CN105588853A - Measuring method for thermal conductivity of high-temperature fire-proof material - Google Patents
Measuring method for thermal conductivity of high-temperature fire-proof material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring method for thermal conductivity of a high-temperature fire-proof material. The measuring method comprises the following steps: mounting a measuring device for the thermal conductivity of the high-temperature fire-proof material; confirming a measuring temperature of the fire-proof material and setting stationary temperatures of a heating core plate, a low-temperature side core plate and an electric furnace; switching on a power supply, adjusting the maximum output voltage of a direct current stabilized power supply to be 36V, causing a single-end heating rod A on the heating core plate and a single-end heating rod B on the low-temperature side core plate to start heating, and then causing the device to start running; while stabilizing the temperatures of the electric furnace, the heating core plate and the low-temperature side core plate at respective setting temperatures, measuring and reading the current value and voltage value of the direct current stabilized power supply connected with the single-end heating rod A on the heating core plate and recording the measured data; calculating the thermal conductivity K of a slabby fire-proof material sample according to the formula of Fourier one-dimensional slab steady heat transfer principle. According to the measuring method provided by the invention, the thermal conductivity of the slabby fire-proof material, such as, homogeneous and heterogeneous materials, multilayer composite materials, and the like, along the overall thickness direction in the process from normal temperature to high temperature of 800 DEG C can be measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to performance-based design about building fire protection field, specifically the assay method of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in a kind of high temperature.
Background technology
Along with the development in epoch, urban construction paces are constantly accelerated, and the scale of modern construction engineering is increasing, and engineering is requiredMaterial and technology also become increasingly complex, but existing fireproofing technique specification can not contain the fire safety requirement of all buildings,More and more be not suitable with the requirement of social economy's fast development. Therefore, country is carrying forward vigorously performance-based design about building fire protection.
The feature of performance-based design about building fire protection is to decide its fire prevention needs according to the fire development characteristic of concrete building, withQuantitatively be calculated as the fire hazard analysis and design carrying out on basis, so need to be grasped the heat transfer property of fire proofing material in high temperature.The most often use at present steady state method test fire proofing material thermal conductivity, its test result is comparatively accurate, but the chi of required test specimen when testVery little large, instrument is expensive, complex operation, and can only test the thermal conductivitys of 100 DEG C of following fire proofing materials. Heat-pole method and heatAlthough can be used in the thermal conductivity of fire proofing material in test high temperature with Transient Methods such as methods, cannot test leading of heterogeneous materialHeating rate. In addition, Transient Method can only be tested the thermal conductivity of homogeneous material part, and on can not test material integral thickness directionThermal conductivity, and heat-pole method and Hot-strip Method tester expensive.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the assay method of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in a kind of high temperature, the method simple operation, not onlyCan measure the tabular fire proofing materials such as normal temperature to 800 DEG C following homogeneous or heterogeneous material, multilayer materials and combined materialThermal conductivity in integral thickness direction, and operating cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the assay method of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in a kind of high temperature,Comprise the following steps:
A, first the determinator of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature is installed; Determine the measurement temperature of fire proofing material, then establishSurely heat steady temperature, the steady temperature of low temperature side central layer and the steady temperature of electric furnace of central layer;
B, switch on power, regulate the output voltage of DC stable power supply to be up to 36V, the single head heating rod A on heating central layerStart heating with the single head heating rod B on low temperature side central layer, this device work, when thermocouple A and low temperature on heating central layerThe temperature that thermocouple B on side central layer records reaches the design temperature of each central layer, thermoregulator regulate DC stable power supply fromAnd make single head heating rod stop heating;
C, when the temperature stabilization of electric furnace, heating central layer and low temperature side central layer is at design temperature separately, and single in heating central layerIn the electric current of heating rod A and low temperature side central layer, the electric current of single head heating rod B, all in the time of stable state, is surveyed and is read to heat central layerCurrent value and the magnitude of voltage of the upper DC stable power supply being connected with single head heating rod A, record determination data, after experiment,Cut off the electricity supply;
D, according to the principle of the dull and stereotyped steady heat transfer of Fourier's one dimension, while measuring stable state, one dimension hot-fluid vertically tries by tabular fire proofing woodThe heat that sample high temperature side distributes to low temperature side equals the heat that high temperature side heating central layer produces; Single head heating rod A in the △ t timeThe heat Q producing1Represent, represent with U by the total voltage of single head heating rod A in heating central layer, in heating central layerThe total current of single head heating rod A represents with I, in central layer to be heated the electric current of single head heating rod A in the time of stable state, single headThe heat Q that heating rod A produces1=U × I × Δ t; The thermal conductivity of tabular fire proofing wood sample represents with K, and heat-conducting area represents with A,Thickness represents with Δ x, the heat Q importing into2Represent, the temperature difference of test institute's drafting board shape fire proofing wood sample high temperature side and low temperature side is used△ T represents, thermograde represents with Δ T/ Δ x, can obtain Q according to Fourier law2=K × A × (△ T/ △ x) × Δ t; Due to △ tThe heat Q that in time, single head heating rod A produces1All import in tabular fire proofing wood sample i.e. Q into by heating central layer1＝Q2, instituteWith by Q1＝Q2, can obtain formula: U × I × △ t=K × A × (△ T/ △ x) × Δ t, derive formula: thermal conductivityK＝U×I×A-1×(△T/△x)-1；
E, by the temperature difference Δ T of tabular fire proofing wood sample both sides recording and current value and the magnitude of voltage substitution of DC stable power supplyIn the formula of the dull and stereotyped steady heat transfer principle of above-mentioned Fourier's one dimension, calculate the thermal conductivity K that measures tabular fire proofing wood sample at temperature;
As a further improvement on the present invention, the design temperature of heating central layer is than the high 10 DEG C of left sides of the design temperature of low temperature side central layerThe right side, the design temperature of low temperature side central layer is than the high 3 DEG C of left and right of the design temperature of electric furnace.
Compared with prior art, the method simple operation, operating cost are low in the present invention, by heating central layer and low temperature side central layerRealize the temperature difference, can measure normal temperature to 800 DEG C following homogeneous or heterogeneous material, multilayer materials and combined material etc.Thermal conductivity in tabular fire proofing material integral thickness direction, described tabular fire proofing wood sample is symmetrical about heating central layer, thisSample can calculate the mean value of two boards shape fire proofing wood sample thermal conductivity, reaches the object that reduces error, thereby make to recordThermal conductivity is more accurate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the determinator of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature;
Fig. 2 is that material is assembled integrally-built profile;
Fig. 3 is that material is assembled integrally-built front view;
Fig. 4 is that material is assembled integrally-built side view;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of heating central layer;
Fig. 6 is the top view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of low temperature side central layer;
In figure: 1. heating central layer, 2. tabular fire proofing wood sample, 3. heat insulation layer, 4. low temperature side central layer, 5. heat-conducting plate, 6. spiral shellBolt, 7. electric furnace, 8. single head heating rod A, 8-1. single head heating rod B, 9. thermocouple A, 9-1. thermocouple B, 10. direct current is steadyDetermine power supply, 11. thermoregulators, 12. data collecting instruments, 13. computers.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, the determinator of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in a kind of high temperature, this device comprise heating central layer 1,Heat insulation layer 3, low temperature side central layer 4, heat-conducting plate 5, electric furnace 7, single head heating rod A8, single head heating rod B8-1, thermocouple A9,Thermocouple B9-1, DC stable power supply 10, thermoregulator 11, data collecting instrument 12 and computer 13. When installation, headFirst described heat-conducting plate 5 is kept flat, place a low temperature side central layer 4 in heat-conducting plate 5 middles, by a tabular fire proofing wood sample2 are placed in low temperature side central layer 4 tops, then heating central layer 1 is placed on to tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 tops, described tabular fire proofing woodSample 2, low temperature side central layer 4 are respectively two and symmetrical about heating central layer 1, by the setting of low temperature side central layer 4,Can prevent that heat adverse current in electric furnace 7 is in tabular fire proofing wood sample 2, improve the accuracy of test result, described tabularFire proofing wood sample 2 is symmetrical about heating central layer 1, can calculate like this two boards shape fire proofing wood sample 2 thermal conductivitysMean value, reaches the object that reduces error; The surrounding of heating central layer 1, tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 and low temperature side central layer 4 is all adoptedWrap up with heat insulation layer 3, four jiaos of two heat-conducting plates 5 that have a screw are placed in the outside of two low temperature side central layers 4, by bolt 6Through four screws of heat-conducting plate 5, holding screw makes heat-conducting plate 5 clamp heating central layer 1, tabular fire proofing wood sample 2, thermal insulationLayer 3 and low temperature side central layer 4 form an overall structure, and this overall structure is vertically rotated, and are then placed in and have temperature incubation functionHigh-temperature electric resistance furnace 7 in, the thickness face of heating central layer 1 is inserted with single head heating rod A8 and thermocouple A9, low temperature side central layer 4 thickDegree face is also inserted with single head heating rod B8-1 and thermocouple B9-1, another of described single head heating rod A8, single head heating rod B8-1End is connected with DC stable power supply 10, and DC stable power supply 10 is connected with thermoregulator 11 again; Thermocouple A9, thermocoupleThe other end of B9-1 is connected with thermoregulator 11, and thermoregulator 11 is connected with data collecting instrument 12 again, data collecting instrument12 are connected with computer 13; Described thermoregulator 11 can regulate by single head heating rod A8, single head heating rod B8-1Electric current, makes the temperature stabilization of high-temperature heating central layer 1 and low temperature side central layer 4, and maintains the temperature of setting, surveys thereby improveThe accuracy of test result; Can also regulate tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 Hes according to the size of heating central layer 1 and low temperature side central layer 4The size of rock wool 3 is tested the thermal conductivity of the tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 of different size, and this device versatility is stronger.
As a further improvement on the present invention, between described heating central layer 1, low temperature side central layer 4 and tabular fire proofing wood sample 2, divideDo not place aluminium-foil paper, the size of described aluminium-foil paper and tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 outsides measure-alike, can make tabular like thisFire proofing wood sample 2 thermally equivalents.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the diameter of described single head heating rod A8, single head heating rod B8-1 is 6.2mm,The diameter of described thermocouple A9, thermocouple B9-1 is 1mm; It is 304 stainless that described heating central layer 1 and low temperature side central layer 4 areSteel plate, its length is identical with length and the width of tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 respectively with width, the thickness of described heating central layer 1Face centre position along continuous straight runs has circular hole and the confession thermoelectricity that four diameters that insert for single head heating rod A8 are 6.3mmThe circular hole that the diameter that even A9 inserts is 1.1mm, the thickness face centre position along continuous straight runs of described low temperature side central layer 4 has fourCircular hole and a diameter inserting for thermocouple B9-1 that the individual diameter inserting for single head heating rod B8-1 is 6.3mm are 1.1mmCircular hole, to reach heating and measure the object of tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 both sides temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described heat insulation layer 3 is less than the alumina silicate fibre blanket of 0.1W/mK for thermal conductivity,So, heat insulation object be can reach, thermocouple A9, thermocouple B9-1 and single head heating rod A8, single head heating facilitated againRod B8-1 passes.
Described tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 is that the thermal conductivitys such as concrete, cement mortar, plasterboard are greater than alumina silicate fibre blanket thermal insulationThe fire proofing material of layer 3 thermal conductivity, its flat side down, tabular like this fire proofing wood sample 2 and adjacent heating central layer 1 and lowTemperature side central layer 4 thermally equivalents, thus make the result of the test that records more accurate.
An assay method for fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature, taking measure the thermal conductivity of fire proofing material in 450 DEG C of high temperature asExample, comprises the following steps:
A, first the determinator of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature is installed; Determine the thermal conductivity of fire proofing material at 450 DEG C,Then the steady temperature of setting heating central layer 1 is that 455 DEG C, the steady temperature of low temperature side central layer 4 are 445 DEG C and electric furnace 7Steady temperature is 442 DEG C;
B, switch on power, in order to ensure the security of experimentation, regulate the output voltage of DC stable power supply 10 to be up to36V, the single head heating rod A8 on heating central layer 1 and the single head heating rod B8-1 on low temperature side central layer 4 start heating, this dressPut work, the temperature recording as the thermocouple A9 of heating on central layer 1 and the thermocouple B9-1 on low temperature side central layer 4 reaches eachThe design temperature of central layer, thus thermoregulator 11 regulates DC stable power supply 10 to make single head heating rod A8, single head heating rodB8-1 stops heating;
C, reach and be stabilized in design temperature separately when the temperature of electric furnace 7, heating central layer 1 and low temperature side central layer 4, simultaneouslyThe electric current of single head heating rod B8-1 in electric current and the low temperature side central layer 4 of the single head heating rod A8 of heating in central layer 1 all inWhen stable state, survey current value and the voltage of reading to heat the DC stable power supply 10 being connected with single head heating rod A8 on central layer 1Value, records determination data, because tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 is respectively two with low temperature side central layer 4, can obtain two groups in factTest data, after experiment, cut off the electricity supply;
D, according to the principle of the dull and stereotyped steady heat transfer of Fourier's one dimension, while measuring stable state, one dimension hot-fluid vertically tries by tabular fire proofing woodThe heat that sample 2 high temperature sides distribute to low temperature side equals the heat that high temperature side heating central layer 1 produces; Single head heating in the △ t timeThe heat Q that rod A8 produces1Represent, represent with U by the total voltage of the interior single head heating rod of heating central layer 1 A8, by addingThe total current of the interior single head heating rod of hot central layer 1 A8 represents with I, and the electric current of the interior single head heating rod of central layer 1 to be heated A8 is in surelyWhile determining state, the heat Q that single head heating rod A8 produces1=U × I × Δ t; The thermal conductivity of tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 represents with K,Heat-conducting area represents with A, and thickness represents with Δ x, the heat Q importing into2Represent test institute drafting board shape fire proofing material sample 2The temperature difference of high temperature side and low temperature side represents with △ T, and thermograde represents with Δ T/ Δ x, can obtain according to Fourier lawQ2=K × A × (△ T/ △ x) × Δ t; The heat Q producing due to single head heating rod 8 in the △ t time1All pass by heating central layer 1Enter in tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 i.e. Q1＝Q2So, by Q1＝Q2, can obtain formula: U × I × △ t=K × A × (△ T/ △ x) × Δ t,Derive formula: thermal conductivity K=U × I × A-1×(△T/△x)-1；
E, by the temperature difference Δ T of tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 both sides that record and current value and the magnitude of voltage of DC stable power supply 10In the formula of the dull and stereotyped steady heat transfer principle of the above-mentioned Fourier's one dimension of substitution, calculate and measure tabular fire proofing wood sample 2 at 450 DEG C of temperatureThermal conductivity K, according to two groups of experimental datas, can calculate the mean value of two boards shape fire proofing wood sample 2 thermal conductivitys.
In order to improve the accuracy of test result, preferably adopt the design temperature of heating central layer 1 than the setting of low temperature side central layer 4The high 10 DEG C of left and right of temperature, the design temperature of low temperature side central layer 4 is than the high 3 DEG C of left and right of the design temperature of electric furnace 7, like this can beIt is poor that stationary temperature is created in the both sides of tabular fire proofing wood sample 2.
Claims (2)
1. an assay method for fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature, comprises the following steps:
A, first the determinator of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature is installed; Determine the measurement temperature of fire proofing material, then establishSurely heat steady temperature, the steady temperature of low temperature side central layer (4) and the steady temperature of electric furnace (7) of central layer (1);
B, switch on power, regulate the output voltage of DC stable power supply (10) to be up to 36V, on heating central layer (1)Single head heating rod A (8) and the single head heating rod B (8-1) on low temperature side central layer (4) start heating, this device work,When the thermocouple A (9) on heating central layer (1) reaches with the temperature that the thermocouple B (9-1) on low temperature side central layer (4) recordsTo the design temperature of each central layer, thermoregulator (11) regulate DC stable power supply (10) thus make single head heating rod A (8),Single head heating rod B (8-1) stops heating;
C, when electric furnace (7), heating central layer (1) and the temperature stabilization of low temperature side central layer (4) are at design temperature separately,And the electric current of heating central layer (1) interior single head heating rod A (8) and low temperature side central layer (4) interior single head heating rod B's (8-1)Electric current all, in the time of stable state, is surveyed and is read to heat the upper DC stable power supply being connected with single head heating rod A (8) of central layer (1)(10) current value and magnitude of voltage, record determination data, after experiment, cuts off the electricity supply;
D, according to the principle of the dull and stereotyped steady heat transfer of Fourier's one dimension, while measuring stable state, one dimension hot-fluid vertically tries by tabular fire proofing woodThe heat that sample (2) high temperature side distributes to low temperature side equals the heat that high temperature side heating central layer (1) produces; Single in the △ t timeThe heat Q that heating rod A (8) produces1Represent, by the total voltage of heating central layer (1) interior single head heating rod A (8)Represent with U, represent with I by the total current of heating central layer (1) interior single head heating rod A (8), in central layer to be heated (1)The electric current of single head heating rod A (8) in the time of stable state, single head heating rod A (8) produce heat Q1＝U×I×Δt；The thermal conductivity of tabular fire proofing wood sample (2) represents with K, and heat-conducting area represents with A, and thickness represents with Δ x, the heat importing intoUse Q2Represent, the temperature difference of test institute's drafting board shape fire proofing wood sample (2) high temperature side and low temperature side represents with △ T, thermograde useΔ T/ Δ x represents, can obtain Q according to Fourier law2=K × A × (△ T/ △ x) × Δ t; Due to single head heating rod A (8) in the △ t timeThe heat Q producing1All import in tabular fire proofing wood sample (2) i.e. Q into by heating central layer (1)1＝Q2So, by Q1＝Q2，Can obtain formula: U × I × △ t=K × A × (△ T/ △ x) × Δ t, derive formula: thermal conductivity K=U × I × A-1×(△T/△x)-1；
E, by the temperature difference Δ T of tabular fire proofing wood sample (2) both sides recording and the current value of DC stable power supply (10)In the formula of the dull and stereotyped steady heat transfer principle of the above-mentioned Fourier's one dimension of magnitude of voltage substitution, calculate and measure tabular fire proofing wood at temperatureThe thermal conductivity K of sample (2).
2. the assay method of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in high temperature according to claim 1, is characterized in that heating coreThe design temperature of plate (1) is higher 10 DEG C than the design temperature of low temperature side central layer (4), the design temperature ratio of low temperature side central layer (4)The design temperature of electric furnace (7) is high 3 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107589147A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-16 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of to measure soil body thermal conductivity factor and the device and method of resistivity simultaneously |
| CN108107072A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-01 | 河海大学 | A kind of soil body Determination of conductive coefficients method and experimental rig |
| CN109283221A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-29 | 芜湖市元奎新材料科技有限公司 | The measuring method of fire proofing material thermal conductivity in a kind of high temperature |
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