CN105590014B - A kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing determines method - Google Patents
A kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing determines method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105590014B CN105590014B CN201410564786.XA CN201410564786A CN105590014B CN 105590014 B CN105590014 B CN 105590014B CN 201410564786 A CN201410564786 A CN 201410564786A CN 105590014 B CN105590014 B CN 105590014B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealings to determine method, includes the following steps：The first step, to lower leaf：The scene of a fire is separated from top to bottom according to 0,1,2...N successively；Second step successively decomposes：Lower floor is the further decomposition to corresponding last layer cellular, and each lower floor is decomposed into several cellulars, these cellulars calculate the development trend of the cellular according to the fire behavior the development factor of this layer, which includes：Developing direction θ, the intensity γ of development and firewire μ；3rd step calculates sprawling：Since n-th layer, the development trend that each layer of cellular each calculates is aggregated to form to the development trend of corresponding last layer cellular, until the 0th layer, calculate 0 layer of corresponding firewire spreading range by cellular assembly algorithms.The present invention is using multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm, and effectively to predict the development of fire behavior, plan ahead deployment, and control fire behavior as early as possible avoids its deterioration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealings to determine method, belongs to forest fire intelligent predicting and control technology
Field.
Background technology
Forest fire not only causes huge loss to the country and people's property, but also destroys the ecosystem, reduces soil
Fertile degree causes the natural calamities such as soil erosion, mud-rock flow.When finding fire, control fire behavior as early as possible avoids its deterioration, just
The development of scientific and effective prediction fire behavior is needed, plan ahead deployment, effectively to control fire behavior.Since forest fire is deposited
In timeliness, spatiality core randomness, therefore, it is necessary to carry out intelligent predicting to forest-fire climate, temperature with reference to fire behavior spot,
The factors such as humidity, wind speed, wind direction, topography and geomorphology carry out forest fire appealing analysis.
Existing forest fire appealing determines that method is considered the scene of a fire as an entirety, using single computational methods,
The different environment in the scene of a fire and element are had ignored, the reference significance for causing result of calculation is little, loses sprawling and analyzes due analysis
Supporting role needs to improve.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：In view of the above problems, for the sprawling of existing fire behavior is overcome to determine method by the scene of a fire
It is considered as an entirety and causes the limitation to decision commanding, a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing side of determining is provided
Method improves practicability and accuracy that fire behavior sprawling determines method, effectively solves existing fire behavior sprawling and determines existing for method
Above-mentioned technical problem.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：The present invention provides a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing sides of determining
The scene of a fire is separated into multilayer by method as needed first, and lower floor is the further decomposition to upper strata cellular, according to the precision of calculating,
The certain number of plies of scene of a fire division of different sizes；Each layer is divided into multiple cellulars, these cellulars develop according to the fire behavior of this layer
The factor calculates the development trend in cellular future；When calculating sprawling, the cellular of lowermost layer each calculates the development of each cellular
Then trend is aggregated to form the development trend of the corresponding cellular of last layer；It is repeated the above process again in last layer, until the 0th layer, just
Corresponding firewire spreading range can be calculated, makes corresponding strategy of putting out a fire to save life and property accordingly.
It specifically comprises the following steps：
The first step, to lower leaf：The scene of a fire is separated from top to bottom according to 0,1,2 ... N successively；
Second step successively decomposes：Lower floor is the further decomposition to corresponding last layer cellular, if each lower floor is decomposed into
Dry cellular, these cellulars calculate the development trend of the cellular according to the fire behavior the development factor of this layer, which includes：Hair
Open up direction θ, the intensity γ of development and firewire μ；
3rd step calculates sprawling：Since n-th layer, the development trend that each layer of cellular each calculates is aggregated to form phase
The development trend of last layer cellular is answered, until the 0th layer, the method for determining is converged by cellular and calculates 0 layer of corresponding firewire sprawling model
It encloses.
Multilayer cellular forest fire appealing of the present invention determines method, and in second step, lower floor's cellular is basic with circle
Shape divides corresponding last layer cellular from geometrical plane, and circular sideline is carried out with last layer cellular peripheral shape
Projection cutting；Lower floor's cellular carries out the sum of all standing, lower floor's cell density to the division of corresponding last layer cellular geometry level：On
The sum of layer cell density >=1.1.
Multilayer cellular forest fire appealing of the present invention determines method, in the third step, 0 layer of the entire scene of a fire is regarded one
A cellular processing, is defined as ψ, a height of H of Ψ, width W；ψ is divided into X sub- cellulars, forms the 1st layer；Then according to following
Method calculate sprawling：
1st, it is respectively the rectangle of 1/4X for length and width by ψ points, is laterally encoded with Arabic numerals, vertically with English alphabet
It is encoded, each rectangle corresponds to an individually coding；
2nd, for each rectangle, using the diagonal crosspoint o points of the rectangle as the center of circle, using diagonal as diameter, draw
Circular R；
3rd, circular R and ψ are projected, takes intersection, obtain a cellular of this layer；To the layer, other rectangles are formed
Cellular be fitted, formed 1 layer of cellular of ψ；
4th, the step more than repeating decomposites each cellular come by the 1st layer and is decomposed downwards by steps 1 and 2,3,
Form the 2nd layer；
5th, after layer division is completed, corresponding fire behavior the development factor is specified for each layer, cellular meter is carried out from n-th layer
It calculates, exports the result quantities of each three development trend of layer：That is developing direction θ develops intensity γ and firewire μ；Due to influencing fire
The factor of behavior is numerous, is calculating some local time of the scene of a fire, it is only necessary to part factor, it will progressively so calculating fire behavior the development factor
It brings into layer, is calculated by the cellular of this layer；And the factor is assigned to which layer passes through specific parameter configuration；
6th, calculation is spread using wind direction, is calculated according to the wind direction parameter of front-end collection in 0 layer：The value of developing direction θ,
Develop the value of intensity γ, the value of firewire μ determines the curve that cellular radius is formed after outwards extending.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention determines method using multilayer cellular forest fire appealing,
The scene of a fire is separated into multilayer as needed, lower floor is the further decomposition to upper strata cellular, and each layer is divided into multiple cellulars, this
A little cellulars calculate the development trend in cellular future according to the fire behavior the development factor of this layer；When calculating sprawling, the member of lowermost layer
Born of the same parents each calculate the development trend of each cellular, are then aggregated to form the development trend of the corresponding cellular of last layer；In last layer
It repeats the above process, until the 0th layer, corresponding firewire spreading range is calculated, makes corresponding strategy of putting out a fire to save life and property accordingly；With effective
Predict the development of fire behavior, plan ahead deployment, and control fire behavior as early as possible avoids its deterioration.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the model schematic that forest fire appealing of the present invention determines method；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that cellular of the present invention division determines procedure；
Fig. 3 is divided into model schematic for levels cellular of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that cellular of the present invention determines method model；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the firewire of a certain layer lower floor cellular and this layer of last layer cellular firewire in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The technology of the present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1：A kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing determines that method is as follows：
First, the scene of a fire being separated into multilayer as needed, lower floor is the further decomposition to upper strata cellular, therefore, according to
The precision of calculating, the scene of a fire are of different sizes to be divided into the different numbers of plies.Each layer is divided into multiple cellulars, these cellulars are according to this
One layer of fire behavior the development factor calculates the development trend in cellular future.Development trend includes three aspects, when developing direction,
It is represented with θ；Second is that the intensity of development, is represented with γ；Third, firewire, is represented with μ.
Wherein：Fire behavior the development factor includes the burning bed depth of combustible, dead combustible forest fires extinguish moisture content, flammable
Object carrying capacity, surface-to-volume ratio, moisture content, the gradient, slope aspect, wind speed and direction etc..
This definite method is by the scene of a fire to lower leaf, and every layer is decomposed into multiple cellulars, and each cellular is injected according to different layers
The factor is calculated and cellular determines method output quantity.For the calculative scene of a fire, from geometry meaning, by the scene of a fire two
Figure is tieed up, the precision calculated as required is decomposed certainly for many levels, then the cellular on upper strata is successively decomposed into thinner member
Born of the same parents establish the relation of upper strata cellular and lower floor's cellular；Each layer of cellular computational methods be by input the calculating of this layer because
Son is fire behavior development, is calculated with reference to corresponding parameter, three values of output after last each cellular calculates；Lower floor's cellular three is worth
Vectorial three vector values summarized upwards as upper strata cellular.Method calculating process is determined as shown in Figure 1, in Fig. 1, it is required
The layering number of plies is determined by external input parameter such as computational accuracy, scene of a fire size etc..
The external parameter of the number of plies is layered before proceeding by sprawling and determining method, is inputted by user.It is layered drawing for the number of plies
Divide the size for finally determining minimum cellular.The size of minimum cellular is derived as 1 square metre according to practical experience, therefore in layering layer
Number is limited by the size of current burnt area.If current burnt area is 10 square metres, then it can only at most be divided into 3 layers, the 1st layer has
2 cellulars, the 2nd layer has 4 cellulars, and the 3rd layer has 8 cellulars.The division of every layer of cellular, according to planar graph divide equally form into
Row division.In this case, 1 layer or 2 layers can also be only divided, is determined according to the required precision of user, precision is higher,
The number of plies is more, and it is also longer to calculate the time.
What the computation model solved first is to the problem of lower leaf, is layered the method for determining as shown in Fig. 2, whole by 0 layer
A scene of a fire is handled as a cellular, is defined as ψ.A height of H of Ψ, width W are layered here with being divided into 16 sub- cellulars
Mode, be divided into the 1st layer, then carry out the steps：
The 1st, ψ is divided for length and width to the rectangle for the same size for being respectively original 1/4 first, laterally compiled with Arabic numerals
Code, is vertically encoded with English alphabet, and then there are one individually codings for each rectangle；
2nd, for each rectangle, illustrated with C3 rectangles：Using the diagonal crosspoint o of the rectangle as the center of circle, with diagonal
For diameter, circle R is drawn；
3rd, circular R and ψ are projected, takes intersection, obtaining the cellular ψ 1C3 calculated, (ψ 1C3 represent the 1st layer
The 3rd row cellular of line c)；
4th, other rectangles of this layer are fitted according to same principle, form 1 layer of cellular of ψ.
Step more than repeating decomposites first cellular come by the 1st layer, is decomposed by steps 1 and 2,3, forms the
2 layers, until n-th layer.Final hierarchical mode is as shown in Figure 3.
After layer division is completed, the corresponding calculating factor is specified for each layer, cellular calculating, output are carried out from most last layer
Three result quantities：Developing direction θ develops intensity γ, firewire μ, as shown in Figure 4.
Such as the calculating of this layer of cellular spreads calculation using wind direction, is west wind 3 according to the wind direction parameter of front-end collection
Grade, then can be calculated：Developing direction θ is 180 °, and intensity γ is 3, and firewire μ outwards extends what is formed after 30% by cellular radius
Curve, as shown in Figure 4.
Every layer of cellular uses different the calculating factor and computational methods.Computational methods are injected by external parameter, such as：
Fire danger model may be employed for the cellular of most last layer to calculate, after injecting, according to combustible volume, adopted
Specific wood materials density calculates Fire danger, using equation below：
Wherein：W0 --- Fire danger (kg/m2).
0.1234 --- the kg/m2 constants that volume is converted into.
N --- diameter is less than the quantity of flammable substances that 7cm intersects.
The quadratic power (c m2) of dq2 --- average diameter.
S --- different diameter grade combustible weight (g/c m2).
α --- the correction factor of the non-horizontal angle of combustible.
C --- the grade correction factor.
N --- the quantity of crosscutting combustible.
τ --- the length (m) of crosscutting combustible.
W0 is obtained after calculating, is intensity γ, since the computational methods do not influence the developing direction of the intensity of a fire, then developing direction
θ is 0, while firewire μ keeps original firewire constant.Each layer of computational methods can be different but can also be identical, this is determined
Method supports the extension in method, including existing all definite methods, such as wind direction sprawling calculation, crown fire calculating side
Formula, ground fire calculation etc..
When the cellular of current layer is complete calculating, then can be converged to upper strata cellular.During convergence, according to upper strata member
Born of the same parents divide, and each cellular of the affiliated lower floor of upper strata cellular carries that there are three result quantities：Developing direction θ develops intensity γ, firewire
μ is converged using following steps：
1st, the firewire μ of lower floor's cellular is spliced according to planar graph such as the bold portion in Fig. 5 first；What is formed is upper
Dotted portion in the firewire such as Fig. 5 of layer cellular is the firewire μ of upper strata cellular.
2nd, the developing direction θ of upper strata cellular is the average value of lower floor cellular developing direction θ.
3rd, the intensity γ of upper strata cellular is the average value of lower floor cellular γ.
The θ and γ by close each cellular of such upper strata cellular V determines that upper strata cellular converges the method for determining by cellular
Form three result quantities of upper strata cellular.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing determines method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
The first step, to lower leaf：The scene of a fire is separated from top to bottom according to 0,1,2...N successively；
Second step successively decomposes：Lower floor is the further decomposition to corresponding last layer cellular, and each lower floor is decomposed into several
Cellular, these cellulars calculate the development trend of the cellular according to the fire behavior the development factor of this layer, which includes：Development side
To θ, the intensity γ of development and firewire μ；
3rd step calculates sprawling：Since n-th layer, the development trend that each layer of cellular each calculates is aggregated to form on corresponding
The development trend of one layer of cellular, until the 0th layer, the method for determining is converged by cellular and calculates 0 layer of corresponding firewire spreading range.
2. multilayer cellular forest fire appealing according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that：In second step, lower floor
Cellular divides corresponding last layer cellular, circular sideline and last layer using circle as basic configuration from geometrical plane
Cellular peripheral shape carries out projection cutting；Lower floor's cellular carries out all standing to the division of corresponding last layer cellular geometry level, under
The sum of layer cell density：The sum of upper strata cell density >=1.1.
3. multilayer cellular forest fire appealing according to claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that：In the third step, by 0 layer
The entire scene of a fire handled as cellular, be defined as ψ, a height of H of Ψ, width W；ψ is divided into X sub- cellulars, forms the 1st
Layer；Then sprawling is calculated according to the methods below：
1st, it is respectively the rectangle of 1/4X for length and width by ψ points, is laterally encoded with Arabic numerals, vertically carried out with English alphabet
Coding, each rectangle correspond to an individually coding；
2nd, for each rectangle, using the diagonal crosspoint o points of the rectangle as the center of circle, using diagonal as diameter, draw circular
R；
3rd, circular R and ψ are projected, takes intersection, obtain a cellular of this layer；To the member of this layer other rectangles formation
Born of the same parents are fitted, and form 1 layer of cellular of ψ；
4th, the step more than repeating decomposites each cellular come by the 1st layer and is decomposed downwards by steps 1 and 2,3, formed
2nd layer；
5th, after layer division is completed, corresponding fire behavior the development factor is specified for each layer, cellular calculating is carried out from n-th layer, it is defeated
Go out the result quantities of each three development trend of layer：That is developing direction θ develops intensity γ and firewire μ；
6th, calculation is spread using wind direction, is calculated according to the wind direction parameter of front-end collection in 0 layer：The value of developing direction θ, development
The value of intensity γ, the value of firewire μ determine the curve that cellular radius is formed after outwards extending.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101996365A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-03-30 | 杨宏业 | Grassland fire spread forecasting system |
| CN103065124A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 成都国科海博计算机系统有限公司 | Smoke detection method, device and fire detection device |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101996365A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-03-30 | 杨宏业 | Grassland fire spread forecasting system |
| CN103065124A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 成都国科海博计算机系统有限公司 | Smoke detection method, device and fire detection device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Mountains Forest Fire Spread Simulator Based on Geo-Cellular Automaton Combined With Wang Zhengfei Velocity Model;Tao Sun et al.;《IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING》;20130831;第6卷(第4期);第1971-1987页 * |
| 三维元胞自动机各向异性林火蔓延快速模型;陈喆等;《北京林业大学学报》;20120131;第34卷(第1期);第86-91页 * |
| 基于元胞自动机的林火蔓延时空演变研究;沈敬伟等;《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》;20130831;第35卷(第8期);第116-121页 * |
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