spreading rib plate less than 3 and the number of the chord rib plate less than 4 is a rudder stock area, and the spreading layer is a 10mm unidirectional carbon fiber and 10mm glass fiber fabric; the number of the spreading rib plate is less than 3, the number of the chord rib plate is greater than 4, the spreading area is a spreading direction spreading area, and the spreading layer is a 10mm glass fiber fabric; the area with the number of the spreading rib plate larger than 3 is a trailing area, and the spreading layer is 6mm glass fiber fabric.
The composite skin 7 is fully clad and terminates around the rudder stock where it is sealed.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments and drawings, but is intended to cover various modifications and equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade is characterized in that: fill core (6) and combined material covering (7) including rudder stock district steel frame (1), combined material skeleton (2), damping and/or sound absorbing material (5), buoyancy, rudder stock district steel frame (1) with combined material skeleton (2) adopt fixed connection mode to constitute the whole frame construction of rudder blade, the whole frame construction top layer cladding of rudder blade combined material covering (7) form the watertight structure, buoyancy fill core (6) fill in the whole frame construction of rudder blade with in the space between combined material covering (7), damping and/or sound absorbing material (5) fill in around rudder stock district steel frame (1) rudder stock.
2. The high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade according to claim 1, wherein: still including strengthening angle (3) and combined material pterygoid lamina (4), strengthen angle (3) and be located the intersection position of combined material skeleton (2), combined material pterygoid lamina (4) are located the edge of combined material skeleton (2).
3. The high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the composite material skin (7) adopts a variable thickness design, the carbon glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite material is wholly or locally adopted, and the carbon glass hybrid fiber reinforced composite material adopts a layer laying design in a carbon glass layer or in-layer hybrid mode.
4. The high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the composite material skin (7) is designed in a partition mode and mainly comprises a rudder stock area, a spreading expansion area and a following edge area, wherein the thickness of the skin in the rudder stock area is the largest, the spreading expansion area is the second, and the following edge area is the thinnest.
5. The high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the rudder stock area steel frame (1) and the composite material framework (2) are fixedly connected in a mode that two layers of steel plates extend out of the connecting part of the rudder stock area steel frame (1), and the composite material framework (2) is inserted between the two layers of steel plates to be fixedly connected.
6. The high-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade according to claim 5, wherein: the two layers of steel plates extending out of the connecting part of the rudder stock area steel frame (1) are C-shaped or rectangular.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610018207.0A CN105599889B (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | High-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610018207.0A CN105599889B (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | High-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105599889A CN105599889A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| CN105599889B true CN105599889B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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| CN201610018207.0A Active CN105599889B (en) | 2016-01-12 | 2016-01-12 | High-rigidity light solid composite rudder blade |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106584883B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-06-18 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Underwater lightweight buoyancy offset-type composite material solid core crashworthiness endergonic structure unit |
| CN106548810A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-03-29 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | Carbon fibre composite indication control board operates skeleton |
| EP3409575B1 (en) * | 2017-05-30 | 2022-06-29 | Becker Marine Systems GmbH | Rudder blade with a rudder blade hub and rudder blade hub for a rudder blade |
| EP3489128A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-05-29 | Becker Marine Systems GmbH | Blade of an oar with modular structure, segment for a blade of an oar for a device for improving propulsion and method for producing a blade of an oar |
| CN110509645B (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2022-03-25 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | High positive buoyancy characteristic light high-rigidity releasable functional composite material detachable plate |
| CN110588927B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-02-19 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Light rudder plate system |
| CN110901827A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Ship and accessory structure thereof |
| CN111907087B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-02-01 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Forming assembly tool and manufacturing method for composite unmanned aerial vehicle horizontal tail |
| CN115258122B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-09-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Light high-strength composite alloy solid rudder plate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104114446A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2014-10-22 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Rudder device for marine vessel, and marine vessel provided with same |
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2016
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Patent Citations (5)
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| GB2410458A (en) * | 2004-01-27 | 2005-08-03 | David Irving | A moulded fibre reinforced composite product with a core |
| CN101970215A (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2011-02-09 | 空中客车营运有限公司 | Method for producing an integral fibre composite part |
| CN104114446A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2014-10-22 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Rudder device for marine vessel, and marine vessel provided with same |
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