CN105593610B - Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine - Google Patents
Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105593610B CN105593610B CN201480053999.4A CN201480053999A CN105593610B CN 105593610 B CN105593610 B CN 105593610B CN 201480053999 A CN201480053999 A CN 201480053999A CN 105593610 B CN105593610 B CN 105593610B
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- refrigerant
- side compression
- machine
- compression machine
- heat
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 337
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 337
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 238
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000406668 Loxodonta cyclotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/001—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems in which the air treatment in the central station takes place by means of a heat-pump or by means of a reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
- F24H4/04—Storage heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2105—Oil temperatures
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of two-stage compression formula heat pump of the amount for the refrigerating machine oil for easily equably keeping two compressors.The heat pump of the present invention possesses：Compression mechanism (10), possesses rudimentary side compression machine (10a) and senior side compression machine (10b), compresses and the refrigerant that spues；Water refrigerant heat exchanger (11), makes the refrigerant compressed by compression mechanism (10) carry out heat exchange with heat exchange object；Expansion valve (12), makes the refrigerant puffing flowed out from water refrigerant heat exchanger (11)；Heat source side air heat exchanger (13), makes the refrigerant of puffing in expansion valve (12) carry out heat exchange with heat exchange object；Equal oil machine structure (20), links rudimentary side compression machine (10a) and senior side compression machine (10b), refrigerating machine oil is circulated；And four-way switching valve (14), carry out selective switching between the one stage of compression path of any one in making refrigerant flow successively through the two-stage compression path of rudimentary side compression machine (10a) and senior side compression machine (10b) and flowing only through rudimentary side compression machine (10a) and senior side compression machine (10b).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat pump for the two-stage compression formula for being connected in series with two independent compressors.
Background technology
The heat pump of hot-water supply system is carried out for the purpose of energy-conservation.
It is used as its refrigerant system, it is known to which following two-stage compression kind of refrigeration cycle, it, which possesses, is connected in series with rudimentary side pressure
The refrigerant loop of contracting machine and senior side compression machine, using the refrigerant loop make refrigerant circulation (for example, patent document 1~
3)。
Conventional art document
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 5-93552 publications
Patent document 2：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 6-2966 publications
Patent document 3：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-168330 publications
The summary of invention
The invention technical task to be solved
In order that two-stage compression kind of refrigeration cycle is run in the state of efficiency is good, it is necessary to make rudimentary side and height all the time
Two compressors of level side are run with independent rotating speed respectively.Therefore, as maximum problem it is two compressions of control
The oil level of refrigerating machine oil contained respectively in machine.Two with being equipped with rudimentary side and senior side in the inside of 1 housing
The compressor of compression mechanism is different, when two independent compressors of attached in series, in order that two compressors are firmly run,
Need that the amount of refrigerating machine oil is remained to appropriate, impartial level between two compressors.
The present invention is completed based on the technical task, a kind of without out of service or answered its object is to provide
The secondary compression heat pump system of the amount for the refrigerating machine oil that miscellaneous operation operates and easily equably keeps two compressors.In addition,
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficient heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine for possessing the two-stage compression formula heat pump.
Means for solving technical task
The present invention completed based on this purpose is divided into the first invention and the second invention.
First, the involved heat pump of the first invention, it possesses：Compression mechanism, possesses rudimentary side compression machine and senior
Side compression machine, compresses and the refrigerant that spues；Oil eliminator, is arranged at the exhaust end of senior side compression machine；1st heat exchanger, makes
The refrigerant compressed by compression mechanism carries out heat exchange with heat exchange object；Expansion valve, makes the refrigeration flowed out from the 1st heat exchanger
Agent puffing；2nd heat exchanger, makes the refrigerant of puffing in expansion valve carry out heat exchange with heat exchange object；
Oil circuit footpath, links rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine, makes refrigerating machine oil in rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine
Between circulate；Main return pipe arrangement, links between oil eliminator and the suction side of senior side compression machine；Oil return path, links master and returns
Return pipe arrangement and equal oil circuit footpath；Oil return open and close valve, is arranged at oil return path；And refrigerant path switching mechanism, make refrigerant
Flow successively through the two-stage compression path of rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine and flow only through rudimentary side compression machine and senior side
Selective switching is carried out between the one stage of compression path of any one in compressor.
If for example, the hot-warer supplying machine of imagination setting heat-pump-type, enters water refrigeration because the high-pressure of equipment is depended on
The temperature (for example, 35~75 DEG C scope) of water in agent heat exchanger (water-refrigerant heat exchanger) is determined, therefore pressure
The suction side of contracting machine and the pressure differential of exhaust end may significantly change because of water temperature.If in entering for water-refrigerant heat exchanger
Two-stage compression operation is carried out in the state of saliva temperature is relatively low, then the differential pressure between rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine becomes
It is small.According to the differential pressure of the compressor chamber, it is determined that the amount of the refrigerating machine oil returned.Therefore, in the present invention, two-stage compression is carried out
During operation, if the differential pressure reduction between rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine, is switched to one stage of compression operation.
In the heat pump of first invention, if when in the state for having selected for two-stage compression path, meeting following
Any one in condition (1)~condition (3), then the path of refrigerant is switched to one stage of compression path.
Condition (1)：TW≤TR
TW：When the heat exchange object of the 1st heat exchanger is water, into water refrigerant heat exchanger (hydrothermal exchange)
The temperature of water, TR：Setting
Condition (2)：(PHO-PLI)≤ΔPR1
PLI：The suction pressure of rudimentary side compression machine, PHO：The discharge pressure of senior side compression machine, setting：ΔPR1
Condition (3)：(PLO-PLI)≤ΔPR2
PLI：The suction pressure of rudimentary side compression machine, PLO：The discharge pressure of rudimentary side compression machine, setting：ΔPR2
Also, in the heat pump of the first invention, if selection one stage of compression path, refrigerant path switching mechanism can
By opening oil return open and close valve, make the refrigerating machine oil from oil eliminator not via senior side compression machine via oil return path
Return to equal oil circuit footpath.
It is respective in rudimentary side compression machine, senior side compression machine by the oil return path for setting above structure, equal oil circuit footpath
When the amount of refrigerating machine oil is not enough, it can easily recover oil mass.
In the heat pump of first invention, the amount of the refrigerating machine oil of the prediction preferably in rudimentary side compression machine and senior
The amount of the refrigerating machine oil of prediction in side compression machine controls the opening and closing of oil return open and close valve.
Two compressors that pressure sensor, the sensing result of temperature sensor according to being possessed by heat pump are obtained
Respective oil mass, can control refrigerating machine oil appropriate at the time of.
1st heat exchanger of heat pump described above is carried out as making refrigerant and water carry out heat exchange to water
The heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine of water-refrigerant heat exchanger of heating is due to the refrigeration machine of rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine
Measuring for oil ensures, therefore, it is possible to stably realize efficient hot water supply.
Secondly, the heat pump of the second invention possesses：Compression mechanism, possesses rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine,
Compress and the refrigerant that spues；1st heat exchanger, the refrigerant compressed by compression mechanism carries out heat exchange with heat exchange object；It is swollen
Swollen valve, makes the refrigerant puffing flowed out from the 1st heat exchanger；2nd heat exchanger, the system of puffing in expansion valve
Cryogen carries out heat exchange with heat exchange object；Oil pipe arrangement, links rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine, makes refrigerating machine oil
Circulated between rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine；Equal fuel tap, the oily pipe arrangement of opening and closing；And control device, control oil
The on-off action of valve.
If the control device of the present invention is judged as that refrigerant flows through oily pipe arrangement, it indicates that close the equal fuel tap that open.
In the heat pump of second invention, control device can be according to the detection temperature T in equal oily pipe arrangement0With making refrigerant
Detection temperature T in the refrigerant piping flowed from rudimentary side compression machine towards senior side compression machine1And in senior side compression machine
Detection temperature T2In one or two relatively judge whether refrigerant flows through oily pipe arrangement.
In the heat pump of second invention, preferably when carrying out unstable operation, even if the condition of opening is various, control dress
Putting can also indicate to continue to close equal fuel tap.
Also, in the heat pump of the second invention, preferably when the rotating speed of senior side compression machine is less than prespecified value,
No matter whether refrigerant flows through determining how for equal oily pipe arrangement, and control device can all indicate that equal fuel tap is alternately repeated by certain time
Opening and closing.
Using the 1st heat exchanger of the heat pump of the second invention described above as making refrigerant and water carry out heat exchange
And the heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger heated to water is due to rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression
Measuring for the refrigerating machine oil of machine ensures, therefore, it is possible to stably realize efficient hot water supply.
Invention effect
According to the first invention of the application, the operation without stopping rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine can be only
Rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine are realized by this shirtsleeve operation of opening and closing of the 1st magnetic valve and the 2nd magnetic valve
In refrigerating machine oil homogenization.
Also, according to the second invention of the application, the operation without stopping compression mechanism, and equal fuel tap can be passed through
The homogenization of the refrigerating machine oil between compression mechanism is realized in opening/closing this shirtsleeve operation.Moreover, according to the present invention, if sentencing
Break and flow through oily pipe arrangement for refrigerant, then close the equal fuel tap that open, therefore, it is possible to avoid because refrigerant flows through oily pipe arrangement
And the loss of the compression mechanism produced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure for the loop structure for representing the heat pump involved by the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the action for the heat pump for representing the 1st embodiment, and Fig. 2 (a) represents two-stage compression operation, Fig. 2
(b) one stage of compression operation is represented.
Fig. 3 is that the two-stage compression operation for representing the heat pump for carrying out Fig. 1 using two magnetic valves is run with one stage of compression
Between switching loop structure figure.
Fig. 4 is the figure for the loop structure that two oil eliminators are attached with the heat pump for represent Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the figure of the loop structure for the supplying hot water/air conditioner for representing the heat-pump-type involved by the 2nd embodiment.
Fig. 6 represents the loop structure of supplying hot water/air conditioner of the heat-pump-type involved by the 2nd embodiment, shows with Fig. 5 not
Same operational mode.
Fig. 7 is the figure for the variation for representing oily pipe arrangement.
Fig. 8 is the figure for the loop structure for representing the kind of refrigeration cycle involved by the 3rd embodiment.
Fig. 9 is opening oil in the oily pipe arrangement of closing in the figure of the action for the kind of refrigeration cycle for representing Fig. 8, Fig. 9 (a), figure (b)
Pipe arrangement.
Figure 10 is the flow chart of the opening and closing order of valve for representing to be arranged on the equal oily pipe arrangement of Fig. 8 kind of refrigeration cycle.
Figure 11 is the flow chart of the variation of the opening and closing order for the valve for representing Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the figure of the loop structure for the supplying hot water/air conditioner for representing the heat-pump-type involved by the 4th embodiment.
Figure 13 is the figure of the loop structure for the supplying hot water/air conditioner for representing the heat-pump-type involved by the 4th embodiment, is shown
The operational mode different from Figure 12.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, refer to the attached drawing is illustrated to embodiments of the present invention.
[the 1st embodiment]
As shown in figure 1, the heat pump 1 involved by the 1st embodiment possesses：Rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side pressure
Contracting machine 10b, compresses and the refrigerant that spues；1st heat exchanger 11, makes the refrigerant compressed by senior side compression machine 10b with turning into
The fluid of the object of heat exchange carries out heat exchange；Expansion valve (below, only expansion valve) 12, makes to flow out from the 1st heat exchanger 11
Refrigerant puffing；And the 2nd heat exchanger 13, make in expansion valve 12 refrigerant of puffing with as heat exchange pair
The fluid of elephant carries out heat exchange, and they are sequentially connected in series along the loop direction of refrigerant.In present embodiment, the 1st heat is handed over
Parallel operation 11 for example can be as by carrying out heat exchange and the condenser function that radiates with water, also, the 2nd heat exchanger 13
The evaporator function by carrying out heat exchange with outer gas and absorbing heat can be used as.
Heat pump 1 possesses the four-way of following switching rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b connection status
Switching valve 14.That is, four-way switching valve 14 passes through both rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b in refrigerant
Two-stage compression runs (two-stage compression path) and only passes through rudimentary side compression machine 10a but roundabout senior side compression machine 10b with refrigerant
One stage of compression operation (one stage of compression path) between switch over.
Also, heat pump 1 possesses for equably keeping refrigerating machine oil and height retained in rudimentary side compression machine 10a
The equal oil machine structure 20 of the oil mass of refrigerating machine oil retained in level side compression machine 10b.
Heat pump 1, which possesses, to be linked rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b pipe arrangement L1, links senior side
The pipe arrangement L2 of compressor 10b and the 1st heat exchanger 11, pipe arrangement L3, the company for linking the 1st heat exchanger 11 and the 2nd heat exchanger 13
The pipe arrangement L4 of the heat exchanger 13 of knot the 2nd and rudimentary side compression machine 10a, thus constitutes the refrigerant loop of refrigerant circulation.Wherein,
For rudimentary side compression machine 10a, pipe arrangement L4 constitutes suction side line, links rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression
Machine 10b pipe arrangement L1 constitutes intermediate pressure pipe arrangement, for senior side compression machine 10b, and pipe arrangement L2 constitutes discharge side line.
Also, heat pump 1 possesses the exhaust end (pipe arrangement L1) and senior side compression machine for linking rudimentary side compression machine 10a
The pipe arrangement L5 of 10b exhaust end (pipe arrangement L2).Foregoing four-way switching valve 14 is arranged at telling for pipe arrangement L5 rudimentary side compression machine 10a
Go out the connection end of side.Four-way switching valve 14 makes directly to be inhaled by pipe arrangement L1 from the refrigerant that rudimentary side compression machine 10a spues
Enter to senior side compression machine 10b or be supplied to progress between the 1st heat exchanger 11 by pipe arrangement L5, again by pipe arrangement L2
Switching.By the switching, the switching between two-stage compression path and one stage of compression path is realized.
In addition, not differentiating between rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b sometimes and being referred to as compression mechanism 10.
Then, heat pump 1 possesses oil eliminator 26 on pipe arrangement L2.Oil eliminator 26 by oil return pipe arrangement 27 with it is senior
Side compression machine 10b is directly connected to.Oil return pipe arrangement 27 possesses fixed restriction device 27a.
When carrying out two-stage compression operation, oil eliminator 26 divides from the refrigerant spued from senior side compression machine 10b
Refrigerating machine oil is separated out, it is returned to senior side compression machine 10b via oil return pipe arrangement 27.When carrying out one stage of compression operation,
Oil eliminator 26 isolates refrigerating machine oil from the refrigerant spued from rudimentary side compression machine 10a, makes it via oil return pipe arrangement 27
Return to senior side compression machine 10b.
Hereinafter, each constitutive requirements successively to heat pump 1 are illustrated.
[compression mechanism 10]
Rudimentary side compression machine 10a is driven in rotation by the electro-motor being integrally constituted, and is consequently inhaled and has been passed through the 2nd
The refrigerant of the low-temp low-pressure of heat exchanger 13 is simultaneously compressed to intermediate pressure, is spued towards senior side compression machine 10b.
It is used as the compression mechanism suitable for rudimentary side compression machine 10a, applicable Scrawl compressor structure, rotary compressor
The compression mechanism of the known forms such as structure.Senior side compression machine 10b is also identical.
Senior side compression machine 10b suctions are from the rudimentary side compression machine 10a refrigerants spued and are compressed, high as high temperature
The refrigerant of pressure spues towards the 1st heat exchanger 11.
[the 1st heat exchanger 11]
The refrigerant of the fluids such as water, air of the 1st heat exchanger 11 by becoming the object of heat exchange and HTHP
Heat exchange is carried out to heat the fluid.From senior side compression machine 10b spue HTHP refrigerant herein by
Cool down and condense.Known heat exchanger can be used in 1st heat exchanger 11.Then the 2nd heat exchanger 13 illustrated is also identical.
When the object of heat exchange is air, Air Blast fan 11f is set up on the 1st heat exchanger 11, by Air Blast fan 11f
The air of air-supply carries out heat exchange during by the 1st heat exchanger 11 with refrigerant.
[expansion valve 12, the 2nd heat exchanger 13]
2nd heat exchanger 13 is to be depressurized by expansion valve 12 between the refrigerant of expansion and outer gas (wind pushing air)
The mechanism of heat exchange is carried out, during the heat exchange, refrigerant evaporation absorbs heat from outer gas.2nd heat exchanger 13
On be also attached to Air Blast fan 13f, the air blown by Air Blast fan 13f carries out heat exchange with refrigerant, thus makes low pressure system
Cryogen evaporates and produces heat-absorbing action.
Expansion valve 12, which for example can be used, possesses the valve body of needle-like and for the expansion valve for the impulse motor for driving valve body.
[equal oil machine structure 20]
Equal oil machine structure 20, which possesses, to be linked rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b equal oily pipe arrangement 21, links
The bypass pipe arrangement 23 of oily pipe arrangement 21 and oil return pipe arrangement 27 and the magnetic valve 25 for being arranged at bypass pipe arrangement 23.
Equal oil machine structure 20 makes refrigerating machine oil by oily pipe arrangement 21 in rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b
Between circulate.Also, equal oil machine structure 20 makes refrigerating machine oil be returned via bypass pipe arrangement 23 from senior side compression machine 10b exhaust end
To equal oily pipe arrangement 21.The function of the bypass pipe arrangement 23 is played when carrying out one stage of compression operation, and thus equal oily pipe arrangement 21 is assigned
Give required differential pressure.
If the oil level of the respective amounts of required refrigerating machine oil of rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b will be represented
As benchmark, then oily pipe arrangement 21 is in the surface of the benchmark oil level and rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b company
Connect.
Fig. 1 shows the example provided with single equal oily pipe arrangement 21, as shown in fig. 7, multiple equal oily pipe arrangements 21 can be set up in parallel
(21A、21B、21C).Moreover, setting open and close valve 22B, 22C respectively on equal oily pipe arrangement 21B, 21C.
Multiple equal oily pipe arrangement 21A, 21B, 21C are arranged such, and by making open and close valve 22B, 22C that action, pin is opened and closed
Situation to flowing through excessive refrigerating machine oil in single equal oily pipe arrangement 21 sometimes, can adjust the amount that refrigerating machine oil flows through.
In addition, open and close valve can also be set on oil pipe arrangement 21A.
In addition, the maximum that flows through of oil pipe arrangement 21A, 21B, 21C refrigerating machine oil can be with identical, can also be different.And
And, open and close valve 22B, 22C opening and closing can for example be entered by sensing the temperature for the refrigerating machine oil for flowing into senior side compression machine 10b
Row control.
[action of heat pump 1]
Hereinafter, the action to heat pump 1 is illustrated.
In heat pump 1, refrigerant is circulated, and carries out two-stage compression operation.But, if possessing specific condition,
Then carry out one stage of compression operation.
First, two-stage compression operation is illustrated.
When carrying out two-stage compression operation, shown in such as Fig. 2 (a), four-way switching valve 14 be switched to make pipe arrangement L1 (L11 and
L12) connect, pipe arrangement L11, four-way switching valve 14, pipe arrangement are passed through by the rudimentary side compression machine 10a refrigerants for being forced into intermediate pressure
L12 is sucked into senior side compression machine 10b.In Fig. 2 (a), arrow represents the direction that refrigerant flows through.Fig. 2 (b) described later also phase
Together.
The high-pressure refrigerant spued after HTHP is compressed to by senior side compression machine 10b and passes through pipe arrangement L2 inflows the 1st
Heat exchanger 11, radiates to heat exchange object.The high-pressure refrigerant radiated in the 1st heat exchanger 11 is by pipe arrangement L3
Afterwards by expansion valve 12 during expansion and as low pressure refrigerant.The low pressure refrigerant further flows into the by pipe arrangement L3
2 heat exchangers 13, absorb heat and evaporate from outdoor air.Thereafter, from the 2nd heat exchanger 13 flow out low pressure refrigerant by with
Pipe L4 is sucked into rudimentary side compression machine 10a.
Be sucked into rudimentary side compression machine 10a low pressure refrigerant it is compressed and as after intermediate pressure refrigerant, quilt
Spue to pipe arrangement L1.Senior side pressure is sucked into from rudimentary side compression machine 10a by the intermediate pressure refrigerant spued to pipe arrangement L1
Contracting machine 10b.Be sucked into senior side compression machine 10b refrigerant it is compressed and as being spued to pipe arrangement after high-pressure refrigerant
L2。
Process of the heat pump 1 in the circulation for repeating the compression of refrigerant described above, condensation, expansion and evaporation
It is middle refrigerating machine oil is circulated by oily pipe arrangement 21, it is thus that rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b is respective
Oil level is ensured in required scope.
Here, returning to the mode of compressor, one as refrigerating machine oil contained in the refrigerant for making to spue from compressor
As be following manner, i.e. being set in the exhaust end configuration of compressor by what refrigerant and oil were separated referred to as oil eliminator
It is standby, the refrigerating machine oil isolated is returned to the suction of compressor via the oil return circuit for possessing the fixed restriction device such as capillary
Side.
If however, for example, the hot-warer supplying machine of imagination setting heat-pump-type, enters water because the high-pressure of equipment is depended on
The temperature (for example, 35~75 DEG C scope) of water in refrigerant heat exchanger (water-refrigerant heat exchanger) and be determined,
Therefore the suction side of compressor and the pressure differential of exhaust end may significantly change because of water temperature.If in water-refrigerant heat exchange
Two-stage compression operation is carried out in the state of the inlet water temperature of device is relatively low, then rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b it
Between differential pressure diminish.According to the differential pressure of the compressor chamber, it is determined that the amount of the refrigerating machine oil returned.Therefore, in present embodiment, just
When carrying out two-stage compression operation, if the differential pressure step-down between rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b, switches
Into one stage of compression operation, and open magnetic valve 25.In this way, heat pump 1 makes refrigerating machine oil from oil eliminator 26 via bypass
Pipe arrangement 23, oily pipe arrangement 21 is returned to not via senior side compression machine 10b, thus, it is possible to which the differential pressure in equal oil machine structure 20 is begun
Ensure more than setting eventually.Moreover, heat pump 1 can make oil not via the fixed restriction device on oil return pipe arrangement 27
27a and senior side compression machine 10b and return to rudimentary side compression machine 10a, therefore prevent in fixed restriction device 27a or senior side pressures
The pressure loss is produced in contracting machine 10b and causes return flow to reduce.
When carrying out two-stage compression operation, if possessing the condition of following (1)~(3), heat pump 1 switches to one
Level compression operation.Following condition is the index of the differential pressure step-down between rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b.
The setting T of condition (1)~(3)R、ΔPR1And Δ PR2Be not monodrome determine, but with each structure of be applicable heat pump 1
Accordingly it is determined into important document, service condition.Though in addition, omit diagram, water temperature TW, suction pressure PLI, discharge pressure
PLOAnd discharge pressure PHOBy the temperature sensor that is attached in the 1st heat exchanger 11, it is attached to rudimentary side compression machine 10a, height
Pressure sensor in level side compression machine 10b is detected.The information detected is sent to the control device 30 shown in Fig. 1.Control
Device 30 processed is utilized and acquired water temperature TW, suction pressure PLI, discharge pressure PLOAnd discharge pressure PHORelated information is sentenced
Fixed condition (1)~(3).When carrying out one stage of compression operation, control device 30 also continues to decision condition (1)~(3).
(1) temperature of the water entered in water refrigerant heat exchanger (hydrothermal exchange)：TW, setting：TR
TW≤TR
(2) rudimentary side compression machine 10a suction pressure PLI, senior side compression machine 10b discharge pressure PHO, setting：Δ
PR1
(PHO-PLI)≤ΔPR1
(3) rudimentary side compression machine 10a suction pressure PLI, discharge pressure PLO, setting：ΔPR2
(PLO-PLI)≤ΔPR2
[two-stage compression operation → one stage of compression operation]
When carrying out two-stage compression operation, control device 30 is if it is determined that to meet any one in condition (1)~(3)
It is individual, it indicates that four-way switching valve 14 is switched to the position of the one stage of compression operation shown in Fig. 2 (b).Also, control device 30 refers to
Show opening magnetic valve 25.Consequently, it is possible to which heat pump 1 is acted as follows.
The high-pressure refrigerant spued after high pressure is compressed to by rudimentary side compression machine 10a and passes through pipe arrangement L11, four-way switching valve
14 and pipe arrangement L5 flows into the 1st heat exchanger 11, and heat exchange object is radiated.In addition, here, rudimentary side compression machine 10a ratios
Two-stage compression further improve service ability when running and by refrigerant compression to high pressure.Also, senior side compression machine 10b stops
Operation.
The high-pressure refrigerant radiated in the 1st heat exchanger 11 after by pipe arrangement L3 by expansion valve 12 during it is swollen
It is swollen and as low pressure refrigerant.The low pressure refrigerant further flows into the 2nd heat exchanger 13 by pipe arrangement L3, from outdoor air
Absorb heat and evaporate.Thereafter, the low pressure refrigerant flowed out from the 2nd heat exchanger 13 by pipe arrangement L4 is sucked into rudimentary side compression machine
10a。
One stage of compression operates in the circulation of the compression for repeating refrigerant described above, condensation, expansion and evaporation
During magnetic valve 25 be open, therefore refrigerating machine oil is returned by bypass pipe arrangement 23 not via senior side compression machine 10b
Return to oily pipe arrangement 21.It is low therefore, it is possible to make therefore, it is possible to which the differential pressure in equal oil machine structure 20 is remained more than setting
Oil level between level side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b keeps balance well.
Heat pump 1 described above uses four-way when two-stage compression runs and switched between one stage of compression operation
Switching valve 14, but the present invention is not limited to this.As shown in figure 3, heat pump 2 can also by by two magnetic valve 14a,
14b is respectively arranged at pipe arrangement L1, L5 and selectively control opening and closing to carry out between two-stage compression operation and one stage of compression operation
Switching.In the case of the example shown in Fig. 3, if opening magnetic valve 14a and closing magnetic valve 14b, two-stage compression is carried out
Operation, if closing magnetic valve 14a and opening magnetic valve 14b, carries out one stage of compression operation.In addition, in figure 3, pair and Fig. 1
Identical important document is marked and Fig. 1 identical symbols.Fig. 4 is also identical.
Fig. 1 shows that oil eliminator 26 is corresponding with both rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b and sets
Example, but heat pump 3 as shown in Figure 4 is like that, can also be four-way switching valve in rudimentary side compression machine 10a exhaust end
14 front possesses rudimentary side compression machine 10a oil eliminator 28.Oil eliminator 28 is linked to by oil return pipe arrangement 29
Oily pipe arrangement 21.
Carrying out two-stage compression operation and one stage of compression is operating during any one, oil eliminator 26 also can
Refrigerating machine oil is isolated from the refrigerant spued from rudimentary side compression machine 10a, makes it via oil return pipe arrangement 29 and oily pipe arrangement
21 return to rudimentary side compression machine 10a.Therefore, can to return to effectively refrigerating machine oil rudimentary for the heat pump 3 shown in Fig. 4
Side compression machine 10a.
[the 2nd embodiment]
Hereinafter, supplying hot water/air conditioner of the heat-pump-type of the heat pump 1 illustrated as the 1st embodiment will be applicable
100 illustrate as the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 5, supplying hot water/air conditioner 100 is made up of heat pump 200 and water system 300.
[heat pump 200]
Heat pump 200 is the oil shown in the heat pump 1 (Fig. 1) illustrated using being provided only with the 1st embodiment
The heat pump in the loop of separator 26, heat exchange is carried out in outdoor air (outer gas) between refrigerant.Work as heat pump
During the 200 presence important document corresponding with heat pump 1, mark and the 1st embodiment identical symbol, and the description thereof will be omitted.But
It is that the 1st heat exchanger 11 is replaced by water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11.Water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is by making water system
The water of 300 sides carries out heat exchange with refrigerant and water is heated.Also, it is empty that the 2nd heat exchanger 13 is replaced by heat source side
Gas-heat exchanger 13.In addition, heat pump 200 includes the following important document that heat pump 1 does not possess.
Heat pump 200 is in the pipe arrangement L2 and rudimentary side compression machine 10a of senior side compression machine 10b exhaust end suction side
Pipe arrangement L4 between possess four-way switching valve 15, make the loop direction of refrigerant reversible by the four-way switching valve 15, Neng Gouxuan
Any one in kind of refrigeration cycle (defrosting circulation) and heating circulation is selected, in the kind of refrigeration cycle, refrigerant is passed through thermal source
Side air heat exchanger 13 is circulated along clockwise direction to water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11, in the heating circulation, makes refrigeration
Agent is circulated in the counterclockwise direction by the heat source side air heat exchanger 13 of water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
Heat pump 200 is except heat source side air heat exchanger 13, water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and four-way switching valve 15
In addition, it is also equipped with controlling the conduct decompression of the outlet side refrigerant temperature of water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 on refrigerant loop
1st expansion valve 12a of mechanism, to refrigerant carry out gas-liquid separation intermediate pressure container 16a, supercooling coil 17, to intermediate pressure
The 2nd expansion valve 12b and reservoir 18 that power refrigerant is depressurized.Reservoir 18 is isolated in heat source side air heat exchange
The refrigerant for the liquid not being evaporated in device 13.
, should also, heat pump 200 possesses the spray circuits 16 with magnetic valve 16b, check-valves 16c and playpipe 16d
Magnetic valve will be injected into by the refrigerant gas of the intermediate pressure container 16a intermediate pressures isolated and be sucked into senior side compression
In the refrigerant gas of machine 10b intermediate pressure.
In addition, magnetic valve 16b is for example in the starting of the intermediate pressure container 16a hydraulically full refrigerant in inside, in order to
Prevent liquid refrigerant to be supplied to senior side compression machine 10b, also play the effect of the valve as closing spray circuits 16.
Also, heat pump 200 possesses the secondary pipe arrangement 121 arranged side by side with oily pipe arrangement 21, the secondary pipe arrangement 121 possesses magnetic valve
122.Similarly, heat pump 200 possesses the secondary pipe arrangement 127 arranged side by side with oil return pipe arrangement 27, and the secondary pipe arrangement 127 possesses magnetic valve
128.In addition, secondary pipe arrangement 121,127 is provided with flow controller.
Secondary pipe arrangement 121,127 due to flow through oily pipe arrangement 21, the refrigerating machine oil of oil return pipe arrangement 27 amount it is limited, therefore thinking
When making more refrigerating machine oils flowings, magnetic valve 122,128 is opened.
[water system 300]
Water system 300 possesses Warm water circulation stream 301, in the Warm water circulation stream, is circulated via water-circulating pump 307
Water absorbs heat from refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 being arranged in heat pump 200 and turns into warm water, by making
The warm water is circulated between the radiator (utilizing side heat exchanger) 303 of load-side and entered as heating thermal source etc.
Row is utilized.Heat-accumulator tank 305 is connected with the Warm water circulation stream 301, warm water switches via the threeway of flow rate adjustable ratio
Valve 306 is from Warm water circulation stream 301 imported into the heat-accumulator tank, and the heat-accumulator tank can be stored up the warm water as accumulation of heat warm water
Deposit.
The warm water that heat-accumulator tank 305 is circulated via the warm water for making to be heated from water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 to radiator 303 is followed
Set three-way switch valve 306 in circulation road 301, from it portion take accumulation of heat warm water, to Warm water circulation stream at the time of needing
The side of road 301 is released.
Also, utilize the heated heat supply by the heat of the accumulation of heat warm water of hot water storage provided with supply in heat-accumulator tank 305
The sanitary water supply circuit (omitting diagram) of the warm water of water, the electric heater (omitting diagram) being powered as needed.
Water system 300 as constructed as above is configured to as follows：Can be by controlling the opening and closing of three-way switch valve 306 to be selected
Switching is selected, so as to select to implement to transport to the accumulation of heat that radiator 303 supplies the heating operation of warm water or supplies warm water to heat-accumulator tank 305
Any one in row, or, can be by utilizing temperature to radiator 303 and the two the distribution supply warm water of heat-accumulator tank 305
Water implement simultaneously heating operation and regenerative operation both.
Also, in water system 300, passed through by heat-accumulator tank 305 by what water-circulating pump 307 was supplied as the water of heating target
Heat exchange is carried out with the refrigerant of heat pump 200 and be heated in water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
On the other hand, if selecting heating circulation in heat pump 200, the gas refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure is by compressor
Structure 10 (rudimentary side compression machine 10a, senior side compression machine 10b) compress, spued as the gas refrigerant of HTHP to
Heat pump 200.The gas refrigerant is fed to water-refrigeration as shown in the solid arrow in Fig. 5 by four-way switching valve 14
Agent heat exchanger 11 and circulate along clockwise direction.Now, water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is made by water-circulating pump 307
The water of the water system 300 of circulation carries out the heat exchanger of heat exchange with high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, passes through the condensation of refrigerant
And the condensation heat radiated is used as the condenser function heated to water.As a result, the high temperature for flowing through heat pump 200 is high
The gas refrigerant of pressure is condensed and the liquid refrigerant as HTHP, and the water for flowing through water system 300 absorbs heat from refrigerant
And as warm water.
The refrigerant condensed by water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 flows into intermediate pressure by the 1st expansion valve 12a of standard-sized sheet to be held
Device 16a.In intermediate pressure container 16a, the gas-liquid separation of refrigerant, and the gas system for the intermediate pressure isolated are carried out
Cryogen is sprayed for the centre between rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b by magnetic valve 16b, check-valves 16c
Pressure.
On the other hand, the 2nd is passed through via supercooling coil 17 by the refrigerant of the intermediate pressure container 16a liquid isolated
Expansion valve 12b and be depressurized so that the refrigerant of the gas-liquid two-phase as low-temp low-pressure, is fed to heat source side air heat exchange
Device 13.Be fed to gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant as the heat source side air heat exchanger 13 of evaporator function by with it is outer
Gas carries out heat exchange to absorb heat and gasify from outer gas.
In this way, by heat source side air heat exchanger 13, the gas refrigeration for the low-temp low-pressure for absorbing heat and gasifying from outer gas
Agent again passes by four-way switching valve 15 and is attracted to rudimentary side compression machine 10a.So it is attracted to the low of rudimentary side compression machine 10a
The gas refrigerant of warm low pressure compresses and turns into HTHP in order through rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b
Gas refrigerant, circulated in path same as below and repeat the state change of gas-liquid.Now, the moisture in air
Frost is produced etc. being possible to freeze in the outer peripheral face of the heat source side air heat exchanger 13 as low temperature.
Frosting can hinder the heat exchange of refrigerant in heat source side air heat exchanger 13 and outer gas and can imitate heat exchange
Rate is reduced, it is therefore desirable to have frostless accumulation to be removed to implement Defrost operation by each appropriate run time by sensing
Frost.The Defrost operation is carried out as follows in above-mentioned heat pump 200, i.e. is switched four-way switching valve 15 and is made the circulation of refrigerant
Direction is reversed, so that the kind of refrigeration cycle (defrosting circulation) of the direction circulation for the dotted arrow for making refrigerant into Fig. 6 is switched to, will
Heat source side air heat exchanger 13 is imported from the gas refrigerant of the senior side compression machine 10b HTHPs spued, is dissipated using it
Hot (condensation heat) makes to be attached to the frost thawing on heat source side air heat exchanger 13.
When carrying out Defrost operation based on the recycled back mode, water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 can be sent out as evaporator
Function is waved, is absorbed heat from the water for flowing through Warm water circulation stream 301 and makes refrigerant vapor, make frosting in heat source side using the heat
Frost thawing on air heat exchanger 13.Now, if water temperature is excessively reduced, water freezes in water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11,
The damaged risk of heat exchanger can be produced.Therefore, when being defrosted, it is necessary to prevent from following in water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11
The water temperature of ring and the evaporating temperature of refrigerant are excessively reduced.
In supplying hot water/air conditioner 100 described above, also in a same manner as in the first embodiment, if carrying out two grades of pressures
Possess the condition of following (1)~(3) during contracting operation, then switch to one stage of compression operation.The switching is as with reference to Fig. 2 (a), (b)
It is illustrated.
(1) temperature of the water entered in water refrigerant heat exchanger (hydrothermal exchange)：TW, setting：TR
TW≤TR
(2) rudimentary side compression machine 10a suction pressure PLI, senior side compression machine 10b discharge pressure PHO, setting：Δ
PR1
(PHO-PLI)≤ΔPR1
(3) rudimentary side compression machine 10a suction pressure PLI, discharge pressure PLO, setting：ΔPR2
(PLO-PLI)≤ΔPR2
[two-stage compression operation → one stage of compression operation]
If being switched to one stage of compression operation, the high compacting spued after high pressure is compressed to by rudimentary side compression machine 10a
Cryogen flows into water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 by pipe arrangement L11, four-way switching valve 14 and pipe arrangement L5, and heat exchange object is carried out
Radiating.In addition, here, rudimentary side compression machine 10a further improves service ability and by refrigerant pressure when being run than two-stage compression
It is reduced to high pressure.Also, senior side compression machine 10b is out of service.
[the 3rd embodiment]
As shown in figure 8, the heat pump 4 involved by the 3rd embodiment possesses：Rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side pressure
Contracting machine 10b, compresses and the refrigerant that spues；1st heat exchanger 11, makes the refrigerant compressed by senior side compression machine 10b with turning into
The fluid of the object of heat exchange carries out heat exchange；Expansion valve 12, makes the refrigerant puffing flowed out from the 1st heat exchanger 11；
And the 2nd heat exchanger 13, the fluid of the refrigerant of puffing and the object as heat exchange in expansion valve 12 is carried out heat
Exchange, they are sequentially connected in series along the loop direction of refrigerant.In present embodiment, the 1st heat exchanger 11 for example can
As by carrying out heat exchange and the condenser function that radiates with water, also, the 2nd heat exchanger 13 can be used as by with
The evaporator function that outer gas carries out heat exchange and absorbed heat.
Heat pump 4 possesses for equably keeping the refrigerating machine oil retained in rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side
The equal oil machine structure 20 of the oil mass of refrigerating machine oil retained in compressor 10b.It is used as the equal oil machine structure of the feature of present embodiment
20 detailed description will be described later.
Heat pump 4, which possesses, to be linked rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b pipe arrangement L1, links senior side
The pipe arrangement L2 of compressor 10b and the 1st heat exchanger 11, pipe arrangement L3, the company for linking the 1st heat exchanger 11 and the 2nd heat exchanger 13
The pipe arrangement L4 of the heat exchanger 13 of knot the 2nd and rudimentary side compression machine 10a, thus constitutes the refrigerant loop of refrigerant circulation.Wherein,
For rudimentary side compression machine 10a, pipe arrangement L4 constitutes suction side line, links rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression
Machine 10b pipe arrangement L1 constitutes intermediate pressure pipe arrangement, for senior side compression machine 10b, and pipe arrangement L2 constitutes discharge side line.
In addition, not differentiating between rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b sometimes and being referred to as compression mechanism 10.
Hereinafter, each constitutive requirements to heat pump 4 are illustrated successively.
[compression mechanism 10]
Rudimentary side compression machine 10a is driven in rotation by the electro-motor being integrally constituted, and is consequently inhaled and has been passed through the 2nd
The refrigerant of the low-temp low-pressure of heat exchanger 13 is simultaneously compressed to intermediate pressure, is spued towards senior side compression machine 10b.
It is used as the compression mechanism suitable for rudimentary side compression machine 10a, applicable Scrawl compressor structure, rotary compressor
The compression mechanism of the known forms such as structure.Senior side compression machine 10b is also identical.
Senior side compression machine 10b suctions are from the rudimentary side compression machine 10a refrigerants spued and are compressed, high as high temperature
The refrigerant of pressure spues towards the 1st heat exchanger 11.
[the 1st heat exchanger 11]
The refrigerant of the fluids such as water, air of the 1st heat exchanger 11 by becoming the object of heat exchange and HTHP
Heat exchange is carried out to heat the fluid.From senior side compression machine 10b spue HTHP refrigerant herein by
Cool down and condense.Known heat exchanger can be used in 1st heat exchanger 11.Then the 2nd heat exchanger 13 illustrated is also identical.
When the object of heat exchange is air, Air Blast fan 11f is set up on the 1st heat exchanger 11, by Air Blast fan 11f
The air of air-supply carries out heat exchange during by the 1st heat exchanger 11 with refrigerant.
[expansion valve 12, the 2nd heat exchanger 13]
2nd heat exchanger 13 is to be depressurized between the refrigerant of expansion and outer gas by expansion valve 12 and carry out heat exchange
Mechanism, during the heat exchange, refrigerant evaporation, heat is absorbed from outer gas.Also it is attached on 2nd heat exchanger 13
Air Blast fan 13f, the air blown by Air Blast fan 13f carries out heat exchange with refrigerant, thus make low pressure refrigerant evaporate and
Produce heat-absorbing action.
Expansion valve 12 is for example by possessing the valve body of needle-like and for driving the electric expansion valve of the impulse motor of valve body to constitute.
[equal oil machine structure 20]
Equal oil machine structure 20 possesses：Oil pipe arrangement 21, links rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b；Equal fuel tap
(open and close valve) 24, is arranged at the refrigeration machine between oily pipe arrangement 21, control rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b
The flowing of oil；1st temperature sensor 34, is arranged close to equal oily pipe arrangement 21, for detecting the temperature inside oily pipe arrangement 21；And
2nd temperature sensor 35, is arranged close to pipe arrangement L2, for detecting the temperature inside pipe arrangement L2.
Each temperature information (detection temperature) T detected by the 1st temperature sensor 34 and the 2nd temperature sensor 350,T1Quilt
It is sent to control device 30.Control device 30 is according to the temperature information T of transmission0、T1To control the opening/closing of equal fuel tap 24.
By controlling the opening/closing of equal fuel tap 24, equal oil machine structure 20 supplies remaining refrigerating machine oil in senior side compression machine 10b
Supplied to rudimentary side compression machine 10a or stopping.
Rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b are set with the refrigerating machine oil represented needed for normal operation respectively
Amount benchmark oil level, oil pipe arrangement 21 rudimentary side compression machine 10a is connected on the position corresponding with benchmark oil level, it is senior
Side compression machine 10b.Also, it is preferred that each connection end of oil pipe arrangement 21 is soaked in refrigerating machine oil all the time.
As shown in Fig. 9 (b), if opening the equal fuel tap 24 of oily pipe arrangement 21, refrigerating machine oil is from senior side compression machine 10b courts
Flowed through to rudimentary side compression machine 10a.Because the pressure inside senior side compression machine 10b is higher than in rudimentary side compression machine 10a
The pressure in portion.In addition, in Fig. 9, blacking represents the equal fuel tap 24 (Fig. 9 (a)) being closed, the hollow equal fuel tap 24 for representing to open
(Fig. 9 (b).Also, in Fig. 9, when refrigerating machine oil flows through, equal oily pipe arrangement 21 indicated by the solid line, when refrigerating machine oil is not flowed through,
It is represented by dashed line.
But, refrigerating machine oil from senior side compression machine 10b towards the rudimentary side compression machine 10a premises flowed through be senior side pressure
The connection end of equal oily pipe arrangement 21 in contracting machine 10b is soaked in refrigerating machine oil.If the not no premise, oil pipe arrangement 21 can turn into
The passage of refrigerant.Consequently, it is possible to by a part for the senior side compression machine 10b refrigerants compressed towards rudimentary side compression machine
10a is inversely returned.This means the power of compression refrigerant in both rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b
It is depleted.Therefore, when refrigerating machine oil does not flow through oily pipe arrangement 21, shown in such as Fig. 9 (a), it preferably is off equal fuel tap 24 to seal
Oily pipe arrangement 21 is closed, in order to avoid refrigerant flow direction rudimentary side compression machine 10a.
[control device 30]
Control device 30 dominates the action of heat pump 4, especially in the present embodiment, the equal oil of the oily pipe arrangement 21 of control
Valve 24 it is opening/closing.Control device 30 in order to control the opening/closing of equal fuel tap 24 and from the 1st temperature sensor 34 and the 2nd TEMP
Device 35 obtains temperature information T respectively0、T1.Control device 30 passes through the temperature information T acquired in comparison0、T1To judge equal fuel tap
24 it is opening/closing.That is, if comparing the temperature of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant for flowing through pipe arrangement L2 that flow through oily pipe arrangement 21, freeze
The temperature of agent is significant lower.But, if what is flowed through in oil pipe arrangement 21 is refrigerant rather than refrigerating machine oil, oil pipe arrangement 21
The temperature information T of middle detection0With the temperature information T detected in pipe arrangement L21Difference diminish.Therefore, if the C.T of control device 30
Information T0With temperature information T1, then can determine that flowed through in oily pipe arrangement 21 is refrigerating machine oil or refrigerant.
[action of heat pump 4]
Hereinafter, the action to heat pump 4 is illustrated.
In heat pump 4, refrigerant circulation, and perform two-stage compression kind of refrigeration cycle.
In heat pump 4, pipe arrangement L2 inflows the 1st are passed through from the refrigerant of the senior side compression machine 10b HTHPs spued
Heat exchanger 11, radiates to exchangeable object.The refrigerant radiated in 1 heat exchanger 11 is after by pipe arrangement L3 by swollen
Expanded during swollen valve 12 and turn into low pressure refrigerant.The low pressure refrigerant further flows into the 2nd heat exchange by pipe arrangement L3
Device 13, absorbs heat and evaporates from outdoor air.Thereafter, the low pressure refrigerant flowed out from the 2nd heat exchanger 13 passes through pipe arrangement L4 quilts
It is sucked into rudimentary side compression machine 10a.
Be sucked into rudimentary side compression machine 10a low pressure refrigerant it is compressed and as intermediate pressure refrigerant after quilt
Spue to pipe arrangement L1.Senior side is sucked into from rudimentary side compression machine 10a by the refrigerant spued to pipe arrangement L1 intermediate pressure
Compressor 10b.Be sucked into senior side compression machine 10b refrigerant it is compressed and as after high-pressure refrigerant, spued to
Pipe arrangement L2.
Process of the heat pump 4 in the circulation for repeating the compression of refrigerant described above, condensation, expansion and evaporation
In be alternately repeated the equal t during closing of fuel tap 24 of progresswClose and during equal oil tmThe action of opening.Present embodiment has
The t during equal oilmAlso the feature of the equal fuel tap 24 of positive closing.Hereinafter, with reference to Figure 10 to the on-off action of equal fuel tap 24
Order is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 10, as the initial setting that the operation of heat pump 4 starts is indicated, control device 30 indicates to close
(OFF) equal fuel tap 24 (Figure 10 S101).When equal fuel tap 24 is closed from the beginning, continue to keep the state.
The timing self-indication of the control device 30 elapsed time t that has started of operation, if elapsed time t reach it is prespecified
T during closingw, it indicates that open (ON) fuel tap 24 (Figure 10 S103).If indicating, equal fuel tap 24 reaches advance rule after opening
T during fixed equal oilm, then control device 30 indicate to close equal fuel tap 24 (Figure 10 S111).As more than, the 1st embodiment it is equal
Fuel tap 24 is alternately repeated progress t during closingwClose and during equal oil tmThe action of opening.
But, on the opening and closing of equal fuel tap 24, control device 30 is set with two kinds of exceptions of following explanation.
First, control device 30 judge heat pump 4 whether stable operation, when stable operation, be transitioned into second example
Outer judgement (step 105 be, S107), but when astable operation, remain turned-off state (Figure 10 S105 of equal fuel tap 24
It is no).Here, when the astable operation equivalent to stable operation does not refer to for example equivalent to Defrost operation is carried out.Because should
During astable operation, the temperature for flowing through the refrigerating machine oil of equal fuel tap 24 is higher than the refrigeration for being sucked into senior side compression machine 10b
The premise of this present embodiment of temperature of agent is possible to invalid.Also, also corresponded to during starting initial stage of heat pump 4
T during the starting is included in as foregoing closing initial stage in astable operation, but present embodimentw。
Then, as second exception, the advanced side compression machine 10b of control device 30 rotating speed R and prespecified
Rotating speed R0(Figure 10 S107), when rotating speed R is less than rotating speed R0When, indicate that equal fuel tap 24 is alternately repeated at regular intervals and opened
(ON) and close (OFF) (Figure 10 S107 be, S108).
If not made an exception equivalent to two above, control device 30 indicates to open equal fuel tap 24 (Figure 10 S109).Equal fuel tap
After 24 receive the instruction, the t only during equal oilmIt is maintained open state (Figure 10 S111).
The temperature information T that control device 30 judges to obtain from the 1st temperature sensor 34 in this period0With being passed from the 2nd temperature
The temperature information T that sensor 35 is obtained1Difference (T0-T1) whether it is prespecified below value Δ T (Figure 10 S113).Here,
Temperature information T0It is considered as flowing through the temperature of the fluid (refrigerating machine oil or refrigerant) of oily pipe arrangement 21, temperature information T1It is considered as
It is sucked into the temperature of senior side compression machine 10b refrigerant.
If above-mentioned difference (T0-T1) be below Δ T, then what control device 30 was judged as flowing through in oily pipe arrangement 21 is refrigeration
Agent rather than refrigerating machine oil, and close equal fuel tap 24 (Figure 10 S113 are).On the other hand, if above-mentioned difference (T0-T1) exceed Δ
T, then t during equal fuel tap 24 continues to open to equal oilmAt the expiration, if oil during tmAt the expiration, then equal fuel tap 24 is closed (Figure 10
S113 is no, and S111 is).
It is as described above, according to present embodiment, without stopping rudimentary side compression machine 10a's and senior side compression machine 10b
Operation, and refrigerating machine oil can be supplied from senior lateral rudimentary side by the opening/closing this shirtsleeve operation of equal fuel tap 24, from
And realize the homogenization of both refrigerating machine oils.Moreover, according to present embodiment, if control device 30 is judged as oily pipe arrangement 21
In flow through is refrigerant rather than refrigerating machine oil, then equal fuel tap 24 is closed, therefore, it is possible to avoid matching somebody with somebody because refrigerant flows through equal oil
The loss of pipe 21 and the compression mechanism 10 of generation.
More than, according to embodiment, the present invention is described, but as long as not departing from spirit of the invention, then can accept or reject
Select the structure enumerated in above-mentioned embodiment or be suitably changed to other structures.
More than, according to t during closingwWith t during equal oilmTo control the principle of equal fuel tap 24 to be opened and closed, but the present invention is not
It is limited to this.As the condition for opening equal fuel tap 24, temperature information T can also be used0、T1.I.e., as shown in figure 11, can also be in T0-
T1Equal fuel tap 24 (Figure 11 steps 203, step 109) is opened during more than Δ T, in T0-T1Equal fuel tap 24 (figure is closed during for below Δ T
11 steps 113, S101).
Also, with temperature information T0The temperature information made comparisons is not limited to temperature information T1, can also be with senior side compression
Detection temperature (temperature information) T in machine 10b2Make comparisons.The difference now obtained is T2-T0If the difference is prespecified
It is worth below Δ T, then control device 30 is judged as that refrigerant flows through oily pipe arrangement 21.In addition, the temperature in senior side compression machine 10b
It is detected storing below refrigerating machine oil.
[the 4th embodiment]
Hereinafter, supplying hot water/air conditioner of the heat-pump-type of the heat pump 4 illustrated as the 3rd embodiment will be applicable
100 illustrate as the 4th embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 12 and 13, supplying hot water/air conditioner 100 is made up of heat pump 200 and water system 300.
[heat pump 200]
Heat pump 200 is using the heat pump 4 illustrated in the 1st embodiment, in outdoor air (outer gas) and refrigeration
Heat exchange is carried out between agent.When there is the important document corresponding with heat pump 4, mark and the 3rd embodiment identical symbol,
And the description thereof will be omitted.But, the 1st heat exchanger 11 is replaced by water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11.Water-refrigerant heat exchanger
11 are heated by making the water of the side of water system 300 carry out heat exchange with refrigerant to water.Also, the quilt of the 2nd heat exchanger 13
It is substituted for heat source side air heat exchanger 13.In addition, heat pump 200 includes the following important document that heat pump 4 does not possess.
Heat pump 200 is in the pipe arrangement L2 and rudimentary side compression machine 10a of senior side compression machine 10b exhaust end suction side
Pipe arrangement L4 between possess four-way switching valve 15, make the loop direction of refrigerant reversible by the four-way switching valve 15, Neng Gouxuan
Any one in kind of refrigeration cycle (defrosting circulation) and heating circulation is selected, in the kind of refrigeration cycle, refrigerant is passed through thermal source
Side air heat exchanger 13 is circulated along clockwise direction to water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11, in the heating circulation, makes refrigeration
Agent is circulated in the counterclockwise direction by the heat source side air heat exchanger 13 of water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
Heat pump 200 is except heat source side air heat exchanger 13, water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and four-way switching valve 15
In addition, the cooling expansion valve 12a, heating expansion valve 12b and container 39 as flow controller mechanism are additionally provided with.This is cooling swollen
Swollen valve 12a and heating expansion valve 12b are across the arranged in series of container 39.
Also, heat pump 200 is provided with economizer 36 on pipe arrangement L3.Economizer 36 possesses saver heat
Exchanger 36a, saver expansion valve 36b and playpipe 36c.Liquid refrigerant Jing Guo water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11
A part saver heat exchanger 36a, the liquid system with flowing through pipe arrangement L3 are fed to expansion valve 36b by saver
Cryogen carry out heat exchange and after evaporating, make the gas refrigerant via playpipe 36c be injected into rudimentary side compression machine 10a with it is high
The pipe arrangement L1 of intermediate pressure between level side compression machine 10b.
Also, heat pump 200 possesses oil eliminator 37 in rudimentary side compression machine 10a exhaust end, in senior side compression
Machine 10b exhaust end possesses oil eliminator 38.Contained refrigerating machine oil is in oil in the refrigerant spued from rudimentary side compression machine 10a
It is separated in separator 37 from refrigerant, and rudimentary side compression machine 10a is returned to via pipe arrangement 37L is returned.Similarly, from
Contained refrigerating machine oil is separated in oil eliminator 38 from refrigerant in the refrigerant that senior side compression machine 10b spues,
And return to senior side compression machine 10b via pipe arrangement 38L is returned.
[water system 300]
Water system 300 possesses Warm water circulation stream 301, in the Warm water circulation stream, is circulated via water-circulating pump 307
Water absorbs heat from refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 being arranged in heat pump 200 and turns into warm water, by making
The warm water is circulated between the radiator 303 of load-side and utilized as heating thermal source etc..The Warm water circulation stream
It is connected with heat-accumulator tank 305 on road 301, warm water is via the three-way switch valve 306 of flow rate adjustable ratio from Warm water circulation stream 301
It imported into the heat-accumulator tank, the heat-accumulator tank can be stored the warm water as accumulation of heat warm water.
The warm water that heat-accumulator tank 305 is circulated via the warm water for making to be heated from water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 to radiator 303 is followed
Set three-way switch valve 306 in circulation road 301, from it portion take accumulation of heat warm water, and to Warm water circulation at the time of needing
The side of stream 301 is released.
Also, utilize the heated heat supply by the heat of the accumulation of heat warm water of hot water storage provided with supply in heat-accumulator tank 305
The sanitary water supply circuit (omitting diagram) of the warm water of water, the electric heater (omitting diagram) being powered as needed.
Water system 300 as constructed as above is configured to as follows：It can select to implement by selecting switching three-way switching valve 306
To radiator 303 supply warm water heating operation or to heat-accumulator tank 305 supply warm water regenerative operation in any one, or
Person, can be by utilizing warm water while implementing heating operation to radiator 303 and the two the distribution supply warm water of heat-accumulator tank 305
And regenerative operation both.
Also, in water system 300, passed through by heat-accumulator tank 305 by what water-circulating pump 307 was supplied as the water of heating target
Heat exchange is carried out with the refrigerant of heat pump 200 and be heated in water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
On the other hand, if selecting heating circulation in heat pump 200, the gas refrigerant of low-temp low-pressure is by compressor
Structure 10 (rudimentary side compression machine 10a, senior side compression machine 10b) compress, spued as the gas refrigerant of HTHP to
Heat pump 200.The gas refrigerant is fed to water-refrigeration as shown in the solid arrow in Figure 12 by four-way switching valve 15
Agent heat exchanger 11, is circulated in the counterclockwise direction.Now, water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is to make to circulate by water-circulating pump 307
Water and the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant of water system 300 carry out the heat exchanger of heat exchange, dissipated by the condensation of refrigerant
The condensation heat of heat is used as the condenser function heated to water.As a result, flow through the HTHP of heat pump 200
Gas refrigerant is condensed and the liquid refrigerant as HTHP, and the water for flowing through water system 300 absorbs heat from refrigerant and formed
For warm water.
The refrigerant condensed by water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 flows into container 39 by the cooling expansion valve 12a of standard-sized sheet.
In the container 39, the gas-liquid separation of refrigerant, and the adjustment of the refrigerant amount circulated are carried out.In the downstream of container 39
It is configured with the heating expansion valve 12b depressurized to the liquid refrigerant of HTHP.Refrigerant is in heating expansion valve 12b
In pass through, thus the liquid refrigerant of HTHP is depressurized and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant as low-temp low-pressure, and is imported into
To heat source side air heat exchanger 13.It is fed to the gas-liquid of the heat source side air heat exchanger 13 as evaporator function
Two-phase system cryogen is absorbed heat by carrying out heat exchange with outer gas and gasified from outer gas.
In this way, by heat source side air heat exchanger 13, the gas refrigeration for the low-temp low-pressure for absorbing heat and gasifying from outer gas
Agent again passes by four-way switching valve 15 and is attracted to rudimentary side compression machine 10a.So it is attracted to the low of rudimentary side compression machine 10a
The gas refrigerant of warm low pressure compresses and turns into HTHP in order through rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b
Gas refrigerant, circulated in path same as below and repeat the state change of gas-liquid.Now, the moisture in air
Frost is produced etc. being possible to freeze in the outer peripheral face of the heat source side air heat exchanger 13 as low temperature.
Frosting can hinder the refrigerant in heat source side air heat exchanger 13 and the heat exchange of outer gas, and can imitate heat exchange
Rate is reduced, it is therefore desirable to have frostless accumulation to be removed to implement Defrost operation by each appropriate run time by sensing
Frost.The Defrost operation is in above-mentioned heat pump 200 by being carried out as follows, i.e. switches four-way switching valve 15 and makes refrigerant
Loop direction is reversed, so that the kind of refrigeration cycle for switching to the direction of arrow circulation for the single dotted broken line for making refrigerant into Figure 13 (is removed
Frost circulation), heat source side air heat exchanger will be imported into from the gas refrigerant of the senior side compression machine 10b HTHPs spued
13, the frost for making to be attached on heat source side air heat exchanger 13 using its radiating (condensation heat) melts.
When carrying out Defrost operation based on the recycled back mode, water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 can be sent out as evaporator
Function is waved, is absorbed heat from the water for flowing through Warm water circulation stream 301 and makes refrigerant vapor, make frosting in heat source side using the heat
Frost thawing on air heat exchanger 13.Now, if water temperature is excessively reduced, water freezes in water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11,
The damaged risk of heat exchanger can be produced.Therefore, when being defrosted, it is necessary to prevent from following in water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11
The water temperature of ring and the evaporating temperature of refrigerant are excessively reduced.
In supplying hot water/air conditioner 100 described above, also control to be arranged at rudimentary side pressure in a same manner as in the first embodiment
The opening and closing of equal fuel tap 24 between contracting machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b.Therefore, according to supplying hot water/air-conditioning of present embodiment
Machine 100, the operation without stopping rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b, and can be by the opening and closing of equal fuel tap 24
The homogenization of the refrigerating machine oil in rudimentary side compression machine 10a and senior side compression machine 10b is realized in this shirtsleeve operation.
More than, according to embodiment, the present invention is described, but as long as not departing from spirit of the invention, then can accept or reject
Structure or be suitably changed to other structures that selection is enumerated in above-mentioned embodiment mode.
For example, the part in addition to the important document of bottom line in the present invention described in the 1st embodiment is arbitrary.
Thus, it is also possible to the present invention be applied to be further equipped with to supplying hot water/air conditioner of indoor heat exchanger, on the contrary, also can
Suitable for only possessing the hot-warer supplying machine of the heat-pump-type of hot water storage function.
Symbol description
1st, 2,3,4- heat pumps, 10a- rudimentary side compression machines, 10b- senior side compression machines, the heat exchangers of 11- the 1st, water-
Refrigerant heat exchanger, 11f- Air Blast fans, 12- expansion valves, the expansion valves of 12a- the 1st, cooling expansion valve, 12b- the 2nd expands
Valve, heating expansion valve, the heat exchangers of 13- the 2nd, heat source side air heat exchanger, 13f- Air Blast fans, 14,15- four-ways switching
Valve, 14a, 14b- magnetic valve, 16- spray circuits, 16a- intermediate pressure containers, 16b- magnetic valves, 16c- check-valves, 16d- injections
Pipe, 17- supercooling coils, 18- reservoirs, the equal oil machine structures of 20-, the oily pipe arrangements of 21-, 23- bypass pipe arrangements, the equal fuel taps of 24-, 25- electricity
Magnet valve, 26,28- oil eliminators, 27,29- oil return pipe arrangements, 30- control devices, the temperature sensors of 34- the 1st, the temperature of 35- the 2nd is passed
Sensor, 36- economizers, 36a- saver heat exchangers, 36b- saver expansion valves, 36c- playpipes, 37,38-
Oil eliminator, 37L, 38L- return to pipe arrangement, 39- containers, 100- supplying hot waters/air conditioner, and 121, the secondary pipe arrangements of 127-, 122,128- electricity
Magnet valve, 200- heat pumps, 300- water systems, 301- Warm water circulation streams, 303- radiators, 305- heat-accumulator tanks, 306- threeways
Switching valve, 307- water-circulating pumps, L1, L11, L12, L2, L3, L4, L5- pipe arrangement.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of heat pump, it is characterised in that possess：
Compression mechanism, possesses rudimentary side compression machine and senior side compression machine, compresses and the refrigerant that spues；
Oil eliminator, is arranged at the exhaust end of the senior side compression machine；
1st heat exchanger, makes the refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism carry out heat exchange with heat exchange object；
Expansion valve, makes the refrigerant puffing flowed out from the 1st heat exchanger；
2nd heat exchanger, makes the refrigerant of puffing in the expansion valve carry out heat exchange with heat exchange object；
Equal oil circuit footpath, links the rudimentary side compression machine and the senior side compression machine, makes refrigerating machine oil in the rudimentary side pressure
Circulated between contracting machine and the senior side compression machine；
Main return pipe arrangement, links between the oil eliminator and the suction side of the senior side compression machine；
Oil return path, links the main return pipe arrangement and the equal oil circuit footpath；
Oil return open and close valve, is arranged at the oil return path；And
Refrigerant path switching mechanism, the rudimentary side compression machine and the senior side compression are flowed successively through making the refrigerant
The two-stage compression path of machine is with flowing only through the one-level of any one in the rudimentary side compression machine and the senior side compression machine
Selective switching is carried out between compressed path,
If selecting the one stage of compression path, the refrigerant path switching mechanism by opening the oil return open and close valve,
The refrigerating machine oil from the oil eliminator is set to be returned not via the senior side compression machine via the oil return path
To the equal oil circuit footpath.
2. heat pump according to claim 1, wherein,
If when in the state for having selected for the two-stage compression path, meeting appointing in following condition (1)~condition (3)
One, then the path of the refrigerant be switched to the one stage of compression path,
Condition (1)：TW≤TR
TW：When the heat exchange object of the 1st heat exchanger is water, into the water refrigerant heat exchanger for carrying out hydrothermal exchange
The temperature of water, TR：Setting；
Condition (2)：(PHO-PLI)≤ΔPR1
PLI：The suction pressure of rudimentary side compression machine, PHO：The discharge pressure of senior side compression machine, setting：ΔPR1；
Condition (3)：(PLO-PLI)≤ΔPR2
PLI：The suction pressure of rudimentary side compression machine, PLO：The discharge pressure of rudimentary side compression machine, setting：ΔPR2。
3. heat pump according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
The amount of the refrigerating machine oil of prediction in the rudimentary side compression machine and the system of the prediction in the senior side compression machine
The amount of cold oil controls the opening and closing of the oil return open and close valve.
4. a kind of heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine, it is characterised in that
The 1st heat exchanger of heat pump any one of claims 1 to 3 is refrigerant is carried out hot friendship with water
Water-the refrigerant heat exchanger changed and heated to water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710356938.0A CN107270570A (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-07-31 | Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013203187A JP6057871B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2013-09-30 | Heat pump system and heat pump type water heater |
| JP2013-203187 | 2013-09-30 | ||
| JP2013-243573 | 2013-11-26 | ||
| JP2013243573A JP6029569B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2013-11-26 | Heat pump system and heat pump type water heater |
| PCT/JP2014/004029 WO2015045247A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-07-31 | Heat pump system, and heat pump water heater |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710356938.0A Division CN107270570A (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-07-31 | Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105593610A CN105593610A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| CN105593610B true CN105593610B (en) | 2017-09-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710356938.0A Pending CN107270570A (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-07-31 | Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine |
| CN201480053999.4A Active CN105593610B (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-07-31 | Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710356938.0A Pending CN107270570A (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-07-31 | Heat pump and heat-pump-type hot-warer supplying machine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3040643B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN107270570A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2708779T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015045247A1 (en) |
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| CN105526735B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-12-21 | 苏州热火能源科技有限公司 | A kind of efficient big temperature rise two-stage throttling two stages of compression heat pump water-heating machine |
| CN111386127A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2020-07-07 | 阿拉基斯医疗公司 | Nucleic acid-binding light probes and uses thereof |
| US11460224B2 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-10-04 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Oil control for climate-control system |
| JP7082098B2 (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2022-06-07 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Heat source unit and refrigeration equipment |
| KR20210121401A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Heat pump and method thereof |
| JP7469668B2 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-04-17 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration and Compression Equipment |
| JP6970363B1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-11-24 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Compressor |
| CN114935223A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-23 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | Air source heat pump system |
| CN115097878B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-11-17 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术股份有限公司 | Control method and control system of temperature control system and temperature control system |
| CN115200180A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-10-18 | 山东雅士股份有限公司 | High-stability variable-frequency heated water heater control system |
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- 2014-07-31 WO PCT/JP2014/004029 patent/WO2015045247A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-07-31 CN CN201480053999.4A patent/CN105593610B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3040643B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
| ES2708779T3 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
| WO2015045247A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
| CN107270570A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
| EP3040643A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
| CN105593610A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| EP3040643A4 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170918 Address after: Tokyo, Japan, Japan Patentee after: MITSUBISHI heavy industry refrigeration air conditioning system Co Ltd Address before: Tokyo, Japan, Japan Patentee before: Mit-subishi Heavy Industries Ltd. |