CN105567276A - Oil shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation process and device - Google Patents
Oil shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105567276A CN105567276A CN201510857470.4A CN201510857470A CN105567276A CN 105567276 A CN105567276 A CN 105567276A CN 201510857470 A CN201510857470 A CN 201510857470A CN 105567276 A CN105567276 A CN 105567276A
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Abstract
The invention provides an oil shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation process. The oil shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation process is characterized in that air separation and drying are performed on oil shale/low-rank coal before destructive distillation is performed on the oil shale/low-rank coal to remove moisture and dust, the dust is prevented from entering a tar recycling system along with coal gas during the destructive distillation pyrolysis process especially after the dust in the oil shale/low-rank coal is removed, and the dust content in tar is lowered; flue gas generated in air separation and drying is subjected to dust removal and desulfurization prior to being used for semi-coke cooling, dust and sulfur can be prevented from infiltrating into semi-coke, and the quality of the semi-coke is improved; in addition, the high-temperature flue gas produced after semi-coke cooling is used for producing hot flue gas for the air separation and drying, the hot flue gas circulates among equipment, gas recycling is achieved, and waste gas output is reduced; meanwhile, heat energy is fully utilized, and the heat energy carried by the semi-coke is fully recovered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Coal Chemical Engineering Industry technical field, be specifically related to a kind of resinous shale/low-rank coal distillation process and device.
Background technology
Destructive distillation is the reaction process of solid or organism thermal degradation under isolated air conditions.The result of destructive distillation generates various gas, steam and solid residue, and the mixture of gas and steam is divided into gas and liquid after cooling.Coal carbonization is one of important method of carrying out chemical process to coal, and coal is after destructive distillation, and the composition of raw material and state of aggregation all will change, and solid-state in product, gaseous state and fluent meterial have, and can obtain semicoke, coal tar and coke-oven gas.
Real data shows, the lump coal/shale and small particle size low-rank coal that in producing, meeting output is a large amount of of mining, and for the exploitation of coal, for manual exploitation, lump coal accounts for 60%, and mixed coal accounts for 40%, and when machine is adopted, lump coal only accounts for 40%, and mixed coal accounts for 60%; In mixed coal, the small particle size coal that particle diameter is less than 30mm accounts for 60% of mixed coal.In addition this year, due to integration, the enhancing of mechanical mining dynamics of small coal mines, coal production scale increases, and the small particle size low-rank coal of generation is very large.
At present, in prior art, in distillation process for small grain size (granularity is less than 30mm) resinous shale/low-rank coal pyrolysis, in carbonization process, dust can enter coke tar recovery system with coal gas, cause tar dustiness high, tar quality is declined, produces the more dregs of fat simultaneously, cause the tar rate of recovery low.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the defect that the coal-tar middle oil dustiness of distillation process is high, the tar rate of recovery is low for small grain size resinous shale/low-rank coal pyrolysis of the prior art, thus provides a kind of tar dustiness is low, the tar rate of recovery is high resinous shale/low-rank coal distillation process and device.
The invention provides a kind of resinous shale/low-rank coal distillation process for this reason, comprise the following steps,
Heat smoke is passed in resinous shale/low-rank coal, selection by winnowing drying is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, remove the moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, produce low-temperature flue gas, wherein, the temperature of heat smoke is 180 DEG C-350 DEG C, and calculate with the resinous shale of 1t/h/low-rank coal processing speed, the flow of heat smoke is 2000Nm
3/ h-5000Nm
3/ h;
Carrying out heating destructive distillation process to passing into high-temperature gas through the dried resinous shale/low-rank coal of selection by winnowing, producing raw gas and semicoke;
Dedusting and desulfurization process are carried out to the flue gas produced in selection by winnowing drying, produces cold flue gas;
Use described cold flue gas to carry out cooling to semicoke and produce high-temperature flue gas, described high-temperature flue gas is for generation of described heat smoke;
Tar in raw gas is reclaimed.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process, when carrying out selection by winnowing drying to resinous shale/low-rank coal, resinous shale/low-rank coal inputs from eminence, falls on vibrating bed in self gravitation effect; Described heat smoke passes into bottom described vibrating bed, flows out above described vibrating bed.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process, described vibrating bed is the multiple sieve plate arranged along short transverse, be positioned at the described sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the resinous shale/low-rank coal fallen from last layer sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, and the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is 8mm-10mm.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process, the vibrational frequency of described sieve plate is 14Hz-20Hz, and amplitude is 5mm-7mm.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process, described sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described sieve plates is contrary.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process, when using cold flue gas to cool semicoke, the air output of resinous shale/low-rank coal per ton is 120Nm
3/ h-180Nm
3/ h, the temperature of cold flue gas is 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of generation is 240 DEG C-280 DEG C, carries out the portion gas after heating destructive distillation process mix to produce heat smoke with described high-temperature flue gas and cold flue gas to resinous shale/low-rank coal.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process, the temperature of the high-temperature gas passed in destructive distillation process is 800 DEG C-900 DEG C, and the time of destructive distillation process is 6h-8h.
The present invention also provides a kind of resinous shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, comprises,
Selection by winnowing drying installation, for carrying out selection by winnowing drying treatment to resinous shale/low-rank coal;
Mixing section, is communicated with described selection by winnowing drying installation, for generation of heat smoke resinous shale/low-rank coal being carried out to selection by winnowing drying;
Destructive distillation device, for receiving the resinous shale/low-rank coal after selection by winnowing drying treatment, and carries out heating destructive distillation process to resinous shale/low-rank coal;
Combustion chamber, is communicated with described destructive distillation device, for generation of resinous shale/low-rank coal being carried out to the high-temperature gas heating destructive distillation process;
The fly-ash separator be communicated with successively and devulcanizer, fly-ash separator is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of described selection by winnowing drying installation and the smoke inlet of described destructive distillation device respectively with devulcanizer, for the flue gas in selection by winnowing drying installation is imported in described destructive distillation device, and the semicoke that destructive distillation process produces is cooled, and produce heat smoke;
Described mixing section and described combustion chamber, the High Temperature Gas for being produced described combustion chamber feeds in described combustion chamber.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, described selection by winnowing drying installation comprises:
Body of heater, top is provided with opening for feed and air outlet, and bottom is provided with discharge port, and the body of heater side of bottom is provided with blast inlet;
There is the vibrating bed of multiple sieve plate, be arranged in described body of heater along short transverse, being positioned at the sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the resinous shale/low-rank coal fallen from last layer sieve plate.
Further, resinous shale of the present invention/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is 8mm-10mm, and described sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described vibrating beds is contrary.
Technical solution of the present invention, tool has the following advantages:
1. resinous shale provided by the invention/low-rank coal distillation process, before destructive distillation is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, first selection by winnowing drying is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, to remove moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, after particularly eliminating the dust in resinous shale/low-rank coal, prevent dust in carbonization process from entering coke tar recovery system with coal gas, reduce the dustiness in tar.By controlling flow and the temperature of heat smoke, moisture content in resinous shale/low-rank coal is reduced to less than 1%, the dust being less than 0.2mm of in resinous shale/low-rank coal more than 95% is separated with resinous shale/low-rank coal along with flue gas, there is significant dust removing effects.To carry out after dedusting and desulfurization process, for cooling semicoke, can preventing dust and sulphur from penetrating in semicoke, improve the quality of semicoke to the flue gas produced in selection by winnowing drying.In addition, by the high-temperature flue gas of defocused for cooling half generation for generation of the desiccant heat smoke of selection by winnowing, gas produces circulation between devices, makes gas obtain recycling, reduces the generation of waste gas.Simultaneously also take full advantage of heat energy, fully reclaimed semicoke with heat energy.
2. resinous shale provided by the invention/low-rank coal distillation process, described vibrating bed is the multiple sieve plate arranged along short transverse, be positioned at the described sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the resinous shale/low-rank coal fallen from last layer sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, and the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is less than the screen-aperture of the described sieve plate of top.Screen-aperture determines the size of the particle by sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, therefore the sieve aperture of particle by most top layer of 12mm-20mm is less than, the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is 8mm-10mm, therefore the particle of 8mm-10mm is less than by remaining described sieve plate, therefore by the successively sieving action of sieve plate, reduce the granularity of sieving gradually, the dust making particle diameter low is more easily sized out.
3. resinous shale provided by the invention/low-rank coal distillation process, the vibrational frequency of described sieve plate is 14Hz-20Hz, and amplitude is 5mm-7mm.By arranging above-mentioned vibrational frequency and amplitude, can when ensureing that dust is sized out, prevent oarse-grained resinous shale/low-rank coal from being left sieve plate by dishing out, and the wearing and tearing of vibrating mechanism can be reduced, improve the work-ing life of vibrating mechanism and sieve plate.
4. resinous shale provided by the invention/low-rank coal distillation process, by sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described sieve plates is contrary, form the arrangement of "the" shape, resinous shale/the low-rank coal on sieve plate is made to move to lower along each sieve plate from eminence successively with suitable speed, and in moving process, resinous shale/low-rank coal that the dust that particle diameter is low is large with granularity is separated gradually, improve selection by winnowing separating effect.
5. resinous shale provided by the invention/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, before destructive distillation is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, first in selection by winnowing drying installation 1, selection by winnowing drying is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, to remove moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, after particularly eliminating the dust in resinous shale/low-rank coal, prevent dust in carbonization process from entering coke tar recovery system with coal gas, reduce the dustiness in tar.Dry by selection by winnowing, the moisture content in resinous shale/low-rank coal is reduced to less than 1%, the dust being less than 0.2mm of in resinous shale/low-rank coal more than 95% is separated with resinous shale/low-rank coal along with flue gas, there is significant dust removing effects.Fly-ash separator is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of described selection by winnowing drying installation and the smoke inlet of described destructive distillation device respectively with devulcanizer, make to produce in selection by winnowing drying after flue gas carries out dedusting and desulfurization process and can use in the cooling of semicoke, dedusting and desulfurization process can prevent dust and sulphur from penetrating in semicoke, improve the quality of semicoke, the ventilation that can improve integral device additionally by dedusting is smooth and easy, prevents pipeline from being blocked by dust.In addition, by the high-temperature flue gas of defocused for cooling half generation for generation of the desiccant heat smoke of selection by winnowing, make gas produce circulation between mixing section-selection by winnowing drying installation-destructive distillation device equipment, make gas obtain recycling, reduce the generation of waste gas.Simultaneously also take full advantage of heat energy, fully reclaimed semicoke with heat energy.
6. resinous shale provided by the invention/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, by arranging vibrating bed, dust low for particle diameter and the large resinous shale/low-rank coal of granularity being separated, (the small particle size dust that granularity is less than sieve aperture can first be fallen by sieve aperture, and bulk resinous shale/low-rank coal that granularity is greater than sieve aperture rests on above vibrating bed), therefore the heat smoke that the dust that particle diameter is low is more easily passed into is taken away, and further increases selection by winnowing effect.Also improved the contact surface of resinous shale/low-rank coal and heat smoke simultaneously by vibration, also can improve drying effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the system and device of resinous shale in the present invention/low-rank coal distillation process;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of selection by winnowing drying installation in the present invention.
Wherein: 1-selection by winnowing drying installation; 11-first tornado dust collector; 12-devulcanizer; 13-dedusting fan; 2-mixing section; 31-feed zone; 32-retort section; 33-cooling section; 41-second tornado dust collector; 42-flue gas blower fan; 43-first air blower; 51-second air blower; 52-burner; 61-the 3rd tornado dust collector; 62-purification and recovery system; 63-gas compressor; 71-body of heater; 72-opening for feed; 73-discharge port; 74-blast inlet; 75-air outlet; 76-vibrating bed; 77-rotary discharging device.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In addition, if below in the described different embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can be combined with each other.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of resinous shale/low-rank coal distillation process, comprises the following steps,
S1: pass into heat smoke in resinous shale/low-rank coal, carries out selection by winnowing drying to resinous shale/low-rank coal, removes the moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, produce flue gas, wherein, the temperature of heat smoke is 180 DEG C-350 DEG C, as 180 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 220 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 300 DEG C, 350 DEG C etc.; Calculate with the resinous shale of 1t/h/low-rank coal processing speed, the flow of heat smoke is 2000Nm
3/ h-5000Nm
3/ h (Nm
3for standard cubic meter), as 2000Nm
3/ h, 2500Nm
3/ h, 3000Nm
3/ h, 4000Nm
3/ h, 5000Nm
3/ h etc.;
S2: carry out heating destructive distillation process to passing into high-temperature gas through the dried resinous shale/low-rank coal of selection by winnowing, produces raw gas and semicoke;
S3: carry out dedusting and desulfurization process to the flue gas produced in selection by winnowing drying, produces cold flue gas;
S4: use described cold flue gas to carry out cooling to semicoke and produce high-temperature flue gas, described high-temperature flue gas is for generation of described heat smoke;
S5: the tar in raw gas is reclaimed.
Technique scheme is core technology scheme of the present invention, the main thought of its design is: before carrying out destructive distillation to resinous shale/low-rank coal, first carry out selection by winnowing drying to resinous shale/low-rank coal, to remove moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, after particularly eliminating the dust in resinous shale/low-rank coal, prevent dust in carbonization process from entering coke tar recovery system with coal gas, reduce the dustiness in tar.By controlling flow and the temperature of heat smoke, moisture content in resinous shale/low-rank coal is reduced to less than 1%, the dust being less than 0.2mm of in resinous shale/low-rank coal more than 95% is separated with resinous shale/low-rank coal along with flue gas, there is significant dust removing effects.Use in the cooling of semicoke after dedusting and desulfurization process are carried out to the flue gas produced in selection by winnowing drying, can prevent dust and sulphur from penetrating in semicoke, improve the quality of semicoke.In addition, by the high-temperature flue gas of defocused for cooling half generation for generation of the desiccant heat smoke of selection by winnowing, gas produces circulation between devices, makes gas obtain recycling, reduces the generation of waste gas.Simultaneously also take full advantage of heat energy, fully reclaimed semicoke with heat energy.
Under above-mentioned core concept, various deformation and improvement can be carried out to the step of resinous shale/low-rank coal distillation process.
Preferably, when carrying out selection by winnowing drying to resinous shale/low-rank coal, resinous shale/low-rank coal inputs from eminence, falls on vibrating bed in self gravitation effect; Described heat smoke passes into bottom described vibrating bed, flows out above described vibrating bed.
By arranging vibrating bed, dust low for particle diameter and the large resinous shale/low-rank coal of granularity being separated, (the small particle size dust that granularity is less than sieve aperture can first be fallen by sieve aperture, and bulk resinous shale/low-rank coal that granularity is greater than sieve aperture rests on above vibratory screening apparatus), therefore the hot blast that the dust that particle diameter is low is more easily passed into is taken away, and further increases selection by winnowing effect.Also improved the contact surface of resinous shale/low-rank coal and hot blast simultaneously by vibration, also can improve drying effect.
Also improved the contact surface of resinous shale/low-rank coal and heat smoke simultaneously by vibration, also can improve drying effect.
Further preferably, described vibrating bed is the three layers of sieve plate arranged along short transverse, be positioned at the described sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the resinous shale/low-rank coal fallen from last layer sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, as 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm etc., the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is less than the screen-aperture of the described sieve plate of top, is 8mm-10mm, as 8mm, 9mm, 10mm etc.
Screen-aperture determines the size of the particle by sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, therefore the particle being less than 12mm-20mm is by the sieve aperture sieve plate of the superiors (in three layers of sieve plate) of most top layer, the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate (being positioned at two pieces of sieve plates of below in three layers of sieve plate) is 8mm-10mm, therefore the particle of 8mm-10mm is less than by remaining described sieve plate, therefore by the successively sieving action of sieve plate, reduce the granularity of sieving gradually, the dust making particle diameter low is more easily sized out.
What deserves to be explained is, the quantity of sieve plate is not limited only to three layers, can also be other quantity, as two-layer, and four layers, five layers etc.
The vibrational frequency of described sieve plate is 14Hz-20Hz, and as 14Hz, 16Hz, 20Hz etc., amplitude is 5mm-7mm, as 5mm, 6mm, 7mm etc.Material is under the oscillating action of described vibrating bed, present similar fluid boiling state, major part material falls (just as misty rain shape) along sieve aperture dispersion, make resinous shale/low-rank coal and the abundant heat exchange of heat smoke, and make the dust separation on large granular materials, taken away by the flowing of the high-temperature gas flowed.
Described sieve plate is arranged with the with respect to the horizontal plane angular slope of 5 °-8 °, and as 5 °, 6 °, 7 ° 8 ° etc., the vergence direction of two adjacent described sieve plates is contrary.
By sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described sieve plates is contrary, form the arrangement of "the" shape, resinous shale/the low-rank coal on sieve plate is made to move to lower along each sieve plate from eminence successively with suitable speed, and in moving process, resinous shale/low-rank coal that the dust that particle diameter is low is large with granularity is separated gradually, improves selection by winnowing separating effect.
Further, when using cold flue gas to cool semicoke, the air output of resinous shale/low-rank coal per ton is 120Nm
3/ h-180Nm
3/ h, as 120Nm
3/ h, 150Nm
3/ h, 180Nm
3/ h etc., the temperature of cold flue gas is 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, as 65 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 85 DEG C etc., the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas produced is 240 DEG C-280 DEG C, as 240 DEG C, 260 DEG C, 280 DEG C etc., to resinous shale/low-rank coal carry out the portion gas after heating destructive distillation process and described high-temperature flue gas with and the flue gas that produces of cold flue gas burner mix to produce heat smoke.
The temperature of the high-temperature gas passed in destructive distillation process is 800 DEG C-900 DEG C, and as 800 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 900 DEG C etc., the time of destructive distillation process is 6h-8h, as 6h, 7h, 8h etc.
By controlling temperature and the destructive distillation treatment time of the heat smoke passed into resinous shale/low-rank coal, enabling resinous shale/low-rank coal obtain sufficient destructive distillation, making the output capacity of semicoke more than 60%.
Further, after the tar in raw gas is reclaimed, dedusting and energy recovery are carried out to coal shortage gas, carry out burning afterwards with air mixed and produce high-temperature gas for carrying out destructive distillation process to resinous shale/low-rank coal.
Coal shortage gas is burnt, fully can recycle the heat energy of coal shortage gas, improve heat utilization rate.
Further, coal shortage gas firing generation high-temperature gas also carries out selection by winnowing drying for carrying out mixing with air and described high-temperature flue gas for resinous shale/low-rank coal.Coal shortage gas firing produces high-temperature gas and mixes with air, to obtain the flue gas that temperature is 180-250 DEG C, as 180 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 250 DEG C etc., is also take full advantage of high-temperature gas in addition, plays comprehensive utilization heat energy, reduction exhaust gas production.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of resinous shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, as shown in Figure 1, comprises,
Selection by winnowing drying installation 1, for carrying out selection by winnowing drying treatment to resinous shale/low-rank coal;
Mixing section 2, is communicated with described selection by winnowing drying installation 1, for generation of heat smoke resinous shale/low-rank coal being carried out to selection by winnowing drying;
Destructive distillation device, for receiving the resinous shale/low-rank coal after selection by winnowing drying treatment, and carries out heating destructive distillation process to resinous shale/low-rank coal;
Combustion chamber 52, is communicated with described destructive distillation device, for generation of resinous shale/low-rank coal being carried out to the high-temperature gas heating destructive distillation process;
The fly-ash separator 11 be communicated with successively and devulcanizer 12, fly-ash separator 11 is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of described selection by winnowing drying installation and the smoke inlet of described destructive distillation device respectively with devulcanizer 12, for the flue gas in selection by winnowing drying installation 1 is imported in described destructive distillation device, and the semicoke that destructive distillation process produces is cooled, and produce heat smoke;
Described mixing section 2 is communicated with described combustion chamber 52, and the high-temperature gas for being produced described combustion chamber 52 feeds in described combustion chamber 52.
Above-mentioned resinous shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, before destructive distillation is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, first in selection by winnowing drying installation 1, selection by winnowing drying is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, to remove moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, after particularly eliminating the dust in resinous shale/low-rank coal, prevent dust in carbonization process from entering coke tar recovery system with coal gas, reduce the dustiness in tar.Dry by selection by winnowing, the moisture content in resinous shale/low-rank coal is reduced to less than 1%, the dust being less than 0.2mm of in resinous shale/low-rank coal more than 95% is separated with resinous shale/low-rank coal along with flue gas, there is significant dust removing effects.Fly-ash separator 11 is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of described selection by winnowing drying installation and the smoke inlet of described destructive distillation device respectively with devulcanizer 12, make to produce in selection by winnowing drying after flue gas carries out dedusting and desulfurization process and can use in the cooling of semicoke, dedusting and desulfurization process can prevent dust and sulphur from penetrating in semicoke, improve the quality of semicoke, the ventilation that can improve integral device additionally by dedusting is smooth and easy, prevents pipeline from being blocked by dust.In addition, by the high-temperature flue gas of defocused for cooling half generation for generation of the desiccant heat smoke of selection by winnowing, make gas produce circulation between mixing section 2-selection by winnowing drying installation 1-destructive distillation device equipment, make gas obtain recycling, reduce the generation of waste gas.Simultaneously also take full advantage of heat energy, fully reclaimed semicoke with heat energy.
Particularly, destructive distillation device, vertically there is feed zone 21, retort section 22, cooling section 23 from high to low respectively, described feed zone 21 is for receiving the resinous shale/low-rank coal after selection by winnowing moisture eliminator, described retort section 22 is for carrying out destructive distillation to material, and described cooling section 23 cools for the semicoke obtained destructive distillation;
The exhanst gas outlet of cooling section 33 is communicated with mixing section 2 by the second tornado dust collector 41, smoke induced draught fan 42.
The coal shortage gas outlet of retort section 32 is communicated with diffusing chimney with combustion chamber 52, mixing section 2 respectively by the 3rd tornado dust collector 61, purification and recovery system 62, gas compressor 63.
Described selection by winnowing drying installation 1, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
Body of heater 71, top is provided with opening for feed 72 and air outlet 75, and bottom is provided with discharge port 73, and the body of heater side of bottom is provided with blast inlet 74;
There is the vibrating bed 76 of three layers of sieve plate, be arranged in body of heater 71 along short transverse, being positioned at the sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the material fallen from last layer sieve plate.
By arranging vibrating bed 76, dust low for particle diameter and the large resinous shale/low-rank coal of granularity being separated, (the small particle size dust that granularity is less than sieve aperture can first be fallen by sieve aperture, and bulk resinous shale/low-rank coal that granularity is greater than sieve aperture rests on above vibrating bed), therefore the heat smoke that the dust that particle diameter is low is more easily passed into is taken away, and further increases selection by winnowing effect.Also improved the contact surface of resinous shale/low-rank coal and heat smoke simultaneously by vibration, also can improve drying effect.
Preferably, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, and the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is 8mm-10mm.Described sieve plate is arranged with the angular slope of 5 °-8 °, and the vergence direction of adjacent two described vibrating beds 76 is contrary.
Screen-aperture determines the size of the particle by sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, therefore the particle being less than 12mm-20mm is by the sieve aperture sieve plate of the superiors (in three layers of sieve plate) of most top layer, the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate (being positioned at two pieces of sieve plates of below in three layers of sieve plate) is 8mm-10mm, therefore the particle of 8mm-10mm is less than by remaining described sieve plate, therefore by the successively sieving action of sieve plate, reduce the granularity of sieving gradually, the dust making particle diameter low is more easily sized out.By sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described sieve plates is contrary, form the arrangement of "the" shape, resinous shale/the low-rank coal on sieve plate is made to move to lower along each sieve plate from eminence successively with suitable speed, and in moving process, resinous shale/low-rank coal that the dust that particle diameter is low is large with granularity is separated gradually, improves selection by winnowing separating effect.
What deserves to be explained is, the quantity of sieve plate is not limited only to three layers, can also be other quantity, as two-layer, and four layers, five layers etc.
The lower-most point being arranged in the compass screen surface of the sieve plate of top is 4m-8m to the vertical distance (H of Fig. 2) of sieve plate compass screen surface being positioned at below, as 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m.Dust and the large resinous shale/low-rank coal of granularity do the movement of falling object in this segment distance moving to next block sieve plate from lastblock sieve plate, are arranged and match with the flow of heat smoke, ensure that heat smoke has enough time to take away dust by above-mentioned height distance.
Further, above the discharge port 73 of selection by winnowing drying installation 1, rotary discharging device 77 is set, rotary discharging device 77 is in closing condition under normal conditions, pass through from discharge port 73 to prevent heat smoke, when rotary discharging device 77 being piled up resinous shale/low-rank coal after certain selection by winnowing drying, resinous shale/low-rank coal then can be made to pass through, and resinous shale/low-rank coal can revert to closing condition again by rear at once.
It is worthy of note, as shown in Figure 2, low-temperature flue gas that selection by winnowing drying produces afterwards is carried out after dedusting and fly-ash separator 11 and devulcanizer 12 to resinous shale/low-rank coal, there are three whereabouts, be discharged in air to diffuse respectively, part passes into cooling section 23 for cooling semicoke, also has part to lead to and gets back to regulate the temperature of the flue gas produced in mixing section 2 in mixing section 2, to reach the temperature of drying treatment.The coal shortage gas outlet of retort section 32 is communicated with diffusing chimney with combustion chamber 52, mixing section 2 respectively by the 3rd tornado dust collector 61, purification and recovery system 62, gas compressor 63, be discharged in air exactly by the gas of diffusing chimney and diffuse, also the gas produced after carrying out destructive distillation process after namely high-temperature gas passes into retort section 32, also three whereabouts are had, be passed into respectively in combustion chamber 52, mixing section 2, and part is diffused.。
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. resinous shale/low-rank coal distillation process, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps,
Heat smoke is passed in resinous shale/low-rank coal, selection by winnowing drying is carried out to resinous shale/low-rank coal, remove the moisture in resinous shale/low-rank coal and dust, produce low-temperature flue gas, wherein, the temperature of heat smoke is 180 DEG C-350 DEG C, and calculate with the resinous shale of 1t/h/low-rank coal processing speed, the flow of heat smoke is 2000Nm
3/ h-5000Nm
3/ h; Carrying out heating destructive distillation process to passing into high-temperature gas through the dried resinous shale/low-rank coal of selection by winnowing, producing raw gas and semicoke;
Dedusting and desulfurization process are carried out to the flue gas produced in selection by winnowing drying, produces cold flue gas;
Use described cold flue gas to carry out cooling to semicoke and produce high-temperature flue gas, described high-temperature flue gas is for generation of described heat smoke;
Tar in raw gas is reclaimed.
2. resinous shale according to claim 1/low-rank coal distillation process, is characterized in that, when carrying out selection by winnowing drying to resinous shale/low-rank coal, resinous shale/low-rank coal inputs from eminence, falls on vibrating bed in self gravitation effect; Described heat smoke passes into bottom described vibrating bed, flows out above described vibrating bed.
3. resinous shale according to claim 2/low-rank coal distillation process, it is characterized in that, described vibrating bed is the multiple sieve plate arranged along short transverse, be positioned at the described sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the resinous shale/low-rank coal fallen from last layer sieve plate, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, and the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is 8mm-10mm.
4. resinous shale according to claim 3/low-rank coal distillation process, is characterized in that,
The vibrational frequency of described sieve plate is 14Hz-20Hz, and amplitude is 5mm-7mm.
5. resinous shale according to claim 4/low-rank coal distillation process, is characterized in that, described sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described sieve plates is contrary.
6. the resinous shale according to any one of claim 1-5/low-rank coal distillation process, is characterized in that, when using cold flue gas to cool semicoke, the air output of resinous shale/low-rank coal per ton is 120Nm
3/ h-180Nm
3/ h, the temperature of cold flue gas is 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas of generation is 240 DEG C-280 DEG C, carries out the portion gas after heating destructive distillation process mix to produce heat smoke with described high-temperature flue gas and cold flue gas to resinous shale/low-rank coal.
7. the resinous shale according to any one of claim 1-5/low-rank coal distillation process, is characterized in that, the temperature of the high-temperature gas passed in destructive distillation process is 800 DEG C-900 DEG C, and the time of destructive distillation process is 6h-8h.
8. resinous shale/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, is characterized in that, comprise,
Selection by winnowing drying installation (1), for carrying out selection by winnowing drying treatment to resinous shale/low-rank coal;
Mixing section (2), is communicated with described selection by winnowing drying installation (1), for generation of heat smoke resinous shale/low-rank coal being carried out to selection by winnowing drying;
Destructive distillation device, for receiving the resinous shale/low-rank coal after selection by winnowing drying treatment, and carries out heating destructive distillation process to resinous shale/low-rank coal;
Combustion chamber (52), is communicated with described destructive distillation device, for generation of resinous shale/low-rank coal being carried out to the high-temperature gas heating destructive distillation process;
The fly-ash separator (11) be communicated with successively and devulcanizer (12), fly-ash separator (11) is communicated with the exhanst gas outlet of described selection by winnowing drying installation and the smoke inlet of described destructive distillation device respectively with devulcanizer (12), for the flue gas in selection by winnowing drying installation (1) is imported in described destructive distillation device, and the semicoke that destructive distillation process produces is cooled, and produce heat smoke;
Described mixing section (2) is communicated with described combustion chamber (52), and the high-temperature gas for described combustion chamber (52) being produced feeds in described combustion chamber (52).
9. resinous shale according to claim 8/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, is characterized in that, described selection by winnowing drying installation (1) comprising:
Body of heater (71), top is provided with opening for feed (72) and air outlet (75), and bottom is provided with discharge port (73), and the body of heater side of bottom is provided with blast inlet (74);
There is the vibrating bed (76) of multiple sieve plate, be arranged in described body of heater (71) along short transverse, being positioned at the sieve plate of lower floor for accepting the resinous shale/low-rank coal fallen from last layer sieve plate.
10. resinous shale according to claim 9/low-rank coal destructive distillation device, it is characterized in that, the screen-aperture being positioned at the described sieve plate of top is 12mm-20mm, the screen-aperture of remaining described sieve plate is 8mm-10mm, and described sieve plate with respect to the horizontal plane 5 °-8 ° angular slope arrange, the vergence direction of two adjacent described vibrating beds (76) is contrary.
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