CN105590014A - Multilayer cell forest fire spread algorithm - Google Patents
Multilayer cell forest fire spread algorithm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multilayer cell forest fire spread algorithm. The algorithm comprises following steps: step 1, layering downwards: separating a fire scene from top to bottom successively according to 0, 1, 2, ..., N; step 2, decomposing layer by layer: wherein the lower layer is the further decomposed layer of corresponding upper layer cells, every lower layer is decomposed into a plurality of cells, the cells calculate the development tendency of the cells according to the fire behavior development factors of the layer, the development tendency comprises a development direction Theta, development strength Gamma and a fire line Mu; step 3, calculating spread: starting from the Nth layer, collecting the development tendency respectively calculated by the cells of each layer to generate a development tendency corresponding to the upper layer cells, calculating until to the 0th layer, and calculating the fire line spread range corresponding to the 0th layer through a cell collection algorithm. According to the multilayer cell forest fire spread algorithm of the invention, the fire behavior development can be effectively predicted so as to schedule and deploy in advance; the fire behavior is controlled as early as possible; and the fire behavior is prevented from deteriorating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm, belong to forest fire intelligent predicting and control technology field.
Background technology
Forest fire causes huge loss not only to the country and people's property, and destroys the ecosystem, reduces soil fertility, causes the natural calamity such as soil erosion, mud-rock flow. In the time finding fire, the control condition of a fire as early as possible, avoids it to worsen, and just needs the development of the scientific and effective prediction condition of a fire, and the deployment that plans ahead, effectively to control the condition of a fire. Due to forest fire life period, spatiality core randomness, therefore, need to carry out intelligent predicting to forest fires behavior, in conjunction with factors such as the temperature of condition of a fire spot, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, topography and geomorphologies, carry out forest fire appealing analysis.
As a whole considering done in the scene of a fire by existing forest fire appealing algorithm, adopts single computational methods, ignored different environment and the key elements in the scene of a fire, causes the reference significance of result of calculation little, loses to spread to analyze due analysis supporting role, is badly in need of improving.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, for overcoming existing condition of a fire spread algorithm, the as a whole limitation causing decision-making commander of considering is made in the scene of a fire, a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm is provided, improve practicality and the accuracy of condition of a fire spread algorithm, effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problem that existing condition of a fire spread algorithm exists.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that and the invention provides a kind of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm, first as required the scene of a fire is separated into multilayer, lower floor is the further decomposition to upper strata cellular, varies in size and divides certain number of plies according to precision, the scene of a fire of calculating; Every one deck is divided into multiple cellulars, and these cellulars calculate this cellular development trend in future according to the condition of a fire the development factor of this one deck; When calculating spreads, the cellular of lowermost layer calculates the development trend of each cellular separately, then gathers the development trend that forms the corresponding cellular of last layer; Repeat said process at last layer again, until the 0th layer, just can calculate corresponding live wire spreading range, make accordingly the strategy of putting out a fire to save life and property accordingly.
It specifically comprises the steps:
The first step, to lower leaf: by the scene of a fire successively according to 0,1,2 ... N separates from top to bottom;
Second step, successively decompose: lower floor is the further decomposition to corresponding last layer cellular, each lower floor is decomposed into several cellulars, these cellulars calculate the development trend of this cellular according to the condition of a fire the development factor of this layer, this development trend comprises: developing direction θ, the intensity γ of development, and live wire μ;
The 3rd step, calculating spreads: since N layer, the development trend that every one deck cellular is calculated separately gathers the development trend that forms corresponding last layer cellular, until the 0th layer, converge algorithm by cellular and calculate 0 layer of corresponding live wire spreading range.
Multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm of the present invention, in second step, lower floor's cellular, taking circle as basic configuration, is divided corresponding last layer cellular from geometrical plane, and circular sideline and last layer cellular peripheral shape are carried out projection cutting; Lower floor's cellular is carried out all standing, lower floor's cell density sum: cell density sum >=1.1, upper strata to the division of how much aspects of corresponding last layer cellular.
Multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm of the present invention, in the 3rd step, as a cellular processing, is defined as ψ by the whole scene of a fire of 0 layer, and the height of Ψ is H, and wide is W; ψ is divided into X sub-cellular, forms the 1st layer; Then calculate and spread according to the methods below:
One. ψ is divided into length and width and is respectively the rectangle of 1/4X, laterally encode with Arabic numerals, vertically encode with English alphabet, the corresponding independent coding of each rectangle;
Two. for each rectangle, taking the diagonal crosspoint o point of this rectangle as the center of circle, taking diagonal as diameter, draw circular R;
Three. circular R and ψ are carried out to projection, get intersection, obtain a cellular of this layer; The cellular that other rectangle of this layer are formed carries out matching, forms 1 layer of cellular of ψ;
Four. repeat above step, the 1st layer of decomposition each cellular is out decomposed downwards by step 1, two, three, form the 2nd layer;
Five. layer is specified corresponding condition of a fire the development factor for every one deck after having divided, and carries out cellular calculating from N layer, exports the result quantities of three development trends of every one deck: i.e. developing direction θ, development intensity γ, and live wire μ; Owing to affecting, the factor of fire behavior is numerous, calculating certain local time of the scene of a fire, only needs part factor, will progressively bring in layer so calculate condition of a fire the development factor, is calculated by the cellular of this layer; And which layer is the factor be assigned to by concrete parameter configuration;
Six. adopt wind direction to spread account form, according in 0 layer of the wind direction calculation of parameter of front-end collection: the value of developing direction θ, the value of development intensity γ, the value of live wire μ, determines the curve forming after cellular radius extend outwards.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention adopts multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm, as required the scene of a fire is separated into multilayer, lower floor is the further decomposition to upper strata cellular, every one deck is divided into multiple cellulars, and these cellulars calculate this cellular development trend in future according to the condition of a fire the development factor of this one deck; When calculating spreads, the cellular of lowermost layer calculates the development trend of each cellular separately, then gathers the development trend that forms the corresponding cellular of last layer; Repeat said process at last layer, until the 0th layer, calculate corresponding live wire spreading range, make accordingly the strategy of putting out a fire to save life and property accordingly; Effectively to predict the development of the condition of a fire, the deployment that plans ahead, the control condition of a fire as early as possible, avoids its deterioration.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the algorithm model schematic diagram of forest fire appealing algorithm of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of cellular partitioning algorithm process of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be levels cellular of the present invention be divided into model schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of cellular algorithm model of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the live wire of embodiment of the present invention Zhong Mou one deck lower floor cellular and the schematic diagram of this layer of last layer cellular live wire.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the technology of the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: a kind of concrete steps of multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm are as follows:
First, as required the scene of a fire is separated into multilayer, lower floor is the further decomposition to upper strata cellular, therefore, varies in size to be divided into the different numbers of plies according to precision, the scene of a fire of calculating. Every one deck is divided into multiple cellulars, and these cellulars calculate this cellular development trend in future according to the condition of a fire the development factor of this one deck. Development trend comprises three aspects, the one, and developing direction, represents with θ; The 2nd, the intensity of development, represents with γ; The 3rd, live wire, represents with μ.
Wherein: condition of a fire the development factor comprises that the burning bed degree of depth of combustible, dead combustible forest fires extinguish moisture content, combustible carrying capacity, surface-to-volume ratio, moisture content, the gradient, slope aspect, wind speed and direction etc.
This algorithm is by the scene of a fire to lower leaf, and every layer is decomposed into multiple cellulars, and the factor that each cellular injects according to different layers is calculated, and cellular algorithm output quantity. For the calculative scene of a fire, geometry meaning, by scene of a fire X-Y scheme, the precision of calculating as required divides solution for many levels, then successively the cellular on upper strata is decomposed into thinner cellular, sets up the relation of upper strata cellular and lower floor's cellular; Be that calculated factor by inputting this layer is condition of a fire development in the cellular computational methods of every one deck, calculate in conjunction with corresponding parameter, after last each cellular calculates, export three values; Lower floor's cellular three value vectors upwards gather three vector value that become upper strata cellular. As shown in Figure 1, in Fig. 1, the needed layering number of plies is determined as institutes such as computational accuracy, scene of a fire sizes by outside input parameter algorithm computational process.
The external parameter of the layering number of plies, before starting to carry out spread algorithm, is inputted by user. The division final decision of the layering number of plies size of minimum cellular. The size of minimum cellular is derived as 1 square metre according to practical experience, therefore limited by the size of current burnt area in the layering number of plies. If current burnt area is 10 square metres, can only be divided at most 3 layers, the 1st layer has 2 cellulars, and the 2nd layer has 4 cellulars, and the 3rd layer has 8 cellulars. The division of every layer of cellular, the form of dividing equally according to planar graph is divided. In this case, also can only divide 1 layer or 2 layers, determine according to the needed precision of user, precision is higher, and the number of plies is more, and computing time is also just longer.
What first this computation model solved is the problem to lower leaf, and hierarchical algorithm as shown in Figure 2, as a cellular processing, is defined as ψ by the whole scene of a fire of 0 layer. The height of Ψ is H, and wide is W, here to be divided into the mode of 16 sub-cellular layerings, is divided into the 1st layer, then carries out following step:
1, first ψ is divided into length and width and is respectively the rectangle of original 1/4 formed objects, laterally encode with Arabic numerals, vertically encode with English alphabet, so each rectangle has an independent coding;
2, for each rectangle, with C3 rectangle for example: taking the diagonal crosspoint o of this rectangle as the center of circle, taking diagonal as diameter, draw circular R;
3, circular R and ψ are carried out to projection, get intersection, the cellular ψ 1C3(ψ 1C3 that obtains calculating represents the 1st layer of capable the 3rd row cellular of C);
4, according to same principle, other rectangles of this layer are carried out to matching, form 1 layer of cellular of ψ.
Repeat above step, by the 1st layer of decomposition first cellular out, decompose by step 1,2,3, form the 2nd layer, to N layer. Final hierarchical mode as shown in Figure 3.
Layer is specified corresponding calculated factor for every one deck after having divided, and carries out cellular calculating from most end layer, exports three result quantities: developing direction θ, development intensity γ, and live wire μ, as shown in Figure 4.
The calculating of for example this layer of cellular adopts wind direction to spread account form, be 3 grades of west winds according to the wind direction parameter of front-end collection, can be calculated: developing direction θ is 180 °, intensity γ is 3, live wire μ is rear the formed curve of cellular radius extend outwards 30%, as shown in Figure 4.
Every layer of cellular adopts different calculated factor and computational methods. Computational methods are injected by external parameter, as: can adopt combustible carrying capacity model to calculate for the cellular of most end layer, after it is injected into, according to combustible volume, adopt concrete wood materials density calculation combustible carrying capacity, adopt following formula:
Wherein: W0---combustible carrying capacity (kg/m2）。
0.1234---the kg/m that volume is converted into2Constant.
N---diameter is less than the crossing quantity of flammable substances of 7cm.
Quadratic power (the cm of dq2---average diameter2）。
S---Different Diameter level combustible weight (g/cm2）。
α---the correction factor of the non-level angle of combustible.
C---the grade correction factor.
N---the quantity of crosscut combustible.
The length (m) of τ---crosscut combustible.
After calculating, obtain W0, be intensity γ, because these computational methods do not affect the developing direction of the intensity of a fire, developing direction θ is 0, live wire μ keeps original live wire constant simultaneously. The computational methods of every one deck can be different but also can be identical, and this algorithm is supported in the expansion in method, comprises existing all algorithms, as wind direction spreads account form, crown fire account form, ground fire account form etc.
When the cellular of current layer has all completed calculating, can converge to upper strata cellular. While converging, divide according to upper strata cellular, under the cellular of upper strata, each cellular of lower floor carries three result quantities: developing direction θ, development intensity γ, and live wire μ, adopts following steps to converge:
1, first the live wire μ of lower floor's cellular is spliced as the solid line part in Fig. 5 according to planar graph; The live wire of the upper strata cellular forming, as the dotted portion in Fig. 5, is the live wire μ of upper strata cellular.
2, the developing direction θ of upper strata cellular is the mean value of the cellular developing direction θ of lower floor.
3, the intensity γ of upper strata cellular is the mean value of the cellular γ of lower floor.
So the θ by close each cellular and the γ of upper strata cellular V determine, upper strata cellular converges algorithm by cellular and forms three result quantities of upper strata cellular.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, to lower leaf: by the scene of a fire successively according to 0,1,2...N separates from top to bottom;
Second step, successively decompose: lower floor is the further decomposition to corresponding last layer cellular, each lower floor is decomposed into several cellulars, these cellulars calculate the development trend of this cellular according to the condition of a fire the development factor of this layer, this development trend comprises: developing direction θ, the intensity γ of development, and live wire μ;
The 3rd step, calculating spreads: since N layer, the development trend that every one deck cellular is calculated separately gathers the development trend that forms corresponding last layer cellular, until the 0th layer, converge algorithm by cellular and calculate 0 layer of corresponding live wire spreading range.
2. multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in second step, lower floor's cellular, taking circle as basic configuration, is divided corresponding last layer cellular from geometrical plane, circular sideline and last layer cellular peripheral shape are carried out projection cutting; Lower floor's cellular is carried out all standing, lower floor's cell density sum: cell density sum >=1.1, upper strata to the division of how much aspects of corresponding last layer cellular.
3. multilayer cellular forest fire appealing algorithm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the 3rd step, the whole scene of a fire of 0 layer, as a cellular processing, is defined as to ψ, the height of Ψ is H, and wide is W; ψ is divided into X sub-cellular, forms the 1st layer; Then calculate and spread according to the methods below:
One. ψ is divided into length and width and is respectively the rectangle of 1/4X, laterally encode with Arabic numerals, vertically encode with English alphabet, the corresponding independent coding of each rectangle;
Two. for each rectangle, taking the diagonal crosspoint o point of this rectangle as the center of circle, taking diagonal as diameter, draw circular R;
Three. circular R and ψ are carried out to projection, get intersection, obtain a cellular of this layer; The cellular that other rectangle of this layer are formed carries out matching, forms 1 layer of cellular of ψ;
Four. repeat above step, the 1st layer of decomposition each cellular is out decomposed downwards by step 1, two, three, form the 2nd layer;
Five. layer is specified corresponding condition of a fire the development factor for every one deck after having divided, and carries out cellular calculating from N layer, exports the result quantities of three development trends of every one deck: i.e. developing direction θ, development intensity γ, and live wire μ;
Six. adopt wind direction to spread account form, according in 0 layer of the wind direction calculation of parameter of front-end collection: the value of developing direction θ, the value of development intensity γ, the value of live wire μ, determines the curve forming after cellular radius extend outwards.
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| CN108710718A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-26 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司 | Mountain fire sprawling analog simulation method based on cellular automata and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101996365A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-03-30 | 杨宏业 | Grassland fire spread forecasting system |
| CN103065124A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 成都国科海博计算机系统有限公司 | Smoke detection method, device and fire detection device |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| TAO SUN ET AL.: "Mountains Forest Fire Spread Simulator Based on Geo-Cellular Automaton Combined With Wang Zhengfei Velocity Model", 《IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108710718A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-26 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司 | Mountain fire sprawling analog simulation method based on cellular automata and system |
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