CN104971720A - Bismuth tungstate nanocomposite, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Bismuth tungstate nanocomposite, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of bismuth tungstate nanocomposite. The method is as follows: (1) dissolving Na2WO6.2H2O and sodium oleate in redistilled water, and conducting ultrasound treatment to form a clear liquid; mixing the Bi(NO3)3.5H2O, 1mg / mL graphene oxide and redistilled water, and conducting ultrasound treatment to form a brown uniform liquid; mixing and stirring evenly the two solutions, conducting a hydrothermal reaction, cooling, filtering to obtain a precipitate, washing and drying the precipitate to obtain black rGO/Bi2WO6 nanocomposite; and (2) dispersing the rGO / Bi2WO6 nanocomposite into absolute ethyl alcohol, dissolving silver nitrate in ethylene glycol, mixing the two, and irradiating under xenon lamp to obtain a silver loaded rGO / Bi2WO6 / Ag nanocomposite. The bismuth tungstate nanocomposite provided by the invention has good photosensitization, and has great significance in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparing technical field of support type semi-conducting material, be specifically related to a kind of bismuth tungstate nano composite material.
Background technology
along with society and economic fast development, energy crisis and environment worsen and have become global problem demanding prompt solution.How to develop efficient, environmental protection, the energy of low cost become too impatient to wait.Solar energy as a kind of desirable, efficient, reproducible energy pay close attention to by more researchers, so scientist is by the middle of the preparation of a large amount of Job engagement photosensitive materials and utilization.Bismuth tungstate is a kind of excellent photosensitive materials, due to features such as its narrow band system, stable and low price, has been widely used with industrial production.But due to the carrier efficiency of semiconductor superelevation, therefore cause its photoelectric transformation efficiency and catalytic performance very low.In order to improve the separation of the carrier of semiconductor further, method common is at present carried noble metal and metalloid as redox Graphene.And the nano material that the nano material of load is purer, more can show high PhotoelectrochemicalProperties Properties and catalytic performance.In addition, this method for synthesizing composite material is simple, and cost is lower, is easy to large-scale production.
Compared with pure nano material, nano composite material has attracted to pay close attention to widely because of the significant on electricity, optics, calorifics.Along with further developing of nanometer science and technology, nano composite material also will be widely used in electrochemical sensing, produces hydrogen and produce oxygen.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of bismuth tungstate nano composite material, load graphene oxide and silver on bismuth tungstate; For this reason, the present invention also provides its preparation method and application.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of bismuth tungstate nano composite material, step is as follows:
(1) by Na
2wO
62H
2o and enuatrol are dissolved in redistilled water, ultrasonicly make it form transparent liquid, are labeled as A; Afterwards by Bi (NO
3)
35H
2the graphene oxide (GO) of O, 1mg/mL and redistilled water mixing, the brown uniform liquid of ultrasonic formation, is labeled as B; Then by A, B mix and blend, after evenly, transfer them to the high pressure resistant reaction kettle for reaction of sealing, cooling, filter to obtain precipitation, after washing of precipitate drying, obtain the rGO/Bi of black
2wO
6nano composite material;
(2) by rGO/Bi that step (1) obtains
2wO
6nano composite material is distributed in absolute ethyl alcohol, is dissolved in organic solvent by silver nitrate, the two is mixed, irradiates, obtain the rGO/Bi of silver-colored load under xenon lamp
2wO
6/ Ag nano composite material.
At rGO/Bi of the present invention
2wO
6in/Ag nano composite material, Ag not only can impel the separation of carrier, self can also be sensitized, and then have the ability of catalysis.
Preferably, in every 30mL redistilled water and 10ml graphene oxide, the addition of enuatrol is 2.2mM, Na
2wO
62H
2the addition of O is 0.4mM, Bi (NO
3)
35H
2the addition of O is 0.4mM; Every 120mgrGO/Bi
2wO
6in nano composite material, silver nitrate is 0.000014mol.
The composite property (photocatalytic etc.) prepared under these conditions is best.
Preferably, described in step (1), in high pressure resistant reactor, the reaction temperature of hydro-thermal reaction is 160 DEG C, and the hydro-thermal reaction time is 18 hours.
The object of hydro-thermal reaction is the environment of a creation HTHP of simple and fast, the pattern that the increase being convenient to material crystalline degree is become reconciled.And select reaction at 160 DEG C to be in order to abundant reaction, be again to improve bismuth tungstate degree of crystallinity, because bismuth tungstate degree of crystallinity at 130 DEG C is very low.
Preferably, be that precipitation is used n-hexane and absolute ethanol washing successively by washing of precipitate in step (1).
N-hexane is the enuatrol in order to remove in mixed liquor, and absolute ethyl alcohol is to go out unnecessary n-hexane.
Preferably, in step (1), the preparation method of graphene oxide is: the mixed liquor 200ml adding the concentrated sulfuric acid and SPA in every 1.5g graphite powder, wherein the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and SPA is 9:1, add potassium permanganate 9.0g while stirring, at 50 DEG C, stir 12h, after having stirred, add hydrogen peroxide 6ml wherein, make its pH=7 with second distillation water washing, then add 100ml ethanol, within ultrasonic 5 hours, prepare graphene oxide.
Preferably, described in step (2), organic solvent is ethylene glycol.
Here ethylene glycol is a kind of sacrifice agent.And conventional sacrifice agent has methyl alcohol, ethanol, ethylene glycol etc.Ethylene glycol is not because of volatile and better can provide electronics and selected.
Preferably, irradiating under xenon lamp in step (2) is irradiate 30 minutes under 150w xenon lamp.
First photo-reduction deposition Ag is a kind of method of environmental protection.Secondly after illumination, bismuth tungstate is excited and produces electronics and hole, therefore the surface transferring to semiconductor that electronics and hole can be very fast, and the Ag in solution
+can catch light induced electron and become Ag simple substance, such electrons is consumed thus inhibits the compound in electronics and hole, further facilitates photocatalysis efficiency.And select 30min to be because under condition for this reason, the amount of the Ag of photo-reduction deposition is suitable.Otherwise the amount that the time has grown Ag can be a lot, and the light that can weaken bismuth tungstate itself catches site, and then reduce photocatalysis efficiency, and the amount of time short Ag can be little, do not have the effect that electronics is separated with hole.
Preferably, the rGO/Bi of silver-colored load is obtained in step (2)
2wO
6after/Ag nano composite material, use redistilled water and absolute ethanol washing successively.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the bismuth tungstate nano composite material that application said method prepares.
3rd object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photochemical catalyst, and its active ingredient is above-mentioned bismuth tungstate nano composite material.
3rd object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned bismuth tungstate nano composite material and is preparing the application in photochemical catalyst and photocatalytic degradation of dye.
In nano composite material, rGO/Bi
2wO
6the photocatalytic degradation capability that the nano material of/Ag has had.Meanwhile, rGO/Bi
2wO
6/ Ag nano composite material is expected to for photosynthetic product oxygen process.
Ag is successfully carried on rGO/Bi by the present invention
2wO
6on, this process both facilitated Bi
2wO
6the separation of photo-generated carrier extend again life-span of carrier, meanwhile because silver particles has the effect being separated carrier and surface plasma resonance, thus further increase photocatalysis performance, therefore this composite has good PhotoelectrochemicalProperties Properties and stronger photocatalysis performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for description, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is Bi of the present invention
2wO
6, rGO/Bi
2wO
6, rGO/Bi
2wO
6the ultraviolet figure of/Ag nano material;
Fig. 2 is rGO/Bi of the present invention
2wO
6the scanning electron microscope diagram of/Ag nano composite material;
Fig. 3 is rGO/Bi of the present invention
2wO
6the EDS collection of illustrative plates of/Ag nano material;
Fig. 4 is Bi of the present invention
2wO
6, rGO/Bi
2wO
6, rGO/Bi
2wO
6the impedance diagram of/Ag nano material;
Fig. 5 is Bi of the present invention
2wO
6, RGO/Bi
2wO
6, RGO/Bi
2wO
6the i-t curve of/Ag nano material.
Detailed description of the invention
Following embodiment is convenient to understand the present invention better, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
embodiment 1
The preparation method of bismuth tungstate nano composite material of the present invention is as follows:
(1)weigh 0.4mM Na
2wO
62H
2the enuatrol of O and 2.2mM, is dissolved in 20mL redistilled water respectively, afterwards ultrasonic make its dissolve formed transparent liquid mark be A liquid; Again weigh 0.4mM Bi (NO
3)
35H
2o, adds the graphene oxide (GO) that the scattered mass concentration of 10mL is 1mg/mL, and the redistilled water adding 10ml is ultrasonic, and to make it form brown uniform liquid mark be B liquid, afterwards by A, B mix and blend 3 hours.Wherein Na
2wO
62H
2o is tungsten source, Bi (NO
3)
35H
2o is bismuth source.Then be transferred in the high pressure resistant reactor of sealing by above-mentioned mixing material, high pressure resistant reactor is put into baking oven, controlling reaction temperature is 160 DEG C, and hydro-thermal reaction, after 18 hours, is taken out reactor, cooled 30 minutes.Obtain black precipitate with the cellulose mixture membrane filtration of 45 μm, gained precipitation 60 DEG C of dryings 6 hours, obtains the rGO/Bi of black after using n-hexane and absolute ethanol washing for several times successively
2wO
6nano composite material
.
Wherein, the preparation method of graphene oxide is: accurately take graphite powder 1.5g in large beaker, the mixed liquor 200ml(V/V=9:1 of the concentrated sulfuric acid and SPA is added) in beaker, potassium permanganate 9.0g is added slowly afterwards in stirring, 12h is stirred at keeping 50 DEG C, to be mixed complete after, add hydrogen peroxide 6mL wherein, make its pH=7 with second distillation water washing.By the time above-mentioned work completes backward the inside and adds absolute ethyl alcohol 100mL, and ultrasonic 5 hours, just can obtain graphene oxide.Because the absolute ethyl alcohol added belongs to Small molecular, it can enter in the lamella of Graphene, promotes opening of graphene sheet layer further, and absolute ethyl alcohol can revolve steaming material fast on the other hand.
Cooling in the present invention can be taked nature to cool or force cooling.Autoclave used in the present invention can be the autoclave of any type, as long as it can meet the requirement of the inventive method.
(2) composite of black step (1) prepared takes 240mg and is distributed in the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2mL, then takes 0.005945g silver nitrate and is dissolved in the ethylene glycol of 5mL.Then respectively the composite solution of 1mL and the liquor argenti nitratis ophthalmicus of 2mL are joined in the small beaker of 10mL.The rGO/Bi that can obtain silver-colored load for 30 minutes is irradiated under the xenon lamp of 150w
2wO
6/ Ag composite, uses redistilled water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times successively after illumination terminates.Second distillation water washing can remove residual silver nitrate ion, and absolute ethanol washing is to remove residual ethylene glycol solution.
the performance test of embodiment 2 bismuth tungstate nano composite material of the present invention
By the rGO/Bi that embodiment 1 prepares
2wO
6/ Ag nano composite material is dry 6h at 60 DEG C, takes composite 5mg and be dispersed in the absolute ethyl alcohol of 10mL after to be dried.Finally draw a certain amount of composite wood gob with dropper and be coated onto ITO conductive glass surface, dry in the baking oven of 60 DEG C.Put it into afterwards in tube furnace and be increased to 300 DEG C, heating rate is 1 DEG C/min, and keeps 1.5 hours at 300 DEG C.
1, place it in homemade electrolytic cell after taking out electro-conductive glass, then on CHI900 scan-type electrochemical microscope, do current versus time curve, electrolyte used is 0.25mol/LNa
2s and 0.35mol/LNa
2sO
3, bias voltage used is 0.1V, and the time of photoswitch is 10 seconds.Adopt three-electrode system, working electrode used is filamentary silver, and reference electrode is silver silver chloride electrode, is platinum electrode to electrode.Result is see Fig. 5.
RGO/Bi as can see from Figure 5
2wO
6the photoelectric current of/Ag composite is maximum, rGO/Bi
2wO
6take second place, Bi
2wO
6minimum.This is due to rGO/Bi
2wO
6the electronics that bismuth tungstate and Nano silver grain produce is derived by Graphene and external current is increased by/Ag composite fast.And rGO/Bi
2wO
6the light induced electron of bismuth tungstate can only be delivered to external circuit by composite, and has lacked the silver-colored part electronics produced due to surface plasma resonance so external current is little.In addition lack the composite of silver, also can increase the right compound of light induced electron and hole, therefore the total current impelling external circuit show is reduction.And pure Bi
2wO
6be easy to the right compound of photo-generate electron-hole occur, so external current is minimum.
2, place it in homemade electrolytic cell after taking out electro-conductive glass, then on VMP2 multichannel potentiostat, do impedance, electrolyte used is 0.25mol/L Na
2s and 0.35mol/L Na
2sO
3, bias voltage used is 0.1V, and illumination is opened all the time.Adopt three-electrode system, working electrode used is filamentary silver, and reference electrode is silver silver chloride electrode, is platinum electrode to electrode.Result is see Fig. 4.
RGO/Bi as can be seen from Figure 4
2wO
6/ Ag electric conductivity is best, rGO/Bi
2wO
6take second place, and Bi
2wO
6the poorest.Reason is rGO/Bi mainly
2wO
6the right separative efficiency of the light induced electron of/Ag and hole is higher, rGO/Bi
2wO
6separative efficiency take second place, and Bi
2wO
6light induced electron and the separative efficiency in hole poor.In addition also illustrate that the ability of these three kinds of material transfer electronics is rGO/Bi
2wO
6/ Ag is the strongest, rGO/Bi
2wO
6take second place, Bi
2wO
6the most weak.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for bismuth tungstate nano composite material, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
(1) by Na
2wO
62H
2o and enuatrol are dissolved in redistilled water, ultrasonicly make it form transparent liquid, are labeled as A; Afterwards by Bi (NO
3)
35H
2the graphene oxide of O, 1mg/mL and redistilled water mixing, the brown uniform liquid of ultrasonic formation, is labeled as B; Then by A, B mix and blend, after evenly, transfer them to the high pressure resistant reaction kettle for reaction of sealing, cooling, filter to obtain precipitation, after washing of precipitate drying, obtain the rGO/Bi of black
2wO
6nano composite material;
(2) by rGO/Bi that step (1) obtains
2wO
6nano composite material is distributed in absolute ethyl alcohol, is dissolved in organic solvent by silver nitrate, the two is mixed afterwards, irradiates, obtain the rGO/Bi of silver-colored load under xenon lamp
2wO
6/ Ag nano composite material; Preferably, described organic solvent is ethylene glycol.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in every 30mL redistilled water and 10ml graphene oxide, the addition of enuatrol is 2.2mM, Na
2wO
62H
2the addition of O is 0.4mM, Bi (NO
3)
35H
2the addition of O is 0.4mM; Every 120mgrGO/Bi
2wO
6in nano composite material, silver nitrate is 0.000014mol.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be 160 DEG C in the reaction temperature of high pressure resistant reaction kettle for reaction described in step (1), the hydro-thermal reaction time is 18 hours.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be that precipitation is used n-hexane and absolute ethanol washing successively by washing of precipitate in step (1).
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the preparation method of graphene oxide is: the mixed liquor 200ml adding the concentrated sulfuric acid and SPA in every 1.5g graphite powder, wherein the volume ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid and SPA is 9:1, add potassium permanganate 9.0g while stirring, at 50 DEG C, stir 12h, after having stirred, add hydrogen peroxide 6ml wherein, make its pH=7 with second distillation water washing, then add 100ml ethanol, within ultrasonic 5 hours, prepare graphene oxide.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: irradiating under xenon lamp in step (2) is irradiate 30 minutes under 150w xenon lamp.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the rGO/Bi obtaining silver-colored load in step (2)
2wO
6after/Ag nano composite material, use redistilled water and absolute ethanol washing successively.
8. application rights requires the bismuth tungstate nano composite material that 1-7 either method prepares.
9. a photochemical catalyst, its active ingredient is bismuth tungstate nano composite material according to claim 9.
10. bismuth tungstate nano composite material according to claim 8 is preparing the application in photochemical catalyst, photocatalysis degradation organic contaminant.
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CN105582909A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-18 | 常州大学 | Preparation method and application of bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite sheet nanocomposite |
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CN105498750A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-20 | 河南师范大学 | Preparation method of bismuth tungstate/graphene photocatalyst with broad-spectrum degradation property |
CN105582909A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-18 | 常州大学 | Preparation method and application of bismuth tungstate/expanded graphite sheet nanocomposite |
CN105597820A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 西北师范大学 | Graphite phase-like carbon nitride/tetracarboxylphenylporphyrin nano-composite material and preparation method therefor |
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CN108435227A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-08-24 | 苏州甫众塑胶有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of efficient stable catalysis material |
CN109179507A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-11 | 东南大学 | A kind of slow-release long-acing nano anti-biotic material and its methods for making and using same |
CN109179507B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-06-11 | 东南大学 | Slow-release long-acting nano antibacterial material and preparation and application methods thereof |
CN111530479A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-14 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Preparation method of bismuth tungstate and copper sulfide composite material |
CN111560193A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-21 | 三棵树涂料股份有限公司 | Antibacterial and antiviral interior wall latex paint and preparation method thereof |
CN113145115A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 河南师范大学 | Preparation method and application of gold nanoparticle modified bismuth tungstate semiconductor photocatalyst |
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