CN105599620A - Automobile starting power source device based on lithium ion capacitor and automobile starting control method - Google Patents
Automobile starting power source device based on lithium ion capacitor and automobile starting control method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile starting power source device based on a lithium ion capacitor. The automobile starting power source device comprises a control executing module, a one-way direct-current power source, a power module, a microprocessor module and a CAN interface. The control executing module comprises a lithium ion capacitor module, and a first closed loop can be formed by the lithium ion capacitor module, an ignition switch and a starter. The one-way direct-current power source is connected with a secondary battery and the lithium ion capacitor module to be capable of forming a third closed loop, and the secondary battery and a power generator can further form a second closed loop. The power module is used for converting the voltage of the secondary battery to supply power to a circuit board in the whole automobile starting power source device and comprises a power input end connected with the secondary battery and a power output end connected with other power consumption modules in the circuit board. The microprocessor module is used for reading voltage data, current data and temperature data in the control executing module, controlling the one-way direct-current power source and being in communication with the outside. Signals detected by the microprocessor module are transmitted to a whole-automobile controller through the CAN interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile starting supply unit and startup control method thereof based on lithium-ion capacitor, belong to electric motor car energy technical field.
Background technology
In prior art, be mainly the startup power supply using lead-acid accumulator as automobile, but battery but exists the defect that self cannot make up: poor performance at low temperatures, high magnification fan-out capability is on self producing irreversible impact, and self discharge ability is also higher.
Architectural characteristic by battery determines, under low-temperature condition, and the charge acceptance of battery, charge efficiency, capacity all can decline, if electric vehicle load excessive (heavy-current discharge), long-time heavy-current discharge, the actual discharge capacity of battery will become less. This is also dissatisfactory reason during all batteries use in the winter time. The size of internal storage battery DC internal resistance changes along with the variation of environment temperature and environment for use. Particularly, under the low temperature environment below-25 DEG C, the charge acceptance of battery seriously glides, and does not reach its starting resistor even at all; In addition, its discharge capacity will significantly decline along with the reduction of temperature, even may discharge capability useless. When environment temperature is down to below 0 DEG C, 10 DEG C of the every reductions of temperature, internal resistance approximately increases 15% left and right, because sulfuric acid solution viscosity becomes large, thus increase sulfuric acid solution resistance, and having increased the weight of electrode polarization impact, accumulator capacity can obviously reduce.
Under regular service conditions, starter is while running well several times of rated current at the immediate current starting, so cause battery instantaneous voltage to decline to a great extent, and degradation. And battery is longer as start the power supply required time that charges after energy is finished using; And cannot use need to discard time at battery, the environmental pollutions such as heavy metal lead are serious, limited the application of battery.
Meanwhile, month self-discharge rate of battery, up to 30%, therefore, at the long-term not automobile of use, needs every three months to start once, is charge in batteries a period of time. This limits to some extent to the application of battery equally.
In order to improve the performance of automobile starting power supply, start automobile, for example patent CN202429148U by the mode of ultracapacitor multiple-connected battery. Ultracapacitor has the features such as capacity is large, power is high, the life-span is long, low-temperature characteristics is good and pollution-free, can use in parallel with battery. In automobile starting process, utilize the instantaneous high-power for starter power supply of ultracapacitor, make so greatly increase the service life of battery; But the self-discharge rate of ultracapacitor self is very big, substantially within 3 days, will discharge, this has just limited the use of ultracapacitor greatly.
Lithium ion battery, compared with battery, can obviously find that its self-discharge rate is very low, substantially places 1 year, and electric weight also can maintain 80%; The service life cycle of lithium ion battery is far above battery. Therefore, patent CN104037446A directly substitutes battery as automobile starting power supply with lithium ion battery, but does not thoroughly solve yet battery as the existing problem of automobile starting power supply, relates generally to the ability of high-power instantaneous discharge.
In addition, also having another kind of replaced type to start supply unit is to utilize ultracapacitor to replace battery, for example patent CN203827004U, CN202978396U. In this system, the Main Function of battery is for ultracapacitor charging and is the power supply of car internal burden. This system does not still change the drawback that ultracapacitor self discharge seriously causes a large amount of energy losses, before again starting, needs ultracapacitor again to charge.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of new automobile starting supply unit is provided and starts control method, this startup supply unit is based on lithium-ion capacitor, makes this automobile starting supply unit have the advantages such as high voltage hold facility, long service life, freedom from repairs, control be accurate.
Lithium-ion capacitor adopts lithium ion battery and ultracapacitor mixed structure, its anodal positive pole that adopts ultracapacitor, negative pole adopts the negative pole structure of lithium ion battery, has the characteristic of high power density (its power density is much larger than lead-acid accumulator), long-life characteristics and the lithium ion battery high-energy-density of ultracapacitor concurrently. Itself there is very high voltage hold facility, 25 DEG C of placements of normal temperature 3 months, voltage drop≤5%; Safety in operation, the reliability of wide serviceability temperature scope (40 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C). Therefore, lithium-ion capacitor can make up the shortcoming of battery completely, directly substitutes battery as automobile starting power supply.
The premium properties possessing based on lithium-ion capacitor, the present invention proposes the automobile initiating means based on lithium-ion capacitor, and this automobile starting supply unit mainly comprises:
Automobile starting is risen and controls exectorial control Executive Module, and this control Executive Module comprises lithium-ion capacitor module, and this lithium-ion capacitor module can form the first closed-loop path by ignition switch and starter; Also comprise Unidirectional direct-current power supply, this Unidirectional direct-current power supply connecting secondary battery and lithium-ion capacitor module can form the 3rd closed-loop path; Secondary cell also can form the second closed-loop path with generator;
For changing the power module of described secondary cell voltage the circuit board power supply to whole automobile starting supply unit, comprise the power input that is connected with described secondary cell and with power output end that in circuit board, other power consumption modules are connected, be that power module is 5 volts of voltages by 12 volts of voltage transitions of secondary cell, except power module self power consumption is required, be also following microprocessor module, the power supply of CAN interface;
Be used for reading and control Executive Module voltage, current data, according to gained magnitude of voltage, Unidirectional direct-current power supply is controlled treatment system anomalous event the microprocessor module that outside is carried out to communication; This micro controller module is also provided with clock source according to demand, programming port, the mouth that resets, relay indicating light, system power supply, CAN receiving and transmitting signal interface, the control port of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC, voltage, electric current, temperature signal input port, filter capacitor. Being arranged on the temperature signal of temperature sampling module of lithium-ion capacitor module the inside and some other signal also can be transferred to this microprocessor module and process.
The signals such as voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode that microprocessor module is detected pass to the CAN interface of entire car controller.
Further, in described control Executive Module, be respectively arranged with for two voltage detecting mouths of Real-Time Monitoring secondary cell, lithium-ion capacitor module voltage and for conducting or disconnect the control port of Unidirectional direct-current power supply, described voltage detecting mouth, be all connected to microprocessor module the corresponding interface for conducting or the control port that disconnects Unidirectional direct-current power supply.
Further, described secondary cell is any one in battery, lithium ion battery, lithium ion polymer battery, nickel-cadmium cell or Ni-MH battery.
The present invention also discloses the control method of a kind of automobile starting supply unit based on lithium-ion capacitor to automobile starting, and this control method comprises the steps:
(1), receive vehicle activation signal, control the ignition switch closure in Executive Module, connect the first closed-loop path, lithium-ion capacitor module, for starter provides instantaneous high-power electric current, makes it drive internal combustion engine operation, and internal combustion engine rotates rapidly and reaches after ignition point rotating speed, internal combustion engine start completes, enter normal operation, ignition switch disconnects, and the first closed-loop path disconnects;
(2), internal combustion engine enters after normal operation, drives generator operation, generator generating, the second closed-loop path is connected, and generator secondary cell charge, to rated voltage, continues floating charge to engine stops, generator stops generating, and the second closed-loop path disconnects;
(3), microprocessor module is by two voltage detecting mouths, voltage, the electric current of Real-Time Monitoring secondary cell and lithium-ion capacitor module respectively,
When detecting that the voltage of lithium-ion capacitor module can not meet once required voltage conditions of automobile starting, and detect when secondary cell has sufficient voltage to charge to lithium-ion capacitor module, microprocessor module makes Unidirectional direct-current power turn-on connect the 3rd closed-loop path by control port, and the low-voltage direct of secondary cell output converts HVDC to by Unidirectional direct-current power supply and lithium-ion capacitor module charged to its rated voltage or charge to and can at least meet automobile starting required voltage condition one time;
When the voltage that lithium-ion capacitor module detected can at least meet automobile starting required voltage condition one time, and detect that secondary cell has not had energy to continue as lithium-ion capacitor module and charged at least can meet many one-shots automobile required voltage time again, microprocessor module makes Unidirectional direct-current power supply disconnect the 3rd closed-loop path by control port;
Or, when detecting that lithium-ion capacitor module reaches after its rated voltage, and detect when secondary cell still has remaining energy, microprocessor module makes Unidirectional direct-current power supply disconnect the 3rd closed-loop path by control port, lithium-ion capacitor module in the raw, is treated automobile starting next time.
The present invention has given full play to the characteristic of lithium-ion capacitor high power density, low temperature charging and discharging capabilities, long service life cycle and high-energy-density and high voltage hold facility, has made up the shortcoming of battery when as automobile starting power supply.
Use Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC can make secondary cell lithium-ion capacitor module be carried out low pressure and turned the charging of high pressure, effectively increased the service life of secondary cell.
This device adopts secondary cell to power to lithium-ion capacitor, lithium-ion capacitor is directly powered to starter, starter motor drives generator generating, the pattern of generator to secondary cell power supply, can effectively avoid the instantaneous high power discharge of secondary cell, especially the instantaneous powerful electric discharge under cryogenic conditions, relatively low much to the instructions for use of secondary cell.
Because lithium-ion capacitor has high voltage hold facility, therefore needn't worry that some months does not use and causes starting automobile.
Because lithium-ion capacitor has high security and the high stability in wide temperature range, therefore this automobile starting supply unit can be non-maintaining, and needn't be similar to battery again, within 1 year, safeguards once.
Again due to the high power density of lithium-ion capacitor, its value is far above the power density of battery, therefore meeting under identical startup service condition, the required quantity of lithium-ion capacitor significantly reduces, and then makes the weight and volume of automobile starting supply unit have very large saving.
Adopt microprocessor module to carry out Real-Time Monitoring to voltage, electric current and the temperature of secondary cell and lithium-ion capacitor module, ensured the normal operation of whole system, especially ensured the accurate control of tertiary circuit closed and disconnected, avoid causing energy dissipation.
The control system of automobile starting supply unit of the present invention is connected with Full Vehicle System, has ensured the stability of system operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: the circuit theory diagrams of control Executive Module of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the circuit electric power schematic diagram of power module of the present invention;
Fig. 3: the circuit theory diagrams of microcontroller of the present invention;
Fig. 4: the circuit theory diagrams of CAN interface of the present invention.
In Fig. 1: secondary cell BAT12V, Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC, lithium-ion capacitor module LIC, ignition switch S, starter Motor, generator Generator, secondary cell BAT12V voltage detecting port OutAD, the voltage detecting port InterAD of lithium-ion capacitor module LIC, Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC control port E, anode of secondary battery end+, secondary battery cathode is extreme-, lithium-ion capacitor module the first positive terminal S+, lithium-ion capacitor module the second positive terminal B+, lithium-ion capacitor module negative pole end GND.
In Fig. 2: 12V+ is the power input being connected with secondary cell ,+5V is the power output end being connected with circuit board.
In Fig. 3: clock source 1, programming port 2, the mouth 3 that resets, relay indicating light 4, system power supply 5, CAN receiving and transmitting signal interface 6, the control port 7 of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC, signal input 8, filter capacitor 9.
In Fig. 4: TXCAN, RXCAN are the signaling interfaces of voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode in transmitting-receiving microprocessor module, L-CANH, L-CANI are the signaling interfaces toward entire car controller transmitting-receiving voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1：
The present invention mainly comprises control Executive Module, power module, and microprocessor module and CAN interface,
Described control Executive Module as shown in Figure 1, the lithium-ion capacitor module LIC that includes two positive terminals (being respectively the first positive terminal S+, the second positive terminal B+) and a negative terminal GND, this lithium-ion capacitor module LIC can form the first closed-loop path by ignition switch S and starter Motor; Also comprise secondary cell BAT(12V), this secondary cell BAT can form the 3rd closed-loop path by Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC and lithium-ion capacitor module LIC; Described secondary cell BAT also can form the second closed-loop path with generator Generator, and starter Motor is all connected car combustion engine with generator Generator, and this control Executive Module plays control fill order to automobile starting. Control in Executive Module and be also provided with the voltage detecting port OutAD for detection of secondary cell BAT voltage, and for detection of the voltage detecting port InterAD of lithium-ion capacitor module LIC voltage. The negative pole end conducting of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC, positive terminal is controlled its disconnection and closure by control port E.
Described secondary cell is any one in battery, lithium ion battery, lithium ion polymer battery, nickel-cadmium cell or Ni-MH battery.
Described power module as shown in Figure 2,12V port is the power input being connected with secondary cell BAT, the power output end that 5V port is with in circuit board, other power consumption modules are connected, being used for is 5V voltage by the 12V voltage transitions of secondary cell BAT, except power module self power consumption is required, be also following microprocessor module, the power supply of CAN interface.
Described microprocessor module as shown in Figure 3, mainly comprise the signal input 8 of the voltage signal for reading voltage detecting port OutAD/InterAD, for controlling conducting and the closed control port 7 of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC control port E and read signal being sent to the CAN receiving and transmitting signal interface 6 of CAN interface, on microprocessor module as required, also be provided with clock source 1, programming port 2, the mouth 3 that resets, relay indicating light 4, system power supply 5, filter capacitor 9. Microprocessor module also treatment system some anomalous events and communication is carried out in outside.
As shown in Figure 4, the signals such as voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode that microprocessor module is detected pass to the CAN interface of entire car controller to described CAN interface. Comprise: TXCAN, RXCAN are the signaling interfaces of voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode in transmitting-receiving microprocessor module, L-CANH, L-CANI are the signaling interfaces toward entire car controller transmitting-receiving voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode. CAN interface in this startup supply unit effect be that the signals such as voltage, electric current, temperature and system mode that microprocessor module is detected pass to entire car controller.
The control method of automobile starting supply unit based on lithium-ion capacitor of the present invention to automobile starting, comprising:
(1), receive vehicle activation signal, control the ignition switch S closure in Executive Module, lithium-ion capacitor module LIC the first positive terminal S+ forms the first closed-loop path by ignition switch S and starter Motor, and lithium-ion capacitor module LIC, for starter Motor provides instantaneous high-power electric current, makes it drive internal combustion engine operation, internal combustion engine rotates rapidly and reaches after ignition point rotating speed, internal combustion engine start completes, and enters normal operation, now, ignition switch S disconnects, and the first closed-loop path disconnects;
(2), internal combustion engine enters after normal operation, internal-combustion engine drives generator Generator running, generator Generator generating, now generator Generator and secondary cell BAT form the second closed-loop path, to secondary cell, BAT charges, and generator Generator charges to after rated voltage secondary cell BAT, continues floating charge to engine stops, generator Generator stops generating, and the second closed-loop path disconnects;
Above process is monitored in real time by microprocessor module, and makes and send corresponding instruction.
(3), microprocessor module detects the voltage of secondary cell BAT in real time by voltage detecting port OutAD, detect in real time the voltage of lithium-ion capacitor module LIC by voltage detecting port InterAD, reads corresponding signal by signal input 8,
When detecting that the voltage of lithium-ion capacitor module LIC can not meet once required voltage conditions of automobile starting, and detect when secondary cell BAT has sufficient voltage to charge to lithium-ion capacitor module LIC, make the control port E conducting of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC and connect the 3rd closed-loop path by the control port 7 on microprocessor module, the low-voltage direct of secondary cell BAT output converts HVDC to by Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC and lithium-ion capacitor module LIC is charged to its rated voltage or charge to and can at least meet automobile starting required voltage condition one time,
When the voltage that lithium-ion capacitor module LIC detected can at least meet automobile starting required voltage condition one time, and detect that secondary cell BAT has not had energy to continue as lithium-ion capacitor module LIC and charged at least can meet many one-shots automobile required voltage time again, the control port 7 on microprocessor module disconnects the control port E of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC and disconnects the 3rd closed-loop path;
Or, when detecting that lithium-ion capacitor module LIC reaches after its rated voltage, and detect when secondary cell BAT still has remaining energy, control port 7 on microprocessor module disconnects the control port E of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC and disconnects the 3rd closed-loop path, lithium-ion capacitor module LIC in the raw, treats automobile starting next time. (in native system, Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC positive terminal is to control its cut-off/close by control port E, and its negative pole end is conducting. )
Microprocessor module gets from InterAD, two of OutAD and detects after the signals such as mouthful voltage that lithium-ion capacitor module LIC and secondary cell BAT detected, through the signals such as voltage are treated to data signal, is transferred to entire car controller by CAN interface. Microprocessor module is transferred to through clock source 1, programming port 2, the mouth 3 that resets etc. data signal the control port E of Unidirectional direct-current power supply DC/DC by signal after treatment.
Claims (4)
1. the automobile starting supply unit based on lithium-ion capacitor, is characterized in that this automobile starting supply unit mainly comprises:
Automobile starting is risen and controls exectorial control Executive Module, and this control Executive Module comprises lithium-ion capacitor module, and this lithium-ion capacitor module can form the first closed-loop path by ignition switch and starter; Also comprise Unidirectional direct-current power supply, this Unidirectional direct-current power supply connecting secondary battery and lithium-ion capacitor module can form the 3rd closed-loop path; Secondary cell also can form the second closed-loop path with generator;
For change the power module of described secondary cell voltage the circuit board power supply to whole automobile starting supply unit, comprise the power input that is connected with described secondary cell and with power output end that in circuit board, other power consumption modules are connected;
Be used for reading and control Executive Module voltage, current data, Unidirectional direct-current power supply is controlled to treatment system anomalous event the microprocessor module that outside is carried out to communication;
The signal that microprocessor module is detected passes to the CAN interface of entire car controller.
2. the automobile starting supply unit based on lithium-ion capacitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described control Executive Module, be respectively arranged with for two voltage detecting mouths of Real-Time Monitoring secondary cell, lithium-ion capacitor module voltage and for conducting or disconnect the control port of Unidirectional direct-current power supply, described voltage detecting mouth, be all connected to microprocessor module the corresponding interface for conducting or the control port that disconnects Unidirectional direct-current power supply.
3. the automobile starting supply unit based on lithium-ion capacitor according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described secondary cell is any one in battery, lithium ion battery, lithium ion polymer battery, nickel-cadmium cell or Ni-MH battery.
4. the control method to automobile starting according to the automobile starting supply unit based on lithium-ion capacitor described in claim 1-3 any one claim, is characterized in that this control method comprises:
(1), receive vehicle activation signal, control the ignition switch closure in Executive Module, connect the first closed-loop path, lithium-ion capacitor module, for starter provides instantaneous high-power electric current, makes it drive internal combustion engine operation, and internal combustion engine rotates rapidly and reaches after ignition point rotating speed, internal combustion engine start completes, enter normal operation, ignition switch disconnects, and the first closed-loop path disconnects;
(2), internal combustion engine enters after normal operation, drives generator operation, generator generating, the second closed-loop path is connected, and generator to rated voltage, continues floating charge to engine stops to secondary cell charge, generator stops generating, and the second closed-loop path disconnects;
(3), microprocessor module is by two voltage detecting mouths, the voltage of Real-Time Monitoring secondary cell and lithium-ion capacitor module respectively,
When detecting that the voltage of lithium-ion capacitor module can not meet once required voltage conditions of automobile starting, and detect when secondary cell has sufficient voltage to charge to lithium-ion capacitor module, microprocessor module makes Unidirectional direct-current power turn-on connect the 3rd closed-loop path by control port, and the low-voltage direct of secondary cell output converts HVDC to by Unidirectional direct-current power supply and lithium-ion capacitor module charged to its rated voltage or charge to and can at least meet automobile starting required voltage condition one time;
When the voltage that lithium-ion capacitor module detected can at least meet automobile starting required voltage condition one time, and detect that secondary cell has not had energy to continue as lithium-ion capacitor module and charged at least can meet many one-shots automobile required voltage time again, microprocessor module makes Unidirectional direct-current power supply disconnect the 3rd closed-loop path by control port;
Or, when detecting that lithium-ion capacitor module reaches after its rated voltage, and detect when secondary cell still has remaining energy, microprocessor module makes Unidirectional direct-current power supply disconnect the 3rd closed-loop path by control port, lithium-ion capacitor module in the raw, is treated automobile starting next time.
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| CN201510834501.4A CN105599620B (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | A kind of automobile starting supply unit and its startup control method based on lithium-ion capacitor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106981705A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-07-25 | 上海展枭新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of car emergency startup power supply device |
| WO2017181921A1 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-26 | 洛阳尹太科智能科技有限公司 | Transient dynamic power compensator, combined-type super battery, and method for compensating power supply |
| CN109733305A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 奇瑞新能源汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of automobile power supply system |
| CN113669184A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-19 | 青岛大黄蜂新能源科技有限公司 | Starting method and assembly process based on lithium ion battery |
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| CN105599620B (en) | 2018-01-02 |
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