CN105562959A - Method for improving mechanical performance of high-strength steel laser welding joint - Google Patents
Method for improving mechanical performance of high-strength steel laser welding joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN105562959A CN105562959A CN201610117506.XA CN201610117506A CN105562959A CN 105562959 A CN105562959 A CN 105562959A CN 201610117506 A CN201610117506 A CN 201610117506A CN 105562959 A CN105562959 A CN 105562959A
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- alterant
- laser
- welding
- laser welding
- welding joint
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3046—Co as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding and connection, and relates to a method for improving mechanical performance of a high-strength steel laser welding joint. Firstly, multiple metal particles with higher melting point and a proper amount of inorganic compounds are mixed according to mass percentages of 40-50% of Co, 20-30% of Mo, 20-30% of V, 2-4% of Na2B4O7, 1-3% of MnO and 1-3% of SiO2, and are dried to prepare alterant; then, the prepared alterant and adhesive are uniformly mixed according to a ratio of 19: 1 to prepare alterant alloy paste; and finally, the alterant alloy paste is uniformly coated on the surface of a welded high-strength steel structural part welding joint for laser welding. The joint obtained by welding increases the tensile strength by 5.0-12.0% and the elongation by 5.2-16.4%, and effectively improves the mechanical performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding and interconnection technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property.
Background technology
Automotive light weight technology technology is the Integrated predict model of light-weight design, lightweighting materials and lightweight manufacturing technology.Ensure after automotive light weight technology that an important means of crashworthiness adopts high strength steel exactly and uses laser welding technology to manufacture vehicle body various load safety knot component.
High strength steel is referred to and add the alloying elements such as a small amount of niobium, titanium, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese and titanium, the steel grade obtained by solid solution strengthening, precipitation strength, grain refining strengthening and strain build up in mild steel.High strength steel has high tensile strength and yield strength, and its processability is good, S. E. A. is high, initial manufacture hardening rate is high and crashproof concavity can be good, and develops one of lightweighting materials had an optimistic view of the most for application prospect in automobile making rapidly.Armor plate strength improves, and thickness of slab just can be thinning, thus effectively alleviate car weight.After using high-strength steel sheet to replace former steel plate, vehicle body thickness of slab can be kept to 0.8 ~ 1.0mm by 1.2 ~ 1.5mm, and parts weight loss effect can reach 15 ~ 20%.
Laser weld utilizes the laser beam of high-energy-density as a kind of high-efficiency and precision welding method of thermal source, have that heat input is low, speed of welding be fast, joint thermal deformation and the advantage such as heat affected area is little, melting pool shape depth-to-width ratio is large, seam organization is thin and joint toughness is good, obtain increasingly extensive application at industrial circles such as machinery, automobile, shipbuilding, Aero-Space, iron and steel, ocean engineering and piece surface reparations, become one of outstanding achievement of auto manufacturing.Laser welding process has many advantages compared with the product of traditional spot welding lap joint process, which not only reduces the manufacturing cost of car load, logistics cost, complete vehicle weight, build-up tolerance, oil consumption and percent defective, also reduce periphery reinforced part quantity, simplify installation step and technique, make the collision energy of vehicle strengthen, punch forming rate and resistance to corrosion improve simultaneously.After body of a motor car various load safety knot component uses laser welding technology to produce, parts secondary loss of weight can further improve 30 ~ 40%.
High strength steel alloy constituent content enriches, and processing technology is complicated, requires high to metallurgical quality.For dual phase steel, it is the ferrite and martensite duplex structure that are obtained through tow-phase region heat treatment or controlled rolling and controlled cooling by mild steel or low-carbon micro steel-alloy, carry out annealing and quenching subsequently in critical-temperature interval, coexistence region annealing temperature directly determines austenitic content and carbon content thereof, thus determines austenite quenching degree; And cooling velocity determines austenite completes transformation in which way, diffused or Shear-type, these processing courses and tissue change will directly affect the mechanical property of material.In quick cooling procedure, austenite can be transformed into martensite completely, thus reaches martensite and ferritic room temperature texture.High strength steel to thermal process and composition transfer very responsive, owing to being subject to heat effect in welding process, mother metal local remelting, weld metal zone tissue will change.
Therefore, ensure that weld seam is the difficult point that high strength steel welds with the structure and properties uniformity of mother metal for a long time.First, laser weld temperature is high, and the alloying element oxidation and the scaling loss that play invigoration effect in steel are serious; Secondly, heating cycle is short, weld metal zone tissue is difficult to realize homogenising, cause in cementite generated in-situ austenite phosphorus content high, the austenitic phosphorus content in other regions is low, and high carbon austenitic is more difficult to be realized martensiticly changing completely, cause in tissue and have more retained austenite, retained austenite is non-equilibrium microstructure, and it can be transformed into martensite under the bringing out of stress, reduces the mechanical property of welding point; In addition, cooling velocity during welding is exceedingly fast, and destroys the original structural equation state of mother metal completely, makes weld metal have a special oversaturated as-cast structure, causes there is larger difference between the structural state of weld metal and base metals.The mechanical property of welding point also not exclusively depends on the chemical composition of weld metal also have much relations with the structural state residing for it.Welding joint structure is by the chemical composition of weld seam and the coefficient result of welding thermal process.High intensity steel laser welding changes mother metal original heat treatment process, cause the mechanical property of welding point and mother metal unequal, plasticity, toughness significantly reduce.
At present; the research of high intensity steel laser welding is mainly concentrated on to the optimization of the technological parameters such as the weldability of various super-high strength steel, the impact of welding variables butt joint structure and properties, power density, laser pulse shape, laser pulse width, defocusing amount, speed of welding and protective gas, and achieve gratifying achievement.For realizing obtaining larger weld penetration under lower laser power, stable welding process and excellent quality of weld seam molding, in recent years, researcher develops the welding procedure that multiple laser and other thermal source carry out compound, as laser and electric arc, laser and plasma arc, laser to weld with induction thermal source Combined Welding, double laser beam and the welding for high strength steel such as multi-beam laser weldering.But the joint that laser weld high strength steel obtains still fails to solve lower than the technical barrier of mother metal mechanical property.Up to now, have no and how to improve high intensity steel laser welding joint structure, improve the relevant report of welding joint mechanical property.
Summary of the invention
When object of the present invention is just for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, accompanying drawings is as follows:
The present invention is by adding on high strength steel welding point welding place surface the mechanical property that the alterant be made up of the higher alloying element of multiple fusing point and appropriate inorganic compound changes welding point, wherein alloying element plays solution strengthening and Metamorphism treatment at joint surface, and changes the form of weld seam solidified structure; Inorganic compound is lost Metamorphism treatment effect to prevent the alloying element of Metamorphism treatment to be oxidized on the one hand in welding process, can improve the absorptivity to laser beam and energy conversion efficiency on the other hand.
Improve a method for high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property, comprise the following steps:
The process of A, raw material
Screening be of a size of 20-60 μm, the Co (cobalt) of purity 99.99%, Mo (molybdenum) and V (vanadium) metallic particles for subsequent use;
Choose Na
2b
4o
710H
2o (borax), MnO (manganese oxide) and Si0
2(silica), carry out dewatering, dry, pulverize and screen for subsequent use respectively, during screening, particle size is 20-50 μm;
The preparation of B, alterant
Be Co40-50%, Mo20-30%, V20-30%, Na by mass percentage by the metallic particles of gained in steps A and inorganic compound
2b
4o
72-4%, MnO1-3% and Si0
21-3% mix and blend in 200-300 DEG C of oven dry;
C, prepare alterant alloy cream
Gained alterant in step B and binding agent are mixed by the proportioning of 19:1 and makes alterant alloy cream;
D, alterant alloy cream even application is carried out laser weld in welded high strength steel structural member welding point surface.
In step C, the binding agent mass percent in described alterant alloy cream is 5%.
In step C, described binding agent take polystyrene as solute, and trichloro-ethylene is the perspex body with certain viscosity that solvent is made, and binding agent is heated to volatilize completely between 150-370 DEG C and does not stay any residue.
In step D, described high strength steel structural member selects DP780 dual phase steel, and thickness is respectively 1.0mm and 1.2mm, carries out the test of unequal thickness plate laser assembly solder.
In step D, during described laser weld, laser welder is CO
2laser instrument, bonding power P=1.0kw, welding speed V=2000mm/min, defocusing amount F=0mm, side-blown gas is pure Ar, and flow is 30L/min.
The object of adding binding agent ensures that alterant can be tightly adhered to welding point welding place surface, and meanwhile, after ensureing laser weld, binding agent can volatilize completely and not stay any residue, avoids commissure form pore or be mingled with.
Laser weld temperature is high, the alloying element oxidation and the scaling loss that play invigoration effect in steel are very serious, first Co, Mo and V alloy element are added in laser weld joint welding place surface is the loss compensating the hardening constituent alloying element caused due to reasons such as evaporation and oxidations in laser beam welding as alterant; Next is that the fusing point of Co, Mo and V alloy element is higher, as the particle of non-spontaneous nucleation in weld metal process of setting, can make refinement of welded metal; 3rd, interpolation Co is also Ms (martensite transfor mation) temperature in order to improve steel, and reduce the retained austenite in steel, Co plays solution strengthening effect in steel, can obtain the self tempering characteristic of steel; Add Mo and V to produce dispersion-strengtherning effect when tempering.
Metal material has the features such as the absorptivity of high surperficial initial reflectance and radiant energy is low to laser beam, and inorganic compound is higher to the absorptivity of laser when room temperature, adding appropriate inorganic compound in alterant, is first improve the absorptivity to laser beam; Next is that inorganic compound fusing point is lower, Na
2b
4o
7741 DEG C of fusings, resolve into boric anhydride and kodalk in the liquid state, boric anhydride and metal oxide form meltable borate, and kodalk and borate form the lower complex chemical compound of fusion temperature, protection Co, Mo and V alloy element not oxidized.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is by adding alterant to welding point welding place surface, compensate the loss of the alloying element caused due to reasons such as evaporation and oxidations in laser beam welding, Metamorphism treatment is carried out to the weld metal of fusing simultaneously, change the form of weld metal solidifying microstructure, crystal grain thinning, improve plasticity, toughness, thus improve the mechanical property of welding point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Contact cross-section shape appearance figure when Fig. 1 is welding point welding place of the present invention surface interpolation alterant;
Seam organization figure when Fig. 2 is welding point welding place of the present invention surface interpolation alterant;
Fig. 3 is welding point welding place surface of the present invention contact cross-section shape appearance figure when not adding alterant;
Fig. 4 is welding point welding place surface of the present invention seam organization figure when not adding alterant.
Detailed description of the invention
By the following embodiment provided, concrete further elaboration is done to the inventive method.
A kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property of the present invention, add alterant on high strength steel welding point welding place surface, alterant contains the higher alloying element of fusing point and inorganic compound, improves the absorptivity to laser beam and energy conversion efficiency while playing solution strengthening and Metamorphism treatment effect.
Improve a method for high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property, comprise the following steps:
The process of A, raw material
Screening is of a size of 20-60 μm, and the Co of purity 99.99%, Mo and V metallic particles is for subsequent use;
Choose Na
2b
4o
710H
2o, MnO and Si0
2, carry out dewatering, dry, pulverize and screen for subsequent use respectively, during screening, particle size is 20-50 μm;
The preparation of B, alterant
Be Co40-50%, Mo20-30%, V20-30%, Na by mass percentage by the metallic particles of gained in steps A and inorganic compound
2b
4o
72-4%, MnO1-3% and Si0
21-3% mix and blend in 200-300 DEG C of low temperature drying;
C, prepare alterant alloy cream
Be 95% and 5% mix and make alterant alloy cream by mass percentage by gained alterant and binding agent in step B;
Wherein, described binding agent take polystyrene as solute, and trichloro-ethylene is the perspex body with certain viscosity that solvent is made, and binding agent is heated to volatilize completely between 150-370 DEG C and does not stay any residue;
The object of adding binding agent ensures that alterant can be tightly adhered to welding point welding place surface, and meanwhile, after ensureing laser weld, binding agent can volatilize completely and not stay any residue, avoids commissure form pore or be mingled with;
D, alterant alloy cream even application is carried out laser weld in welded high strength steel structural member welding point surface;
DP780 dual phase steel selected by high strength steel material, and thickness is respectively 1.0mm and 1.2mm, carries out the test of unequal thickness plate laser assembly solder;
During laser weld, laser welder is CO
2laser instrument, bonding power P=1.0kw, welding speed V=2000mm/min, defocusing amount F=0mm, side-blown gas is pure Ar, and flow is 30L/min;
Following all embodiments all carry out laser weld by above-mentioned processing step and composition, and embodiment sees the following form 1.
Table 1 alterant composition and plumb joint performance thereof
A kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property of the present invention, carry out according to above-mentioned processing step and composition the technical indicator that laser weld reaches:
(1) refinement weld metal crystal grain, improves joint plasticity and toughness;
(2) joint tensile strength improves 5.0-12.0%, and joint percentage elongation improves 5.2-16.4%.
Claims (5)
1. improve a method for high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The process of A, raw material
Screening is of a size of 20-60 μm, and the Co of purity 99.99%, Mo and V metallic particles is for subsequent use;
Choose Na
2b
4o
710H
2o, MnO and Si0
2, carry out dewatering, dry, pulverize and screen for subsequent use respectively, during screening, particle size is 20-50 μm;
The preparation of B, alterant
Be Co40-50%, Mo20-30%, V20-30%, Na by mass percentage by the metallic particles of gained in steps A and inorganic compound
2b
4o
72-4%, MnO1-3% and Si0
21-3% mix and blend in 200-300 DEG C of oven dry;
C, prepare alterant alloy cream
Gained alterant in step B and binding agent are mixed by the proportioning of 19:1 and makes alterant alloy cream;
D, alterant alloy cream even application is carried out laser weld in welded high strength steel structural member welding point surface.
2. a kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step C, and the binding agent mass percent in described alterant alloy cream is 5%.
3. a kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step C, described binding agent take polystyrene as solute, trichloro-ethylene is the perspex body with certain viscosity that solvent is made, and binding agent is heated to volatilize completely between 150-370 DEG C and does not stay any residue.
4. a kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step D, described high strength steel structural member selects DP780 dual phase steel, and thickness is respectively 1.0mm and 1.2mm, carries out the test of unequal thickness plate laser assembly solder.
5. a kind of method improving high intensity steel laser welding joint mechanical property according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step D, and during described laser weld, laser welder is CO
2laser instrument, bonding power P=1.0kw, welding speed V=2000mm/min, defocusing amount F=0mm, side-blown gas is pure Ar, and flow is 30L/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113118630A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of laser tailor-welded blank with different thicknesses |
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