CN105580527A - Seed crash testing device and damage-resisting capability detection method - Google Patents
Seed crash testing device and damage-resisting capability detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105580527A CN105580527A CN201610089935.0A CN201610089935A CN105580527A CN 105580527 A CN105580527 A CN 105580527A CN 201610089935 A CN201610089935 A CN 201610089935A CN 105580527 A CN105580527 A CN 105580527A
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- seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed activity detection and relates to a seed crash testing device and a damage-resisting capability detection method. The device comprises a crashing barrel (2), a blade (4), a projecting disc (5), a connection disc (8), a motor (6), a base (7) and a control device, wherein an upper cover (1) is arranged at the top of the crashing barrel (2); the connection disc (8) is fixedly connected with the motor (6); the projecting disc (5) and the blade (4) are arranged in the connection disc (8); a power output shaft of the motor (6) penetrates through the centers of the projecting disc (5) and the blade (4) so that the projecting disc (5) and the blade (4) rotate along the rotation of the power output shaft; and the crashing barrel (2) sleeves the outer side of the connection disc (8). The seed crash testing device provided by the invention is simple in structure and uniform in seed stress; the seed crash testing device can cause different mechanical losses aiming at different crop seeds and the seeds are not crushed; and with the adoption of contrastive analysis before and after the seeds are damaged, and different damage degrees, the system reflects the damage-resisting capability of the detected seeds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seed vitality detection technique field, relate to a kind of seed collision test deviceAnd injury resistant ability detection method.
Background technology
Corn seed is a kind of very important means of production, along with market and peasant household are to seed matterWhat amount required improves constantly, and must produce and factory process link in whole field corn seedCarry out fine-grained management, to protect to greatest extent the vigor of corn seed, corn seed is rawAfter the ripe also results of reason, the protection of quality and control key are processing link. After kernel maturityMechanized harvest, handling transport, oven dry, threshing, clean, store and sell whole processLinks all easily produce mechanical damage.
At present large quantity research concentrates on the damage of bake out temperature to corn kernel, and threshing courseOn the impact of corn kernel vigor, focus on and determine the suitableeest bake out temperature, and thresing machineDesign and improvement, adjust feeding manner and be subject to force mode to determine best threshing pattern, therebyReduce the damage of corn seed in process of manufacture. Although have researcher by measuring seedFragmentation sensitivity holds breakable degree after reflecting seed damage, but seed is through broken quickAfter perception is measured, seed is broken, cannot carry out germination test, can not reflect intuitivelyGo out the situation of change of the rear vigor of seed damage; Also there is researcher by measuring seed stress cracking rateReflect the degree of impairment of seed, the method is mainly leaned on subjective judgement in the time measuring crackle rate, onlyFrom the degree of injury of physical layer reflection seed, can not set up and effectively contact with seed vitality.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of seed collision test device, can be for Different CropSeed, cause mechanical damage in various degree, and be unlikely to seed fragmentation, by damage beforeThe comparative analysis of rear and Injured level, the injury resistant ability of the system reflection seed of surveying.
Another object of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of seed injury resistant ability detection method,First seed is carried out to impact test, then carry out the damage of quantitative analysis seed with conductivity measuring instrumentHinder situation or X-ray analyzer and intuitively present the damage status of seed, and with after collsion damageSeed be test material, carry out standard germination test and artificial accelerated aging test, thus brightReally injury resistant ability and the storage endurance ability of seed.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of seed collision test device, comprise collision cylinder 2, blade 4, throwing disc 5,Terminal pad 8, motor 6, base 7 and control device.
Described collision cylinder 2 tops are provided with upper cover 1.
Described terminal pad 8 is fixedly connected with motor 6, and throwing disc 5 and blade 4 are arranged in terminal pad 8Portion, the power output shaft of motor 6 passes the center of throwing disc 5 and blade 4 and fixes with it.
Described collision cylinder 2 is socketed in terminal pad 8 outsides.
Described motor 6 is arranged on base 7.
Rotating speed, rotation direction and the running time of described motor 6 arrange by control device.
The material of described upper cover 1 is transparent organic glass.
On described collision cylinder 2 middle part inwalls, be provided with block 3.
The invention provides a kind of seed injury resistant ability detection method, comprise the steps:
A, choose many seeds at random, be divided into multiple batches, the seed amount of each batch is identical;The seed of different batches is carried out respectively to impact test in various degree:
Wherein, the seed that takes out at least one batch does not carry out impact test, used as contrastTest;
The seed of residue batch is put into the collision cylinder 2 of collision test device, motor 6 in batchesFor the seed of each batch of the collision cylinder 2 of putting into collision test device arranges different rotating speedsAnd running time; After impact test completes, the seed of each batch is taken out, for subsequent use;
B, by batch by the seed after impact test and do not carry out the seed of impact test, respectivelyWith 3-5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection, then use distilled water flushing, carry out coil paper germination examinationTest;
C, by the speed of germination of comparative analysis different batches seed and fresh weight, the dry weight of seedling,Reflect the injury resistant ability of surveyed seed.
In described step a, the scope that arranges of the rotating speed of motor 6 is 260-6000r/min.
In described step a, choose at random 600 seeds, be divided into three batches, each batch 200Grain seed; Wherein, the rotating speed of first batch of motor 6 is 800r/min, and be 3 minutes running time;The rotating speed of second batch of motor 6 is 1000r/min, and be 3 minutes running time; The 3rd batch of seedDo not carry out impact test.
In described step b, described coil paper germination test comprises the steps:
With high-pressure steam sterilizing pan sterilizing 20 minutes, take out, be placed in distilled water and soak, will wetThe germination paper of profit is laid on workbench;
The seed of each batch arranges 4 repetitions, and the seed amount of each repetition is identical;
Seed is put unanimously, and radicle is downward, then covers the moistening blotting paper of one deck, base toIt is wide that upper Zhe plays 5cm, is rolled into loose paper roll, vertically puts into the germination box of appropriate distilled water,Moisturizing is entangled with transparent valve bag in top, and the group training chamber being placed under 25 DEG C, illumination condition is sent outBud;
Check germination every day, measure germination index, within the 7th day, calculate germination percentage, measure that it is freshHeavy, then fresh seedling is put into 105 DEG C of baking ovens, complete after 20 minutes, temperature setting is set to 80 DEG C,Dry to constant weight, measure its dry weight; Vigor using germination percentage, fresh weight and dry weight as seed refers toMark.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Seed collision test device of the present invention is simple for structure, firm, smooth running, material are stressedEvenly, respond well, be easy to cleaning; Can cause different machines for different crop seedsTool damage, and be unlikely to seed fragmentation, by before and after damage and Injured level to scoreAnalyse, system reflects the injury resistant ability of this batch of seed.
The present invention, by adjusting seed collision test device rotating speed, controls collision time, thus controlMake stressed degree and the time of seed to be measured, cause mechanical damage in various degree, measure damageThe leachate electrical conductivity of rear seed reflects the degree of injury of seed indirectly, and can quantitative expression,Or utilize X-ray analysis technology, the degree of impairment of reflection Interior Seed, then carries out standardGermination test and artificial accelerated aging test reflect seed vitality and storage endurance ability. And pass throughChange in physical properties before and after comparative analysis damage, as: pericarp thickness, crackle rate, water suction speedRate, hardness etc., clearly after damage, seed vitality reduces relevant with which physical index.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of seed collision test device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of seed collision test device of the present invention is to cutaway view.
Reference numeral is wherein:
1 upper cover 2 collision cylinders
3 block 4 blades
5 throwing disc 6 motors
7 base 8 terminal pads
Detailed description of the invention
Seed collision test device of the present invention, comprising: collision cylinder 2, blade 4, throwing disc 5,Terminal pad 8, motor 6, base 7 and control device.
Collision cylinder 2 tops are provided with upper cover 1, and the material of upper cover 1 is transparent organic glass, withBe convenient to observe the collision situation of material. On collision cylinder 2 middle part inwalls, be provided with block 3, to avoidThe adherent rolling of material and do not reach collision effect.
Terminal pad 8 is fixedly connected with motor 6, and throwing disc 5 and blade 4 are arranged in terminal pad 8Portion, the power output shaft of motor 6 passes the center of throwing disc 5 and blade 4 and fixes with it, makesThrowing disc 5 and blade 4 rotate along with the rotation of the power output shaft of motor 6.
Collision cylinder 2 is bolted the outside that is socketed in terminal pad 8.
Motor 6 is arranged on base 7.
Rotating speed, rotation direction and the running time of motor 6 arrange by control device.
Apparatus of the present invention utilize between throwing disc 5, blade 4 and fixing collision cylinder 2 inwalls relativelyRun up, make material to be processed through throwing disc 5, blade 4 impact, collide cylinder 2 inwalls collisions andMaterial collides to each other and damages.
The course of work of seed collision test device of the present invention is as follows:
Taking corn seed as example, every batch of seed germination experiment arranges four repetitions, repeats 50 at every turnGrain corn seed, so choose at random 600 corn seeds, is divided into three batches, each batchInferior 200 corn seeds.
Seed collision test device is communicated with to power supply; Open upper cover 1, first batch of seed put intoIn collision cylinder 2; Cover upper cover 1.
Control set for adjusting, to set rotating speed, rotation direction and the running time of motor 6, pointHit START button, device brings into operation. Seed is in the turning effort of throwing disc 5 and blade 4Under, do centrifugal motion, pasting the barrel rolling of collision cylinder 2, be thrown out of after encountering block 3,The seed being thrown out of also bumps each other, is vacant state, falls in the effect of gravityUnder, fall in blade 4 or throwing disc 5, again thrown away, repeat above motion state.
In the time reaching Preset Time, install out of servicely, open upper cover 1, seed is taken out, forNext group seed to be processed is prepared.
After all material completion of processing, extract power supply, cleaning plant.
Seed injury resistant ability detection method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A, choose many seeds at random, be divided into multiple batches, the seed amount of each batch is identical;The seed of different batches is carried out respectively to impact test in various degree:
Wherein, the seed that takes out at least one batch does not carry out impact test, used as contrastTest;
The seed of residue batch is put into the collision cylinder 2 of collision test device, motor 6 in batchesFor the seed of each batch of the collision cylinder 2 of putting into collision test device arranges different rotating speedsAnd running time; After impact test completes, the seed of each batch is taken out, for subsequent use;
B, by batch by the seed after impact test and do not carry out the seed of impact test, respectivelyWith 3-5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection, then use distilled water flushing, carry out coil paper germination examinationTest;
C, by the speed of germination of comparative analysis different batches seed and fresh weight, the dry weight of seedling,Reflect the injury resistant ability of surveyed seed.
In described step a, the scope that arranges of collision test device rotating speed is 260-6000r/min.
In described step a, choose at random 600 seeds, be divided into three batches, each batch200 seeds; Wherein, the rotating speed of first batch of motor 6 is 800r/min, and be 3 running timeMinute; The rotating speed of second batch of motor 6 is 1000r/min, and be 3 minutes running time; The 3rdBatch seed does not carry out impact test.
In described step b, described coil paper germination test comprises the steps:
With high-pressure steam sterilizing pan sterilizing 20mins, take out, be placed in distilled water and soak, will wetThe germination paper of profit is laid on workbench;
The seed of each batch arranges 4 repetitions, chooses at random 50 seeds, put unanimously,Radicle is downward, then covers the moistening blotting paper of one deck, base upwards Zhe to play 5cm wide, be rolled into thinThe paper roll of pine, vertically puts into the germination box of appropriate distilled water, transparent valve bag cover for topLiving moisturizing, be placed in 25 DEG C, germinates in the group training chamber under illumination condition;
Check germination every day, measure germination index, within the 7th day, calculate germination percentage, measure itFresh weight, then puts into fresh seedling 105 DEG C of baking ovens, completes after 20min, and temperature setting is set to80 DEG C, dry to constant weight, measure its dry weight; Using germination percentage, fresh weight and dry weight as seedVigor index.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment
(1) materiel machining
Taking corn seed capital section 968 and Zheng Dan 958 as experiment material, choose at random 600 respectivelyGrain corn seed, is divided into 3 batches, each batch 200, puts into seed impact test dressPut, rotating speed is adjusted to respectively to 800r/min, 1000r/min, collision processing was taken out after 3 minutes,Carry out next step germination test, the seed of the 3rd batch compares test.
(2) germination test
By batch taking-up, use 3-5% liquor natrii hypochloritis to soak the corn seed after collision processingSterilize 5 minutes, use distilled water flushing 3 times, carry out coil paper germination test. Germination paper usesBe that Anchor company of the U.S. produces, specification 25cm*38cm, first goes out with high-pressure steam sterilizing panBacterium 20mins, takes out, and is placed in distilled water and soaks, and moistening germination paper is laid in to workbenchUpper, the seed of each batch arranges 4 repetitions, chooses at random 50 seeds, puts consistent (embryoRoot is downward), then cover the moistening blotting paper of one deck, base upwards Zhe to play 5cm wide, be rolled into loosePaper roll, vertically put into the germination box of appropriate distilled water, entangle with transparent valve bag on topMoisturizing, is placed in 25 DEG C, and germinateing in the group training chamber under illumination condition, checks germination every day,Measure germination index, within the 7th day, calculate germination percentage, survey its corresponding fresh weight, dry weight (by fresh seedlingPut into 105 DEG C of baking ovens, complete after 20min, temperature setting is set to 80 DEG C, dry to constant weight), and vigor index using this as seed.
(3) data analysis
By these two kind corn seeds of comparative analysis through in various degree damage after, seed send outThe fresh weight of bud rate and seedling, reflects the injury resistant ability of surveyed seed.
Table 1 capital section 968 and Zheng Dan 958 injury resistant ability comparisons
Note: lowercase represents that 0.05 level difference is remarkable
As shown in Table 1, capital section 968 corn seeds are processed after 3mins through 1000r/min collision,Germination percentage drops to 60.67%, significantly lower than contrast, and meanwhile, Zheng Dan 958 maize seedsSon is after 1000r/min collision processing 3mins, and germination percentage drops to 96.68%, and to taking a pictureThan not having significant difference, explanation thus, the injury resistant ability of capital section 968 is lower than Zheng Dan 958Injury resistant ability.
Corn seed is processed after 3mins through 1000r/min collision, capital section 968 and Zheng Dan's 958Seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight all significantly decline compared with the control, and capital section 968 fresh weights decline60.00%, dry weight declines 61.64%; And Zheng Dan 958 fresh weights decline 30.53%, dry weight declines36.71%; The injury resistant ability that capital section 968 is also described is thus weaker than Zheng Dan 958.
Claims (7)
1. a seed collision test device, is characterized in that: this device comprise collision cylinder (2),Blade (4), throwing disc (5), terminal pad (8), motor (6), base (7) and control dressPut;
Described collision cylinder (2) top is provided with upper cover (1);
Described terminal pad (8) is fixedly connected with motor (6), throwing disc (5) and blade (4)Be arranged on terminal pad (8) inside, the power output shaft of motor (6) is through throwing disc (5) and leafThe center of sheet (4) is also fixed with it;
Described collision cylinder (2) is socketed in terminal pad (8) outside;
Described motor (6) is arranged on base (7);
Rotating speed, rotation direction and the running time of described motor (6) arrange by control device.
2. seed collision test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inThe material of upper cover (1) is transparent organic glass.
3. seed collision test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inOn the inwall of collision cylinder (2) middle part, be provided with block (3).
4. one kind is utilized the seed of the described seed collision test device of one of claim 1-3 resistance toDamage ability detection method, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
A, choose many seeds at random, be divided into multiple batches, the seed amount of each batch is identical;The seed of different batches is carried out respectively to impact test in various degree:
Wherein, the seed that takes out at least one batch does not carry out impact test, used as contrastTest;
The seed of residue batch is put into the collision cylinder (2) of collision test device, electricity in batchesMachine (6) is the seed setting of putting into each batch of the collision cylinder (2) of collision test deviceDifferent rotating speeds and running time; After impact test completes, the seed of each batch is taken out,For subsequent use;
B, by batch by the seed after impact test and do not carry out the seed of impact test, respectivelyWith 3-5% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaking disinfection, then use distilled water flushing, carry out coil paper germination examinationTest;
C, by the speed of germination of comparative analysis different batches seed and fresh weight, the dry weight of seedling,Reflect the injury resistant ability of surveyed seed.
5. seed injury resistant ability detection method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:In described step a, the scope that arranges of the rotating speed of motor (6) is 260-6000r/min.
6. seed injury resistant ability detection method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:In described step a, choose at random 600 seeds, be divided into three batches, each batch 200Grain seed; Wherein, the rotating speed of first batch of motor (6) is 800r/min, and be 3 running timeMinute; The rotating speed of second batch of motor (6) is 1000r/min, and be 3 minutes running time;The 3rd batch of seed do not carry out impact test.
7. seed injury resistant ability detection method according to claim 4, is characterized in that:In described step b, described coil paper germination test comprises the steps:
With high-pressure steam sterilizing pan sterilizing 20 minutes, take out, be placed in distilled water and soak, will wetThe germination paper of profit is laid on workbench;
The seed of each batch arranges 4 repetitions, and the seed amount of each repetition is identical;
Seed is put unanimously, and radicle is downward, then covers the moistening blotting paper of one deck, base toIt is wide that upper Zhe plays 5cm, is rolled into loose paper roll, vertically puts into the germination box of appropriate distilled water,Moisturizing is entangled with transparent valve bag in top, and the group training chamber being placed under 25 DEG C, illumination condition is sent outBud;
Check germination every day, measure germination index, within the 7th day, calculate germination percentage, measure itFresh weight, then puts into fresh seedling 105 DEG C of baking ovens, completes after 20 minutes, and temperature setting is set to80 DEG C, dry to constant weight, measure its dry weight; Using germination percentage, fresh weight and dry weight as seedVigor index.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610089935.0A CN105580527B (en) | 2016-02-18 | 2016-02-18 | Seed collision test device and injury resistant ability detection method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610089935.0A CN105580527B (en) | 2016-02-18 | 2016-02-18 | Seed collision test device and injury resistant ability detection method |
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| CN105580527A true CN105580527A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| CN105580527B CN105580527B (en) | 2017-12-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111919536A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 青岛农业大学 | Corn seed vigor germination event determination method and equipment |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86106220A (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1987-03-18 | 迪尔公司 | Grain damage analyzer |
| RU1813326C (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1993-05-07 | Кировский сельскохозяйственный институт | Method of controlling the deformation in seeds |
| CN101187613A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-05-28 | 江苏大学 | Agricultural material impact test device and method |
-
2016
- 2016-02-18 CN CN201610089935.0A patent/CN105580527B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86106220A (en) * | 1985-09-19 | 1987-03-18 | 迪尔公司 | Grain damage analyzer |
| RU1813326C (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1993-05-07 | Кировский сельскохозяйственный институт | Method of controlling the deformation in seeds |
| CN101187613A (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2008-05-28 | 江苏大学 | Agricultural material impact test device and method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙步功 等: "硬实种子碰撞处理试验研究", 《中国农机化》 * |
| 张伟 等: "冲击加载对植物种子萌发率的影响", 《高压物理学报》 * |
| 李心平 等: "玉米种子籽粒冲击损伤的试验", 《沈阳农业大学学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111919536A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 青岛农业大学 | Corn seed vigor germination event determination method and equipment |
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| CN105580527B (en) | 2017-12-05 |
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