CN105568172A - Alloy material used for aircraft toilet valve - Google Patents
Alloy material used for aircraft toilet valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN105568172A CN105568172A CN201610018569.XA CN201610018569A CN105568172A CN 105568172 A CN105568172 A CN 105568172A CN 201610018569 A CN201610018569 A CN 201610018569A CN 105568172 A CN105568172 A CN 105568172A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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Abstract
The invention provides an alloy material used for an aircraft toilet valve. The components of the alloy material include, by mass, 0.6-1.0% of carbon, 0.65-1.10% of manganese, 0.035-0.045% of phosphorus, 0.03-0.04% of sulphur, 0.15-0.355% of silicon, 18.0-20.0% of chromium, 0.15-0.25% of molybdenum, 9.0-12.0% of nickel, 0.21-0.30% of copper, 0.31-0.42% of zinc, 17.0-20.0% of cobalt, 8.0-11.0% of strontium, 0.10-0.30% of lanthanum, 0.50-3.0% of boron, 0.10-0.50% of aluminum, 0.01-0.03% of rhodium and the balance iron. Fusing and centrifugal casting are carried out under a vacuum condition, and hot isostatic pressure treatment is carried out, so that a finished product is obtained. The alloy material used for the aircraft toilet valve has good anti-corrosion performance and is resistant to air pressure changes and abrasion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to valve field of alloy material, be specifically related to a kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve.
Background technology
Aboard because the singularity of the vehicles, aircraft toilet problems faced is inconvenient to use the water closet filling water because when often run into once jolt time, all may spill water.So also cannot clear up toilet by water and siphon pipe or terrestrial gravitation.At this moment, people just devise initiatively vacuum system and carry out alternative passive siphon pipe, and therefore aircraft toilet is also known as vacuum closet.1975, pilot James uncle may invent the huge vacuum toilet of our noise now used.Vacuum closet water consumption is few, can require less outfall sewer diameter, to rinse direction unrestricted.Vacuum system, without the need to considering terrestrial gravitation, need not prevent outfall sewer vertically upward.Pipeline is also without the need to downwards, and it is more flexible to install new lavatory layout.The water loss of often rushing a vacuum toilet is only 240ml.Water loss is fewer means that the weight of aircraft just can be lighter, can bring higher flight efficiency.Vacuum toilet work mainly utilizes the draught head inside and outside cabin, dirt is sent into the foul water tank being positioned at aft with the speed of 30 meters per second.On Air Passenger A380, the refuse that nearly 800 passengers produce only with 2 seconds just through the body reaching 60 meters, this is also the highest record rushing toilet speed at that time.
But the drainage hole of the vacuum toilet that aircraft uses is very little, diameter is as an egg, and the valve having a slice energy movable, very easily blocks.The quality of these situations to aircraft use in toilet valve proposes very high requirement, the especially material of valve, is the key determining valve mass, arranges and have influence on aviation safety.But the research at present for aircraft use in toilet valve alloy material is very limited, how choosing suitable alloy material to prepare aircraft use in toilet valve, is a great problem that industry technician faces.
General civilian aircraft is often in state of flight, pilot personnel and passenger often use toilet, thus valve frequency of utilization is very high, and this just requires that valve has higher wear resistance, in addition, in order to save the repair time of aircraft, make service work be put on vitals, higher wear resistance and erosion resistance must be proposed to the valve often used, secondly, because aircraft works under the environment of air pressure alternation of being everlasting, so just require that valve has the resistivity of air pressure resistance change.
A kind of wear resistance of current urgent need is good, corrosion-resistant, have the valve material of air pressure resistance change.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned prior art defect, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve, it has excellent corrosion resistance, and air pressure resistance changes, wear-resisting performance.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve, metal simple-substance and non-metal simple-substance melting is adopted to it is characterized in that, described alloy material to be perlite area occupation ratio be more than 85% tissue, and apart from surface, the average value P ave of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of dark 0.35mm and standard deviation P σ thereof meets following formula respectively: 9.0≤Pave≤13.0; 0.0 < P σ≤0.3; Described alloy material hardness >=85HB, yield strength >=1720MPa, the tensile strength under-78 DEG C of conditions is 360MPa ~ 480MPa, and elongation is 46% ~ 51%, and relative reduction in area is 62% ~ 65%; The chemical element composition of described alloy material and mass percent thereof are:
The carbon of 0.6% ~ 1.0%, the manganese of 0.65% ~ 1.10%, the phosphorus of 0.035% ~ 0.045%, the sulphur of 0.03% ~ 0.04%, the silicon of 0.15% ~ 0.355%, the chromium of 18.0% ~ 20.0%, the molybdenum of 0.15% ~ 0.25%, the nickel of 9.0% ~ 12.0%, the copper of 0.21% ~ 0.30%, the zinc of 0.31% ~ 0.42%, the cobalt of 17.0% ~ 20.0%, the strontium of 8.0% ~ 11.0%, the lanthanum of 0.10% ~ 0.30%, the boron of 0.50% ~ 3.0%, the aluminium of 0.10% ~ 0.50%, the rhodium of 0.01% ~ 0.03%, all the other are iron.
Further, the mass percent of lanthanum is 0.10% ~ 0.20%, and the mass percent of boron is 0.50% ~ 2.0%, and the mass percent of aluminium is 0.25% ~ 0.30%, the mass percent of cobalt is 17.0% ~ 18.0%, and the mass percent of rhodium is 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
Further, the chemical element composition of alloy material and mass percent thereof are: carbon 0.43%, manganese 0.88%, phosphorus 0.040%, sulphur 0.03%, silicon 0.35%, chromium 18.0%, molybdenum 0.21%, nickel 11.0%, copper 0.28%, zinc 0.39%, cobalt 17.5%, strontium 10%, lanthanum 0.17%, boron 1.50%, aluminium 0.29%, rhodium 0.018%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Another object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of preparation method for aircraft toilet valve, wherein, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, to treat that the starting material of melting add in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, vacuumize, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, strontium, lanthanum, aluminium, rhodium simple substance are heated to melting with the rate of heating of 350 DEG C/min ~ 500 DEG C/min, insulation 30min ~ 50min;
Step S02, is crushed to the particle of 10 μm ~ 20 μm, then adopts argon gas to blow in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, the starting material of alloy material are mixed by carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, boron simple substance;
Step S03, adopts centrifugally cast method to cast aircraft toilet valve alloy material, obtains aircraft toilet valve alloy material finished product through hip treatment.
Further, in step S03, centrifugally cast method is: casting preheating temperature is 650 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, and centrifugal rotational speed 370rpm ~ 400rpm, casting cycle completed at 6 seconds ~ 10 seconds.
Further, in step S03, the method for static pressure process is: at 1280 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C, under the condition of hot isostatic pressing 160MPa ~ 200MPa, pressurize 1 hour ~ 2 hours.
Below, be described the restriction reason that the one-tenth of the alloy adopted in the present invention is grouped into, the % related in becoming to be grouped into refers to quality %.
Carbon: 0.6% ~ 1.0%, cobalt: 17.0% ~ 20.0%, nickel: 9.0% ~ 12.0%, lanthanum: 0.10% ~ 0.30%, in alloy, carbon content increases, and yield-point and tensile strength raise, but plasticity and impact reduce, and low-alloyed atmospheric corrosion resistance ability also can fall in carbon amounts height, carbon be for valve processing after intensity strengthened the element of useful effect, therefore need containing more than 0.6%, along with the increase of carbon content, carbide can increase, the ductility of valve, toughness reduction can reduce, thus by carbon content control below 1.0%, simultaneously in order to improve ductility and toughness, add the lanthanum of 0.10% ~ 0.30%, adding of lanthanum makes the wear resistance of valve decrease, in order to not reduce wear resistance, add the cobalt of 17.0% ~ 20.0% and the nickel of 9.0% ~ 12.0%, the ductility of such valve, toughness, wear resistance improves further simultaneously, simultaneously because the lanthanum added is a small amount of, thus material cost can not improve, the content of lanthanum is preferably 0.17%, the content of cobalt is preferably 17.5%, the content of nickel is preferably 11.0%.In the present invention, because Fe, Ni and Co can infinitely dissolve each other, α, γ and ε phase that crystalline network form is different can be obtained, in addition, carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy in the alloy, strengthen physical strength and the anti-metal fatigue capability of alloy, make the wear resistance of alloy and erosion resistance again improve in addition.
Manganese: 0.65% ~ 1.10%, manganese is a kind of weak reductor, adds manganese in alloy, is not only conducive to the corrosion stability of alloy, and the intensity of alloy can also be made to improve, and can reduce hot cracking tendency, improves the corrosion resistance of alloy.Along with Fe content increases, alloy strength increases, and Fe content is defined as 0.65% ~ 1.10% by the present invention, is preferably 0.88%.
Phosphorus: 0.035% ~ 0.045%, sulphur: 0.03% ~ 0.04%, silicon: 0.15% ~ 0.355%, phosphorus, sulphur has certain effect to the tensile strength improving carbon steel, but all increase again the fragility of steel simultaneously, silicon can reinforced ferrite, improve thermotolerance and solidity to corrosion, fusing point can be reduced in the alloy, improve liquidity, but be reduction of toughness and the plasticity of alloy, therefore with the addition of molybdenum in the alloy, therefore molybdenum 0.15% ~ 0.25% is added, molybdenum can make the grain refining of steel, reduce fragility, enough intensity and creep resisting ability is kept when high temperature, molybdenum is added in alloy, mechanical property can be improved, the fragility of alloy can also be suppressed, consider silicon, phosphorus, influencing each other of sulphur and molybdenum, under the specific demand of aviation condition and aircraft toilet valve, silicone content is defined as 0.1% ~ 0.355% by the present invention, be preferably 0.35%, molybdenum content is defined as 0.15% ~ 0.25%, is preferably 0.21%.Phosphorus content is defined as 0.035% ~ 0.045%, is preferably 0.040%; Sulphur content is defined as 0.03% ~ 0.04%, is preferably 0.03%.
Chromium: 18.0% ~ 20.0%, chromium can improve oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, in order to improve the erosion resistance of valve further, add the aluminium that content is 0.10% ~ 0.50%, chromium and adding of aluminium make oxidation-resistance and erosion resistance improve further, chromium content is preferably 18.0%, and aluminium content is preferably 0.29%.
Copper: 0.21% ~ 0.30%, copper can improve intensity and the toughness of steel alloy, particularly atomospheric corrosion performance.Therefore, copper content is defined as 0.21% ~ 0.30% by the present invention, is preferably 0.28%.
Zinc: 0.31% ~ 0.42%, zinc can improve mobility in the alloy, increases red brittleness, reduces solidity to corrosion, therefore the content that should control zinc is in specialized range.The alloy that zinc content is very high but has good castability and mechanical property, and machining is also relatively good, and therefore, Zn content in alloy material is defined as 0.31% ~ 0.42% by the present invention, is preferably 0.39%.
Strontium: 8.0% ~ 11.0%, strontium has very strong absorption of x-rays radiation function and unique physical and chemical performance, high aerial Millikan's rays can be prevented the injury of aircraft and component thereof, therefore, for preventing the injury of aircraft toilet valve, content of strontium in alloy material is defined as 8.0% ~ 11.0% by the present invention, is preferably 10.0%.
Boron: 0.50% ~ 3.0%, the boron adding trace in steel just can improve compactness and the hot rolling performance of steel, improves intensity.Therefore, Boron contents in alloy material is defined as 0.50% ~ 3.0% by the present invention, is preferably 1.50%.
Rhodium: 0.01% ~ 0.03%, rhodium has stronger reflection potential, particularly soft under heated condition.The chemical stability of rhodium is good, and oxidation-resistance is fine, joins in steel, can improve the stability of steel.Therefore, rhodium content is defined as 0.01% ~ 0.03% by the present invention, is preferably 0.018%.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. the present invention has wear-resisting performance, in provided alloy, the content of carbon is 0.6% ~ 1.0%, in alloy 0.6% ~ 1.0% carbon content, the yield-point of alloy material and tensile strength are improved, in addition, the increase of carbon content in alloy, carbide can increase, in addition, part carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy, put forward heavy alloyed hardness and wear resistance further, thus the cobalt of 17.0% ~ 20.0% is added, consider the loss of cobalt simultaneously, thus the nickel of 9.0% ~ 12.0% is added again, the hardness of alloy and wear resistance are better improved, alloy material preparation of the present invention is through hip treatment, ensure that the perlite area occupation ratio of the alloy material of preparation reaches more than 85%, and the average value P ave of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of the dark 0.35mm in distance surface and standard deviation P σ span of control thereof meet: 9.0≤Pave≤13.0, 0.0 < P σ≤0.3, intensity hardness improves, effectively prevent the defect that wear resisting property that material skewness causes is low,
2. in the present invention, because adding of carbon makes plasticity and shock-resistance decrease, in order to improve this unfavorable factor, the lanthanum of 0.10% ~ 0.30% is added in alloy material, compensate for alloy plasticity low low with impact, the ductility of valve, toughness are improved, and to adapt to the ability of air pressure resistance change, the part of nickel added in addition makes the ductility of valve, toughness improves;
3. add the manganese of 0.65% ~ 1.10% in alloy of the present invention, be conducive to the corrosion stability of alloy, improve the corrosion resistance of alloy; Add the phosphorus of 0.035% ~ 0.045%, the sulphur of 0.03% ~ 0.04% has certain effect to the tensile strength improving carbon steel, add the silicon reinforced ferrite of 0.15% ~ 0.355%, improve thermotolerance and solidity to corrosion, improve the drawback of maximum fragility because of the interpolation of phosphorus sulphur simultaneously, add the molybdenum of 0.15% ~ 0.25% in the alloy, make the grain refining of steel, improve hardening capacity and thermostrength, reduce fragility, keep enough intensity and creep resisting ability when high temperature, suppress the fragility of alloy further; In alloy, the aluminium of 0.10% ~ 0.50% and the chromium of 18.0% ~ 20.0% can improve oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, stabilize the erosion resistance of valve;
4. in alloy of the present invention, the copper of 0.21% ~ 0.30% can improve intensity and the toughness of steel alloy, wear-resisting performance and corrosion resistance are improved, the zinc of 0.31% ~ 0.42% puies forward heavy alloyed mobility, make each component element reaction combination abundant and even, therefore corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance raising again; The boron of 0.50% ~ 3.0% can improve the compactness of steel, and corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance are improved again;
5. alloy material preparation of the present invention blows raw material through vacuum melting, argon gas and mixes, and ensures the abundant mixing of alloy raw material, and effectively prevents the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, improve oxidation-resistance and the wear resistance of material; Meanwhile, because iron, nickel and cobalt can infinitely dissolve each other, centrifugally cast mode again, so α, γ and ε phase that the crystalline network of the alloy material obtained has form different, ensures the stability of alloy under complex environment;
6. alloy material preparation of the present invention is through hip treatment, ensure that the perlite area occupation ratio of the alloy material of preparation reaches more than 85%, and the average value P ave of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of the dark 0.35mm in distance surface and standard deviation P σ span of control thereof meet: 9.0≤Pave≤13.0,0.0 < P σ≤0.3, the drag of viscous deformation is large, the ability of air pressure resistance change;
7. because Fe, Ni and Co can infinitely dissolve each other, can obtain α, γ and ε phase that crystalline network form is different, in addition, carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy in the alloy, strengthen physical strength and the anti-metal fatigue capability of alloy, make the wear resistance of alloy and erosion resistance again improve in addition.
Embodiment
Below provide specific embodiments of the invention, be used for being described in further detail the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve
Raw material chemical element constituent mass percentage composition:
Carbon 0.63%, manganese 0.88%, phosphorus 0.040%, sulphur 0.03%, silicon 0.35%, chromium 18.0%, molybdenum 0.21%, nickel 11.0%, copper 0.28%, zinc 0.39%, cobalt 17.5%, strontium 10%, lanthanum 0.17%, boron 1.50%, aluminium 0.29%, rhodium 0.018%, all the other are iron.
The content of carbon is 0.63%, ensure that the basic physical strength of alloy, but the ductility of valve, tough sexual needs improve, the lanthanum of 0.17%, but adding of lanthanum makes the wear resistance of valve decrease, in order to not reduce wear resistance, add the cobalt of 17.5% and the nickel of 11.0%, the ductility of such valve, toughness, wear resistance improves further, due to iron, nickel and cobalt can infinitely dissolve each other, the α that crystalline network form is different can be obtained, γ and ε phase, in addition, carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy in the alloy, make the toughness of material, stability and hardness are issued to optimum in the situation that carbon content is 0.63%, wear resistance and the erosion resistance of alloy are improved again, simultaneously because the lanthanum added is a small amount of, thus material cost can not improve.Add the manganese of 0.88% in alloy, be not only conducive to the corrosion stability of alloy, and the intensity of alloy can also be made to improve, and can hot cracking tendency be reduced, improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.Add the silicon of 0.35%, molybdenum, the phosphorus of 0.040%, the sulphur of 0.03% of 0.21% in alloy, ensure that alloy has excellent tensile strength and creep resisting ability when carbon content is 0.63%.The copper of 0.28% can improve ductility and the erosion resistance of alloy material further, the zinc of 0.39% can put forward heavy alloyed mobility, the cooperation of copper and zinc, the wear resisting property of alloy material and corrosion resistance can be made to improve, make each component element reaction combination in alloy abundant and even, therefore corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance improve again.The strontium of 10.0% and the rhodium of 0.018% can absorb and reflection X-ray radiation, prevent high aerial Millikan's rays to the injury of aircraft and component thereof, the boron of 1.50% can improve the compactness of alloy, corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance is made to be consolidated and stablize, in addition, in alloy, the aluminium of 0.29% and the chromium of 18.0% can improve oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, stabilize the erosion resistance of valve.
Prepare by the following method:
To treat that the starting material of melting add in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, vacuumize, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, strontium, lanthanum, aluminium, rhodium simple substance are heated to melting with the rate of heating of 400 DEG C/min, insulation 35min, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, boron simple substance are crushed to the particle of 15 μm, argon gas is adopted to blow in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible again, the starting material of alloy material are mixed, ensure the abundant mixing of alloy raw material, and effectively prevent the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, improve oxidation-resistance and the wear resistance of material, then casting preheating temperature be 670 DEG C, centrifugal rotational speed 380rpm, casting cycle completed rotational casting at 8 seconds, effectively prevented the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, last at 1290 DEG C, under the condition of hot isostatic pressing 180MPa, pressurize 1 hour, obtain aircraft use in toilet valve alloy material finished product, the α that the crystalline network of the alloy material obtained has form different, γ and ε phase, ensure the stability of alloy under complex environment, the alloy material obtained after hip treatment to be perlite area occupation ratio be 90% material structure, and the average value P ave=9.5 of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of the dark 0.35mm in distance surface, its standard deviation P σ=0.2, the alloy material intensity hardness of preparation improves, effectively prevent the defect that wear resisting property that material skewness causes is low.
Alloy material hardness prepared by the present embodiment is 87HB, and yield strength is 1750MPa, and the tensile strength under-78 DEG C of conditions is 361MPa, and elongation is 50.2%, and relative reduction in area is 62.5%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve
Raw material chemical element constituent mass percentage composition:
Carbon 0.60%, manganese 0.65%, phosphorus 0.035%, sulphur 0.03%, silicon 0.15%, chromium 18.0%, molybdenum 0.15%, nickel 9.0%, copper 0.21%, zinc 0.31%, cobalt 17.0%, strontium 8.0%, lanthanum 0.10%, boron 0.50%, aluminium 0.10%, rhodium 0.01%, all the other are iron.
The content of carbon is 0.60%, ensure that the basic physical strength of alloy, but the ductility of valve, tough sexual needs improve, the lanthanum of 0.10%, but adding of lanthanum makes the wear resistance of valve decrease, in order to not reduce wear resistance, add the cobalt of 17.0% and the nickel of 9.0%, the ductility of such valve, toughness, wear resistance improves further, due to iron, nickel and cobalt can infinitely dissolve each other, the α that crystalline network form is different can be obtained, γ and ε phase, in addition, carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy in the alloy, make the toughness of material, stability and hardness are issued to optimum in the situation that carbon content is 0.60%, wear resistance and the erosion resistance of alloy are improved again, simultaneously because the lanthanum added is a small amount of, thus material cost can not improve.Add the manganese of 0.65% in alloy, be not only conducive to the corrosion stability of alloy, and the intensity of alloy can also be made to improve, and can hot cracking tendency be reduced, improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.Add the silicon of 0.15%, molybdenum, the phosphorus of 0.035%, the sulphur of 0.03% of 0.15% in alloy, ensure that alloy has excellent tensile strength and creep resisting ability when carbon content is 0.60%.The copper of 0.21% can improve ductility and the erosion resistance of alloy material further, the zinc of 0.31% can put forward heavy alloyed mobility, the cooperation of copper and zinc, the wear resisting property of alloy material and corrosion resistance can be made to improve, make each component element reaction combination in alloy abundant and even, therefore corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance improve again.The strontium of 8.0% and the rhodium of 0.01% can absorb and reflection X-ray radiation, prevent high aerial Millikan's rays to the injury of aircraft and component thereof, the boron of 0.50% can improve the compactness of alloy, corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance is made to be consolidated and stablize, in addition, in alloy, the aluminium of 0.10% and the chromium of 18.0% can improve oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, stabilize the erosion resistance of valve.
Prepare by the following method:
To treat that the starting material of melting add in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, vacuumize, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, strontium, lanthanum, aluminium, rhodium simple substance are heated to melting with the rate of heating of 350 DEG C/min, insulation 30min, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, boron simple substance are crushed to the particle of 10 μm, argon gas is adopted to blow in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible again, the starting material of alloy material are mixed, ensure the abundant mixing of alloy raw material, and effectively prevent the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, improve oxidation-resistance and the wear resistance of material, then casting preheating temperature be 650 DEG C, centrifugal rotational speed 370rpm, casting cycle completed rotational casting at 6 seconds, effectively prevented the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, last at 1280 DEG C, under the condition of hot isostatic pressing 160MPa, pressurize 1 hour, obtain aircraft use in toilet valve alloy material finished product, the α that the crystalline network of the alloy material obtained has form different, γ and ε phase, ensure the stability of alloy under complex environment, the alloy material obtained after hip treatment to be perlite area occupation ratio be 85% material structure, and the average value P ave=9.0 of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of the dark 0.35mm in distance surface, its standard deviation P σ=0.1, the alloy material intensity hardness of preparation improves, effectively prevent the defect that wear resisting property that material skewness causes is low.
Alloy material hardness prepared by the present embodiment is 86HB, and yield strength is 1740MPa, and the tensile strength under-78 DEG C of conditions is 374MPa, and elongation is 49.8%, and relative reduction in area is 64%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve
Raw material chemical element constituent mass percentage composition:
Carbon 1.0%, manganese 1.10%, phosphorus 0.045%, sulphur 0.04%, silicon 0.355%, chromium 20.0%, molybdenum 0.25%, nickel 12.0%, copper 0.30%, zinc 0.42%, cobalt 20.0%, strontium 11.0%, lanthanum 0.30%, boron 3.0%, aluminium 0.50%, rhodium 0.03%, all the other are iron.
The content of carbon is 1.0%, ensure that the basic physical strength of alloy, but the ductility of valve, tough sexual needs improve, the lanthanum of 0.30%, but adding of lanthanum makes the wear resistance of valve decrease, in order to not reduce wear resistance, add the cobalt of 20.0% and the nickel of 12.0%, the ductility of such valve, toughness, wear resistance improves further, due to iron, nickel and cobalt can infinitely dissolve each other, the α that crystalline network form is different can be obtained, γ and ε phase, in addition, carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy in the alloy, make the toughness of material, stability and hardness are issued to optimum in the situation that carbon content is 1.0%, wear resistance and the erosion resistance of alloy are improved again, simultaneously because the lanthanum added is a small amount of, thus material cost can not improve.Add the manganese of 1.10% in alloy, be not only conducive to the corrosion stability of alloy, and the intensity of alloy can also be made to improve, and can hot cracking tendency be reduced, improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.Add the silicon of 0.355%, molybdenum, the phosphorus of 0.045%, the sulphur of 0.04% of 0.25% in alloy, ensure that alloy has excellent tensile strength and creep resisting ability when carbon content is 1.0%.The copper of 0.30% can improve ductility and the erosion resistance of alloy material further, the zinc of 0.42% can put forward heavy alloyed mobility, the cooperation of copper and zinc, the wear resisting property of alloy material and corrosion resistance can be made to improve, make each component element reaction combination in alloy abundant and even, therefore corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance improve again.The strontium of 11.0% and the rhodium of 0.03% can absorb and reflection X-ray radiation, prevent high aerial Millikan's rays to the injury of aircraft and component thereof, the boron of 3.0% can improve the compactness of alloy, corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance is made to be consolidated and stablize, in addition, in alloy, the aluminium of 0.50% and the chromium of 20.0% can improve oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, stabilize the erosion resistance of valve.
Prepare by the following method:
To treat that the starting material of melting add in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, vacuumize, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, strontium, lanthanum, aluminium, rhodium simple substance are heated to melting with the rate of heating of 500 DEG C/min, insulation 50min, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, boron simple substance are crushed to the particle of 20 μm, argon gas is adopted to blow in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible again, the starting material of alloy material are mixed, ensure the abundant mixing of alloy raw material, and effectively prevent the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, improve oxidation-resistance and the wear resistance of material, then casting preheating temperature be 700 DEG C, centrifugal rotational speed 400rpm, casting cycle completed rotational casting at 10 seconds, effectively prevented the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, last at 1300 DEG C, under the condition of hot isostatic pressing 200MPa, pressurize 2 hours, obtain aircraft use in toilet valve alloy material finished product, the α that the crystalline network of the alloy material obtained has form different, γ and ε phase, ensure the stability of alloy under complex environment, the alloy material obtained after hip treatment to be perlite area occupation ratio be 91% material structure, and the average value P ave=13.0 of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of the dark 0.35mm in distance surface, its standard deviation P σ=0.3, the alloy material intensity hardness of preparation improves, effectively prevent the defect that wear resisting property that material skewness causes is low.
Alloy material hardness prepared by the present embodiment is 86HB, and yield strength is 1730MPa, and the tensile strength under-78 DEG C of conditions is 475MPa, and elongation is 50.8%, and relative reduction in area is 62%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of alloy material for aircraft toilet valve
Raw material chemical element constituent mass percentage composition:
Carbon 0.80%, manganese 0.875%, phosphorus 0.040%, sulphur 0.035%, silicon 0.253%, chromium 19.0%, molybdenum 0.20%, nickel 10.5%, copper 0.255%, zinc 0.365%, cobalt 18.5%, strontium 9.5%, lanthanum 0.20%, boron 1.75%, aluminium 0.30%, rhodium 0.02%, all the other are iron.
The content of carbon is 0.80%, ensure that the basic physical strength of alloy, but the ductility of valve, tough sexual needs improve, the lanthanum of 0.20%, but adding of lanthanum makes the wear resistance of valve decrease, in order to not reduce wear resistance, add the cobalt of 18.5% and the nickel of 10.5%, the ductility of such valve, toughness, wear resistance improves further, due to iron, nickel and cobalt can infinitely dissolve each other, the α that crystalline network form is different can be obtained, γ and ε phase, in addition, carbon and cobalt form Co-C system alloy in the alloy, make the toughness of material, stability and hardness are issued to optimum in the situation that carbon content is 0.80%, wear resistance and the erosion resistance of alloy are improved again, simultaneously because the lanthanum added is a small amount of, thus material cost can not improve.Add the manganese of 0.875% in alloy, be not only conducive to the corrosion stability of alloy, and the intensity of alloy can also be made to improve, and can hot cracking tendency be reduced, improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.Add the silicon of 0.253%, molybdenum, the phosphorus of 0.040%, the sulphur of 0.035% of 0.20% in alloy, ensure that alloy has excellent tensile strength and creep resisting ability when carbon content is 0.80%.The copper of 0.255% can improve ductility and the erosion resistance of alloy material further, the zinc of 0.365% can put forward heavy alloyed mobility, the cooperation of copper and zinc, the wear resisting property of alloy material and corrosion resistance can be made to improve, make each component element reaction combination in alloy abundant and even, therefore corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance improve again.The strontium of 9.5% and the rhodium of 0.02% can absorb and reflection X-ray radiation, prevent high aerial Millikan's rays to the injury of aircraft and component thereof, the boron of 1.75% can improve the compactness of alloy, corrosion resistance, air pressure resistance changing capability and wear-resisting performance is made to be consolidated and stablize, in addition, in alloy, the aluminium of 0.30% and the chromium of 19.0% can improve oxidation-resistance and the erosion resistance of steel, stabilize the erosion resistance of valve.
Prepare by the following method:
To treat that the starting material of melting add in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, vacuumize, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, strontium, lanthanum, aluminium, rhodium are heated to melting with the rate of heating of 425 DEG C/min, insulation 40min, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, boron are crushed to the particle of 15 μm, argon gas is adopted to blow in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible again, the starting material of alloy material are mixed, ensure the abundant mixing of alloy raw material, and effectively prevent the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, improve oxidation-resistance and the wear resistance of material, then casting preheating temperature be 375 DEG C, centrifugal rotational speed 385rpm, casting cycle completed rotational casting at 8 seconds, effectively prevented the oxidation loss of starting material in fusion process, last at 1290 DEG C, under the condition of hot isostatic pressing 180MPa, pressurize 1.5 hours, obtain aircraft use in toilet valve alloy material finished product, the α that the crystalline network of the alloy material obtained has form different, γ and ε phase, ensure the stability of alloy under complex environment, the alloy material obtained after hip treatment to be perlite area occupation ratio be 87% material structure, and the average value P ave=11.0 of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of the dark 0.35mm in distance surface, its standard deviation P σ=0.15, the alloy material intensity hardness of preparation improves, effectively prevent the defect that wear resisting property that material skewness causes is low.
Alloy material hardness prepared by the present embodiment is 85HB, and yield strength is 1720MPa, and the tensile strength under-78 DEG C of conditions is 474MPa, and elongation is 48%, and relative reduction in area is 62%.
experimental example 1
By the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 4 alloy material compared with the base metal characteristic of common common valve alloy material, its results of property is as following table 1.
Table 1 Performance comparision
From above-mentioned test example, the properties of alloy material of the present invention, all higher than common valve alloy material, is suitable for the valve material of aircraft toilet more.
experimental example 2
By the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 4 alloy material compared with the cryogenic mechanics performance of common common valve alloy material, its mechanical property results of comparison under the condition of-78 DEG C is as following table 2.
Show the mechanical performance compare under the condition of 2-78 DEG C
From above-mentioned test example, the every mechanical property of alloy material of the present invention under the condition of-78 DEG C, all higher than common valve alloy material, is suitable for the valve material of aircraft toilet more.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and experimental example, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the alloy material for aircraft toilet valve, adopt metal simple-substance and non-metal simple-substance melting, it is characterized in that, described alloy material to be perlite area occupation ratio be more than 85% tissue, and apart from surface, the average value P ave of the grain size number of the pearlite colony of dark 0.35mm and standard deviation P σ thereof meets following formula respectively: 9.0≤Pave≤13.0; 0.0 < P σ≤0.3; Described alloy material hardness >=85HB, yield strength >=1720MPa, the tensile strength under-78 DEG C of conditions is 360MPa ~ 480MPa, and elongation is 46% ~ 51%, and relative reduction in area is 62% ~ 65%; The chemical element composition of described alloy material and mass percent thereof are:
The carbon of 0.6% ~ 1.0%, the manganese of 0.65% ~ 1.10%, the phosphorus of 0.035% ~ 0.045%, the sulphur of 0.03% ~ 0.04%, the silicon of 0.15% ~ 0.355%, the chromium of 18.0% ~ 20.0%, the molybdenum of 0.15% ~ 0.25%, the nickel of 9.0% ~ 12.0%, the copper of 0.21% ~ 0.30%, the zinc of 0.31% ~ 0.42%, the cobalt of 17.0% ~ 20.0%, the strontium of 8.0% ~ 11.0%, the lanthanum of 0.10% ~ 0.30%, the boron of 0.50% ~ 3.0%, the aluminium of 0.10% ~ 0.50%, the rhodium of 0.01% ~ 0.03%, all the other are iron.
2. alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mass percent of lanthanum is 0.10% ~ 0.20%, the mass percent of boron is 0.50% ~ 2.0%, the mass percent of aluminium is 0.25% ~ 0.30%, the mass percent of cobalt is 17.0% ~ 18.0%, and the mass percent of rhodium is 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
3. alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the chemical element composition of described alloy material and mass percent thereof are: carbon 0.43%, manganese 0.88%, phosphorus 0.040%, sulphur 0.03%, silicon 0.35%, chromium 18.0%, molybdenum 0.21%, nickel 11.0%, copper 0.28%, zinc 0.39%, cobalt 17.5%, strontium 10%, lanthanum 0.17%, boron 1.50%, aluminium 0.29%, rhodium 0.018%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
4. a preparation method for the alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, to treat that the starting material of melting add in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, vacuumize, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, strontium, lanthanum, aluminium, rhodium simple substance are heated to melting with the rate of heating of 350 DEG C/min ~ 500 DEG C/min, insulation 30min ~ 50min;
Step S02, is crushed to the particle of 10 μm ~ 20 μm, then adopts argon gas to blow in the vacuum chamber of water jacketed copper crucible, the starting material of alloy material are mixed by carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, silicon, boron simple substance;
Step S03, adopts centrifugally cast method to cast aircraft use in toilet valve alloy material, obtains aircraft toilet valve alloy material finished product through hip treatment.
5. the preparation method of alloy material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step S03, described centrifugally cast method is: casting preheating temperature is 650 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C, centrifugal rotational speed 370rpm ~ 400rpm, casting cycle completed at 6 seconds ~ 10 seconds.
6. the preparation method of alloy material according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step S03, the method for described static pressure process is: at 1280 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C, under the condition of hot isostatic pressing 160MPa ~ 200MPa, pressurize 1 hour ~ 2 hours.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105821345A (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2016-08-03 | 惠安县泰达商贸有限责任公司 | Alloy material for valve of airplane washroom |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB612001A (en) * | 1945-06-13 | 1948-11-05 | Haynes Stellite Co | Alloys for high temperature use |
| CN1869271A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-29 | 盖恩斯马特有限公司 | Superhigh strength stainless steel and its manufacturing method |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB612001A (en) * | 1945-06-13 | 1948-11-05 | Haynes Stellite Co | Alloys for high temperature use |
| CN1869271A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-29 | 盖恩斯马特有限公司 | Superhigh strength stainless steel and its manufacturing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105821345A (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2016-08-03 | 惠安县泰达商贸有限责任公司 | Alloy material for valve of airplane washroom |
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