CN105582909B - A kind of preparation method and its usage of bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet layer nano composite material - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and its usage of bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet layer nano composite material Download PDF

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CN105582909B
CN105582909B CN201510979059.4A CN201510979059A CN105582909B CN 105582909 B CN105582909 B CN 105582909B CN 201510979059 A CN201510979059 A CN 201510979059A CN 105582909 B CN105582909 B CN 105582909B
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bismuth tungstate
expanded graphite
composite material
tungstate
bismuth
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CN105582909A (en
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李霞章
朱伟
张作松
陆晓旺
左士祥
姚超
陈志刚
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Changzhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/24Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B01J23/31Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten combined with bismuth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/40Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to support type technical field of composite materials, more particularly to one kind is using expanded graphite nanometer sheet as carrier, and bismuth tungstate is the preparation method and applications of the nano material of active component.Bismuth nitrate, sodium tungstate and expanded graphite are added in deionized water and stirred, insulation reaction under hydrothermal conditions is then transferred into reactor, after wash, dry, grind by washing, alcohol, produce bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material.The composite catalytic activity of the present invention is high, can apply to photocatalytic degradation organic matter;And the particle diameter for effectively controlling single bismuth tungstate particle on carrier diminishes, then when prepared small particle bismuth tungstate is carried on other clay carriers, it substantially avoid reunion.

Description

A kind of preparation method of bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet layer nano composite material and its Purposes
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of using expanded graphite nanometer sheet as carrier the invention belongs to support type technical field of composite materials, Bismuth tungstate is the preparation method and applications of the nano material of active component.
Background technology
Bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) it is layer structure, with dielectric, light, from characteristics such as conductors, and bismuth tungstate is visible There is photocatalysis performance under light, under visible light being capable of photocatalytic water and light degradation organic pollution, therefore bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) Many association areas have good application prospect, are carried on clay as composite that to use be also a good choosing Select.
Clay has powerful adsorption capacity, good heat endurance, resistance to acids and bases, rheological characteristic, fillibility, and has The functions such as preferable ion exchange, salt resistance, antigelation, pulping and high-temperature phase-change, are very promising carrier materials.But mesh Before, the clay application of China is also in relatively low level.
The problem of existing in the application with regard to clay, is mainly reflected in dispersion problem, if for example, the grain of load composition granule Footpath is larger, even being also resulted on benign carrier, distribution can uneven, generation be reunited, influence is combined.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are:A kind of bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructured is provided first The preparation method of composite, concrete technology is:
Bismuth nitrate, sodium tungstate and expanded graphite are added in deionized water and stirred, is then transferred into reactor in water Insulation reaction under heat condition, after wash, dry, grind by washing, alcohol, produce bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructured and answer Condensation material, the composite is that, using expanded graphite nanometer sheet as carrier, in expanded graphite area load bismuth tungstate, the present invention is multiple The composition formula of condensation material is expressed as:Bi2WO6/ EG, wherein Bi2WO6Bismuth tungstate is represented, EG represents expanded graphite nanometer sheet load Body,
Wherein, the mol ratio of bismuth nitrate and sodium tungstate is 1:3~1:8,
The addition of expanded graphite is 1 according to the mass ratio of expanded graphite and bismuth tungstate:2~1:8 calculate,
Product after hydro-thermal needs to pass through repeatedly to wash to wash with alcohol is dried with eliminating impurity, and being incubated at 60~100 DEG C 12~24h,
Under hydrothermal condition in insulation reaction, hydrothermal temperature is 180~240 DEG C, and hydro-thermal soaking time is 16~24h.
Present invention also offers a kind of answering for bismuth tungstate of above-mentioned preparation/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material With:Will the composite as catalysis material application,
The present invention prepares bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material using one step hydro thermal method, expands There is graphite larger specific surface area bismuth tungstate can be made more uniformly to be supported on above, it is possible to increase the composite is urged Change performance;
In addition, answering present invention also offers a kind of bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material prepared With:
By bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material as expanded graphite is removed under high temperature, Ran Houtong Crossing the method for two steps modification makes bismuth tungstate load to above clay, concretely comprises the following steps:
By the bismuth tungstate of above-mentioned preparation/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material in calcining under 900 DEG C of hot environments To constant weight, obtain bismuth tungstate (bismuth tungstate high temperature resistant, 900 DEG C will not be on recurring structure change), the bismuth tungstate of gained is acidified, Then by sol-gal process, the bismuth tungstate and clay after acidifying are pressed 1:5 mass ratio is added in 100ml deionized waters, And lasting stirring is until forming gel under 70 DEG C of water bath conditions, then 80 DEG C of dry 12h, 520 DEG C of calcining 2h, obtain wolframic acid Bismuth/clay composite (Bi2WO6/ ATP),
Wherein, above-mentioned souring operation be use Solute mass fraction for 10% hydrochloric acid 5ml, it is right under normal temperature (25 DEG C) Bismuth tungstate is modified, modified to be washed with absolute ethyl alcohol 3 times, 80 DEG C of drying,
Clay is attapulgite.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
1st, expanded graphite can not only promote the effectively scattered of product bismuth tungstate, and the present invention fully consciousness as carrier To and make use of expanded graphite to wind the particle diameter that the template effect that is provided of space structure effectively controls single bismuth tungstate particle When diminishing, then prepared small particle bismuth tungstate is carried on other clay carriers, it can just it is equably loaded up, keep away Exempt to reunite;
2nd, the light that the loose structure of expanded graphite and stronger absorption property can maintain bismuth tungstate suspension system higher is urged Change efficiency.
3rd, the electric conductivity of graphite can shift photo-generated carrier and avoid being combined, so as to improve bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet The layer light-catalysed activity of nanostructure composite material;
4th, the present invention is made the bismuth tungstate piece relative distribution for loading to expanded graphite surface, obtained by the hydro-thermal of proper temperature To bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material, relative to pure bismuth tungstate, the catalytic activity of the composite has Improved;
5th, the inventive method is simple, and easy to control, cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Bi2WO6, EG and the Bi prepared by embodiment 12WO6/EG(Bi2WO6/ EG=1/2) sample XRD spectra;
Fig. 2 is the Bi prepared by embodiment 12WO6/EG(Bi2WO6/ EG=1/2) sample 100nm scale ranges TEM shine Piece;
Fig. 3 is the Bi prepared by embodiment 12WO6/EG(Bi2WO6/ EG=1/2) concentration degraded of the sample to methylene blue Curve.
Fig. 4 is the bismuth tungstate/attapulgite composite material (Bi prepared respectively in embodiment 1 and comparative example 12WO6/ ATP) to the concentration degradation curve of methylene blue.
Embodiment
The preparation of expanded graphite:
By crystalline flake graphite, the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and potassium bichromate is 10:30:5:1 takes sample, in 40 DEG C of perseverances Aoxidized in tepidarium, intercalation 12h, then by crystalline flake graphite 1:0.9HNO3Amount add nitric acid, secondary intercalation, continue react 30min, is washed, and drying instantaneously expands in 900 DEG C of Muffle furnaces, obtains expanded graphite.
Embodiment 1
The bismuth nitrate for weighing 0.17g first is dissolved in 50ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation 30min obtains white solution;Again 0.047g sodium tungstate is added into white solution, continues magnetic agitation 30min and is mixed to get white mixed solution, to described molten The expanded graphite that 0.2g is added in liquid continues magnetic agitation 10min, obtains black turbid solution;Above-mentioned solution is put into 100ml Ptfe autoclave, then 180 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 24h;Reaction takes out reactor and obtains lower black precipitation after terminating, on Layer settled solution;By black precipitate deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol washing, then 80 DEG C of drying, grinding obtains bismuth tungstate/expansion Graphite flake layer nanostructure composite material.
X-ray powder diffraction experiment is carried out to gained sample, and its pattern and structure are observed under transmission electron microscope, according to reality Apply bismuth tungstate made from the technological parameter of example 1/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material and bismuth tungstate, expanded graphite XRD spectrum is as shown in Figure 1.Bismuth tungstate and the respective characteristic diffraction peak of expanded graphite are occurred in that in the XRD of composite, illustrates swollen Swollen graphite is successfully combined sodium tungstate.
EG/Bi2WO6The TEM photos of sample are as shown in Figure 2.It can be seen that expanded graphite nanometer sheet and bismuth tungstate Piece is more uniformly combined with each other, consistent with XRD result.
Bi2WO6、EG/Bi2WO6Sample is to the degradation curve of methylene blue as shown in figure 3, it can be seen that Bi2WO6 Clearance to methylene blue is about 70%, EG/Bi2WO6Sample is to the clearance of methylene blue up to more than 97%.
Again by the bismuth tungstate obtained in the present embodiment/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material in 900 DEG C of high temperature rings Be fired to constant weight under border, obtain bismuth tungstate (bismuth tungstate high temperature resistant, 900 DEG C will not be on recurring structure change), by the tungsten of gained To mix progress in 2 hours at 25 DEG C acidified modified for 10% hydrochloric acid for sour bismuth and 5ml Solute mass fractions, is used again after filtering Absolute ethyl alcohol washing bismuth tungstate 3 times, 80 DEG C of drying;Then by sol-gal process, by the bismuth tungstate after acidifying and 1g concave convex rods Soil is added in 100ml deionized waters, and is persistently stirred under 70 DEG C of water bath conditions until forming gel, then 80 DEG C of dryings 12h, 520 DEG C of calcining 2h, obtains bismuth tungstate/attapulgite composite material (Bi2WO6/ ATP), degraded of this material to methylene blue Rate curve is as shown in Figure 4.
Comparative example 1:
The bismuth nitrate for weighing 0.17g first is dissolved in 50ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation 30min obtains white solution;Again 0.047g sodium tungstate is added into white solution, continues magnetic agitation 30min and is mixed to get white mixed solution, to described molten 1g attapulgites are added in liquid and continue magnetic agitation 10min, cloudy grey solution is obtained;Above-mentioned solution is put into 100ml poly- four PVF reactor, then 180 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 24h;Reaction takes out reactor after terminating and obtains lower floor's gray precipitate, and upper strata is clear Clear solution;By gray precipitate deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol washing, then 80 DEG C of drying, grinding obtains bismuth tungstate/attapulgite Nanostructure composite material.This material is to the degradation rate curve of methylene blue as shown in curve A in accompanying drawing 4.
By relatively more visible:By the introducing of expanded graphite in the present invention, fully refined the particle diameter of bismuth tungstate, then by its It is scattered compared to the bismuth tungstate that growth in situ comes out to be more uniformly distributed after being carried on attapulgite, preferably avoid reunion.
Embodiment 2:
The bismuth nitrate for weighing 0.17g is dissolved in 50ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation 30min obtains white solution;Again to white 0.05g sodium tungstate is added in color solution, continuation magnetic agitation 30min is mixed to get white mixed solution and added into the solution The expanded graphite for entering 0.3g continues magnetic agitation 10min, obtains black turbid solution;Above-mentioned solution is put into 100ml polytetrafluoros Ethylene reaction kettle, then 170 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 18h;Reaction takes out reactor and obtains lower black precipitation, upper strata clarification after terminating Solution;By black precipitate deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol washing, then 70 DEG C of drying, grinding obtains bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet Layer nanostructure composite material, subsequent detection such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
The bismuth nitrate for weighing 0.17g is dissolved in 50ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation 30min obtains white solution;Again to white 0.06g sodium tungstate is added in color solution, continuation magnetic agitation 30min is mixed to get white mixed solution and added into the solution The expanded graphite for entering 0.4g continues magnetic agitation 10min, obtains black turbid solution;Above-mentioned solution is put into 100ml polytetrafluoros Ethylene reaction kettle, then 160 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 16h;Reaction takes out reactor and obtains lower black precipitation, upper strata clarification after terminating Solution;By black precipitate deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol washing, then 60 DEG C of drying, grinding obtains bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet Layer nanostructure composite material, subsequent detection such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4:
The bismuth nitrate for weighing 0.17g is dissolved in 50ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation 30min obtains white solution;Again to white 0.07g sodium tungstate is added in color solution, continuation magnetic agitation 30min is mixed to get white mixed solution and added into the solution The expanded graphite for entering 0.5g continues magnetic agitation 10min, obtains black turbid solution;Above-mentioned solution is put into 100ml polytetrafluoros Ethylene reaction kettle, then 160 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 14h;Reaction takes out reactor and obtains lower black precipitation, upper strata clarification after terminating Solution;By black precipitate deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol washing, then 60 DEG C of drying, grinding obtains bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet Layer nanostructure composite material, subsequent detection such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5:
The bismuth nitrate for weighing 0.17g is dissolved in 50ml deionized water, and magnetic agitation 30min obtains white solution;Again to white 0.07g sodium tungstate is added in color solution, continuation magnetic agitation 30min is mixed to get white mixed solution and added into the solution 0.6g expanded graphite continues magnetic agitation 10min, obtains black turbid solution;Above-mentioned solution is put into 100ml polytetrafluoroethyl-nes Alkene reaction kettle, then 140 DEG C of hydro-thermal reaction 12h;Reaction takes out reactor and obtains lower black precipitation after terminating, upper strata clarification is molten Liquid;By black precipitate deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol washing, then 60 DEG C of drying, grinding obtains bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella Nanostructure composite material, subsequent detection such as embodiment 1.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of application of bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material, it is characterised in that:
The preparation method of described bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material is, by bismuth nitrate, sodium tungstate and swollen Swollen graphite be added in deionized water stir, be then transferred into reactor insulation reaction under hydrothermal conditions, after by washing, Alcohol is washed, dries, ground, and produces bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material;
Described application is that bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material is placed under high temperature and expanded graphite is removed Go, the method being then modified by two steps makes bismuth tungstate load to above clay,
Specifically, by bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material in being fired to constant weight under 900 DEG C of hot environments, Obtain bismuth tungstate, after the acidifying of the bismuth tungstate of gained, by sol-gal process and clay under water bath condition lasting stirring until Gel is formed, then drying and calcining obtains bismuth tungstate/clay composite.
2. the application of bismuth tungstate as claimed in claim 1/expanded graphite lamella nanostructure composite material, it is characterised in that: Described clay is attapulgite.
CN201510979059.4A 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 A kind of preparation method and its usage of bismuth tungstate/Expandable graphite sheet layer nano composite material Expired - Fee Related CN105582909B (en)

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CN106076422B (en) * 2016-06-13 2018-04-20 湘潭大学 A kind of sepiolite supported porphyrin sensitization Bi2WO6The preparation method of visible light catalyst
CN106975478A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-07-25 江苏省华源矿业有限公司 The preparation method of bismuth tungstate/attapulgite composite material
CN107649117B (en) * 2017-10-27 2020-06-30 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 Bismuth molybdate/attapulgite composite visible light catalytic material, and preparation method and application thereof
CN108620061B (en) * 2018-06-21 2019-12-06 常州大学 preparation method of mesoporous tungsten oxide (WO3) doped bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) composite photocatalyst
CN110586149B (en) * 2019-09-24 2020-09-04 湖南大学 Bismuth molybdate/titanium carbide heterojunction two-dimensional photocatalytic material and preparation method and application thereof
CN111471192B (en) * 2019-10-15 2021-07-16 中山大学 Preparation method and application of bismuth tungstate-graphene-conductive hydrogel
CN112371113A (en) * 2020-12-05 2021-02-19 常州大学 Bi2WO6Preparation method and application of-rGO visible light catalyst

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