CN105591411B - Active balancing module of series battery pack and control method thereof - Google Patents
Active balancing module of series battery pack and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105591411B CN105591411B CN201410557173.3A CN201410557173A CN105591411B CN 105591411 B CN105591411 B CN 105591411B CN 201410557173 A CN201410557173 A CN 201410557173A CN 105591411 B CN105591411 B CN 105591411B
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Abstract
An active balancing module of series battery and control method thereof are provided for solving the problem that the prior art can not realize universal balancing, the module comprises: a conversion unit having a primary side coil and a plurality of secondary side coils; a flyback switch electrically connected to the primary side coil of the switching unit; the primary side regulator is electrically connected with the conversion unit and the flyback switch, and the primary side regulator, the flyback switch and the conversion unit jointly form a flyback framework with a primary side regulation function; a plurality of time-sharing switches electrically connected between the plurality of secondary side coils of the conversion unit and the plurality of power storage units of the series battery pack; and the processor is electrically connected with the time-sharing switcher and the primary side regulator and used for switching the conducting state of each time-sharing switcher in a time-sharing way, so that each secondary side coil outputs a certain current to each electric storage unit in a time-sharing way, and the primary side regulator obtains a reference signal in a time-sharing way and is used for estimating the charging quantity of each electric storage unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the active balancing module and its control method of a kind of series battery, especially a kind of combination electricity
The active balancing module and its control method of the series battery of sense type and modularization balanced structure.
Background technology
It is increasingly flourishing as the application of power resources using electric power since environmental consciousness comes back, such as：All-electric automobile (EV or
BEV), air mixture/electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid-electric car (PHEV) or energy-storage system (ESS) etc., above-mentioned
In, generally need using battery pack (Battery) store and supply power, the battery pack can by several high power densities,
High-peak power lighium polymer or lithium iron phosphoric acid (LiFePO4) battery are composed in series.By taking lithium battery group as an example, a large amount of concatenated lithiums
During battery use, battery capacity can be caused different because of aging, every time when charging, because of the residual charge between battery, charging
The differences such as speed, by the state of charge (SoC) caused in battery imbalance, to avoid lithium battery because of over-pressed (over voltage)
And efficiency or damage are reduced, it usually need to be by the charge balance state of battery management system (BMS) management and control battery pack.
It is excessive to exempt from battery charging, simple cheap passive equilibrium (passive balance) mode can be used, by storing up electricity
Higher cell shunt is measured to bypass resistance (bypass resistor), in order to avoid some battery over charge, remaining battery but fills
Electric insufficient, only except can be in addition to dissipated power, situations such as also fever and charging rate are slow, waits to improve this mode.Therefore, gradually
Active balancing (active balance) mode of state of charge can be redistributed by developing, and can be mended in charge and discharge process
The lower battery of voltage is repaid, except ensuring that each battery will not be in addition to overcharge, and quickly-chargeable and charging temperature is reduced, into one
Step improves the efficiency of battery, reliability and safety, and can reduce system cost.Therefore active balancing formula battery management system
It is the key technology for promoting electronic application industry development in fact.
Existing active balancing formula battery management system is broadly divided into capacitive balance, inductive type balance and modularization balance side
Formula, though capacitive balance mode is easy to control and is not required to voltage detection circuit, its equilibration time is longer, is not suitable for quickly filling
The application of electricity；Though in addition, inductive type balance mode can Fast-Balance charge and energy conversion efficiency it is high, only transformer must be overcome mutual
Situations such as sense and leakage inductance；Also, though modularization balance mode can provide stable voltage, its right required cost is higher, and each module
It is only capable of controlling limited number of batteries (region-type battery equilibrium), universe formula battery equilibrium can not be reached.
In view of this, it is necessary to which the shortcomings that improving the above-mentioned prior art promotes the practicality to meet actual demand.
Invention content
The present invention is to provide a kind of active balancing module of series battery, can quickly reach universe formula battery equilibrium.
The present invention discloses a kind of active balancing module of series battery, it includes：One converting unit is equipped with a primary side
Coil and several secondary side coils；One flyback switchs, and is electrically connected the primary side coil of the converting unit；One primary side regulates and controls
Device is electrically connected the converting unit and flyback switch, the primary side modulator, flyback switch and the common structure of the converting unit
At the flyback framework with primary side regulatory function；Several timesharing switch are electrically connected at several times of the converting unit
Between grade lateral coil and several electricity accumulating units of a series battery；And a processor, it is electrically connected the timesharing switch and should
Primary side modulator, the processor switch the conducting state of each timesharing switch to timesharing, keep each secondary side coil timesharing defeated
Go out a constant current to each electricity accumulating unit, and a reference signal is obtained by the primary side modulator timesharing, to estimate each electric power storage list
The charge volume of member.
There is the primary side modulator sampling end and an adjustable side, the sampling end to be electrically connected the first of the converting unit
Grade lateral coil, the adjustable side are electrically connected flyback switch.
The converting unit is equipped with an ancillary coil, and the polarity of the ancillary coil is identical as the polarity of each secondary side coil.
There is the primary side modulator sampling end and an adjustable side, the sampling end to be electrically connected the auxiliary of the converting unit
Index contour circle, the adjustable side are electrically connected flyback switch.
The processor obtains a pulse width modulation signal by the adjustable side timesharing of the primary side modulator, and according to the pulsewidth
The voltage value than each electricity accumulating unit that converts such as work period of modulation signal.
The active balancing module of the series battery, additionally comprises a current limiting element, which is electrically connected at this
Flyback switchs between a ground terminal.
The active balancing module of the series battery additionally comprises a variable resistance switch, which is electrically connected
In flyback switch and the processor.
The variable resistance switch is equipped with variable resistance switch, a small resistance element and a big resistance element, and variable resistance switch electrically connects
Flyback switch and the processor are connect, the small resistance element and the big resistance element are electrically connected variable resistance switch.
The active balancing module of the series battery, additionally comprises several isolators, and each isolator is electrically connected at this
It manages between device and each timesharing switch.
The isolator is a photo-coupler.
The active balancing module of the series battery, additionally comprises a voltage detector, which is equipped with several
Sense terminal and several management and control ends and a communication port, each sense terminal are electrically connected each electricity accumulating unit, and each management and control end is electrically connected each
Timesharing switch, the communication port are electrically connected the processor.
The voltage detector is equipped with an indicator light, to indicate the working condition of the voltage detector.
Each timesharing switch is respectively equipped with a time-shared switch, the time-shared switch have an input terminal, an output end and
One controlled end, the input terminal are electrically connected to the secondary side coil, which is electrically connected the electricity accumulating unit, controlled end electricity
Property connects the processor.
It is electrically connected a check element between the input terminal and each secondary side coil of each time-shared switch, the check element
The shunt circuits RC are electrically connected between each secondary side coil.
The check element is a Schottky diode.
The time-shared switch is a PMOS transistors.
The flyback switch is a NMOS transistors.
It is electrically connected a divider between the sampling end and the ancillary coil of the converting unit of the primary side modulator.
It is electrically connected an electronic switch between the primary side modulator and the processor.
The processor is equipped with two acquisition ends and several cut controls end, which is electrically connected the primary side modulator
Sampling end and adjustable side respectively cut control end and are electrically connected each timesharing switch.
The processor is additionally provided with a communication port.
The communication port is electrically connected a voltage detector.
The processor changes resistance end equipped with one, this changes resistance end and is electrically connected the variable resistance switch.
The present invention separately discloses a kind of control method of active balancing module, is the active applied to above-mentioned series battery
Balance module, the control method include a supplement step, are to receive a supplement battery name by the processor of the active balancing module
Single, which has the electricity accumulating unit for requiring supplementation with electric power, be connected electricity accumulating unit listed by the supplement battery list with
Charge path between the secondary side coil of the converting unit makes the secondary side coil timesharing extremely should with constant current supplement electric power
Supplement electricity accumulating unit listed by battery list.
The processor is equipped with a communication port, and receives the supplement battery list by the communication port.
A detecting step is additionally comprised before the supplement step, is that each electricity accumulating unit and the conversion are connected by the processor timesharing
Charge path between each secondary side coil of unit, each secondary side coil timesharing of sorting are coupled to the electricity of the primary side modulator
Property feature, according to ranking results select an at least electricity accumulating unit be included in the supplement battery list.
The processor calculates the voltage value and the maximum value in such voltage value that the ancillary coil corresponds to each electricity accumulating unit
Difference value, by the difference value be more than a threshold value electricity accumulating unit be included in the supplement battery list.
The threshold value is the product of the maximum value and a percentage.
The electric current of the secondary side coil output of the supplement step is a supplemental current, the secondary side line of the detecting step
The electric current of circle output is a detecting current, which is less than or equal to the supplemental current.
On take off the active balancing module of series battery mainly by the primary side coil of the converting unit or ancillary coil
The process of all secondary side coils is connected using timesharing for the electrical signal of coupled secondary lateral coil, you can learns each electricity accumulating unit
Charged state, and export supplemental current to the unbalanced electricity accumulating unit of state of charge.Compared to existing module balance mode
It is only capable of a certain region (the multiple control modules of universe balance palpus) in regulating cell group, the application only needs one group of control circuit,
May achieve universe formula battery equilibrium, improve existing direction flyback converter (primary side adjusting) " primary side can not receive multigroup
The problems such as feedback signal " and " when for multi-coil control, easily cause magnetic saturation and induced coil is damaged ".Active balancing is taken off in addition,
The control method of module can utilize timesharing that all secondary side coils are connected, you can detect the electric power storage list of all secondary side coil connections
First state can further supplement electric power to electricity accumulating unit, and cpable of lowering power consumes.Whereby, it may achieve that " saving is arranged to
Originally ", " being conducive to volume production ", " avoiding cell voltage excessively high ", " reducing power consumption " and other effects.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention.
Fig. 2：The graph of relation of the output voltage and output current of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention.
Fig. 3：The circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention.
Fig. 4：The circuit diagram of the 3rd embodiment of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention.
Fig. 5：The circuit diagram of the fourth embodiment of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention.
Fig. 6：The output voltage relation curve of the different output current of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 7：The voltage curve of the sampling end of the primary side modulator of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 8：The voltage curve of the adjustable side of the primary side modulator of the active balancing module of the series battery of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 9：The flow diagram of the control method embodiment of the active balancing module of the present invention.
【Main element symbol description】
1 converting unit
11 primary side coil 12,12a, 12b secondary side coils
13 ancillary coil of 12c, 12d secondary side coil
2 flybacks switch
21 input terminal, 22 output end
23 controlled ends
3 primary side modulators
31 sampling end, 32 adjustable side
4,4a, 4b timesharing switch 4c, 4d timesharing switch
41 time-shared switch, 411 input terminal
412 output end, 413 controlled end
42 check elements
5 processors
51,51a, 51b capture end 52,52a, and 52b cuts control end
52c, 52d cut control 53 communication port of end
54 change resistance end
6 isolators
61 input terminal, 62 output end
7 voltage detectors
71 sense terminal, 72 management and control end
73 communication 74 indicator lights of port
8 variable resistance switch
81 variable resistance switch, 82 small resistance element
83 big resistance elements
C, C1, C2 electricity accumulating unit C3, C4 electricity accumulating unit
L1, L2 relation curve L3, L4 relation curve
M sample points
P power supplys
P1 positive terminal P2 negative pole ends
R current limiting element S1, S2 contacts
S3, S4 contact
T0 detects step T1 and supplements step
V feeder ear W electronic switches.
Specific implementation mode
For above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention can be clearer and more comprehensible, it is cited below particularly the present invention compared with
Good embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, it is described in detail below：
" a core multiwinding transformer " (one-core multi-winding described in full text of the present invention
Transformer), refer to transformer iron core can several secondary side coils around the home, each secondary side coil can be it is identical or different,
It is that persond having ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention is appreciated that.
Show refering to Figure 1, it is the circuit of the first embodiment of the active balancing module of series battery of the present invention
It is intended to.Wherein, which may include several concatenated electricity accumulating unit C, and supply direct current power by a power supply P.The master
Dynamic balancing module embodiments may include a converting unit 1, a flyback switch 2, a primary side modulator 3, several timesharing switch 4
An and processor 5.The converting unit 1 be electrically connected power supply P, flyback switch 2, primary side modulator 3, timesharing switch 4 and
Processor 5, each timesharing switch 4 are electrically connected between the converting unit 1 and each electricity accumulating unit C, which is electrically connected
Each timesharing switch 4.In this embodiment, which is electrically connected at a positive terminal P1 and a cathode of power supply P
Hold P2 between, the series battery be using four electricity accumulating unit C as state sample implementation illustrate, electricity accumulating unit C can for it is any with
Voltage form stores the element of energy, such as：Lithium (Lithium) polymer battery, plumbic acid (Lead Acid Battery) battery,
Ni-mh (Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery) battery or various capacitor (capacitor) etc., only not as
Limit.
Shown in Fig. 1, the converting unit 1 can be the core with ancillary coil (auxiliary coil) mostly around
Group transformer (one-core multi-winding transformer).The converting unit 1 can be equipped with a primary side coil
(primary side coil) 11 and several secondary side coils (secondary side coils) 12, the primary side coil 11
It is electrically connected between power supply P and flyback switch 2, each secondary side coil 12 is electrically connected each timesharing switch 4.The conversion list
Member 1 can also be equipped with an ancillary coil 13, and the ancillary coil 13 is identical as the polarity of each secondary side coil 12, to perceive each secondary
The operating state of lateral coil 12 is (such as：Electric current etc.), which can be electrically connected the primary side modulator 3.Implement herein
In example, there is the number of turns proportionate relationship, such as between the primary side coil 11 and secondary side coil 12 of the converting unit 1：The primary
The number of turns of lateral coil 11 can be the product of the number of turns and the number of the secondary side coil 12 of the secondary side coil 12, if the primary side
The number of turns of coil 12 is 10, the number of the secondary side coil 12 is 4, then the number of turns of the primary side coil 11 can be 40 (=10*
4), which can be opposite or identical with secondary side coil 12, the polarity of ancillary coil 13, in addition, herein only with four
A secondary side coil 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d illustrate as state sample implementation, the turn ratio of each secondary side coil 12 can between 1 ±
0.1 range, is only not limited.
Shown in Fig. 1, which can be existing electronic switch, such as：Bipolar transistor (BJT), metal
Oxide semiconductor transistor (MOS transistor) etc., the flyback switch 2 are electrically connected the primary side line of the converting unit 1
Circle 11 and the primary side modulator 3 make the flyback switch 2 collectively form a flyback (fly-back) conversion with converting unit 1
Device.In this embodiment, which can be a NMOS transistors, which exports with an input terminal 21, one
End 22 and a controlled end 23, the input terminal 21 are electrically connected the primary side coil 11 of the converting unit 1；The output end 22 can be electrical
A current limiting element R (such as existing fixed resistor) is connected to a ground terminal, the electric current to avoid the flyback switch 2 is excessively high and damages
It is bad；The controlled end 23 can be electrically connected the primary side modulator 3, only be not limited.
Shown in Fig. 1, which can be existing with primary side regulatory function (primary
Side regulation) controller, the primary side modulator 3 have a sampling end 31 and an adjustable side 32, the sampling end 31
The primary side coil 11 or ancillary coil 13 of the converting unit 1 can be electrically connected, to input be originated from the primary side coil 11 or
The sampling voltage (sampling voltage) of ancillary coil 13, such as：Analog signal with an at least sample point；The adjustable side
32 are electrically connected the flyback switch 2, to export Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal of the corresponding sampling voltage, are returned as this is adjusted
Speed switch 2 switching frequency foundation, such as：Utilize the frequency (frequency) or work period (duty of pulse width modulation signal
Cycle), so that the primary side modulator 3, flyback switch 2 and converting unit 1 is collectively formed and adjust (primary with primary side
Side regulation) function flyback framework, " the primary side of existing direction flyback converter (primary side adjusting) can be improved
Multigroup feedback signal can not be received " and the problems such as " when for multi-coil control, easily cause magnetic saturation and induced coil is damaged ".Herein
In embodiment, which illustrated using the UCC28700 controllers of Texas Instruments (TI) as state sample implementation,
Only it is not limited；Can electrically it connect between the sampling end 31 of the primary side modulator 3 and the ancillary coil 13 of the converting unit 1
Connect a divider (voltage divider, such as：Formed with two resistor in series), so that the electric current of the ancillary coil 13 is turned
For appropriate voltage, voltage sampling is carried out for the sampling end 21；In addition, can be electrically connected between the primary side modulator 3 and processor 5
One electronic switch W (such as relay, Relay), electronic switch W can be electrically connected a feeder ear V (such as：+ 12V), in order to this
When series battery starts to charge up, starts the primary side modulator 3 immediately, be only not limited.
Shown in Fig. 1, each timesharing switch 4 is electrically connected at several secondary side coils 12 of the converting unit 1
Between several electricity accumulating unit C, to switch the connection status of the corresponding electricity accumulating unit C of each secondary side coil 12.
It is to be illustrated using four timesharing switch 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d as state sample implementation, each timesharing switch 4 is equipped with one in this embodiment
Time-shared switch 41, the time-shared switch 41 be electrically connected at each secondary side coil 12 of the converting unit 1 and each electricity accumulating unit C it
Between, to switch the connection status for the electricity accumulating unit C that each secondary side coil 12 is correspondingly connected with it, which can be
PMOS transistors, the time-shared switch 41 have an input terminal 411, an output end 412 and a controlled end 413, which can
It is electrically connected to the secondary side coil 12, a check element 42 can be electrically connected between each secondary side coil 12 and input terminal 411,
Such as：Schottky diode (schottky barrier diode) etc., can between the check element 42 and each secondary side coil 12
The shunt circuits RC are electrically connected, which can be electrically connected electricity accumulating unit C, which can be via a contact
It is electrically connected the processor 5, in addition, can be equipped with to have between the processor 5 and controlled end 413 and electrically isolate and the electricity of voltage regulation function
5 output voltage of processor can be adjusted to the applicable range of the controlled end 413 by subcomponent, and reduce the processor 5 with it is controlled
Electrical interference between end 413, is only not limited.
Shown in Fig. 1, which can be the element with signal processing function, such as：Microcontroller (MCU),
Digital System Processor (DSP) or specific function integrated circuit (ASIC) etc., the processor 5 can be equipped with two and capture ends 51 and several
Control end 52 is cut, which can be electrically connected the sampling end 31 of the primary side modulator 3, adjustable side 32, to obtain
The electrical signals at sample end 31, adjustable side 32 respectively cut the time-shared switch 41 that control end 52 is electrically connected each timesharing switch 4；In addition, at this
5 inside of reason device can store a control formula and parameter data (such as：The voltage of the battery and relation table of electric current, curve or equation
Deng), to execute a battery equilibrium keyholed back plate operation, the signal which can input according to the acquisition end 51, such as：Pulsewidth tune
Become (PWM) signal or the analog signal etc. with an at least sample point, 52 output signal of end (such as PWM signals) timesharing is controlled in respectively cutting
(Time Division) controls the on off state of each time-shared switch 41, the charged state of further each electricity accumulating unit C of keyholed back plate.Also,
The processor 5 can be additionally provided with a communication port (communication port) 53, be communicated with extraneous for the processor 5, and then
The charging situation for knowing each electricity accumulating unit C, is only not limited.In this embodiment, the processor 5 be with capture end 51a,
The sampling end 31, adjustable side 32 is electrically connected in 51b, and cuts control end 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d using four and said as state sample implementation
It is bright, only it is not limited；Wherein, this is cut control end 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d and built-in can electrically isolate and voltage regulation function, this cuts control
Hold 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d that can connect each controlled end 413 via contact S1, S2, S3, S4 respectively, to control the electricity accumulating unit
The charged state of C1, C2, C3, C4, are only not limited.
Active balancing module above-described embodiment of series battery of the present invention in actual use, as shown in Figure 1, the series electrical
Electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4 of pond group can be connected in series between the positive terminal P1 and negative pole end P2 of power supply P, to utilize
A charging current of power supply P charges to the electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4.In charging process, the processor 5 can timesharing cut
Change the conducting state of the time-shared switch 41 of each timesharing switch 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d (such as：Turn-on sequence is),
Each exportable constant current of secondary side coil 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d charges to each electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4, the constant current
The work period of the pulse width modulation signal exported with the adjustable side 32 of the primary side modulator 3 is in proportionate relationship, such as：When to resistance to
When the battery of pressure 3 volts (V) is charged with 2 amperes (A), which is adjusted to 30%；When to 2 volts of battery of pressure resistance with 2
When ampere charging, which is adjusted to 20%, is only not limited.
Simultaneously as the output power (P=I × V) and constant current (I) of each secondary side coil 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, because
This, the processor 5 each secondary side coil 12 can be utilized to be coupled to the signal of ancillary coil 13 (i.e. the primary side modulator 3 takes
The signal that sample end 31 inputs), energy is released using the converting unit 1 and starts the voltage value before oscillation as electricity accumulating unit C
Voltage value.Alternatively, the ratios such as pulse width modulation signal that the processor 5 is exported using the adjustable side 32 of the primary side modulator 3
Convert the voltage (V) of each electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4, to detect the charged state of each electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4, example
Such as：It is a linear equation (y=ax+ that the voltage value of the predeterminable each electricity accumulating unit of the processor 5, which is formula with the pass of the work period,
B), x is the work period, and a is adjusting parameter, and b is deviant, if a, x, b are respectively 1/10,30,0, y be 3 volt (1/10
× 30+0), it is 3 volts (10 × 30%+0) to maintain y if only x is expressed as 30%, a and must be changed to 10；Wherein, if needing
The parameter of the linear equation is worked out, then can actually measure the work period of the voltage value and the adjustable side 32 of electricity accumulating unit C
Depending on, such as：The voltage value be 3 volts when, the work period be 30% (y=30a+b), and the voltage value be 2 volts when, should
Work period is 20% (y=20a+b), then understands that a, b of the linear equation are respectively 1/10,0, charge to calculated for subsequent
Voltage value in the process, is only not limited.
Wherein, if having any electricity accumulating unit C (such as：C2 state of charge (SoC)) is uneven, then the processor 5 can be via
It is conducting (ON) state that contact S2, which switches timesharing switch 4b, and secondary side coil 12b is enabled additionally to export a supplemental current extremely
Electricity accumulating unit C2, to be charged jointly to electricity accumulating unit C2 using the supplemental current and charging current, to accelerate to supplement the electric power storage
The quantity of electric charge of unit C2, until its state of charge balances (as shown in the L1 of Fig. 2), you can switching timesharing switch 4b is
Block (OFF) state.The rest may be inferred, if there is the unbalanced electricity accumulating unit C of any state of charge (as shown in the L2 of Fig. 2), you can
Accelerate to supplement its charge volume by aforesaid way, the state of charge of electricity accumulating unit C is made to balance.Also, due to the secondary side coil
12 output voltage is fixed for electric current, can be charged as electricity accumulating unit C by the voltage that the processor 5 is set, and the constant current
Relationship estimates cell degradation situation for the processor 5.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 3, is that the circuit of the second embodiment of the active balancing module of series battery of the present invention shows
It is intended to.Wherein, compared to first embodiment, which additionally comprises several isolators 6, and each isolator 6 is electrically connected at
Between the controlled end 413 of the time-shared switch 41 for respectively cutting control end 52 and each timesharing switch 4 of the processor 5, this point is isolated
Transmission noise between Shi Kaiguan 41 and processor 5 avoids electricity accumulating unit C from being interfered and damaged by noise in charging process.
In this embodiment, it is to be illustrated using four isolators 6 as state sample implementation, each isolator 6 can be a photo-coupler (photo
Coupler), only it is not limited；Wherein, each isolator 6 has an input terminal 61 and an output end 62,61 electricity of each input terminal
Property connection respectively cut control end 52, each output end 62 is electrically connected each controlled end 413, switches with each timesharing so that the processor 5 is isolated
Electric stray signal between device 4, and the processor 5 output is can adjust to the voltage of controlled end 413, only it is not limited.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 4, is that the circuit of the 3rd embodiment of the active balancing module of series battery of the present invention shows
It is intended to.Wherein, compared to first embodiment, which is also provided with a voltage detector 7, the voltage detector 7
Port (communication port) 73 is communicated equipped with several sense terminals 71, several management and control ends 72 and one, each sense terminal 71 can electricity
Property each electricity accumulating unit C of connection, to detect the charged state of each electricity accumulating unit C；Each management and control end 72 is electrically connected each timesharing switching
The time-shared switch 41 of device 4 controls the time-shared switch 41 to substitute the processor 5；The communication port 73 can be electrically connected the processing
The communication port 53 of device 5 is mutually communicated for the voltage detector 7 and processor 5；Also, the voltage detector 7 is also provided with a finger
Show lamp 74, to indicate the working condition of the voltage detector 7, such as：Whether output signal, which takes over the timesharing, at the management and control end 72 is opened
Close 41 on off state.In this embodiment, which can be used the LTC6804 of Linear Techn Inc. (LINEAR)
Controller is only not limited.In detail, since the series voltage of series battery is quite high, such as in battery charging process
In, it is careless slightly or have noise, it is possible to that 3 failure of the processor 5 or primary side modulator can be made, and causes the electricity accumulating unit
C runnings are abnormal or damage, therefore, to avoid this from one happening, can spare controller be used as by the voltage detector 7, and by this
Sense terminal 71 detects the charged state of each electricity accumulating unit C, when abnormal in order to electricity accumulating unit C runnings, will detect situation immediately
It is sent to the processor 5, after which analyzes the detecting situation, control command is can transmit to the voltage detector 7, makes this
Voltage detector 7 by each electricity accumulating unit C of 72 management and control of management and control end charging process, meanwhile, can correlation be reminded by the indicator light 74
Personnel are detected, and expand to prevent damage range.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 5, is that the circuit of the fourth embodiment of the active balancing module of series battery of the present invention shows
It is intended to.Wherein, compared to first embodiment, which is also provided with a variable resistance switch 8, the variable resistance switch 8
It is electrically connected at one set by the flyback switch 2 and the processor 5 and changes resistance end 54, to adjust output to electricity accumulating unit C's
Charging current, to use large current charge to the electricity accumulating unit C for requiring supplementation with charge capacity, detecting wheel when separately utilizing low current
Flow the state of each electricity accumulating unit C.In this embodiment, the variable resistance switch 8 can be equipped with a variable resistance switch 81 (can for solenoid valve,
Bipolar transistor or metal oxide semiconductor transistor etc., are only not limited), a small resistance element 82 and a big resistance member
Part 83, the variable resistance switch 81 are electrically connected the flyback switch 2 and processor 5, and the small resistance element 82 and big resistance element 83 electrically connect
It is connected between the variable resistance switch 81 and the ground terminal, is only not limited.Illustrate its occupation mode below.
For example, referring again to shown in Fig. 5, by taking timesharing switch 4a is connected in the processor 5 as an example, when the timesharing is cut
When parallel operation 4a conductings, the exportable constant currents of secondary side coil 12a charge to electricity accumulating unit C1, meanwhile, which can obtain
The charging voltage of electricity accumulating unit C1 is known, as aforementioned.It is worth noting that, when having between the flyback switch 2 and ground terminal
When low resistance, the fixed high current of the exportable electric currents of secondary side coil 12a (L3 as shown in FIG. 6), extremely to quick charge
Electricity accumulating unit C1.Conversely, when having big resistance between the flyback switch 2 and ground terminal, secondary side coil 12a is exportable
The fixed low current of electric current (L4 as shown in FIG. 6), meanwhile, secondary side coil 12a is coupled to produced by the ancillary coil 13
One partial pressure signal (as shown in Figure 7), can be input to the sampling end 31 of the primary side modulator 3, and the tune of the primary side modulator 3
It saves end 32 exportable one and adjusts signal (as shown in Figure 8), which calculates the storage using the adjusting signal and partial pressure signal
The voltage value of electric unit C1；Wherein, since the electric current exported to electricity accumulating unit C1 is low current (constant current) state, make the storage
The charge volume of electric unit C1 is slowly increased, and can reduce charge volume error of the processor 5 in calculating process, therefore, the storage
The charge volume of electric unit C1 is more accurate.The rest may be inferred, can be after learning the electricity accumulating unit C that need to supplement charge, you can for storage
Electric unit C chargings, and (such as no more than its pressure voltage：5 volts), the overtension that can avoid the battery unit causes electricity accumulating unit
Damage.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 9, is the flow diagram of the control method embodiment of the active balancing module of the present invention.Its
In, which includes a supplement step T1, is to receive a supplement battery list, the supplement battery by the processor
List has the electricity accumulating unit for requiring supplementation with electric power, and time of the electricity accumulating unit listed by the supplement battery list with the converting unit is connected
Charge path between grade lateral coil makes the secondary side coil timesharing supplement electric power to the electricity accumulating unit with a constant current.Herein
In embodiment, shown in Fig. 1, which can be obtained the supplement battery list, supplement electricity by the communication port 53
Pond list can be produced by the device (voltage detector 7 as shown in Figure 4) or instrument (such as ammeter) of the active balancing module-external
Raw, the electricity accumulating unit quantity in the supplement battery list can be one or several, if only there are one store in the supplement battery list
Electric unit C is (such as：C1), then the processor 5 can send out signal to timesharing switch 4a, make electricity accumulating unit C1 and the conversion list
Charge path conducting between member 1, enables the secondary side coil 12a of the converting unit 1 supplement electric power to electricity accumulating unit C1；If should
There are several electricity accumulating unit C (such as in supplement battery list：C2, C3, C4), then the processor 5 can adopt time division multiplexing (TDM) mode wheel
Signal is streamed out to the timesharing switch 4b, 4c, 4d, makes the charging between electricity accumulating unit C2, C3, C4 and the converting unit 1
Path is connected in turn, enables secondary side coil 12b, 12c, 12d timesharing of the converting unit 1 maintain constant current, to supplement electric power extremely
The electricity accumulating unit C2, C3, C4, and one section of prolongation is maintained respectively, the constant current of the supplement electric power is preferred with high current, with profit
Quick charge only can also use low current charge, be not limited thereto；Such as：C2 large current charges (1 second)High current is filled
Electric (1 second)Large current charge (1 second), alternatively, C1 low currents (1 second)Large current charge (1 second)High current is filled
Electric (1 second)Large current charge (1 second), is only not limited.
Shown in Fig. 9, the control method embodiment of active balancing module of the invention is carrying out the supplement step
Before T1, a detecting step T0 can be also first carried out, is that each of each electricity accumulating unit and the converting unit is connected by the processor timesharing
Charge path between secondary side coil, each secondary side coil timesharing of sorting are coupled to the electrical property feature of the primary side modulator,
An at least electricity accumulating unit is selected to be included in above-mentioned supplement battery list according to ranking results.In this embodiment, also referring to Fig. 5
Shown, in supplement step T1, the electric current of secondary side coil output is a supplemental current, should in detecting step T0
The electric current of secondary side coil output is a detecting current, which is preferred less than or equal to the supplemental current；Wherein, at this
Reason device 5 can first send out signal to the variable resistance switch 8, so that the variable resistance switch 8 is switched to the big resistance suitable for measuring, so as to each
Electricity accumulating unit C keeps low current as use is measured, and only can also measure, be not limited thereto when high current；Such as：It should
Processor 5 can send out signal to the timesharing switch 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in turn, make each electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4 and this turn
The charge path changed between each secondary side coil 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d of unit 1 is connected in turn, such as：C1 small current measurementsSmall current measurementSmall current measurementSmall current measurement enables each secondary side coil 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d take turns
Stream is coupled in the ancillary coil 13, which can generate the ancillary coil 13 by capturing end 51a in the specific period time
Partial pressure signal sampling generate a sample point M (as shown in Figure 7), wait for being ranked up (such as such voltage value：Using quicksort
Method or bubble sorting etc.) after, you can learn that the ancillary coil 13 couples the voltage of each secondary side coil 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d
Value, such voltage value can correspond to the charging situation of each electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4, generate the supplement battery list according to this, and
Monitor whether the voltage of each electricity accumulating unit C is more than its pressure voltage, is to illustrate listed electric power storage in the supplement battery list below
The selection mode of unit, is only not limited.
For example, as shown in the 1st and 9 figures, which can also calculate the ancillary coil 13 and correspond to each electricity accumulating unit C
Voltage value and such voltage value in maximum value difference value, if the difference value belonging to any electricity accumulating unit C is more than a threshold
Electricity accumulating unit C belonging to the difference value, then can be included in the supplement battery list, which can be the maximum value and 100 by value
Divide than (such as：≤ 20%) product, if the corresponding sample point M voltages of electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4 are respectively 3 (maximum
Value), 1.5,2,2.5, then the threshold value can be 3*20%=0.6, the then difference of electricity accumulating unit C1, C2, C3, C4 and maximum value
Respectively 0,1.5 (>0.6)、1(>0.6), 0.5, also that is, the electricity accumulating unit C2, C3 need to be included in the supplement battery list.It
Afterwards, then above-mentioned supplement step T1 is carried out, which is received by the processor 5, which, which has, needs
Electricity accumulating unit C2, C3 of electricity are supplemented, which can be connected the charging circuit between electricity accumulating unit C2, C3 and the converting unit 1
Diameter makes the converting unit 1 supplement electric power to the electricity accumulating unit C2, C3, such as：C2 large current charges (1 second)Large current charge
(1 second), alternatively, C1 small current measurements (1 second)Large current charge (1 second)Large current charge (1 second)Low current
It measures (1 second), is only not limited.Later, it can repeat and carry out detecting step T0, respectively be stored with monitoring in the series battery
Whether electric unit C needs additionally to supplement whether electric power or its voltage value are more than its pressure voltage.Wherein, when each electricity accumulating unit C need to be by
When the active balancing module supplements electric power, the supplement battery list need to be just generated, is otherwise not necessarily to carrying out supplement step T1
The supplement battery list is generated, supplement step T1 need not be also carried out.
By the technological means preceding taken off, the main feature of active balancing module above-described embodiment of series battery of the present invention
It is listed below：The active balancing module of the series battery includes the converting unit, flyback switch, primary side modulator, timesharing
Switch and processor, the converting unit are equipped with a primary side coil, several secondary side coils and an ancillary coil, the auxiliary line
Circle is identical as the polarity of each secondary side coil；Flyback switch is electrically connected the primary side coil of the converting unit；The primary side
There is modulator a sampling end and an adjustable side, the sampling end to be electrically connected the ancillary coil of the converting unit, adjustable side electricity
Property connect the flyback switch；The timesharing switch is electrically connected at the several secondary side coils and a series-connected cell of the converting unit
Between several electricity accumulating units of group；The processor is electrically connected the timesharing switch and the primary side modulator.
Whereby, the ancillary coil of the converting unit of active balancing module above-described embodiment of series battery of the present invention can coupling
The voltage for closing secondary side coil, utilizes the process that all secondary side coils are connected in turn, you can export the supplemental current to charge
The unbalanced electricity accumulating unit of state.A certain region (the universe being only capable of compared to existing module balance mode in regulating cell group
The multiple control modules of balance palpus), the application only needs one group of control circuit, you can reaches universe formula battery equilibrium, can save and set
It is set to this, is conducive to volume production.
Also, the control method embodiment of the active balancing module of the present invention utilizes is connected all secondary side coils in turn, i.e.,
The electricity accumulating unit state that all secondary side coil connections can be detected can further supplement electric power to electricity accumulating unit, and each storage of estimation
The aging conditions of electric unit, the electric current during detecting are low current (constant current) state, and the electric current in charging process is big electricity
Stream (but its voltage value is no more than its pressure voltage) can avoid the overtension of the electricity accumulating unit, and also cpable of lowering power consumes.
Also, the primary side modulator of active balancing module above-described embodiment of series battery of the present invention, flyback switch and
Converting unit can collectively form the flyback framework with primary side regulatory function, and it is (secondary can to improve existing direction flyback converter
Side is adjusted) " primary side can not receive multigroup feedback signal " and " when for multi-coil control, easily cause magnetic saturation and induced coil
Damage " the problems such as.
In conclusion active balancing module above-described embodiment of series battery of the present invention, except existing flyback can be improved
" primary side can not receive multigroup feedback signal " of converter (primary side adjusting) and " when for multi-coil control, easily cause magnetic
Saturation and induced coil is damaged " the problems such as, more may achieve " save setup cost ", " easy volume production ", " avoid that cell voltage is excessively high, " drop
Low power consumption " and other effects.
Claims (26)
1. a kind of active balancing module of series battery, which is characterized in that including：
One converting unit, if there are one primary side coil, several secondary side coils and an ancillary coil, the ancillary coil
Polarity is identical as the polarity of each secondary side coil；
One flyback switch, is electrically connected the primary side coil of the converting unit；
One primary side modulator is electrically connected the converting unit and flyback switch, the primary side modulator, flyback switch
And the converting unit collectively forms the flyback framework with primary side regulatory function；
Several timesharing switch are electrically connected at the several of several secondary side coils of the converting unit and series battery
Between electricity accumulating unit；And
One processor, is electrically connected the timesharing switch and the primary side modulator, the processor switch each point to timesharing
When switch conducting state, so that each secondary side coil timesharing is exported a constant current to each electricity accumulating unit, and by the primary side
Modulator timesharing obtains a reference signal, to estimate the charge volume of each electricity accumulating unit.
2. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The primary side regulates and controls utensil
There are one sampling ends and an adjustable side, the sampling end to be electrically connected the primary side coil of the converting unit, and the adjustable side is electrical
Connect flyback switch.
3. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The primary side regulates and controls utensil
There are one sampling ends and an adjustable side, the sampling end to be electrically connected the ancillary coil of the converting unit, which electrically connects
Connect flyback switch.
4. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The processor is by this
The adjustable side timesharing of primary side modulator obtains a pulse width modulation signal, and the work period etc. according to the pulse width modulation signal
Than the voltage value for each electricity accumulating unit that converts.
5. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It include separately a current limliting member
Part, the current limiting element are electrically connected between flyback switch and a ground terminal.
6. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Separately cut including a variable resistance
Parallel operation, the variable resistance switch are electrically connected at flyback switch and the processor.
7. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The variable resistance switch is equipped with
One variable resistance switch, a small resistance element and a big resistance element, variable resistance switch are electrically connected flyback switch and the processing
Device, the small resistance element and the big resistance element are electrically connected variable resistance switch.
8. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Include separately several isolation
Device, each isolator are electrically connected between the processor and each timesharing switch.
9. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The isolator is a light
Coupler.
10. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Include separately a voltage
Detector, the voltage detector are equipped with several sense terminals, several management and control ends and a communication port, each sense terminal and are electrically connected each storage
Electric unit, each management and control end are electrically connected each timesharing switch, which is electrically connected the processor.
11. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 10, it is characterised in that：The voltage detector is set
There are one indicator lights, to indicate the working condition of the voltage detector.
12. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each timesharing switch point
It does not set there are one time-shared switch, there are one input terminal, an output end and a controlled end, input terminal electricity for time-shared switch tool
Property is connected to the secondary side coil, which is electrically connected the electricity accumulating unit, which is electrically connected the processor.
13. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 12, it is characterised in that：Each time-shared switch it is defeated
Enter and be electrically connected a check element between end and each secondary side coil, electrically connects between the check element and each secondary side coil
Connect a shunt circuit RC.
14. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 13, it is characterised in that：The check element is one
A Schottky diode.
15. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 12, it is characterised in that：The time-shared switch is one
A PMOS transistors.
16. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Flyback switch is one
A NMOS transistors.
17. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The primary side modulator
Sampling end and the ancillary coil of the converting unit between be electrically connected a divider.
18. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The primary side modulator
An electronic switch is electrically connected between the processor.
19. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The processor is equipped with
Two acquisition ends and several cut control end, this two capture sampling end and the adjustable side that ends are electrically connected the primary side modulator, respectively
It cuts control end and is electrically connected each timesharing switch.
20. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The processor is equipped with one
A communication port.
21. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 20, it is characterised in that：The communication port electrically connects
Connect a voltage detector.
22. the active balancing module of series battery according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The processor is equipped with one
A to change resistance end, this changes resistance end and is electrically connected the variable resistance switch.
23. a kind of control method of active balancing module is applied to the active balancing of series battery as described in claim 1
Module, it is characterised in that：The control method includes a supplement step, is to receive one by the processor of the active balancing module
Battery list is supplemented, which has the electricity accumulating unit for requiring supplementation with electric power, includes separately one before the supplement step
Step is detected, is the charging circuit be connected by the processor timesharing between each electricity accumulating unit and each secondary side coil of the converting unit
Diameter, each secondary side coil timesharing of sorting are coupled to the electrical property feature of the primary side modulator, and at least one is selected according to ranking results
A electricity accumulating unit is included in the supplement battery list, the processor calculate the ancillary coil correspond to the voltage value of each electricity accumulating unit with it is each
The difference value of maximum value in the voltage value of the electricity accumulating unit, the electricity accumulating unit which is more than to a threshold value are included in this
Battery list is supplemented, the charging between electricity accumulating unit and the secondary side coil of the converting unit listed by the supplement battery list is connected
Path makes the secondary side coil timesharing supplement electricity accumulating unit listed by electric power to the supplement battery list with a constant current.
24. the control method of active balancing module according to claim 23, it is characterised in that：There are one the processor is set
Communication port, and the supplement battery list is received by the communication port.
25. the control method of active balancing module according to claim 23, it is characterised in that：The threshold value is the maximum
The product of value and a percentage.
26. the control method of active balancing module according to claim 23, it is characterised in that：The secondary of the supplement step
The electric current of lateral coil output is a supplemental current, and the electric current of the secondary side coil output of the detecting step is a detecting electricity
Stream, the detecting current are less than or equal to the supplemental current.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW103134629A TWI581543B (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2014-10-03 | Active balancing module for a series battery and control method thereof |
| TW103134629 | 2014-10-03 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105591411A CN105591411A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| CN105591411B true CN105591411B (en) | 2018-10-12 |
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| CN201410557173.3A Expired - Fee Related CN105591411B (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2014-10-20 | Active balancing module of series battery pack and control method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN105591411B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI581543B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106712236A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-24 | 秦永振 | Single transformer double-circuit type output converter |
| CN108482165A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-04 | 常州信息职业技术学院 | A method of reducing New-energy electric vehicle battery-heating amount |
| TWI683212B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-01-21 | 力歐新能源股份有限公司 | Lithium ion battery all-round safety monitoring system and method |
| TWI732653B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-07-01 | 低碳動能開發股份有限公司 | Intelligent rescue battery and detection and control method of the intelligent rescue battery |
| TWI792793B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2023-02-11 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Battery cell balance circuit and method of operating the same |
| US20230048191A1 (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2023-02-16 | Delta Electronics, Inc. | Battery cell balance circuit and method of operating the same |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204167947U (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2015-02-18 | 辉创电子股份有限公司 | Active balancing module of series battery pack |
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| US6873134B2 (en) * | 2003-07-21 | 2005-03-29 | The Boeing Company | Autonomous battery cell balancing system with integrated voltage monitoring |
| CN2652036Y (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2004-10-27 | 尼克森微电子股份有限公司 | Synchronous rectifying control circuit of reversal power supply |
| JP3795499B2 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2006-07-12 | 富士重工業株式会社 | Voltage equalization device for storage element |
| TWI260807B (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2006-08-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Equalizer for series of connected battery strings |
| US8148942B2 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2012-04-03 | O2Micro International Limited | Charging systems with cell balancing functions |
| TW201340545A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-10-01 | Univ Southern Taiwan Tech | Bidirectional flyback and active battery balancing circuit |
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2014
- 2014-10-03 TW TW103134629A patent/TWI581543B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| CN204167947U (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2015-02-18 | 辉创电子股份有限公司 | Active balancing module of series battery pack |
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| TWI581543B (en) | 2017-05-01 |
| CN105591411A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| TW201614926A (en) | 2016-04-16 |
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