CN105565559B - A kind of technology for removing mercury in acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water - Google Patents

A kind of technology for removing mercury in acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105565559B
CN105565559B CN201610028334.9A CN201610028334A CN105565559B CN 105565559 B CN105565559 B CN 105565559B CN 201610028334 A CN201610028334 A CN 201610028334A CN 105565559 B CN105565559 B CN 105565559B
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mercury
waste water
reaction
acid
photochemical
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CN105565559A (en
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刘咏
周安澜
黄科
徐凤
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Deepblue Environmental Protection Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Sichuan Normal University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

Abstract

Invention describes a kind of method for removing mercury in acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water, comprise the following steps:Bivalent mercury waste water will be contained first and be collected to acid and alkali-resistance and in the preferable reaction vessel of UV light permeability, sodium chloride is added into waste water, complex reaction is carried out under agitation, complex reaction adds fulvic acid after terminating, this container is put into photochemical reaction device again, photochemical reduction reaction is carried out under agitation, the bivalent mercury in waste water is reduced to calogreen and reclaimed, and the supernatant after separation of solid and liquid is to handle water outlet.The present invention solves the problems, such as acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water environmental pollution, have the advantages that technique is simple, easily implements, be quick, both the mercury in waste water can have been removed in acid condition economical and efficient, Mercury in Wastewater can be reclaimed again, processing water outlet can also be allowed to have the possibility of recovery acid, there is good economic benefit and environmental benefit.

Description

A kind of technology for removing mercury in acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water
Technical field
The invention belongs to Environmental Chemistry technical field, and in particular to a kind of skill for removing mercury in acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water Art.
Background technology
Mercury is because of its special physicochemical properties and by chemical industry for making chlorine and alkali factory, non-ferrous metals smelting works, insecticide factory and majorization Industrial and commercial bank's industry widely uses.In addition, in CODCrIn continuous mode, to avoid the interference of chlorion, conventional mercuric sulfate makees screening agent. During the production and use of mercury, it is stronger to be inevitably generated toxicity, easy biological concentration and is difficult to biodegradable mercurous Waste water.Mercury enters people and knows from experience destruction central nervous system, and counterpart, mucous membrane and tooth also have harmful effect, for a long time exposed to height Brain damage and death can be caused in mercury environment.To avoid pollution of the mercury to environment, pollution sources, many rows in China are efficiently controlled Put standard such as《Urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard》GB18918-2002,《Integrated wastewater discharge standard》GB8918— 1996,《Household refuse landfill sites contamination control standard》GB16889-2008 etc. is provided to the concentration of emission of mercury.Therefore, Mercury-containing waste water is before environment is discharged, it is necessary to removes mercury therein by effectively processing.Due to mercury and a kind of important chemical industry Raw material, when handling high concentration mercury-containing waste water, it is efficent use of resources, the recovery of mercury need to be considered.
At present, traditional mercury-containing waste water treatment method mainly have coagulant sedimentation, metal deoxidization, active carbon adsorption, from Sub- exchange process, electrolysis, microbial method etc..In these methods, though can to handle high concentration mercurous for some methods such as coagulant sedimentation Waste water, but being introduced into for coagulant can cause the mercury in waste water to be difficult to effectively reclaim;Though some methods such as alkali precipitation recoverable wastewater In mercury, but waste water need to be adjusted in alkaline environment in processing, for acid mercury-containing waste water, can so consumed substantial amounts of Alkali is so as to increasing processing cost;It is only mercurous in processing low concentration if some methods such as active carbon adsorption, ion-exchange etc. It is just economical during waste water;Metal deoxidization and traditional photochemical reduction are that the mercury ion in waste water is converted into mercury simple substance mostly Make mercury volatile into air, so as to cause secondary pollution.For acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water, due to mercury content compared with Height, the recovery of mercury must be considered in processing.Because waste water is in acidity, recovery condition is considered as in recovery and is maintained at acid as far as possible Under the conditions of, the water after processing is had the possibility of recovery acid.Therefore, research is a kind of in acid condition to convert the mercury in waste water Do not cause into the utility for being easy to be separated from the water and the technology of secondary pollution very necessary, develop this technology have it is larger Practical value.
The content of the invention
For the prevention and cure of pollution problem of mercury in current acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water, the purpose of the present invention is to find a kind of energy The mercury in waste water is removed and reclaimed in acid condition, technique is simple, easily implements, quick technology.It is it is characterized in that first Bivalent mercury waste water will first be contained and be collected to acid and alkali-resistance and in the preferable container of UV light permeability, sodium chloride is added into waste water, Complex reaction is carried out under agitation, and complex reaction adds fulvic acid after terminating, then this container is put into photochemical reaction dress Put, carry out photochemical reduction reaction, separation of solid and liquid under agitation, supernatant is processing water outlet, and solid is the mercuration of recovery Compound.The addition of sodium chloride, which should reach, makes mercuric mass ratio in Chlorine in Solution ion and waste water be 0.5:1~1:1, network The conjunction reaction time is 10 ~ 30min, and the mixing speed of complex reaction is 100~200r/min, during complex reaction in solution hydrogen from Sub- concentration is 0.1~6mol/L, and the temperature of complex reaction is 15 ~ 25 DEG C, mercuric matter in the fulvic acid and waste water that are added Amount is than being 15:1~30:1, the initial temperature of photochemical reduction reaction is 15 ~ 25 DEG C, time of photochemical reduction reaction for 1~ 4h, the mixing speed of photochemical reduction reaction are 100~200r/min, and the dominant wavelength of ultraviolet light is during photochemical reduction reaction 290~400nm, uviol lamp power are 50~300W/L.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:Sodium chloride is added into high concentration mercury-containing waste water, bivalent mercury in water can be made In acid condition mainly with the complex state of chlorine(HgClx x-2)Form exist.Under ultraviolet lighting effect, in waste water HgClx x-2Quick photo-reduction process can occur, because there is the presence of a large amount of chlorions, the reduction to mercury can be weakened, make mercury With the state of mercurous and chloride binding generation calogreen.In mercury reduction process, the effect of fulvic acid has:(1)Fulvic acid Contain the isostructural active group of a large amount of semiquinones in molecule, the work of electron transfer mediator is played in the redox reaction of mercury With accelerating the photo-reduction process of mercury;(2)The reduction group such as carboxyl in molecule directly plays reduction to bivalent mercury;(3)It is rich In acid have stronger absorption to the nm of 290 nm ~ 400 UVR, under the irradiation of this wave band ultraviolet light, fulvic acid absorbs Sensitized photodecomposition effect can be produced after photon, carries out photo induced electron transfer process, caused electronics can reduce bivalent mercury.By A large amount of chlorions are there are in system, mercuric oxidizing potential can be reduced, this causes the reduction of fulvic acid only to rest on one In the valency mercury stage, avoid the generation of nonvalent mercury.Because solubility of the calogreen in water is relatively low, with solid precipitation in water Form is present, and the purpose of removal and the recovery of Mercury in Wastewater is just can reach by separation of solid and liquid.What is be related in processing procedure is main Equation such as formula(1)~(5).The mercury in high concentration mercury-containing waste water under acid condition can be removed and be reclaimed by the above method, Effectively achieve the purpose of purification sewage.
The direct photoreduction of mercury under Chloride-ion System
Hg2++ xCl-→HgClx x-2(1)
HgClx x-2+ hυ→Hg2Cl2+ Cl-(2)
The direct reduction reactor of fulvic acid under Chloride-ion System
FAred+ HgClx x-2→Hg2Cl2+ FAox+ Cl-(3)
The photosensitizer reduction reaction of fulvic acid under Chloride-ion System
FA+ hυ→FA*(Excitation state)(4)
FA*+ HgClx x-2→FA+ Hg2Cl2+ Cl-(5)
Relative to existing method, outstanding advantages of the invention are to be made in acid condition using cheap chloride Complexing agent, the bivalent mercury in waste water is effectively reduced into calogreen with free of contamination ultraviolet light and carries out precipitation recovery;Secondly, Recycling directly carried out to mercury in acid condition avoid to consume caused by substantial amounts of alkali economy during pH adjust Input, makes processing water outlet have the possibility of recovery acid, economic and environment-friendly;Again, nature is employed to be widely present and environment-friendly Fulvic acid is effectively improved reduction reaction efficiency so that wastewater treatment is simpler as photosensitizer and reducing agent.Therefore, The technical matters is simple, easily implements, and by the effectively removal and recovery of the mercury in waste water in sour environment, has obvious environment Benefit and economic benefit.
Specific implementation method
Embodiment 1:Hg in certain wastewater from chemical industry2+Concentration be 156.86mg/L, hydrogen ion concentration is 0.1mol/L in water. Take waste water 1L to be 2L acid and alkali-resistances in a volume and consolidate in the preferable container of UV light permeability, adding 0.2g sodium chloride Body, 15min is reacted under conditions of being 120r/min in 20 DEG C and mixing speed, then fulvic acid 4g is added into the container, will held Device is transferred to photochemical reactor, solution initial temperature be 25 DEG C, mixing speed 150r/min, ultraviolet light dominant wavelength be 365nm, uviol lamp power carry out photochemical reduction reaction 2h under conditions of being 150W.After photochemical reduction reaction terminates, solid-liquid Separation, supernatant is water outlet after processing, Hg in water outlet2+Concentration be reduced to 4.70mg/L, Hg2+Clearance up to 97%, gained The quality of calogreen is 159mg in solid, and the rate of recovery of mercury is up to 87%.
Embodiment 2:Ag in the COD measure waste liquids of certain effluent of municipal sewage plant on-line monitoring+、Hg2+、H+, Cr VI Concentration be respectively 4152mg/L, 4249mg/L, 5.1mol/L, 3082.54mg/L.Waste liquid 5L is come together in into a volume first It is anti-under conditions of 36g sodium chloride is 180r/min in 20 DEG C and mixing speed in the container 1 of 8L acid and alkali-resistances, to be added into waste liquid Answer 15min, chlorion is carried out complex reaction with mercury while the AgCl natural sedimentations of generation, added in the supernatant after desilver 75g activity powdered carbons, by the hexavalent chrome reduction in waste liquid to trivalent, 30min, separation of solid and liquid, by its supernatant are reacted at normal temperatures Volume is transferred to for 8L acid and alkali-resistances and in the preferable container of UV light permeability 2,400g fulvic acid is added into container 2, will Container 2 is put into photochemical reactor, uviol lamp dominant wavelength be 290nm, power 1200W, initial temperature be 20 DEG C and stirring Speed carries out photochemical reduction reaction 4h under conditions of being 120r/min, after reaction terminates, separation of solid and liquid, its supernatant is processing Water outlet afterwards.Hg in water outlet2+Concentration be reduced to 160.32mg/L, Hg2+Clearance up to 96.23%, the matter of mercury in gained solid Measure as 21.25g, the rate of recovery of mercury is up to 85%.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. method for removing mercury in acidic high-strength mercury-containing waste water, it is characterised in that bivalent mercury waste water will be contained first and be collected to Acid and alkali-resistance and in the preferable reaction vessel of UV light permeability, sodium chloride is added into waste water, carries out network under agitation Reaction is closed, complex reaction adds fulvic acid after terminating, then this container is put into photochemical reaction device, enters under agitation Row photochemical reduction reaction, separation of solid and liquid, supernatant for processing water outlet, solid for recovery mercury compound, the addition of sodium chloride Amount, which should reach, makes chlorion and mercuric mass ratio in waste water in waste water be 0.5:1~1:1, the complex reaction time be 10~ 30min, the mixing speed of complex reaction are 100~200r/min, during complex reaction in solution hydrogen ion concentration be 0.1~ 6mol/L, the temperature of complex reaction is 15 ~ 25 DEG C, and mercuric mass ratio is 15 in the fulvic acid and waste water that are added:1~ 30:1, the initial temperature of photochemical reduction reaction is 15 ~ 25 DEG C, and time of photochemical reduction reaction is 1~4h, photoreduction The mixing speed of reaction is 100~200r/min, and the dominant wavelength of ultraviolet light is 290~400nm during photochemical reduction reaction, ultraviolet Lamp power is 50~300W.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5710383A (en) * 1980-06-20 1982-01-19 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Removing method of heavy metallic element contained in waste water
JP2002361237A (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-17 Ebara Corp Method and device for treating waste water containing cod component
CN101811795A (en) * 2010-04-22 2010-08-25 长沙华时捷环保科技发展有限公司 Processing method and processing system thereof for acidic waste water containing heavy metals
CN103752598A (en) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-30 天津生态城环保有限公司 Equipment and method for restoring heavy-metal-polluted soil by combination of leaching method and oxidation method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5710383A (en) * 1980-06-20 1982-01-19 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Removing method of heavy metallic element contained in waste water
JP2002361237A (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-17 Ebara Corp Method and device for treating waste water containing cod component
CN101811795A (en) * 2010-04-22 2010-08-25 长沙华时捷环保科技发展有限公司 Processing method and processing system thereof for acidic waste water containing heavy metals
CN103752598A (en) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-30 天津生态城环保有限公司 Equipment and method for restoring heavy-metal-polluted soil by combination of leaching method and oxidation method

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Effective date of registration: 20181205

Address after: 610041, 24th Floor, New Hope International C Block, No. 8, Jitai No. 3 Road, Chengdu High-tech Zone, Sichuan Province (1-8)

Patentee after: Deepblue Environmental Protection Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address before: 610068 No. 5 Jing'an Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province

Patentee before: Sichuan Normal University