CN105572613A - Magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging method and magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system - Google Patents
Magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging method and magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging method and a magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system. The magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging method comprises a main RF pulse generating step, applying a short-time main RF saturation pulse which lasts for a first preset time for aiming at a specific RF point, thereby generating the contrast of a magnetic resonance imaging signal; an image acquisition step, segmentally acquiring image data in a reading-out direction or/and a phase encoding direction based on the applied main RF saturation pulse by means of a segmental planar echo acquisition method; and a sub-RF pulse generating step, after one-time image data acquisition by means of the segmental planar echo acquisition method, applying a sub-RF saturation pulse which lasts for a second preset time, thereby keeping the contrast of the magnetic resonance imaging signal. The magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging method and the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system settle problems of low signal sensitivity and low imaging efficiency in existing magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic resonance CEST imaging technique, particularly relate to a kind of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method and system.
Background technology
Magnetic resonance CEST formation method (Chemicalexchangesaturationtransfer, CEST) research starts from 2000, obtain rapidly extensive concern because it has brand-new magnetic resonance contrast's mechanism, become the brand-new sensitive pathway of the exchange of research macromolecular chemistry and chemical kinetics.Its principle is the radio frequency (radiofrequency optionally applying certain special resonant frequency, RF) pulse signal carrys out saturated corresponding proton (as Fig. 1 (a), poolB), under suitable environment, the meeting of these protons and surrounding water molecules are (as Fig. 1 (a), poolA) there is chemical exchange, and then fractional saturation is transferred on hydrone, the power (as Fig. 1 (b)) of CEST effect is embodied by the reduction detecting hydrone signal.The chemical exchange process occurred during saturation pulse applies makes the loss of proton signal be able to remarkable amplification, and therefore, CEST contrast directly observes more responsive compared with these protons with utilizing magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques.With other magnetic resonance contrast's mechanism, as the technology such as T1, T2 and diffusion-weighted imaging is compared, CEST can explore the molecular target containing exchangeable protons in a certain feature frequency, to the metabolite of biosome inherence and micro very responsive, be a kind of molecular image means of uniqueness.Because the physiological environment of chemical exchange and bio-tissue is closely related, therefore CEST can be used to carry out imaging for multiple important physiological parameters such as intraor extracellular acid base equilibrium, metabolic characteristics, and detection and various diseases such as assessment metabolic disorder, tissue ischemia etc. play key effect.
Based on existing mr imaging technique, the change of abnormal structure CEST signal contrast only has about 3%-4% usually, and therefore current most CEST research is all carried out in super high field (>=4.7T) magnetic resonance.Because super high field has more excellent signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), effectively can improve the detection sensitivity of CEST signal, be beneficial to and obtain good picture quality under less repeated acquisition number of times, the problem that imaging efficiency is low is necessarily alleviated.But the field intensity of the main flow magnetic resonance system of current Clinical practice is 3T, and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) declines to a great extent.Therefore, the major defect that existing CEST imaging technique exists on 3T magnetic resonance system comprises:
The first, scan efficiency is limited.For improving signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), need significantly increase repeated acquisition number of times, what bring is long problem sweep time thereupon, constrains image spatial and temporal resolution greatly, affects picture quality, tie down imaging efficiency, be unfavorable for that patient coordinates simultaneously and widely use with clinical.
The second, signal sensitivity is lower.The technology such as the gtadient echo that usual use at present singly excites carry out data acquisition, although can improve image taking speed to a certain extent, longer echo train, signal attenuation is very fast, affects signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Based on the determination existed in prior art, need to improve relevant art further.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary, for the low problem of signal sensitivity finite sum imaging efficiency in existing magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging technique, to provide a kind of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method and system.
A kind of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method, it comprises:
Main radio-frequency pulse generating step: apply the main in short-term radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the first Preset Time, to produce the contrast of magnetic resonance imaging signal for particular radio-frequency point;
Image acquisition step: based on the described main radio frequency saturation pulse applied, utilize sectional plan echo acquirement method, along readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction piecewise acquisition view data;
Secondary radio-frequency pulse generating step: utilizing after sectional plan echo acquirement method carries out the collection of a view data, apply the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the second Preset Time, in order to keep the contrast of described magnetic resonance imaging signal.
Wherein in an embodiment, described first Preset Time is 4-6 second.
Wherein in an embodiment, described second Preset Time is 1-2 second.
Wherein in an embodiment, described method also comprises: for repeatedly repeating described image acquisition step and described radio-frequency pulse generating step until complete the multi collect step that entire image gathers.
Wherein in an embodiment, described method also comprises: for repeating described image acquisition step, described radio-frequency pulse generating step and described multi collect step successively until complete the layer scanning step of described particular radio-frequency point being carried out to multilayer imaging scanning.
Wherein in an embodiment, described method also comprises: for repeating described image acquisition step successively, described radio-frequency pulse generating step, described multi collect step and described layer scanning step carry out the weight time scanning step that Multiple-Scan obtains view data.
Wherein in an embodiment, described method also comprises: after executing multilayer imaging scanning each time, adjust the frequency of described main radio frequency saturation pulse, then repeat described main radio-frequency pulse generating step, described image acquisition step, described radio-frequency pulse generating step, described multi collect step, described layer scanning step and described heavy scanning step successively until complete the scanning times of multilayer imaging scanning setting.
Wherein in an embodiment, in the process, before carrying out multilayer imaging scanning each time, default release time is given.
Based on said method, present invention also offers a kind of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system, it comprises:
Main radio-frequency pulse generation module, for applying the main in short-term radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the first Preset Time for particular radio-frequency point, to produce the contrast of magnetic resonance imaging signal;
Image capture module, for based on the described main radio frequency saturation pulse applied, utilizes sectional plan echo acquirement method, along readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction piecewise acquisition view data;
Secondary radio-frequency pulse generation module, for utilizing after sectional plan echo acquirement method carries out the collection of a view data, applies the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the second Preset Time, in order to keep the contrast of described magnetic resonance imaging signal.
Wherein in an embodiment, described first Preset Time is 4-6 second.
Wherein in an embodiment, described second Preset Time is 1-2 second.
Formation method of the present invention and system are the CEST imaging technique of one in conjunction with segmentation (Segmented) echo planar imaging (Echoplanarimaging, EPI) acquisition method.First a main radio frequency saturation pulse for generation of CEST contrast is applied, then readout direction is utilized or/and segmentation on phase-encoding direction (segment) EPI method collecting part K space data, the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse shorter with the after-applied duration keeps CEST contrast, repeat the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse of EPI data acquisition and maintenance CEST stable state again, until complete the collection of entire image.The present invention can effectively improve CEST signal intensity, can reduce scanning multiplicity, and then improves scan efficiency; Effectively can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of CEST signal, be beneficial to the lifting of CEST signal sensitivity, effectively can reduce distortion simultaneously and improve picture quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) is CEST chemical exchange schematic diagram, and Fig. 1 (b) is for hydrone signal intensity is with the change curve of saturated displacement;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sequential chart of the optimum embodiment of formation method of the present invention, and wherein gc represents damage gradient, and gs presentation layer selects gradient, and gp represents phase encoding gradient, and gr represents readout gradient, and Rf represents radio-frequency pulse;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of the optimum embodiment of formation method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of an optimal enforcement example of imaging system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of another optimal enforcement example of imaging system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Based on magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging technique, the present invention is on the basis of conventional art, propose the CEST imaging technique of one in conjunction with segmentation (Segmented) echo planar imaging (Echoplanarimaging, EPI) acquisition method.The present invention utilizes segmentation EPI sequence data acquisition method, can effectively improve CEST signal intensity, therefore can reduce scanning multiplicity, and then improves scan efficiency; Effectively can also improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of CEST signal simultaneously, be beneficial to the lifting of CEST signal sensitivity, effectively can reduce distortion simultaneously and improve picture quality.Specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the invention provides a kind of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method, it comprises the following steps:
Main radio-frequency pulse generating step 100: apply the main in short-term radio frequency saturation pulse RF that continues the first preset time T s1, to produce the contrast of magnetic resonance imaging signal for particular radio-frequency point;
Image acquisition step 200: based on the above-mentioned main radio frequency saturation pulse applied, utilize sectional plan echo acquirement method, along readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction piecewise acquisition view data, data acquisition time is Ti each time;
Secondary radio-frequency pulse generating step 300: utilizing after sectional plan echo acquirement method carries out the collection Ti of a view data, apply the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the second preset time T s2, in order to keep the contrast of above-mentioned magnetic resonance imaging signal.
In the above-described embodiments, above-mentioned first Preset Time is preferably 4-6 second, and optimum is set to 5 seconds.Above-mentioned second Preset Time is preferably 1-2 second, and optimum is set to 1 second.
Based on each embodiment above-mentioned, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method of the present embodiment also comprises: multi collect step 400, and this step is used for repeatedly repeating above-mentioned image acquisition step 200 and above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step 300 until complete entire image collection.As shown in Figure 2, multi collect step 400 here preferably performs following steps:
Perform step 401: the collection having judged whether entire image; If not, then above-mentioned image acquisition step 200 and above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step 300 is repeated until complete entire image collection;
If so, then step 402 is performed: export the entire image of preserving when secondary scanning obtains.
In the present embodiment, judge whether that the collection of entire image can be judged by the scanning times setting single image, such as judged whether the scanning times completing entire image, if the collection of entire image can have been assert.Certainly, the invention is not restricted to only adopt this kind of mode to judge, other modes can also be adopted.
Based on each embodiment above-mentioned, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method of the present embodiment also comprises: layer scanning step 500, and this step is used for repeating above-mentioned image acquisition step 200, above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step 300 and above-mentioned multi collect step 400 successively until complete the multilayer imaging scanning carried out above-mentioned particular radio-frequency point.As shown in Figure 2, layer scanning step 500 here preferably performs following steps:
Perform step 501: the default number of plies judging whether to complete multilayer imaging scanning, if not, then above-mentioned image acquisition step, above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step and above-mentioned multi collect step is repeated successively until complete the multilayer imaging scanning carried out above-mentioned particular radio-frequency point;
If so, then step 502 is performed: export the view data of preserving multilayer imaging scanning and obtaining, in order to image reconstruction.
The default number of plies of this example, can according to object to be scanned and the character or the scanner configuration decision that scan position.The present embodiment is on Single Slice Mode imaging basis based on multilayer imaging scanning, obtaining higher spatial resolution and sweep velocity, can effectively improve imaging efficiency and image resolution ratio by increasing the detector number of plies.
Based on each embodiment above-mentioned, as shown in Figure 2, the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method of the present embodiment also comprises: heavy scanning step 600, and this step is used for repeating above-mentioned image acquisition step 200 successively, above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step 300, above-mentioned multi collect step 400 and above-mentioned layer scanning step 500 are carried out Multiple-Scan and obtained view data.As shown in Figure 2, heavy scanning step 600 here preferably performs following steps:
Perform step 601: the scanning times having judged whether multilayer imaging scanning setting, then repeat above-mentioned image acquisition step 200 if not successively, above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step 300, above-mentioned multi collect step 400 and above-mentioned layer scanning step 500 are carried out Multiple-Scan and obtained view data;
If so, the view data of preserving Multiple-Scan and obtaining then is exported.
In the present embodiment, implementing repeatedly multilayer imaging scanning by completing, can signal noise ratio (snr) of image be improved.
Based on each embodiment above-mentioned, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 3, the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method of the present embodiment also comprises execution following steps 700: after executing multilayer imaging scanning each time, adjust the frequency of above-mentioned main radio frequency saturation pulse, then repeat above-mentioned main radio-frequency pulse generating step 100, above-mentioned image acquisition step 200, above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generating step 300, above-mentioned multi collect step 400, above-mentioned layer scanning step 500 and above-mentioned heavy scanning step 600 successively until complete the scanning times of multilayer imaging scanning setting.The frequency of (can be the frequency that gradient reduces or increase main radio frequency saturation pulse) main radio frequency saturation pulse in the present embodiment, can be regulated in conjunction with sectional plan echo acquirement method the collection of view data is realized by gradient.
Based on each embodiment above-mentioned, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 3, the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method of the present embodiment also comprises: step 101, gave before carrying out the scanning of multilayer imaging each time certain default release time Tr, Mz is recovered completely, ensures to be in identical level at the Mz of each radio frequency point collection.
Method of the present invention utilizes segmentation EPI sequence data acquisition method to carry out the multilayer imaging scanning of view data, also utilize gradient to regulate the frequency of main radio frequency saturation pulse to adjust the attribute scanned each time simultaneously, thus obtain more comprehensively view data, calculate in order to follow-up image reconstruction.In the method for the invention, as shown in Figure 2, main radio frequency saturation pulse needs the number of times=radio frequency shift repeated to count, and secondary radio frequency saturation pulse needs the scanning times of the default number of plies × multilayer imaging scanning setting of the number of times=multilayer imaging scanning repeated, due to Ts2<<Ts1<Ts, therefore the entire scan time significantly shortens, and imaging efficiency is significantly improved.
Based on the formation method of each embodiment above-mentioned, present invention also offers a kind of magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system 1, as shown in Figure 5, it comprises:
Main radio-frequency pulse generation module 11, for applying the main in short-term radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the first Preset Time for particular radio-frequency point, to produce the contrast of magnetic resonance imaging signal;
Image capture module 12, for based on the above-mentioned main radio frequency saturation pulse applied, utilizes sectional plan echo acquirement method, along readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction piecewise acquisition view data;
Secondary radio-frequency pulse generation module 13, for utilizing after sectional plan echo acquirement method carries out the collection of a view data, applies the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the second Preset Time, in order to keep the contrast of above-mentioned magnetic resonance imaging signal.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned first Preset Time is preferably 4-6 second, and optimum is set to 5 seconds.Above-mentioned second Preset Time is preferably 1-2 second, and optimum is set to 1 second.
Based on the imaging system of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the imaging system of the present embodiment also comprises:
Multi collect module 14, for having judged whether the collection of entire image; Then repeat to call described image capture module 12 and described radio-frequency pulse generation module 13 if not until complete entire image collection; If so, the entire image of preserving when secondary scanning obtains then is exported;
Based on the imaging system of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the imaging system of the present embodiment also comprises:
Layer scan module 15, for judging whether the default number of plies completing multilayer imaging scanning, if not, then repeat successively to call described image capture module 12, described radio-frequency pulse generation module 13 and above-mentioned multi collect module 14 until complete the multilayer imaging scanning carried out above-mentioned particular radio-frequency point; If so, the view data of preserving multilayer imaging scanning and obtaining then is exported.
Based on the imaging system of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the imaging system of the present embodiment also comprises:
Heavy scan module 16, for having judged whether the scanning times of multilayer imaging scanning setting, then repeating to call described image capture module 12 if not successively, described radio-frequency pulse generation module 13, above-mentioned multi collect module 14 and above-mentioned layer scan module 15 have carried out Multiple-Scan and obtained view data; If so, the view data of preserving Multiple-Scan and obtaining then is exported.
Based on the imaging system of above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the imaging system of the present embodiment also comprises:
Adjusting module 17, for after executing multilayer imaging scanning each time, adjust the frequency of above-mentioned main radio frequency saturation pulse, then repeat successively to call above-mentioned main radio-frequency pulse generation module 11, above-mentioned image capture module 12, above-mentioned radio-frequency pulse generation module 13, above-mentioned multi collect module 14, above-mentioned layer scan module 15 and above-mentioned heavy scan module 16 until complete the scanning times of multilayer imaging scanning setting.In the present embodiment, the frequency of main radio frequency saturation pulse can be regulated to realize the collection of view data in conjunction with sectional plan echo acquirement method by gradient.
Based on each embodiment above-mentioned, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 3, the magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system of the present embodiment also comprises: timing module, for gave before carrying out the scanning of multilayer imaging each time certain default release time Tr, Mz is recovered completely, ensures to be in identical level at the Mz of each radio frequency point collection.
In each embodiment above-mentioned, the concrete methods of realizing of each functional unit of imaging system is see the above-mentioned related description about formation method.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the mode that above-described embodiment method can add required general hardware platform by software and realize, hardware can certainly be passed through, but in a lot of situation, the former is better embodiment.Based on such understanding, technical scheme of the present invention can embody with the form of software product the part that prior art contributes in essence in other words, this computer software product is stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing (as ROM, magnetic disc, CD), comprising some instructions in order to make a station terminal equipment (can be mobile phone, computing machine, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform system architecture described in each embodiment of the present invention and method.
Method and system of the present invention, after main radio frequency saturation pulse applies, adopts readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction segmentation EPI method image data; Complete the data acquisition of each sectional plan echographic in EPI sequence after, apply duration shorter secondary radio frequency saturation pulse and maintain CEST contrast, thus improve scan efficiency and signal sensitivity, add signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), improve picture quality.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method, it comprises:
Main radio-frequency pulse generating step: apply the main in short-term radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the first Preset Time, to produce the contrast of magnetic resonance imaging signal for particular radio-frequency point;
Image acquisition step: based on the described main radio frequency saturation pulse applied, utilize sectional plan echo acquirement method, along readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction piecewise acquisition view data;
Secondary radio-frequency pulse generating step: utilizing after sectional plan echo acquirement method carries out the collection of a view data, apply the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the second Preset Time, in order to keep the contrast of described magnetic resonance imaging signal.
2. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first Preset Time is 4-6 second, and described second Preset Time is 1-2 second.
3. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: for repeatedly repeating described image acquisition step and described radio-frequency pulse generating step until complete the multi collect step that entire image gathers.
4. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: for repeating described image acquisition step, described radio-frequency pulse generating step and described multi collect step successively until complete the layer scanning step of described particular radio-frequency point being carried out to multilayer imaging scanning.
5. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
Described method also comprises: for repeating described image acquisition step successively, described radio-frequency pulse generating step, described multi collect step and described layer scanning step carry out the weight time scanning step that Multiple-Scan obtains view data.
6. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises: after executing multilayer imaging scanning each time, adjust the frequency of described main radio frequency saturation pulse, then repeat described main radio-frequency pulse generating step, described image acquisition step, described radio-frequency pulse generating step, described multi collect step, described layer scanning step and described heavy scanning step successively until complete the scanning times of multilayer imaging scanning setting.
7. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer formation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in the process, before carrying out multilayer imaging scanning each time, gives default release time.
8. a magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system, it is characterized in that, described system comprises:
Main radio-frequency pulse generation module, for applying the main in short-term radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the first Preset Time for particular radio-frequency point, to produce the contrast of magnetic resonance imaging signal;
Image capture module, for based on the described main radio frequency saturation pulse applied, utilizes sectional plan echo acquirement method, along readout direction or/and phase-encoding direction piecewise acquisition view data;
Secondary radio-frequency pulse generation module, for utilizing after sectional plan echo acquirement method carries out the collection of a view data, applies the secondary radio frequency saturation pulse that continues the second Preset Time, in order to keep the contrast of described magnetic resonance imaging signal.
9. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described first Preset Time is 4-6 second.
10. magnetic resonance chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described second Preset Time is 1-2 second.
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