CN105570916A - Coal-fired boiler smoke denitrification apparatus and denitrification method - Google Patents
Coal-fired boiler smoke denitrification apparatus and denitrification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105570916A CN105570916A CN201410523507.5A CN201410523507A CN105570916A CN 105570916 A CN105570916 A CN 105570916A CN 201410523507 A CN201410523507 A CN 201410523507A CN 105570916 A CN105570916 A CN 105570916A
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Abstract
A coal-fired boiler smoke denitrification apparatus and a denitrification method are provided, belonging to the technical field of coal-fired power station boiler environment protection and concretely belonging to SCR (selective catalytic reduction method) smoke system design of smoke denitrification technology. The coal-fired boiler smoke denitrification apparatus comprises smoke channels. The smoke channels are characterized by comprising ash and water discharging channels. The smoke channels are formed by a left smoke channel, a right smoke channel and a third smoke channel under the left and right smoke channels and the three smoke channels are arranged side by side; the bottom of the left smoke channel is communicated with the top of the right smoke channel via a first connection smoke channel (12); the third smoke channel is arranged under the left smoke channel at intervals; the bottom of the right smoke channel is communicated with the top of the third smoke channel via a second connection smoke channel (13); the bottoms of the left smoke channel and the right smoke channel are respectively provided with an ash and water discharging channel. Smoke channel accumulated water leaked from an economizer can be timely discharged out, so accumulated water can be prevented from flowing into an SCR reactor and technical problems of irreversible loss of the catalyst and inadequate smoke channel bearing force can be avoided; and the denitrification method can be simply operated and has great denitrification effect.
Description
Technical field
Fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus and method of denitration, belong to coal-fired power station boiler environmental technology field.Specifically SCR(selective catalytic reduction) gas denitrifying technology flue gas system design.Also may be used for the denitrating flue gas of plain cylindrical furnace.
Background technology
The flue gas system of coal-fired power station boiler mainly comprises: boiler furnace---superheater---high temperature section economizer---high temperature section preheater---low-temperature zone economizer---low-temperature zone preheater.Its technological process principle is: the flue gas of coal dust after burner hearth combustion is drawn from boiler export, first through superheater, then through high temperature section economizer, high temperature section preheater, low-temperature zone economizer, low-temperature zone preheater, after desulphurization denitration process is carried out to flue gas, air is entered.What current denitrating flue gas adopted is SCR reactor, consider in the denitration of flue gas that the activity of SCR catalyst reactor is very important, for conventional catalyst, generally (run 6000h every year) in use after 3 ~ 4 years, just need to have changed catalyst.The expense that SCR reactor just fills catalyst accounts for 20% of whole SCR equipment for denitrifying flue gas cost, for 600MW Thermal generation unit, the total price of first dress catalyst is about 2,000 ten thousand yuans, and catalyst acquisition expenses is about 500 ~ 7,000,000 yuans every year on average.Therefore, the catalyst in protection SCR reactor is the link of particular importance.Current flue denitrification apparatus great majority all do not consider that ponding can make catalyst cause irreversible damage, in addition, the flushing water rinsed flue during dust deposit in flue also can increase the risk that catalyst makes moist, cause the catalyst in SCR reactor that irreversible damage occurs, service life does not reach 3 ~ 4 years far away.Simultaneously a large amount of in flue flying dusts causes very large impact also can to the denitration effect of SCR catalyst reactor.
Application number is ZL201020280193.8, and the applying date is on August 3rd, 2010, and name is called: the practical patent of China of the integration equipment of a kind of waste heat boiler and SCR denitration device.Disclose the practical patent of China of the integration equipment of a kind of waste heat boiler and SCR denitration device, comprise waste heat boiler and SCR denitration device, the flue outlet of SCR denitration device is connected with the flue of waste heat boiler, the chimney intake of SCR denitration device communicates with waste heat boiler import, and waste heat boiler import department is provided with heat exchanger.This utility model patent is compared legacy equipment and is decreased heater and cooling device, reduces the energy consumption of whole equipment, more energy-conserving and environment-protective, also reduce further enterprise's production cost.But this utility model is in denitrification process, in high-temperature flue gas, be mixed into steam, irreversible damage has been caused to catalyst, do not consider the damage that dust deposit in flue ponding causes flue.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finds that in prior art, at least there are the following problems: have ignored the flue ponding that economizer leakage occurs in existing Denitration in Boiler device flue arrangement form, and flue ponding can not be discharged and flowed into SCR reactor and cause catalyst that irreversible damage occurs, or flue load deficiency causes problems such as collapsing, causes equipment to there is potential safety hazard.Meanwhile, a large amount of in flue flying dusts causes great impact to the denitration effect of SCR denitration device.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome prior art Problems existing, provides a kind of and dust stratification ponding in flue can be discharged in time, the catalyst in SCR reactor can not be made when cleaning dust deposit in flue to make moist the fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus of risk and method of denitration.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: this fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus, comprise exhaust gases passes, exhaust gases passes comprises the superheater be connected with boiler furnace top, the flue be connected with superheater, the high temperature section economizer installed in flue, high temperature section preheater, SCR reactor, low-temperature zone economizer, low-temperature zone preheater, it is characterized in that: ash discharge drainage channel is set, described exhaust gases passes is set to the left flue installed side by side, 3rd flue of right flue and below, successively high temperature section economizer and high temperature section preheater are installed from top to bottom in left flue, successively SCR reactor and low-temperature zone economizer are installed from top to bottom in right flue, left stack base is connected flue with right flue top by first and is communicated with, 3rd flue is disposed on below left flue, in 3rd flue, low-temperature zone preheater is installed, right stack base connects flue by second and is connected with the 3rd flue top, left, right stack base arranges ash discharge drainage channel respectively.Such layout, under the prerequisite not affecting flue denitration, recovery heat energy, reduces the volume of flue.
Preferably, the high temperature section economizer installed in described left flue and the parallel installation of SCR reactor of installing in right flue.
Preferably, it is vertical shape that first between described left and right flue connects flue.Prevent the ponding in flue to flow into SCR reactor, cause catalyst that irreversible damage occurs.
Preferably, described right stack base and the 3rd flue top be connected second to be connected flue be downward skewed.Skewed flue is conducive to the discharge of dust stratification ponding.
Preferably, described ash discharge drainage channel comprises ash bucket, drainpipe, and drainpipe one end connects ash bucket, and the other end accesses grey slag runner and forms passage, and position drainpipe being applicable to operation arranges gate and air-lock device.Ash discharge drainage channel the flue ponding problem well solving economizer leakage and occur is set.
Preferably, described gate and air-lock device are twice lock gate hatch and twice flapper, and twice flapper is between twice lock gate hatch.The setting of lock gate hatch and flapper, under the prerequisite that dust stratification ponding can be made to get rid of smoothly, blocks air oppositely enters flue.
Preferably, described drainpipe is the 20# carbon steel drainpipe of Φ 219 × 6, and upper and lower elbow bottom arranges expansion joint.
Preferably, four ash buckets are arranged side by side below described right flue.Such design makes the drain function of flue maximize, and protects flue better, improves the security of equipment.
Utilize the method for denitration of above-mentioned fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus as follows:
Flue gas in boiler furnace first by the superheater on top enter left flue top high temperature section economizer, under be advanced into high temperature section preheater, then by side bottom the high temperature section preheater of left stack base enter upwards first connect flue, the SCR reactor that flue enters right flue top is connected again by first, enter low-temperature zone economizer downwards successively, connect flue by second under being tilted to again and enter low-temperature zone preheater top, discharge finally by low-temperature zone preheater;
When economizer occurs to leak, the ponding in left flue or right flue can converge in ash bucket, and enters grey slag runner by the drainpipe below ash bucket;
Drainpipe is provided with lock gate hatch and flapper, lock gate hatch can allow flying dust and water pass through and discharge, and flapper blocks air oppositely enters flue.
The general principle of denitrification apparatus is: after boiler startup, heat smoke is by after the high temperature section economizer of right flue and high temperature section preheater, the temperature of flue gas is made to be in (300 ~ 400 DEG C) within the scope of the optimum activity of denitrating catalyst, and then enter SCR system, react with the nitrogen oxide in flue gas under the effect of catalyst after ammonia sprays into flue and generate nitrogen and water, thus realize denitration.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus and method of denitration have is:
Because arrange the left flue installed side by side, the exhaust gases passes of the 3rd flue composition of right flue and below and be arranged on left flue, the ash discharge drainage channel of right stack base, the flue ponding overcoming the economizer leakage appearance ignored in existing Denitration in Boiler device flue arrangement form can not be discharged, ponding inflow SCR reactor causes catalyst that irreversible damage occurs and flue load deficiency causes technical problems such as collapsing, and then reach the normal discharge neither affecting dust deposit in flue, when having taken into full account that again boiler economizer leaks, a large amount of ponding enters flue and can discharge in time, SCR catalyst damage and flue pressure-bearing deficiency can not be caused to collapse, improve security and the service life of equipment, enable the technique effect of denitrification apparatus safe and stable operation.In addition, this flue structure form of Bian, flue portion generation dust stratification before high temperature section economizer and catalyst, low input efficient water backwashing manner can be selected when carrying out deashing process, flushing water is discharged by the ash discharge waterpipe arranged, and can not affect the risk of making moist of SCR catalyst.The present invention makes the catalyst in SCR reactor farthest can keep active, avoids the problem that when catalyst activity is also enough to meet denitration requirement, catalyst is just destroyed, greatly saves the expense of plant maintenance.
Utilize the method for denitration convenient operation of fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus of the present invention, system stability, denitration effect are good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus schematic diagram.
Wherein: 1, boiler furnace 2, superheater 3, high temperature section economizer 4, high temperature section preheater 5, SCR reactor 6, low-temperature zone economizer 7, low-temperature zone preheater 8, ash bucket 9, drainpipe 10, lock gate hatch 11, flapper 12, first connect flue 13, second and connect flue.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is most preferred embodiment of the present invention, is described further fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus of the present invention and method of denitration below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1.
As shown in Figure 1: it is " horizontal S " shape that this fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus comprises a top, bottom is one section of vertical flue, " horizontal S " shape comprises the left flue in left side, middle first connects flue 12, the right flue on right side, below left flue, the 3rd flue is set every a segment distance, left stack base connects flue 12 by first of vertical direction and is connected with right flue top, by tilting below right flue second connects flue 13 is connected with the 3rd flue top, 3rd stack base communicates with air, the diameter on right flue top is greater than the diameter of bottom, right flue lower diameter and left flue, 3rd flue diameter is identical, left, the diameter of right flue and the 3rd flue will much larger than first, two connect flue diameter, on a left side, right stack base arranges one section of inclination away from the position connecting flue, for installing ash bucket 8.Such Flue duct design, reduces the volume of flue greatly, and improves the performance of flue.The top diameter of ash bucket 8 will be slightly smaller than the diameter of left and right flue, facilitates the installation of ash bucket 8 to seal.Drainpipe 9 is the 20# carbon steel drainpipe of Φ 219 × 6, and upper and lower elbow bottom arranges expansion joint.
Boiler furnace 1 and superheater 2 link together, superheater 2 is connected with the top of left flue, successively high temperature section economizer 3 and high temperature section preheater 4 are installed from top to bottom in left flue, left stack base is connected flue 12 with first straight up and connects, second connects flue 13 is connected with right flue top, successively SCR reactor 5 and low-temperature zone economizer 6 are installed from top to bottom in right flue, right stack base is connected flue 13 and is connected with second of inclination, second connects flue 13 is connected with the 3rd flue top, in 3rd flue, low-temperature zone preheater 7 is installed, 3rd stack base is communicated with air by flue.Left stack base arranges 1 ash bucket 8, and right stack base is arranged side by side four ash buckets 8, and the side of ash bucket 8 leans against inclination place of left and right flue.Drainpipe 9 is connected below ash bucket 8, drainpipe 9 one end connects ash bucket 8, the other end accesses grey slag runner and forms passage, twice lock gate hatch 10 and twice flapper 11 are installed in the position being applicable to operation at drainpipe 9, twice flapper 11 is arranged between twice lock gate hatch 10 side by side side by side, lock gate hatch 10 can allow flying dust and water pass through and discharge, and flapper 11 blocks air oppositely enters flue.
The denitration of fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus is as follows:
Flue gas in boiler furnace 1 first by the superheater 2 on top enter left flue top high temperature section economizer 3, under be advanced into high temperature section preheater 4, then by side bottom the high temperature section preheater 4 of left stack base enter upwards first connect flue 12, the SCR reactor 5 that flue 12 enters right flue top is connected again by first, enter low-temperature zone economizer 6 downwards successively, connect flue 13 by second under being tilted to again and enter low-temperature zone preheater 7 top, then discharged by low-temperature zone preheater 7.
Opened by twice lock gate hatch 10 on same drainpipe 9 during boiler operatiopn, when economizer occurs to leak, the ponding in left flue or right flue can converge in ash bucket 8, and enters grey slag runner by the drainpipe 9 below ash bucket 8.
Drainpipe 9 is provided with lock gate hatch 10 and flapper 11, lock gate hatch 10 can allow flying dust and water pass through and discharge, and flapper 11 blocks air oppositely enters flue.
The effect of this embodiment is compared with conventional design, this invention neither affects the normal discharge of dust deposit in flue, when having taken into full account that again boiler economizer leaks, a large amount of ponding enters flue and can discharge in time, SCR catalyst damage and flue pressure-bearing deficiency can not be caused to collapse, improve the security of equipment, enable denitrification apparatus safe and stable operation.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus, comprise exhaust gases passes, exhaust gases passes comprises the superheater (2) be connected with boiler furnace (1) top, the flue be connected with superheater (2), the high temperature section economizer (3) installed in flue, high temperature section preheater (4), SCR reactor (5), low-temperature zone economizer (6), low-temperature zone preheater (7), it is characterized in that: ash discharge drainage channel is set, described exhaust gases passes is set to the left flue installed side by side, 3rd flue of right flue and below, successively high temperature section economizer (3) and high temperature section preheater (4) are installed from top to bottom in left flue, successively SCR reactor (5) and low-temperature zone economizer (6) are installed from top to bottom in right flue, left stack base is connected flue (12) with right flue top by first and is communicated with, 3rd flue is disposed on below left flue, in 3rd flue, low-temperature zone preheater (7) is installed, right stack base connects flue (13) by second and is connected with the 3rd flue top, left, right stack base arranges ash discharge drainage channel respectively.
2. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the high temperature section economizer (3) installed in described left flue and SCR reactor (5) the parallel installation of installing in right flue.
3. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is vertical shape that first between described left and right flue connects flue (12).
4. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: what described right stack base and the 3rd flue top were connected second is connected flue (13) for downward skewed.
5. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ash discharge drainage channel comprises ash bucket (8), drainpipe (9), drainpipe (9) one end connects ash bucket (8), the other end accesses grey slag runner and forms passage, and the upper position being applicable to operation of drainpipe (9) arranges gate and air-lock device.
6. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described gate and air-lock device are twice lock gate hatch (10) and twice flapper (11), and twice flapper (11) is positioned between twice lock gate hatch (10).
7. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the 20# carbon steel drainpipe that described drainpipe (9) is Φ 219 × 6, upper and lower elbow bottom arranges expansion joint.
8. fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus according to claim 4, is characterized in that: be arranged side by side four ash buckets (8) below described right flue.
9. utilize a method of denitration for the arbitrary fire coal boiler fume denitrification apparatus of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: method is as follows:
First flue gas in boiler furnace (1) enters the high temperature section economizer (3) on left flue top by the superheater (2) on top, under be advanced into high temperature section preheater (4), what then entered upwards by side, the high temperature section preheater (4) of left stack base bottom first connects flue (12), the SCR reactor (5) that flue (12) enters right flue top is connected again by first, enter low-temperature zone economizer (6) successively downwards, connect flue (13) by second under being tilted to again and enter low-temperature zone preheater (7) top, discharge finally by low-temperature zone preheater (7),
When economizer occurs to leak, the ponding in left flue or right flue can converge in ash bucket (8), and enters grey slag runner by the drainpipe (9) of ash bucket (8) below;
Drainpipe (9) is provided with lock gate hatch (10) and flapper (11), lock gate hatch (10) can allow flying dust and water pass through and discharge, and flapper (11) blocks air oppositely enters flue.
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| CN201410523507.5A CN105570916A (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2014-10-08 | Coal-fired boiler smoke denitrification apparatus and denitrification method |
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| CN201410523507.5A CN105570916A (en) | 2014-10-08 | 2014-10-08 | Coal-fired boiler smoke denitrification apparatus and denitrification method |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105953259A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-21 | 南京电力设备质量性能检验中心 | Coal-fired power plant boiler system and denitration system operation collaborative optimization method |
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| CN105953259A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-21 | 南京电力设备质量性能检验中心 | Coal-fired power plant boiler system and denitration system operation collaborative optimization method |
| CN106540543A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-03-29 | 启迪桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | A kind of multiple pass type selective catalytic reduction denitration device |
| CN106540543B (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2022-12-02 | 启迪环境科技发展股份有限公司 | Multi-pass selective catalytic reduction denitration device |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |