CN105557654A - Ecological artificial bait for tuna longline and preparation method therefor - Google Patents
Ecological artificial bait for tuna longline and preparation method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105557654A CN105557654A CN201410532750.3A CN201410532750A CN105557654A CN 105557654 A CN105557654 A CN 105557654A CN 201410532750 A CN201410532750 A CN 201410532750A CN 105557654 A CN105557654 A CN 105557654A
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Abstract
The invention relates to ecological artificial bait for tuna longline and a preparation method therefor. The bait contains the following main constituent materials: a bait skeleton and bait film coating (outer coating) materials, wherein the bait skeleton is prepared from artificial or natural, degradable and harmless materials, and the density of the materials is higher than that of sea water, and the bait film coating (outer coating) materials contain adjuvants such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), aliphatic polycarbonate (APC), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), styrene-ethylene/butadiene-styrene copolymer (SEBS), sodium alginate (SA), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), protein, amino acid, starch, glycerine and cane sugar, as well as a fish luring agent, a coloring agent, an illuminating agent and the like. A film coating, which is proper in material density and has good dispersing and fish luring agent slow-releasing capacity, can be prepared through mixing the film coating materials at a proper ratio; and the ecological artificial bait is ideal in rigidity, toughness and weather resistance, excellent in mechanical properties, breakage resistance and tear resistance and easy to operate, transport and store. The novel ecological artificial bait can be prepared by a simple process and has a very good simulated effect, thereby being capable of replacing the traditional fresh bait.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of the ecological plug of a kind of tuna longline, especially the material of main part using degradable material as plug is related to, this artificial plug can in marine environment natural degradation, can not bring harm to environment, the present invention relates to the method using these materials to make plug equally.
Background technology
In recent years, due to coastal water fishery resource decline and Sino-Japan, Sino-Korean, in get in succession the coming into force of fisheries agreement, the Marine Fishing Industry of China is faced with unprecedented severe situation, the positive encourage growth deep-sea fishing of national marine fishery policy for this reason, wherein, Tuna Fisheries becomes the most important components of China's Development for Distant Water Fishery because of its considerable economic benefit and abundant fishery resources.Current tuna longline fishing boat is except maximizing, and one of the most remarkable trend of ocean fishing vessel Future Development is exactly reduce energy consumption, and this is not only to cut operating costs, and is also in order to increasingly strict international convention and provincialism requirement in satisfied future.Because ocean longline fishing boat is high for the refrigeration requirements of fish products, therefore generating set and refrigerant compression acc power also larger; Our emphasis considers to be exactly develop energy-saving fishing gear and fish for equipment, thus reduces the energy consumption of fishing boat.Store owing to making bait difficulty with natural biological (mackerel or squid etc.), energy consumption is large, easily distributes undesirable smell.Artificial bait good endurance, can not lose its integrality because of overlong time in water, intensity is better, can be shaped to the shape of any attraction fish, easily link up with.Such as traditional tuna ghosting fishes, use natural timber, emulation property is poor, and use petroleum-based plastics to manufacture synthetic bait and catch on, wherein wider one applied by polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PVC can not biological degradation, have the taste of petroleum hydrocarbon, fish repel its taste, fish eat this artificial bait by mistake after owing to not degrading, its digestive system will be blocked, cause its possibility dead.More fatal is, PVC the plasticizer of compatibility higher dosage must could realize suitable soft or hard degree (plasticizing improves pliability), to reach simulated effect travelling in water, wherein the most commonly add dioctyl phthalate (DIOP), this plasticizer is all aqueous form, water insoluble, will exist for a long time in rivers/ocean after using.A large amount of experiments shows that this plasticizer has serious harm for organism.This plasticizer has at home and abroad been forbidden to be used in food association area, may cause serious consequence for artificial bait and a series of safety issues that may cause thereof thereupon.Prior art, for above-mentioned defect, must be found a kind of suitable novel degradable material and solve problem to make artificial bait for tunny.
United States Patent (USP) 4,375,481 propose a kind of bait using the method for gum, starch, protein and metal ion crosslinked to make.But the common viscosity of this jelly is very poor, be difficult to fish holder to rise to the bait, its bonding strength, elasticity and softness all can not reach the instructions for use of bait.
The artificial plug of tuna of the present invention not only has biodegradability, recyclable, avoids the fishing boat energy consumption that live bait is additional, thus fishing boat energy consumption can be reduced further, meanwhile, it has and constantly discharges fish luring agent, the function stimulating or lure tuna to take food, improves the angling rate of tuna.
The change of tuna to water temperature is more responsive, and water temperature sudden turn of events predation activity stops, and around water temperature slightly changes, and fish is just moved soon, should change fishing ground.Higher than catch rate when declining when seawater rises, flow velocity faster local water temperature is higher.Better than fishery harvesting after climax before climax, therefore also should change fishing ground after becoming tide.The tuna most of the time rests on the deep water place on below top layer, and know the degree of depth of thermocline, that just can estimate tuna perches the degree of depth.Yellowfin tuna can be caught at whole thermocline, but the big-eye tunas of 80% is that half storey just can catch under thermocline.The water temperature being suitable for fishing for big-eye tunas in the Pacific Ocean is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, mainly 10 ~ 18 DEG C in the Indian Ocean.What have thinks, yellowfin tuna mainly moves about at middle mixed layer and thermocline.Sea area, longfinned tunny place is square on the intermediate layer, and be distributed in daytime above thermocline, night rises to higher level.Be the habitat of big-eye tunas below thermocline and compared with cold water territory, big-eye tunas is liked water temperature 12 DEG C around and perches, but better fishery harvesting water temperature is between 11 DEG C and 26 DEG C.Data investigation shows the impact of angling rate (CPUE) by many factors of fished species in longline fishery, determine that the suitableeest soak time that Fish of interest fished for by tuna longline is conducive to improving Fish of interest CPUE, there are some researches show that the suitableeest soak time of tuna longline fishing tackle is about 10.0h; Make good use of the data of tuna living environment condition, simulate its living environment, according to the Characteristics of Vertical Distribution of thermocline in ocean, development has the artificial bait for tunny of fine dispersion and the controlled fish luring agent of slow releasing not of the same race, can fish for required kind selectively during operation on the sea.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for existing tuna longline Fishing technology provide a kind of energy-saving consumption-reducing, biological reusable edible, smell lure the time long, cheap, can natural degradation, artificial bait for tunny that trap effect is good.
The object of the invention realizes by following technical scheme:
Artificial bait for tunny, comprise plug skeleton and the coated film clothing layer running through plug entirety, wherein: the overall skeleton of plug can the be greater than seawater nuisanceless material of degradable by the density that artificial or natural world exist is made, and profile can simulate the fresh bait shape that any tuna longline uses.
Described bait coated film clothing layer material composition, comprises the various components of following weight percentage:
1) with the total weight of PVA with other film forming degradation material, the percentage by weight of PVA and other film forming degradation material is respectively:
（A）PVA80-90
(B) other film forming degradation material 10-20
2) with the total weight of the ecological bait of described tuna, PVA and other film forming degradation material account for 26 ~ 70 of percentage by weight, also comprise the following component of following percentage by weight in addition:
(C) Native Gel fiber-filled material 20-50
(D) auxiliary agent 10-20
(E) fish luring agent 0-3.0
(F) colouring agent 0-0.2
(G) luminous agent 0-0.1
3) with the total weight of the ecological plug rete of described tuna, PVA and other film forming degradation material account for percentage by weight
26 ~ 70, also comprise the following component of following percentage by weight in addition:
(C) Native Gel fiber-filled material 20-50
(D) auxiliary agent 10-20
(E) fish luring agent 0-3.0
(F) colouring agent 0-0.2
(G) luminous agent 0-0.1
The ecological plug of described tuna, is characterized in that: the overall skeleton of described plug can the be greater than seawater nuisanceless material of degradable by the density that artificial or natural world exist is made, and profile can simulate the fresh bait shape that any tuna longline uses; The skeleton entirety of plug is coated with film clothing layer.
Described tuna ecological simulation bait, is characterized in that: other described film forming degradable material be PCL,
One in PBS, APC, PU, EVA, SEBS, more than two or three.
The ecological plug of described tuna, is characterized in that: described Native Gel fibrous material is the one, two or three in SA, HPMC, MC.
The ecological plug of described tuna, is characterized in that: described auxiliary agent comprises: plasticizer, lubricant, crosslinking agent, table
Surface-active agent, stabilizing agent, antioxidant.
A manufacture method for the ecological plug of tuna longline, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) the drawing materials of plug framework material: the nuisanceless material of degradable that the density that available artificial or natural world exists is greater than seawater is made, and is placed in the mould scribbling releasing agent of definite shape;
2) by the material mixing and stirring in bait coated film clothing layer formula described above, mixture is obtained;
3) water-bath 50-80 DEG C, uniform stirring more than 30 minutes, leaves standstill more than 10 minutes de-bubbled, pours in above-mentioned mould;
Natural environment or freezing or the two combination sizing, finally repair and renovate and obtain the ecological plug of shaping tuna.
Feature of the present invention is, material therefor is biodegradable material, solve Traditional Man plug to be difficult to degraded, not possess the problem of biocompatibility, and there is good bionical performance, physical and mechanical properties is close to fresh bait, and while possessing good emulation property, processing characteristics is good, and technique is simple, with low cost, material easily obtains; Compared with fresh bait, have preserve simple, save edible albumen and the energy, the feature such as reusable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to the technical field of the ecological plug of a kind of tuna longline, comprise following examples, the following examples can further illustrate the present invention, but can not limit the present invention by any way.
PVA05-88 and PVA17-88 adopted in this patent two kinds of filmogens all can be water-soluble, and the PVA05-88 degree of polymerization is little, greatly water-soluble, and pliability is poor; The PVA17-88 degree of polymerization is large, and water-soluble little, pliability is good.Both are used in combination with proper proportion, can obtain the film clothing layer of forming.
In order to improve some performance of PVA, reduce costs, strengthen serviceability, this patent proposes the matrix material of PVA as degradable plug film clothing layer, also can be blended with the good degradation material of other toughness, as, polycaprolactone (PCL), poly butylene succinate (PBS), fatty poly-ester carbonate (APC), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS) etc., form novel completely biodegradable material, meet different instructions for uses.
Its component related to of this patent mainly comprises:
1) PVAC polyvinylalcohol;
2) other film forming degradation material, includes but not limited to PCL, PBS, APC, PU, EVA, SEBS etc.;
3) Native Gel fiber-filled material, includes but not limited to HPMC, SA, MC etc.;
4) auxiliary agent.
The auxiliary agent of middle finger of the present invention should include, but are not limited to plasticizer, crosslinking agent, surfactant, lubricant, antioxidant or other inorganic or organic filler and their mixture; In order to improve safety and environmental protection performance, biomass source and the auxiliary agent harmless to organism should be used.Object is the serviceability and the appearance that ensure bait.
Attract the effect of fish to reach, in the present invention fish luring agent comprise flavouring agent, sweetener, distiller's yeast, squid viscera and trash fish homogenate or its fresh, natural bait homogenate that smell is strong combined and other natural, artificial to the attractive mixed extract of fish.
In order to reach the effect attracting fish, the colouring agent in the present invention can be natural, artificial dye material.
In order to reach the effect attracting fish, the luminous agent in the present invention can be natural, artificial luminescent material.
examples of implementation
Embodiment 1
Step (one): take 1kgPVA, 0.25kgPCL, adds water and soaks 12h in right amount; Take 0.75kgHPMC, add water and soak 2h in right amount; Take 0.38kg glycerine, 0.05kg fish luring agent, 5g food coloring, 2.5g luminous agent; For subsequent use;
Step (two): by the material of above-mentioned preparation, water-bath 50-80 DEG C, uniform stirring more than 30 minutes, leaves standstill more than 10 minutes de-bubbled, obtains the material compound of fully biodegradable;
Step (three): be poured into by the above-mentioned compound be stirred, places the skeleton of definite shape and scribbles in the mould of releasing agent; Natural environment or freezing or the two combination sizing, molding time is 12-24h, finally repairs and renovate shaping, obtains the ecological plug of tuna.
Embodiment 2
Step (one): take 1kgPVA, 0.18kgPBS, adds water and soaks 12h in right amount; Take 0.75kgSA, add water and soak 2h in right amount; Take 0.38kg honey, 0.05kg fish luring agent, 5g food coloring, 2.5g luminous agent; For subsequent use;
Step (two): by the material of above-mentioned preparation, water-bath 50-80 DEG C, uniform stirring more than 30 minutes, leaves standstill more than 10 minutes de-bubbled, obtains the material compound of fully biodegradable;
Step (three): be poured into by the above-mentioned compound be stirred, places the skeleton of definite shape and scribbles in the mould of releasing agent; Natural environment or freezing or the two combination sizing, molding time is 12-24h, finally repairs and renovate shaping, obtains the ecological plug of tuna.
Claims (7)
1. the ecological plug of tuna longline and a manufacture method thereof, it is characterized in that, described plug comprises following various components:
1) plug framework material source: the density that artificial or natural world exists is greater than the nuisanceless material of degradable of seawater;
2) with the total weight of PVA with other film forming degradation material, the percentage by weight of PVA and other film forming degradation material is respectively:
(A)PVA80-90
(B) other film forming degradation material 10-20
3) with the total weight of described tuna ecological plug film clothing layer, PVA and other film forming degradation material account for 26 ~ 70 of percentage by weight, also comprise the following component of following percentage by weight in addition:
(C) Native Gel fiber-filled material 20-50
(D) auxiliary agent 10-20
(E) fish luring agent 0-3.0
(F) colouring agent 0-0.2
(G) luminous agent 0-0.1.
2. the ecological plug of tuna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plug profile can simulate the profile of the fresh bait that any tuna longline uses.
3. the ecological plug of tuna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: other described film forming degradable material is the one, more than two or three in PCL, PBS, APC, PU, EVA, SEBS.
4. the ecological plug of tuna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Native Gel fibrous material is the one, two or three in SA, HPMC, MC.
5. the ecological plug of tuna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described auxiliary agent comprises: plasticizer, lubricant, crosslinking agent, surfactant, stabilizing agent, antioxidant.
6. a preparation for the ecological plug of tuna longline, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Will as in the claims 1, according to 1) draw materials as plug skeleton, be placed in the mould scribbling releasing agent of definite shape; According to 2) material mixing and stirring in formula described in step, obtain mixture; According to 3) mixture of step, water-bath 50-80 DEG C, uniform stirring more than 30 minutes, leaves standstill more than 10 minutes de-bubbled, pours in above-mentioned mould;
Natural environment or freezing or the two combination sizing, finally repair and renovate and obtain the ecological plug of shaping tuna.
7. tuna general reference commercial field according to claim 1 is called as all fish of Tuna--like Fishes, comprises mackerel section, Istiophoridae, Xiphiidae at taxonomy of fishes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410532750.3A CN105557654A (en) | 2014-10-11 | 2014-10-11 | Ecological artificial bait for tuna longline and preparation method therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410532750.3A CN105557654A (en) | 2014-10-11 | 2014-10-11 | Ecological artificial bait for tuna longline and preparation method therefor |
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| CN105557654A true CN105557654A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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| CN201410532750.3A Pending CN105557654A (en) | 2014-10-11 | 2014-10-11 | Ecological artificial bait for tuna longline and preparation method therefor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818667A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-13 | 界首市蒙特普休闲用品有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type emulation synthetic bait clothing film high and preparation method thereof |
| CN106916494A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-04 | 界首市猎钓渔具有限公司 | Environment-friendly type high performance bait brightener |
| CN108794772A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-13 | 界首市汇珠渔具有限公司 | A kind of hydrogel material preparation method for bionic fish bait |
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| JPH11103789A (en) * | 1997-10-08 | 1999-04-20 | Kounosuke Shiotani | Solid fish alluring bait |
| CN101019525A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-22 | 崔德民 | Method of raising hook-taking rate of simulating bait and composite simulating bait |
| CN101525480A (en) * | 2008-07-20 | 2009-09-09 | 集伍国际控股集团有限公司 | Biodegradable synthetic bait and preparation method thereof |
| CN103583485A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2014-02-19 | 傅青宏 | Bait formed by novel polymer materials and production method thereof |
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2014
- 2014-10-11 CN CN201410532750.3A patent/CN105557654A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11103789A (en) * | 1997-10-08 | 1999-04-20 | Kounosuke Shiotani | Solid fish alluring bait |
| CN101019525A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-22 | 崔德民 | Method of raising hook-taking rate of simulating bait and composite simulating bait |
| CN101525480A (en) * | 2008-07-20 | 2009-09-09 | 集伍国际控股集团有限公司 | Biodegradable synthetic bait and preparation method thereof |
| CN103583485A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2014-02-19 | 傅青宏 | Bait formed by novel polymer materials and production method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818667A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-06-13 | 界首市蒙特普休闲用品有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type emulation synthetic bait clothing film high and preparation method thereof |
| CN106916494A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-04 | 界首市猎钓渔具有限公司 | Environment-friendly type high performance bait brightener |
| CN106916494B (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2020-03-31 | 界首市猎钓渔具有限公司 | Environment-friendly high-performance bait brightener |
| CN108794772A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-13 | 界首市汇珠渔具有限公司 | A kind of hydrogel material preparation method for bionic fish bait |
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