CN105569637A - Heavy oil thermal recovery microscopic displacement experiment system - Google Patents
Heavy oil thermal recovery microscopic displacement experiment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105569637A CN105569637A CN201410642984.3A CN201410642984A CN105569637A CN 105569637 A CN105569637 A CN 105569637A CN 201410642984 A CN201410642984 A CN 201410642984A CN 105569637 A CN105569637 A CN 105569637A
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Abstract
The invention provides a heavy oil thermal recovery microscopic displacement experiment system. The heavy oil thermal recovery microscopic displacement experiment system comprises an injection system, a model system, an output system, and an image acquisition and analysis system. The injection system is provided with a power source to provide displacement thermal fluid. The model system receives the displacement thermal fluid provided by the injection system, and uses an inert gas to apply and control circling pressure on the periphery of a micro model, so as to carry out a displacement experiment on heavy oil by the thermal fluid. The output system receives output liquid after the displacement experiment, and maintains certain return pressure. The image acquisition and analysis system performs dynamic observation and shooting on a microscopic displacement process, and researches microscopic percolation characteristics and displacement mechanism. Through improving heating heat-retaining property and sealing property of the experiment system and return pressure control design, the heavy oil thermal recovery microscopic displacement experiment system makes an experiment process and an experiment method more reliable. The system can carry out heavy oil thermal recovery microscopic displacement experiments, and researches displacement effect analysis and displacement mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to viscous crude field development technique field, particularly relate to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system.
Background technology
Viscosity of thickened oil is high, and density is large, and production flow dynamic resistance is large, and thermal recovery is current the most effective mining type.The condition of on-the-spot heavy crude heat extraction HTHP makes glass microscopic model two-dimensional visualization analogue experiment installation conventional at present face new problem: 1) how high temperature requirement ensures the temperature of whole experimental system from the consideration of system whole experimental facilities and experimental technique, thus ensures that the mobility of viscous crude is consistent in the various piece and whole experimentation of experimental facilities; 2) sealing of the whole experimental facilities of high pressure requirement, pressure system can be kept constant when experimental equilibrium, the pressure system fluctuation switched between different fluid when injecting can be prevented in experimentation, thus avoid pressure oscillation experiment effect is impacted; 3) there is no consideration and carry out back pressure control, do not cause the pressure oscillation of whole experimental system simultaneously.
Number of patent application is 200610165013.X, 200820123024.6, three Chinese patent application of 201310280351.8 are all simple propose glass microscopic model clamper, but they are all the high-temperature and high-pressure visual experiments carried out for conventional crude, only this device of micromodel clamper is designed, the design of clamper cannot adapt to the new needs of heavy crude heat extraction experiment to HTHP, does not more design from the angle of whole experimental system heavy crude heat extraction experiment.We have invented a kind of new heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system for this reason, solve above technical problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly complete heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment and the heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system of theory analysis can be carried out experimental result.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system, this heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system comprises injected system, model system, output system and IMAQ and analytical system, this injected system has power source to provide displacement hot fluid, this model system is connected to this injected system, receive the body hot fluid that this injected system provides, and adopt inert gas carry out the applying of ring pressure around micromodel and control to carry out the displacement test of hot fluid to viscous crude, this output system is connected to this model system, receive the output liquid after displacement test, and keep certain back pressure, this IMAQ and analytical system are connected to this model system, carry out dynamically observing and shooting to microcosmic displacement process, and carry out the research of micro-flow characteristics and driving mechanism.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
This injected system comprises injection pump and insulating box, many the HTHP intermediate receptacles with fluorine glue inner bag and the first temperature controller are placed in this insulating box, this injection pump is connected to this many HTHP intermediate receptacles, and power source is provided, power fluid is injected these many HTHP intermediate receptacles and extrude fluorine glue inner bag to discharge the displacing fluid of fluorine glue inner bag, the displacing fluid of discharging from these many HTHP intermediate receptacles is transmitted to the export pipeline of heating and thermal insulation band parcel, and this first temperature controller detects the temperature of displacing fluid.
These many HTHP intermediate receptacles comprise the first HTHP intermediate receptacle, second HTHP intermediate receptacle and third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle, viscous crude is filled with in fluorine glue inner bag in this first HTHP intermediate receptacle, fill with formation water in fluorine glue inner bag in this second HTHP intermediate receptacle, in the fluorine glue inner bag in this third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle, contain certain density chemical solution.
This model system comprises helium tank, high-temperature high-pressure visual still, micromodel support and glass microscopic model, in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still cavity, this glass microscopic model is fixed in the sealing of this micromodel support, the entrance and exit that this glass microscopic model diagonal is provided with entrance and exit and this micromodel support forms seal channel, displacing fluid enters into this glass microscopic model being placed in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still inner chamber through this micromodel support, this helium tank is connected to this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, for providing ring pressure around this glass microscopic model.
This micromodel support is that drawer type inserts in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, and with the side of bolton at this high-temperature high-pressure visual still.
This model system also comprises the first constent temperature heater, second temperature controller, second constent temperature heater and the 3rd temperature controller, this first constent temperature heater is connected to this micromodel support, and this micromodel support is heated, second temperature controller is connected to this micromodel support, and monitor the temperature of this microcosmic stent model, this second constent temperature heater is connected to this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, and inert gas in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still is heated, 3rd temperature controller is connected to this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, and the temperature of monitoring in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still,
This model system also comprises the first atmospheric valve and the first gas control valve, this first atmospheric valve is near the entrance of this glass microscopic model, so that by emptying for the dead volume in end plate between pipeline and this micromodel support, this first gas control valve is connected between this helium tank and this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, regulates the size of this high-temperature high-pressure visual still inner ring pressure.
This output system comprises receiving vessel, 3rd atmospheric valve, nitrogen cylinder, second gas control valve, heating and thermal insulation band and one way valve, this one way valve is connected between the outlet of this glass microscopic model and this receiving vessel, output liquid after displacement test enters into this receiving vessel by this one way valve, this nitrogen cylinder provides certain back pressure for this receiving vessel, this second gas control valve is connected between this nitrogen cylinder and this receiving vessel, regulate the size of back pressure in this receiving vessel, 3rd atmospheric valve is connected to this receiving vessel, the back pressure in this receiving vessel is carried out pressure release after experiment, this heating and thermal insulation band many of wrapping up in this heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system need the pipeline of insulation.
This IMAQ and analytical system comprise microscope, camera, end light source, movable pedestal, microscope column and computer, the base interior of this microscope column is equipped with this end light source, pedestal is placed this movable pedestal, this movable pedestal all around micro-can move this high-temperature high-pressure visual still placed thereon, when light source is opened at this end, observed by the process of this microscope to the hot fluid displacement viscous crude in this glass microscopic model of this high-temperature high-pressure visual still inside of the top of this high-temperature high-pressure visual still visual window, the image observed first is converted to data and is transferred to this computer by this camera be positioned at above this microscope, these data are converted to image by this computer again, to carry out experiment dynamically observing and shooting, and by this computer, the seepage flow characteristics of hot fluid displacement viscous crude and microcosmic mechanism are studied.
This heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system operationally, comprises the following steps:
This glass microscopic model is adopted vacuumizing method saturated formation water, this micromodel support being then installed to drawer type inserts good seal in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still;
Viscous crude is filled with respectively, formation water in the multiple HTHP intermediate receptacles in this injected system, and certain density chemical solution;
Arrange wrap up pipeline in the insulating box in this injected system, this output system heating and thermal insulation band, this high-temperature high-pressure visual still temperature for experiment temperature required, keep at least 2h;
Set up ring pressure and the outlet back pressure of this glass microscopic model;
The injection pump in this injected system is utilized to be exported by the viscous crude be equipped with in the HTHP intermediate receptacle of viscous crude, after emptying for the dead volume in pipeline and this micromodel support end plate, viscous crude is entered in this glass microscopic model through this micromodel support, until when this glass microscopic model port of export is no longer moisture, stop injecting, set up the irreducible water saturation in this glass microscopic model;
When carrying out viscous crude heat chemistry and driving, this injection pump is utilized the hot water be equipped with in the HTHP intermediate receptacle of hot water or steam or steam to be exported by the pipeline mixing shared with the chemical solution be equipped with in the HTHP intermediate receptacle of chemical solution, after viscous crude discharge in the dead volume in pipeline and this micromodel support end plate, now hot water or steam start to enter into this glass microscopic model through this micromodel support, to carry out the displacement test of hot fluid to viscous crude;
Adopt this IMAQ and analytical system to carry out dynamically observing and shooting to microcosmic displacement process, and carry out the research of micro-flow characteristics and driving mechanism.
Heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system in the present invention, relates to microscopic displacement experiment system and the using method thereof of hot water flooding or steam flooding Displacement Efficiency and mechanism of oil displacement research in heavy crude heat extraction process.Specifically comprise the percolation law that the hot water flooding of viscous crude, steam flooding and heat chemistry drive process medium fluid, oil displacement efficiency and mechanism of action.Glass microscopic model clamper of the present invention constructs patent different from the past, to the requirement of device heating and thermal insulation and sealing when more can adapt to HTHP heavy crude heat extraction, do not cause the pressure oscillation of whole experimental system while carrying out back pressure control, the appropriate design of whole experimental system meets the condition of heavy crude heat extraction microphysics simulated experiment.The present invention is from heating and thermal insulation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of the consideration heavy crude heat extraction microphysics simulated experiment of system whole experimental facilities and method and sealing, and the back pressure keeping the overheated water drive at a certain temperature or steam flooding and carry out controls, the present invention is injected into output overall process from fluid and carries out heating and thermal insulation control, " drawer type " glass microscopic model support avoid repeatedly dismantle visual window cause device sealing unreliable, control basis installs additional one way valve in output back pressure to effectively prevent each operation in experimentation and cause the pressure oscillation of system to cause the backflow of fluid in micromodel to fluctuate.The present invention, by improving heating and thermal insulation and the sealing of experimental system, carries out back pressure control design case, makes experiment flow and experimental technique more reliable, can carry out heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment, carries out oil displacement efficiency analysis and mechanism of oil displacement research.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment of heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment of heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the structure chart of heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system of the present invention.This heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system is made up of injected system, model system, output system and IMAQ and analytical system.
Injected system, wherein injection pump provides power source, three HTHP intermediate receptacles with the removable piston of fluorine glue inner bag are placed in insulating box provides displacement hot fluid for experiment, the connecting line outside insulating box is enclosed with the temperature that heating and thermal insulation band keeps exporting liquid.
Injected system comprises: injection pump 3 and desk-top insulating box 10, and the first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7, second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8 of the removable piston of interior fluorine-containing glue inner bag 15, third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9, first valve 4, second valve 5, the 3rd valve 6, the 4th valve 11, the 5th valve 12, the 6th valve 13 and the first temperature controller 14 are all positioned at insulating box 10.4th valve 11 is connected between the first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7 and injection pump 3, is by-pass valve control.5th valve 12 is connected between the second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8 and injection pump 3, is by-pass valve control.6th valve 13 is connected between third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9 and injection pump 3, is by-pass valve control.First valve 4 is connected between the export pipeline that the first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7 and heating and thermal insulation band 22 wrap up, and is by-pass valve control.Second valve 5 is connected between the export pipeline that the second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8 and heating and thermal insulation band 22 wrap up, and is by-pass valve control.3rd valve 6 is connected between the export pipeline that third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9 and heating and thermal insulation band 22 wrap up, and is by-pass valve control.Injection pump 3 is connected to the first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7, second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8, third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9, and power fluid is injected be placed in the first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7, second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8 of desk-top insulating box 10, third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9 extrudes fluorine glue inner bag 15 to discharge the displacing fluid of fluorine glue inner bag 15.The displacing fluid of discharging from three intermediate receptacles is transmitted to the export pipeline that heating and thermal insulation band 22 wraps up.The temperature of displacing fluid can be monitored by the first temperature controller 14.In one embodiment, injection pump 3 is ISCO-65D injection pump.
Model system, micromodel support sealing fixing glass micromodel in high-temperature high-pressure visual still cavity, the entrance and exit that this model diagonal is provided with entrance and exit and micromodel support forms seal channel, adopts inert gas to carry out applying and the control of ring pressure around model.
Model system comprises: high pressure helium gas cylinder 1, first gas control valve 2, low pressure sensor 16, high pressure sensor 17, the 7th valve 18, the 8th valve 19, the tenth valve the 20, the 11 valve 21, first atmospheric valve 23, second temperature controller 30, first constent temperature heater 31, high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35, micromodel support 36, second atmospheric valve 37, second constent temperature heater 38, the 3rd temperature controller 39, glass microscopic model 40, the first pressure sensor 42.The export pipeline that displacing fluid wraps up through heating and thermal insulation band 22, by by-pass valve control 19-21, enters into the glass microscopic model 40 being placed in high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 inner chamber through micromodel support 36.Temperature in high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 carries out regulable control by permanent second constent temperature heater 38 and the 3rd temperature controller 39.The temperature of micromodel support 36 carries out regulable control by constent temperature heater 31 and temperature controller 30.
In one embodiment, micromodel support 36 inserts in high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 in " drawer type ", and with the side of bolton at high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35.This design achieves does not dismantle visual window and can take out model, ensure that clamper HTHP sealing reliability.
8th valve 19 is connected with oiling pipeline.Tenth valve 20 is connected with the pipeline of note displacing fluid.Adopt laser to be carved with the fluid passage of internal diameter 1mm in the body structure inside of micromodel support 36, oil and displacing fluid can enter in this fluid passage respectively by control the 8th valve 19 and the tenth valve 20.On-off action is only played at the 11 valve 21 of the entrance near micromodel, control fluid and enter micromodel: when the saturated viscous crude of micromodel is complete be converted to the displacing fluid displacement of reservoir oil time, measure pressure at inlet now by low pressure sensor 16 (using under low pressure) or high pressure sensor 17 (using under high pressure) and record and be designated as P
1, then temporary close the 11 valve 21; Opening the tenth valve 20 is injected in fluid passage by displacing fluid, opens the first atmospheric valve 23 simultaneously; Injecting displacing fluid replaces totally to the viscous crude in the 11 valve 21 this section of fluid passage by the first atmospheric valve 23 by the 8th valve 19; Close the first atmospheric valve 23 again, continue inject displacing fluid until the pressure of displacing fluid rise to saturated viscous crude complete time pressure value P
1, open the 11 valve 21, displacing fluid just enters displacement viscous crude in micromodel.
Low pressure sensor 16 is connected with injection pipeline by threeway with high pressure sensor 17.Low pressure sensor 16 is adopted to measure displacing fluid pressure when pressure display floater display pressure is less than 2MPa on high temperature oven; During more than 2MPa, by closing the valve between low pressure sensor 16 and threeway, being switched to and adopting high pressure sensor 17 to carry out displacing fluid pressure measxurement.
Second constent temperature heater 38 is a heated probe, ins succession high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 kettle inside cavity in one end, and to inert gas heating in still, the other end is ined succession temperature control box; 3rd temperature controller 39 is temperature probes by being inserted into high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 kettle inside, sensor is connected with temperature control box.Temperature control box has heating and function of temperature control, and temperature data is presented on the Temperature displaying panel of desk-top insulating box 10.
One end of second temperature controller 30 is be embedded in the temperature probe on micromodel support 26 end plate, and the other end connects temperature control box; One end of first constent temperature heater 31 be embedded in micromodel support 26 end plate on heated probe, the other end is connected to temperature control box.The second radiator valve 30 is controlled and the first constent temperature heater 31 carries out heating and temperature control for model support 26 by insulating box.Temperature displaying is on temperature control box panel.
Helium tank 1 is connected to high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35, and for high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 provides ring pressure, the first gas control valve 2 is connected between helium tank 1 and high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35, regulates the size of high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 inner ring pressure.Ring pressure size is carried out regulable control by the first gas control valve 2 and is monitored by the first pressure sensor 42.Test complete, ring pressure carries out pressure release by the second atmospheric valve 37.
First pressure sensor 42 is connected in a threeway, two other interface of threeway, an interface is connected on helium tank 1 by pipeline via pressure regulator valve 2, and another mouthful is connected on the through hole of high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 side via the second atmospheric valve 37 by pipeline.Second atmospheric valve 37 is connected on pipeline kettle upstream line by threeway, and can pressure in slow releasing kettle after experiment.
The position of the first atmospheric valve 23 is positioned at immediately below the 11 valve 21, is expressed as connection shown in the drawings to describe the problem.Concrete purposes is: when the saturated viscous crude of micromodel is complete be converted to the displacing fluid displacement of reservoir oil time, measure pressure at inlet now by low pressure sensor 16 (using under low pressure) or high pressure sensor 17 (using under high pressure) and record and be designated as P
1, then temporary close the 11 valve 21; Opening the tenth valve 20 is injected in fluid passage by displacing fluid, opens the first atmospheric valve 23 simultaneously; Injecting displacing fluid replaces totally to the viscous crude in the 11 valve 21 this section of fluid passage by the first atmospheric valve 23 by the 8th valve 19; Close the first atmospheric valve 23 again, continue inject displacing fluid until the pressure of displacing fluid rise to saturated viscous crude complete time pressure value P
1, open the 11 valve 21, displacing fluid just enters displacement viscous crude in micromodel.
Output system, export liquid and enter into airtight receiving vessel through one way valve, by keeping certain back pressure to injecting gas in receiving vessel, and carry out the regulating and control of back pressure by atmospheric valve, concrete back pressure value is monitored by pressure sensor.
Output system comprises: heating and thermal insulation band 22, one way valve 24, the 3rd atmospheric valve 25, second pressure sensor 26, receiving vessel 27, second gas control valve 43, high-pressure nitrogen bottle 44.High-pressure nitrogen bottle 44 is connected to receiving vessel 27, and for providing certain back pressure in receiving vessel 27, the second gas control valve 43 is connected between high-pressure nitrogen bottle 44 and receiving vessel 27, regulates the size of back pressure in receiving vessel 27.Second pressure sensor 26 is connected to receiving vessel 27, the size of back pressure in monitoring receiving vessel 27.One way valve 24 is connected to glass microscopic model 40 and exports between receiving vessel 27, and glass microscopic model 40 exports the pipeline and one way valve 24 of hot fluid through being wrapped with heating and thermal insulation band 22 that flow out and enters into receiving vessel 27.3rd atmospheric valve 25 is connected to receiving vessel 27, and after experiment, the back pressure in receiving vessel 27 can carry out pressure release by atmospheric valve 25.
In one embodiment, back pressure and glass microscopic model 40 outlet pressure can be kept apart by the one way valve 24 above the liquid inlet of receiving vessel 27, and the fluid in glass microscopic model 40 is unbalance to be impacted displacement process can to prevent liquid refluence from causing in experimentation.In addition, the pressure oscillation of whole experimental system can not be caused when regulating back pressure, ensure that the steady and continuity of pressure in experimentation.
IMAQ and analytical system, colorful digital camera carries out dynamically observing and shooting to the microcosmic displacement process under stereomicroscope (providing transmitted light to be convenient to observe the internal flow phenomenon of micromodel), is carried out the research of micro-flow characteristics and driving mechanism by the image analysis software of specialty.
IMAQ and analytical system: Leica microscope 28, professional colour imagery shot 29, end light source 32, movable pedestal 33, microscope column 34, computer 41.The base interior of microscope column 34 is equipped with end light source 32, pedestal is placed movable pedestal 33, and movable pedestal 33 all around micro-can move high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 placed thereon.When end light source 32 is opened, can be observed the process of the hot fluid displacement viscous crude in the glass microscopic model 40 of high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 inside by the microscope 28 of the top of reactor visual window.The image observed first is converted to the image software that data are transferred to computer 41, then is converted to image by the colour specialty camera 29 be arranged in above microscope 28, thus the shooting achieved experimentation or video recording.Further, the analysis module by carrying in image software is studied the seepage flow characteristics of hot fluid displacement viscous crude and microcosmic mechanism.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of using method of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system, comprising:
Glass microscopic model 40 is adopted the saturated formation water of vacuumizing method, be then installed on " drawer type " micromodel support 36 and insert good seal in high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35;
In the fluorine glue inner bag 15 in the first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7, fill with viscous crude, fill with formation water in the fluorine glue inner bag 15 in the second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8, the fluorine glue inner bag 15 in third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9 contains certain density chemical solution;
Arrange desk-top insulating box 10, heating and thermal insulation band 22, high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 temperature for experiment temperature required, keep at least 2h;
Set up ring pressure and the outlet back pressure of glass microscopic model 40;
Injection pump 3 is utilized to be exported by the viscous crude in first HTHP intermediate receptacle 7, close the 11 valve 21, open the 8th valve 19 and the first atmospheric valve 23, after dead volume between pipeline and micromodel support 36 in end plate is emptying, close the first atmospheric valve 23 again and open the 11 valve 21, now viscous crude enters in glass microscopic model 40 through micromodel support 36, until when glass microscopic model 40 port of export is no longer moisture, stop injecting, set up the irreducible water saturation in glass microscopic model 40;
When carrying out viscous crude heat chemistry and driving, open the second valve 5 and the 3rd valve 6, injection pump 3 is utilized to be exported by the pipeline mixing shared by the chemical solution in the hot water in second HTHP intermediate receptacle 8 or steam and third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle 9, close the 11 valve 21, open the 8th valve 19 and inject displacing fluid, open the first atmospheric valve 23 simultaneously, replaced totally until the 8th valve 19 to the viscous crude in the 11 valve 21 this section of fluid passage, close the first atmospheric valve 23, when pressure rises to saturated complete viscous crude during the force value of model entrance, open the 11 valve 21, now hot water or steam start to enter into glass microscopic model 40 displacement viscous crude through micromodel support 36, viscous crude interference experiment when not only having avoided displacement in dead volume but also be conducive to maintaining the stability of pressure,
The base interior of microscope column 34 is equipped with end light source 32, pedestal is placed movable pedestal 33, and movable pedestal 33 all around micro-can move high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 placed thereon.When end light source 32 is opened, can be observed the process of the hot fluid displacement viscous crude in the glass microscopic model 40 of high-temperature high-pressure visual still 35 inside by the microscope 28 of the top of reactor visual window.The image observed first is converted to the image software that data are transferred to computer 41, then is converted to image by the colour specialty camera 29 be arranged in above microscope 28, thus the shooting achieved experimentation or video recording.Further, the analysis module by carrying in image software is studied the seepage flow characteristics of hot fluid displacement viscous crude and microcosmic mechanism.
In an embodiment, the ring pressure setting up glass microscopic model comprises:
Open the valve of high pressure helium gas cylinder 1, by the first gas control valve 2 regulation output pressure size, and with the pressure monitoring in the first pressure sensor 42 pairs of high-temperature high-pressure visual stills 35, ring pressure after pressure stabilisation applies complete.
In an embodiment, in order to obtain superheated fluid and steam, certain back pressure must be applied, comprising:
Open the valve of HTHP nitrogen cylinder 44, regulated by the back pressure in the second gas control valve 43 pairs of receiving vessels 27, the large I of concrete back pressure is monitored by the second pressure sensor 26.Entrance top due to receiving vessel 27 is provided with one way valve 24 and the pressure isolation that the back pressure in receiving vessel 27 and glass microscopic model 40 export can be opened, prevent back pressure and outlet pressure is inconsistent causes the fluid distrbution in glass microscopic model 40 to change even to reflux, ensure that pressure in experimentation steadily and continuity.When testing complete, the back pressure in receiving vessel 27 carries out pressure release by the 3rd atmospheric valve 25.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment of heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment method of the present invention.This flow process comprises:
1, pretreatment
Pretreatment before experiment comprises heavy oil dehydration degasification, formation water filters and degasification and micromodel saturated.
Heavy oil dehydration degasification: dewater under enchashment field viscous crude carries out high temperature, carried out filtering reservoir sand simultaneously.Then at high temperature process is vacuumized to viscous crude, the gas in removing viscous crude.At once high-heat heavy crude to be poured in desk-top insulating box into good seal in corresponding intermediate receptacle after degasification.Experimental temperature according to the rheological characteristic of viscous crude with the operability of the mobility and experiment that ensure viscous crude for standard is determined.
Formation water filters and degasification: according to in-situ data preparation formation water, then filter with pellicle formation water, the formation water after filtering is vacuumized degasification.To pour in desk-top insulating box the surfactant solution of formation water and formation water configuration in corresponding intermediate receptacle good seal.
Micromodel saturated: first micromodel is put into beaker and vacuumize 2h, is drawn through under vacuum and filters and the formation water of degasification.An entrance of model and etching pattern immerse underwater, when another entrance is positioned at ullage, stop saturation water continuing to vacuumize 0.5h, then continue saturation water and be also positioned at below liquid level to another entrance.When visually observing bubble-free in model, the saturated formation water of model is complete.
2, the installation of experimental system
Connecting line, is placed in closed condition by all valves.Micromodel is mounted on " drawer type " micromodel support, inserts in high-temperature high-pressure visual still.
3, experimental system temperature regulates and controls
Arrange according to on-the-spot formation temperature and thermal recovery experimental temperature and in conjunction with the temperature of rheological characteristic to desk-top insulating box and heating tape of viscous crude, constant temperature 2h after setting completed.The standard of thermal creep stress is between formation temperature and thermal recovery experimental temperature, selects lower temperature, be convenient to the viscous crude saturation effect ensureing next step under the condition ensureing viscous crude mobility.
4, the regulating and control of model loop pressure
The ring pressure ratio injection pressure height 2MPa of micromodel is required, along with the injection pressure of carrying out of thermal recovery experiment raises gradually, so ring pressure needs progressively to become large accordingly according to the rising of injection pressure in heavy crude heat extraction process.Should be noted that increasing of experimental temperature also can cause ring to press increase in addition, need experimentally injection pressure adjustable ring pressure size.
5, the saturated viscous crude of model
When irreducible water made by the saturated viscous crude of micromodel, temperature is lower as far as possible on guarantee viscous crude rheological characteristic basis, and viscous crude is the formation water in piston-like displacement model.In order to ensure to inject effect, injection rate progressively increases, model saturation balance, and irreducible water distribution rationally.During saturated viscous crude, along with injection pressure raises the ring pressure size needing to regulate model, ensure the large 2MPa of ring pressure ratio injection pressure.
6, the foundation of back pressure
In heavy crude heat extraction process, during overheated water drive, form the back pressure 0.5MPa larger than water saturation vapour pressure under experimental temperature that superheated water needs to apply; During steam flooding, form the back pressure 0.5MPa less of water saturation vapour pressure under experimental temperature that steam needs to apply.Therefore, the saturated vapor pressure that experimentally temperature determination water is corresponding at such a temperature, during overheated water drive, back pressure is set greater than saturated vapor pressure 0.5MPa, and during steam flooding, back pressure is set smaller than saturated vapor pressure 0.5MPa.
7, viscous crude hot water/steam (chemistry) drives
Before viscous crude hot water/steam (chemistry) drives, first the temperature of desk-top insulating box, heating tape and high-temperature high-pressure visual still is all adjusted to experimental temperature and constant temperature 2h, then carries out displacement.Along with the carrying out of displacement, injection pressure raises, and adjustable ring pressure size is greater than injection pressure 2MPa all the time.
8, IMAQ and analysis
Regulate light source of the microscopical end, base and focal length, make micromodel clear picture complete be transferred to computer.Along with the carrying out of experiment observes shooting to the carrying out of experimentation in real time.After experiment is carried out, dynamic image analysis software is adopted to carry out theory analysis to the percolation law of fluid in micromodel and displacement mechanism.
The heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system of the embodiment of the present invention can to complete in model heavy crude heat extraction process in micromodel hot fluid to the displacement test of viscous crude, has not only comprised hot water flooding but also has comprised heat chemistry and driven; Can be used for the research of heavy crude heat extraction microscopic percolation mechanism and heavy crude heat extraction Displacement Efficiency.Above-described specific embodiment, has carried out further detailed description to object of the present invention, technical scheme.Through multiple authentication and improvement, this cover heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system can carry out heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment, carries out oil displacement efficiency analysis and mechanism of oil displacement research.
Claims (10)
1. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system, it is characterized in that, this heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system comprises injected system, model system, output system and IMAQ and analytical system, this injected system has power source to provide displacement hot fluid, this model system is connected to this injected system, what receive that this injected system provides drives body heat fluid, and adopt inert gas carry out the applying of ring pressure around micromodel and control to carry out the displacement test of hot fluid to viscous crude, this output system is connected to this model system, receive the output liquid after displacement test, and keep certain back pressure, this IMAQ and analytical system are connected to this model system, carry out dynamically observing and shooting to microcosmic displacement process, and carry out the research of micro-flow characteristics and driving mechanism.
2. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this injected system comprises injection pump and insulating box, many the HTHP intermediate receptacles with fluorine glue inner bag and the first temperature controller are placed in this insulating box, this injection pump is connected to this many HTHP intermediate receptacles, and power source is provided, power fluid is injected these many HTHP intermediate receptacles and extrude fluorine glue inner bag to discharge the displacing fluid of fluorine glue inner bag, the displacing fluid of discharging from these many HTHP intermediate receptacles is transmitted to the export pipeline of heating and thermal insulation band parcel, this first temperature controller detects the temperature of displacing fluid.
3. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, these many HTHP intermediate receptacles comprise the first HTHP intermediate receptacle, second HTHP intermediate receptacle and third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle, viscous crude is filled with in fluorine glue inner bag in this first HTHP intermediate receptacle, fill with formation water in fluorine glue inner bag in this second HTHP intermediate receptacle, in the fluorine glue inner bag in this third high temperature high pressure intermediate receptacle, contain certain density chemical solution.
4. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this model system comprises helium tank, high-temperature high-pressure visual still, micromodel support and glass microscopic model, in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still cavity, this glass microscopic model is fixed in the sealing of this micromodel support, the entrance and exit that this glass microscopic model diagonal is provided with entrance and exit and this micromodel support forms seal channel, displacing fluid enters into this glass microscopic model being placed in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still inner chamber through this micromodel support, this helium tank is connected to this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, for providing ring pressure around this glass microscopic model.
5. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, this micromodel support is that drawer type inserts in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, and with the side of bolton at this high-temperature high-pressure visual still.
6. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, this model system also comprises the first constent temperature heater, second temperature controller, second constent temperature heater and the 3rd temperature controller, this first constent temperature heater is connected to this micromodel support, and this micromodel support is heated, second temperature controller is connected to this micromodel support, and monitor the temperature of this microcosmic stent model, this second constent temperature heater is connected to this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, and inert gas in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still is heated, 3rd temperature controller is connected to this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, and the temperature of monitoring in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still.
7. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, this model system also comprises the first atmospheric valve and the first gas control valve, this first atmospheric valve is near the entrance of this glass microscopic model, so that by emptying for the dead volume in end plate between pipeline and this micromodel support, this first gas control valve is connected between this helium tank and this high-temperature high-pressure visual still, regulates the size of this high-temperature high-pressure visual still inner ring pressure.
8. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, this output system comprises receiving vessel, 3rd atmospheric valve, nitrogen cylinder, second gas control valve, heating and thermal insulation band and one way valve, this one way valve is connected between the outlet of this glass microscopic model and this receiving vessel, output liquid after displacement test enters into this receiving vessel by this one way valve, this nitrogen cylinder provides certain back pressure for this receiving vessel, this second gas control valve is connected between this nitrogen cylinder and this receiving vessel, regulate the size of back pressure in this receiving vessel, 3rd atmospheric valve is connected to this receiving vessel, the back pressure in this receiving vessel is carried out pressure release after experiment, this heating and thermal insulation band many of wrapping up in this heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system need the pipeline of insulation.
9. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, this IMAQ and analytical system comprise microscope, camera, end light source, movable pedestal, microscope column and computer, the base interior of this microscope column is equipped with this end light source, pedestal is placed this movable pedestal, this movable pedestal all around micro-can move this high-temperature high-pressure visual still placed thereon, when light source is opened at this end, observed by the process of this microscope to the hot fluid displacement viscous crude in this glass microscopic model of this high-temperature high-pressure visual still inside of the top of this high-temperature high-pressure visual still visual window, the image observed first is converted to data and is transferred to this computer by this camera be positioned at above this microscope, these data are converted to image by this computer again, to carry out experiment dynamically observing and shooting, and by this computer, the seepage flow characteristics of hot fluid displacement viscous crude and microcosmic mechanism are studied.
10. heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, this heavy crude heat extraction microscopic displacement experiment system operationally, comprises the following steps:
This glass microscopic model is adopted vacuumizing method saturated formation water, this micromodel support being then installed to drawer type inserts good seal in this high-temperature high-pressure visual still;
Viscous crude is filled with respectively, formation water in the multiple HTHP intermediate receptacles in this injected system, and certain density chemical solution;
Arrange wrap up pipeline in the insulating box in this injected system, this output system heating and thermal insulation band, this high-temperature high-pressure visual still temperature for experiment temperature required, keep at least 2h;
Set up ring pressure and the outlet back pressure of this glass microscopic model;
The injection pump in this injected system is utilized to be exported by the viscous crude be equipped with in the HTHP intermediate receptacle of viscous crude, after emptying for the dead volume in pipeline and this micromodel support end plate, viscous crude is entered in this glass microscopic model through this micromodel support, until when this glass microscopic model port of export is no longer moisture, stop injecting, set up the irreducible water saturation in this glass microscopic model;
When carrying out viscous crude heat chemistry and driving, this injection pump is utilized the hot water be equipped with in the HTHP intermediate receptacle of hot water or steam or steam to be exported by the pipeline mixing shared with the chemical solution be equipped with in the HTHP intermediate receptacle of chemical solution, after viscous crude discharge in the dead volume in pipeline and this micromodel support end plate, now hot water or steam start to enter into this glass microscopic model through this micromodel support, to carry out the displacement test of hot fluid to viscous crude;
Adopt this IMAQ and analytical system to carry out dynamically observing and shooting to microcosmic displacement process, and carry out the research of micro-flow characteristics and driving mechanism.
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