CN105596554A - 提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳2-4份，冬虫夏草4-12份，珍珠5-12份，雪莲9-18份，黄芪6-15份，红枣3-9份，杏仁4-6份，党参3-9份，春不见2-6份(优选的，3-5份)，绿茶0.3-1.0份，马齿笕3.5-8份。本发明药剂基于中医中药治疗的原理，是在研究了大量文献、药理工作和临床试验的基础上制成的，效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医中药领域，特别是涉及提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
肿瘤，尤其是恶性肿瘤严重影响人的生命和健康，对于恶性肿瘤，一般采用手术治疗、放射性治疗和化学药物治疗。放射治疗，是用各种不同能量的射线照射肿瘤，以抑制和杀灭癌细胞的一种治疗方法。化疗，是用化学物质来治疗恶性肿瘤，化疗药物以全身给药，会攻击身体的所有细胞，而不仅仅是癌细胞。一些化疗药物被单独用于治疗癌症，但往往是几种药物联合治疗。
肿瘤放射治疗是利用放射线治疗肿瘤的一种局部治疗方法，放射线包括放射性同位素产生的α、β、γ射线和各类x射线治疗机或加速器产生的x射线、电子线、质子束及其他粒子束等。大约70％的癌症患者在治疗癌症的过程中需要用放射治疗，约有40％的癌症可以用放疗根治。放射治疗在肿瘤治疗中的作用和地位日益突出，已成为治疗恶性肿瘤的主要手段之一。放射疗法虽仅有几十年的历史，但发展较快。在CT影像技术和计算机技术发展帮助下，现在的放疗技术由二维放疗发展到三维放疗、四维放疗技术，放疗剂量分配也由点剂量发展到体积剂量分配，及体积剂量分配中的剂量调强。现在的放疗技术主流包括立体定向放射治疗(SRT)和立体定向放射外科(SRS)。立体定向放射治疗(SRT)包括三维适形放疗(3DCRT)、三维适形调强放疗(IMRT)；立体定向放射外科(SRS)包括X刀(X-knife)、伽玛刀(Y刀)和射波刀(CyberKnife)，X刀、伽玛刀和射波刀等设备均属于立体定向放射治疗的范畴，其特征是三维、小野、集束、分次、大剂量照射，它要求定位的精度更高和靶区之外剂量衰减的更快。放射治疗的疗效取决于放射敏感性，不同组织器官以及各种肿瘤组织在受到照射后出现变化的反应程度各不相同。放射敏感性与肿瘤细胞的增殖周期和病理分级有关，即增殖活跃的细胞比不增殖的细胞敏感，细胞分化程度越高放射敏感性越低，反之愈高。此外，肿瘤细胞的氧含量直接影响放射敏感性，例如早期肿瘤体积小，血运好，乏氧细胞少时疗效好，晚期肿瘤体积大，瘤内血运差，甚至中心有坏死，则放射敏感性低；生长在局部的鳞癌，较在臀部和四肢的肿瘤血运好，敏感性高；肿瘤局部合并感染，血运差(乏氧细胞多)，放射敏感性下降。因此，保持照射部位清洁，预防感染、坏死，是提高放疗敏感性的重要条件。
恶性肿瘤属于中医“积”、“虚劳”的范畴，存在着正虚邪实的表现。并且由于病程的绵延，会导致“久病及肾”的现象。在接受放、化疗之后，其正虚症候更加明显，因元气进一步受损可致：精神萎靡、全身乏力、五心烦热、少言懒语等。伤于胃则恶心纳呆，伤于肾则头晕耳鸣，齿落发脱，腰酸足软，伤于心则心悸气短。因此，减轻放、化疗的毒副作用，提高患者的免疫力，使患者可以更好的接受治疗，具有很重要的意义。
中医药在改善这些反应、提高患者的免疫力方面有明显的优势，但是真正开发成的新药并不是很多。本发明口服制剂是在查阅了大量的中医文献资料和大量临床试验的基础上，针对放、化疗产生的毒副反应以及降低患者免疫力的主要中医病机，在治疗由放、化疗长生的毒副反应的同时，还能提高患者的免疫力，增强患者的体质，使患者能够更好的接受治疗，避免产生因放、化疗的副反应而停止治疗的现象。
申请公布号为CN103272116A(申请号201310197270.1)的中国专利文献公开了一种名为“用于放疗期间调整身体免疫力的药物”，该药物是由黄芪40～60、当归5～15、麦冬10～30、西洋参1～3、山茱萸5～15、枸杞子5～15、玄参5～15、菊花5-10、红花5～10、猴菇菌30～60、藤梨根30～60、黑芝10-15、菟丝子15～25、补骨脂5～15、黄芪15～25、墨旱莲15～25、炒白术15～25、山药15～25组成。申请公布号为CN101926429A(申请号201010239490.2)的中国专利文献公开了一种名为“可增强化疗期间免疫力的营养液及制备方法”，该营养液由固形物含量为均为2％-20％的鲍鱼多糖和岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的混合溶液，按照鲍鱼多糖5-50mg/100ml，岩藻聚糖硫酸酯100-1000mg/100ml的配比混合，并在混合溶液中加入陈皮煮沸制成的。申请公布号为CN102327390A(申请号201110314905.2)的中国专利文献公开了一种名为“一种防治化疗毒副反应的中药组方及其丸剂的制备方法”，其由阿胶、人参、肉桂、核桃粉、熟地黄、杜仲、白术、黄芪、当归、白芍、菟丝子、枸杞子、当归、陈皮、灵芝、肉苁蓉、鹿茸、麝香、钟乳石、巴戟天、附子、海参、甘草、鹿角胶、黄酒按照一定的重量配比组成。
总之，中医药在治疗放、化疗副反应方面取得了一定的成效，但也存在一些问题：临床上对提高患者的免疫力方面的治疗效果还不够理想；一些配方药材众多，且药材成本较高，不适宜大多数人服用，因此需要进一步完善。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的之一是提供一种制备简单、服用方便、便于携带的提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，该制剂疗效显著且无副作用，本发明的另一目的就是提供上述口服制剂的制备方法。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳2-4份，冬虫夏草4-12份，珍珠5-12份，雪莲9-18份，黄芪6-15份，红枣3-9份，杏仁4-6份，党参3-9份，春不见2-6份(优选的，3-5份)，绿茶0.3-1.0份，马齿笕3.5-8份。
一种提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，优选的方案为，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳2.5-3.5份，冬虫夏草7-9份，珍珠7-10份，雪莲12-15份，黄芪9-12份，红枣5-7份，杏仁4.5-5.5份，党参5-7份，春不见2.5-5.5份，绿茶0.5-0.8份，马齿笕5-7份。
一种提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，更加优选的方案为，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳3份，冬虫夏草8份，珍珠8份，雪莲13份，黄芪10份，红枣6份，杏仁5份，党参6份，春不见4份，绿茶0.6份，马齿笕6份。
所述提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法是：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡20-28分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过140-160目筛(优选145-155目筛，更加优选150目筛)；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过200-240目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过120-140目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡25-35分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡40-80分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的4-8倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮28-36分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌6-12分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
上述口服制剂的制备方法，步骤(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡22-26分钟(优选的，将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡24分钟)。
上述口服制剂的制备方法，步骤(3)按压取汁过210-230目过滤网待用(优选的，按压取汁过220目过滤网待用)。
上述口服制剂的制备方法，步骤(4)细末过125-135目筛(优选的，细末过130目筛)。
上述口服制剂的制备方法，步骤(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡28-33分钟(优选的，将绿茶用醋完全浸泡30分钟)。
上述口服制剂的制备方法，步骤(5)加凉开水浸泡50-70分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的5-7倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮30-34分钟(优选的，加凉开水浸泡60分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的6倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮32分钟)。
上述口服制剂的制备方法，步骤(6)一边煎煮一边搅拌8-10分钟(优选的，一边煎煮一边搅拌10分钟)。
本发明所用主要中药原料的药理如下：
银耳：银耳味甘、淡、性平、无毒，既有补脾开胃的功效，又有益气清肠、滋阴润肺的作用。既能增强人体免疫力，又可增强肿瘤患者对放、化疗的耐受力。银耳富有天然植物性胶质，外加其具有滋阴的作用，是可以长期服用的良好润肤食品。银耳具有强精、补肾、润肠、益胃、补气、和血、强心、壮身、补脑、提神、美容、嫩肤、延年益寿之功效。它能提高肝脏解毒能力，保护肝脏功能，它不但能增强机体抗肿瘤的免疫能力，还能增强肿瘤患者对放疗、化疗的耐受力。可以滋补生津；润肺养胃，补肺益气。虚劳咳嗽；痰中带血；津少口渴；病后体虚；气短乏力。
珍珠：中医认为，珍珠粉具有平肝潜阳、清肝明目、延年益寿、宁心安神、美容养颜的功效。我曾经看过一个报道，说我国某个医科大学曾经观察过一百多名服用珍珠粉的老人，发现珍珠粉对缓解失眠、心烦、记忆力衰退等都有一定的作用。当然，更重要的是它的驻颜效果。镇心安神，养阴熄风，清热坠痰，去翳明目，解毒生肌。治惊悸，怔忡，癫痫，惊风搐搦，烦热消渴，喉痹口疳，目生翳障，疮疡久不收口。
冬虫夏草：其营养成分高于人参，可入药，也可食用，是上乘的佳肴，具有很高的营养价值。冬虫夏草可以增强机体的免疫力，滋补肺肾，对肺癌、肝癌等有明显的抑制作用。在临床上对肺虚久咳，气喘，肺结核咯血，盗汗，肾虚腰膝酸痛，阳痿遗精，神经衰弱及化疗、放疗后的红细胞下降都有疗效。
雪莲：天山雪莲花生物碱对L7712癌细胞DNA合成的ID50为51.7g/ml。总生物碱80g/ml对DNA、RNA和蛋白质都有显着的抑制作用。24小时作用的抑制率均在80％以上。对RNA合成的抑制方式可能是模板损伤型。具有除寒痰，壮阳补血，暖宫散瘀，治月经不调等功效。另外，天山雪莲对治疗肾虚腰痛，祛风湿，通经活血等症有明显效果。
黄芪：黄芪性甘温，归肺经，有补气升阳、益卫固表之功能。经常用黄芪配伍琼珍灵芝煎汤或泡水代茶饮，具有良好的防病保健作用。现代医学研究表明，黄芪有增强机体免疫功能、保肝、利尿、抗衰老、抗应激、降压和较广泛的抗菌作用。黄芪不仅能扩张冠状动脉，改善心肌供血，提高免疫功能，而且能够延缓细胞衰老的进程。
红枣：红枣能够养血安神、滋补脾胃，如果年老体弱的人群经常食用红枣的话，能够增强体质、延缓衰老；如果是上班族食用红枣的话，能够增加食欲，缓解紧张的情绪；如果晚上泡一杯红枣茶的话，可以有效的治疗失眠。大枣性温，味甘，具有益气补血、健脾和胃、祛风的功效，对治疗过敏性紫癜、贫血、高血压、急慢性肝炎和肝硬化患者的血清转氨酶增高以及预防输血反应等均有理想的效果；大枣含有三萜类化合物及环磷酸腺苷，有较强的抑癌、抗过敏作用；枣中含有抗疲劳作用的物质，能增强人的耐力；枣还具有减轻毒性物质对肝脏损害的功效；枣中的黄酮类化合物，有镇静降血压的作用。
杏仁：杏仁还含有丰富的黄酮类和多酚类成分，这种成分不但能够降低人体内胆固醇的含量，还能显著降低心脏病和很多慢性病的发病危险。杏仁还有美容功效，能促进皮肤微循环，使皮肤红润光泽。杏仁还有抗肿瘤作用，杏仁抗肿瘤作用主要是由于苦杏仁中含有一种生物活性物质--苦杏仁苷，可以进入血液专杀癌细胞，而对健康细胞没有作用，因此可以改善晚期癌症病人的症状，延长病人生存期。同时，由于含有丰富的胡萝卜素，因此可以抗氧化，防止自由基侵袭细胞，具有预防肿瘤的作用。
党参：有特殊香气，味微甜。生党参片益气生津力胜。常用于气津两伤或气血两亏。党参味甘，性平。有补中益气、止渴、健脾益肺，养血生津。用于脾肺气虚，食少倦怠，咳嗽虚喘，气血不足，面色萎黄，心悸气短，津伤口渴，内热消渴。[1]懒言短气、四肢无力、食欲不佳、气虚、气津两虚、气血双亏以及血虚萎黄等症。但表证未解而中满邪实的不能用。该品功效与人参相似，惟药力薄弱。治一般虚证，可代替人参服用；虚脱重证，则仍用人参为宜。秋季采挖，洗净，晒干。
春不见：清热解毒；平肝散结；祛风定惊。主肺痈；蛇咬伤；目赤；瘰疬；咳嗽；蛇毒；小儿急惊风；风湿痹痛；跌打损伤。
绿茶：绿茶可以帮助胃肠消化、促进食欲，可利尿、消除水肿，并强壮心脏功能。绿茶中“富含的黄酮类化合物能消除自由基，具有抗酸化作用，降低心肌梗塞的发病率。绿茶是未经发酵制成的茶，保留了鲜叶的天然物质，含有的茶多酚、儿茶素、叶绿素、咖啡碱、氨基酸、维生素等营养成分也较多。绿茶中的这些天然营养成份对防衰老、防癌、抗癌、杀菌、消炎等具有特殊效果。
马齿笕：性味：性寒，味甘酸。归经：入心经、肝经、脾经、大肠经。功能：清热解毒、凉血止血。主治：热毒泻痢、热淋、尿闭、赤白带下、崩漏、痔血、疮疡痈疖、丹毒、瘰疬、湿癣、白秃、痢疾(大便半干半稀)、热毒血痢、痈肿疔疮、湿疹、蛇虫咬伤、便血、崩漏下血、现代大多用于治疗肠炎、急性关节炎、膀胱炎、尿道炎、肛门炎、痔疮出血等。具有清热解毒，止血通淋等功效。主治急性、亚急性皮炎和肠炎、细菌性痢疾、疗疮肿毒、虫蛀咬伤、湿疹、阑尾炎、钩虫病、带状孢疹及功能性子宫出血。
本发明的技术优势主要体现在：
1.本发明药剂基于中医中药治疗的原理，是在研究了大量文献、药理工作和临床试验的基础上制成的，效果显著。
2.本药剂所选材料均为传统中药材，无副作用。
3.药材药源易得，成本低廉，不会给患者带来大的经济负担。
具体实施方式
实施例1提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取20g)：银耳2份，冬虫夏草4份，珍珠5份，雪莲9份，黄芪6份，红枣3份，杏仁4份，党参3份，春不见2份，绿茶0.3份，马齿笕3.5份。
上述提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法为：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡20-28分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过140目筛；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过200目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过120目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡25分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡40分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的4倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮28分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌6分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
典型病例一：王XX，女，48岁，山东省济南人，患者去年4月份绝经，绝经后左乳外上象限发现一质硬无痛性肿块，直径约2.1厘米，轻微活动，有刺痛感，当时以为是绝经后的正常现象，过了一段时间，肿块渐大、渐硬，出现乳头内陷并固定，左乳皮肤红、肿、热、痛，左乳头可挤出少量褐色液体，左腋下肿大淋巴结融合成团，约4×3×3厘米大小，质硬、界欠清、固定、无压痛，去医院检查，确诊为乳腺癌，家人非常的着急，也非常的担心，怕痊愈不了，也怕手术后再复发，来我院就诊，我院医生给其做了手术，术后患者一直免疫力低下，时常的感冒，怕冷怕热，而且一感冒就会高烧不止，不愿意吃饭，医生给其开了本发明口服制剂。
服用实施例1所得提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，15天后，患者感觉睡眠质量提高，饭量大增，没有感冒，继续服用20天，自感不适症状消失，而且术后愈合的非常的好，患者一直服用实施例1所得口服制剂，情况非常的好。
实施例2：提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取20g)：银耳4份，冬虫夏草12份，珍珠12份，雪莲18份，黄芪15份，红枣9份，杏仁6份，党参9份，春不见6份，绿茶1.0份，马齿笕8份。
上述提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法为：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡28分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过160目筛；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过240目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过140目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡35分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡80分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的8倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮36分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌12分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
实施例3：提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取30g)：银耳2.5份，冬虫夏草7份，珍珠7份，雪莲12份，黄芪9份，红枣5份，杏仁4.5份，党参5份，春不见3份，绿茶0.5份，马齿笕5份。
所述提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法是：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡22分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过145目筛；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过210目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过125目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡28分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡50分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的5倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮30分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌8分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
实施例4：提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取30g)：银耳3.5份，冬虫夏草9份，珍珠10份，雪莲15份，黄芪12份，红枣7份，杏仁5.5份，党参7份，春不见5份，绿茶0.8份，马齿笕7份。
所述提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法是：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡26分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过155目筛；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过230目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过130目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡33分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡70分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的7倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮34分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌10分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
典型病例二：孙XX，女，28岁，山东省济南市长清人，一年前左乳外上象限发现一质硬无痛性肿块，直径约2.0厘米，轻微活动，当时以为刚给孩子戒奶，可能是有奶还没有回收，过了半月，肿块渐大、渐硬，半年前出现乳头内陷并固定，出现左乳皮肤红、肿、热、痛，左乳头可挤出少量褐色液体，左腋下肿大淋巴结融合成团，约4×3×3厘米大小，质硬、界欠清、固定、无压痛，去医院检查，确诊为乳腺癌，家人非常的着急，也非常的担心，怕痊愈不了，也怕手术后再复发，来我院就诊，我院医生给其做了手术，术后患者一直免疫力低下，时常的感冒，怕冷怕热，而且一感冒就会高烧不止，不愿意吃饭，医生给其开了本发明口服制剂。
服用实施例4所得提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂粉剂，10天后，患者感觉睡眠，吃饭都非常的规律，感觉全身有力气，继续服用10天，自感不适症状消失，而且术后愈合的非常的好，患者一直服用实施例4所得口服制剂，情况非常的好。
实施例5：提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成(每份取30g)：银耳3份，冬虫夏草8份，珍珠8份，雪莲13份，黄芪10份，红枣6份，杏仁5份，党参6份，春不见4份，绿茶0.6份，马齿笕6份。
所述提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法是：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡24分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过150目筛；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过220目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过130目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡30分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡60分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的6倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮32分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌9分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
试验例：实施例3所得提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂胶囊的临床应用：2010年8月-2012年2月，筛选了200例患者，试验之前1周，对该人群进行连续观察，记录症状及变化，随机分为两组，实验组及对照组，实验组服用实施例5所得提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂胶囊，对照组服用其它药品(如鸦胆子油口服乳液、复生康胶囊等常规治疗恶性肿瘤、提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的药物)。
服用方法：每次取稠膏5g，加入60-80℃的水，冲开服用，10天一个疗程。
疗效情况判定标准：治愈：服用本品后，不适症状完全消失；有效：服用本品后，不适症状减轻或部分消失；无效：服用本品后，不适症状无变化或后期复发。其中，总有效率包括治愈率和有效率。结果如表1所示。
表1
治疗效果：从表1可以看出，服用本发明提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂胶囊的治愈率高达81％，总有效率98％，无效率仅为2％；而服用其他治疗乳腺癌的药物的治愈率仅34％，总有效率86％，无效率高达14％，服用其他治疗乳腺癌的药物的总有效率相对也不低，但治愈率却较低并且无效率较高。
Claims (10)
1.一种提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，其特征在于：取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳2-4份，冬虫夏草4-12份，珍珠5-12份，雪莲9-18份，黄芪6-15份，红枣3-9份，杏仁4-6份，党参3-9份，春不见2-6份(优选的，3-5份)，绿茶0.3-1.0份，马齿笕3.5-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，其特征在于：取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳2.5-3.5份，冬虫夏草7-9份，珍珠7-10份，雪莲12-15份，黄芪9-12份，红枣5-7份，杏仁4.5-5.5份，党参5-7份，春不见2.5-5.5份，绿茶0.5-0.8份，马齿笕5-7份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂，其特征在于：取下述重量配比的主要原料制备而成：银耳3份，冬虫夏草8份，珍珠8份，雪莲13份，黄芪10份，红枣6份，杏仁5份，党参6份，春不见4份，绿茶0.6份，马齿笕6份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的提高肿瘤患者放疗后免疫功能的口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤如下：
(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡20-28分钟，用打粉的机器打磨成细末过140-160目筛(优选145-155目筛，更加优选150目筛)；
(2)将冬虫夏草研磨成细末待用；
(3)将新鲜的马齿笕切成黄豆粒大小的块，置于纱布内，按压取汁过200-240目过滤网待用；
(4)将银耳、雪莲、黄芪、红枣、杏仁、党参和春不见共研为细末，过120-140目筛；
(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡25-35分钟，取出晾干，醋制绿茶置于砂锅内，加凉开水浸泡40-80分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的4-8倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮28-36分钟，过滤，滤液待用；
(6)将步骤(1)、(2)和(4)所得细末混匀，置于步骤(5)所得滤液中，一边煎煮一边搅拌6-12分钟后放入步骤(3)所得马齿笕汁，搅拌均匀，放凉，分装即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(1)将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡22-26分钟(优选的，将珍珠用淡盐水浸泡24分钟)。
6.根据权利要求4所述口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)按压取汁过210-230目过滤网待用(优选的，按压取汁过220目过滤网待用)。
7.根据权利要求4所述口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(4)细末过125-135目筛(优选的，细末过130目筛)。
8.根据权利要求4所述口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(5)将绿茶用醋完全浸泡28-33分钟(优选的，将绿茶用醋完全浸泡30分钟)。
9.根据权利要求4所述口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(5)加凉开水浸泡50-70分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的5-7倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮30-34分钟(优选的，加凉开水浸泡60分钟，用水量为醋制绿茶重量的6倍，大火煮沸，转文火煎煮32分钟)。
10.根据权利要求4所述口服制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(6)一边煎煮一边搅拌8-10分钟(优选的，一边煎煮一边搅拌10分钟)。
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