CN105552916A - UPFC (unified power flow controller) system-level control method with circuit power out-of-limit control function - Google Patents
UPFC (unified power flow controller) system-level control method with circuit power out-of-limit control function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有线路功率越限控制功能的UPFC系统级控制方法,其通过断面潮流控制策略实现UPFC断面潮流控制功能,在电网正常运行状态下,根据调度指令迅速将被控断面的实际功率控制在一个合理的功率设定值以下,保证与被控断面并联的输电线路满足N-1校核;在故障或工况改变而引起被控断面上的输电线路或与被控断面串联的输电线路功率越限时叠加上由线路功率越限控制模块产生的一个能够反映线路越限情况的功率偏差dP2,从而自动生成满足电网安全稳定运行要求的UPFC控制指令,在优先保证线路不过载的前提下满足断面潮流控制的要求。本发明既增加了调度的灵活性,又能够降低电网运行的复杂度,调高电网运行的可靠性。
The invention discloses a UPFC system-level control method with a line power over-limit control function, which realizes the UPFC section power flow control function through a section power flow control strategy, and quickly controls the actual power of the controlled section according to the dispatching instruction under the normal operation state of the power grid. The power is controlled below a reasonable power setting value to ensure that the transmission line connected in parallel with the controlled section meets N-1 check; When the power of the transmission line exceeds the limit, a power deviation dP2 generated by the line power over-limit control module that can reflect the line over-limit is superimposed, thereby automatically generating UPFC control instructions that meet the requirements for safe and stable operation of the power grid, and on the premise of ensuring that the line is not overloaded meet the requirements of cross-section power flow control. The invention not only increases the flexibility of dispatching, but also reduces the complexity of power grid operation, and improves the reliability of power grid operation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电力系统柔性输配电技术领域,具体涉及一种具有线路功率越限控制功能的UPFC系统级控制方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible power transmission and distribution of power systems, and in particular relates to a UPFC system-level control method with a line power over-limit control function.
背景技术Background technique
电力系统向大型互联电网发展,已经成为世界各国现代电力系统发展的共同趋势,而互联电网的形成使得电网结构日益复杂,运行日益繁重。为迎合电力系统发展需要,柔性交流输电(flexibleACtransmissionsystem,FACTS)技术急速发展。统一潮流控制器(unifiedpowerflowcontroller,UPFC)作为最新一代的FACTS装置,既能够实现潮流的精确控制,提高断面输送功率极限;又能提供动态电压支撑,提高系统电压稳定性;同时可以提高系统阻尼,改善系统动态特性。因此,合理装设统一潮流控制器对我国电网的发展具有十分重要的意义。The development of the power system to a large-scale interconnected grid has become a common trend in the development of modern power systems in all countries in the world, and the formation of the interconnected grid has made the grid structure increasingly complex and the operation increasingly heavy. In order to meet the needs of power system development, flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) technology is developing rapidly. As the latest generation of FACTS device, the unified power flow controller (unified power flow controller, UPFC) can not only realize the precise control of the power flow, improve the transmission power limit of the section, but also provide dynamic voltage support and improve the voltage stability of the system; system dynamics. Therefore, the reasonable installation of unified power flow controller is of great significance to the development of my country's power grid.
如图1所示,UPFC由两个背靠背的电压源变流器构成,两个背靠背的变流器共用直流母线和直流电容,二者都通过换流变压器接入系统,其中变流器2的换流变压器以串联形式接入。有功功率可以在两个变流器之间在任一方向自由流动,每个变流器的交流输出端也可独立地产生或吸收无功功率。UPFC中变流器2的功能是通过串联变压器给线路注入幅值和相角均可控的电压矢量,即可同时或有选择性地调节线路上的电压、阻抗和相角;变流器1的功能是提供或吸收变流器2在公共直流母线上所需要的有功功率,以维持串联注入电压与线路之间的有功功率交换。UPFC中,除了变流器2能与系统进行有功和无功功率的交换外,如有必要变流器1也可同时产生或吸收可控的无功功率,为线路提供独立的并联无功补偿。As shown in Figure 1, UPFC is composed of two back-to-back voltage source converters. The two back-to-back converters share the DC bus and DC capacitors. Both of them are connected to the system through the converter transformer. The converter 2’s The converter transformers are connected in series. Active power can flow freely in either direction between the two converters, and the AC output of each converter can also generate or absorb reactive power independently. The function of converter 2 in UPFC is to inject a voltage vector with controllable amplitude and phase angle into the line through the series transformer, so that the voltage, impedance and phase angle on the line can be adjusted simultaneously or selectively; converter 1 The function of is to provide or absorb the active power required by the converter 2 on the common DC bus, so as to maintain the active power exchange between the series injection voltage and the line. In UPFC, in addition to the active and reactive power exchange between the converter 2 and the system, if necessary, the converter 1 can also generate or absorb controllable reactive power at the same time, providing independent parallel reactive power compensation for the line .
统一潮流控制器在电网正常运行状态以及发生N-1故障时控制目标值的设定原则是其工程实用的难点之一。制定一套合理的系统级控制策略是UPFC装置投运前必须完成的工作。学术上,针对统一潮流控制器的研究大多集中在UPFC系统建模、潮流控制策略等方面。工程上,UPFC的工程应用在我国尚属空白,国外虽然已经有3套UPFC装置投入运行,但仍缺少可借鉴的工程经验。传统的UPFC装置直接安装在被控断面上,由调度人员远程给出被控断面功率设定值,在因故障或工况改变而引起线路功率越限时,需要调度员远程改变被控断面功率设定值;在不同运行工况下,调度员给出的被控断面功率设定值无法保证线路功率不越限。这大大增加了电网运行的复杂度,也会降低电网运行的可靠性。同时,受UPFC装置工程占地的限制,实际工程中可能无法将UPFC加装在被控断面上,此时需要通过控制加装在被控断面附近的UPFC装置来达到断面潮流控制效果。因此,制定一套可以工程实用的具有线路功率越限控制功能的UPFC系统级控制策略是十分有必要的。The principle of setting the control target value of the unified power flow controller in the normal operation state of the power grid and when an N-1 fault occurs is one of the difficulties in its practical engineering. To formulate a set of reasonable system-level control strategy is the work that must be completed before the UPFC device is put into operation. Academically, most of the research on UPFC focuses on UPFC system modeling and power flow control strategies. In terms of engineering, the engineering application of UPFC is still blank in my country. Although 3 sets of UPFC devices have been put into operation in foreign countries, there is still a lack of engineering experience that can be used for reference. The traditional UPFC device is directly installed on the controlled section, and the dispatcher remotely sets the power setting value of the controlled section. Fixed value; under different operating conditions, the power setting value of the controlled section given by the dispatcher cannot guarantee that the power of the line will not exceed the limit. This greatly increases the complexity of power grid operation and also reduces the reliability of power grid operation. At the same time, due to the limitation of the occupied area of the UPFC device project, it may not be possible to install UPFC on the controlled section in actual engineering. At this time, it is necessary to control the UPFC device installed near the controlled section to achieve the section power flow control effect. Therefore, it is very necessary to formulate a set of UPFC system-level control strategies that can be engineered and practical with the function of line power over-limit control.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术所存在的上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种具有线路功率越限控制功能的UPFC系统级控制方法,在优先保证线路不过载的前提下尽可能的满足断面潮流控制的要求,既增加了调度的灵活性,又能够降低电网运行的复杂度,调高电网运行的可靠性。In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a UPFC system-level control method with a line power over-limit control function, which satisfies the requirements of cross-section power flow control as much as possible on the premise of ensuring that the line is not overloaded. It not only increases the flexibility of dispatching, but also reduces the complexity of power grid operation and improves the reliability of power grid operation.
一种具有线路功率越限控制功能的UPFC系统级控制方法,由断面潮流控制策略与线路功率越限控制模块结合实现;所述的UPFC系统级控制方法通过断面潮流控制策略实现UPFC断面潮流控制功能,在电网正常运行状态下,根据调度指令迅速将被控断面的实际功率控制在一个合理的功率设定值以下,保证与被控断面并联的输电线路满足N-1校核;在故障或工况改变而引起被控断面上的输电线路或与被控断面串联的输电线路功率越限时叠加上由线路功率越限控制模块产生的一个能够反映线路越限情况的功率偏差dP2,从而自动生成满足电网安全稳定运行要求的UPFC控制指令,在优先保证线路不过载的前提下满足断面潮流控制的要求。A UPFC system-level control method with a line power over-limit control function, which is realized by combining a section power flow control strategy with a line power over-limit control module; the UPFC system-level control method realizes the UPFC section power flow control function through a section power flow control strategy , in the normal operation state of the power grid, quickly control the actual power of the controlled section below a reasonable power setting value according to the dispatching instruction, and ensure that the transmission line parallel to the controlled section meets the N-1 check; When the power of the transmission line on the controlled section or the transmission line in series with the controlled section exceeds the limit due to the change of the situation, a power deviation dP2 generated by the line power over-limit control module that can reflect the line over-limit situation is superimposed, so as to automatically generate satisfying The UPFC control command required by the safe and stable operation of the power grid meets the requirements of section power flow control on the premise of ensuring that the line is not overloaded.
所述断面潮流控制策略的具体过程如下:The specific process of the section power flow control strategy is as follows:
1.1计算被控断面的设定功率与实际功率之间的功率偏差dP1;1.1 Calculate the power deviation dP1 between the set power and actual power of the controlled section;
1.2将UPFC安装线路的功率、功率偏差dP1以及功率偏差dP2相叠加后,再经限幅环节得到UPFC的有功功率指令值;1.2 After superimposing the power of the UPFC installation line, the power deviation dP1 and the power deviation dP2, the active power command value of the UPFC is obtained through the limiting link;
1.3根据设定的线路功率因数利用所述的有功功率指令值,计算出UPFC的无功功率指令值;1.3 Calculate the reactive power command value of UPFC by using the active power command value according to the set line power factor;
1.4根据UPFC的有功功率指令值和无功功率指令值,通过相关控制算法对UPFC进行控制。1.4 According to the active power command value and reactive power command value of UPFC, the UPFC is controlled through relevant control algorithms.
所述的步骤1.1中被控断面的设定功率能够保证与被控断面并联的输电线路满足N-1校核,即当被控断面运行在该设定功率时任一与被控断面并联的输电线路发生N-1故障后,其他非故障的并联输电线路的功率均不超过各自的功率限值。The set power of the controlled section in step 1.1 can ensure that the transmission lines connected in parallel with the controlled section meet the N-1 check, that is, when the controlled section operates at the set power, any transmission line connected in parallel with the controlled section After the N-1 fault occurs on the transmission line, the power of other non-faulty parallel transmission lines shall not exceed their respective power limits.
所述的步骤1.3中通过以下公式计算UPFC的无功功率指令值:In the described step 1.3, the reactive power command value of UPFC is calculated by the following formula:
所述的线路功率越限控制模块产生功率偏差dP2的具体过程如下:The specific process of the power deviation dP2 generated by the line power over-limit control module is as follows:
2.1监控被控断面上的输电线路或与被控断面串联的输电线路的实际功率,计算各个被监控线路的功率限值与实际功率之间的功率偏差,对应作为各个被监控线路安全运行的功率裕度,提取所有被监控线路安全运行功率裕度的最小值X;2.1 Monitor the actual power of the transmission line on the controlled section or the transmission line in series with the controlled section, calculate the power deviation between the power limit value of each monitored line and the actual power, and correspond to the safe operation power of each monitored line Margin, extract the minimum value X of the safe operation power margin of all monitored lines;
2.2根据功率偏差dP1和功率裕度最小值X通过逻辑判断确定出选择信号Ctrl;2.2 Determine the selection signal Ctrl through logical judgment according to the power deviation dP1 and the minimum power margin X;
2.3根据所述的选择信号Ctrl确定PI(比例积分)控制器的输入,进而利用PI控制器输出产生所述的功率偏差dP2。2.3 Determine the input of a PI (proportional-integral) controller according to the selection signal Ctrl, and then use the output of the PI controller to generate the power deviation dP2.
所述步骤2.2中的具体逻辑判断标准如下:The specific logical judgment criteria in the step 2.2 are as follows:
①当系统正常运行状态下,各个被监控线路的实际功率均低于功率限值,则功率裕度最小值X大于0,此时选择信号Ctrl=0;①When the system is in normal operation state, the actual power of each monitored line is lower than the power limit, then the minimum power margin X is greater than 0, and the selection signal Ctrl=0 at this time;
②当系统发生N-1故障或因工况改变导致被监控线路过载时,即存在有被监控线路的实际功率高于功率限值的情况,则功率裕度最小值X小于0,此时选择信号Ctrl=1;②When N-1 faults occur in the system or the monitored line is overloaded due to changes in working conditions, that is, there is a situation where the actual power of the monitored line is higher than the power limit, the minimum value of the power margin X is less than 0, and at this time select signal Ctrl=1;
③当被控断面的实际功率超过设定功率同时各个被监控线路的实际功率均低于功率限值时,则功率偏差dP1小于0且功率裕度最小值X大于0,此时选择信号Ctrl=0。③ When the actual power of the controlled section exceeds the set power and the actual power of each monitored line is lower than the power limit, the power deviation dP1 is less than 0 and the minimum value of the power margin X is greater than 0, and the selection signal Ctrl= 0.
所述的步骤2.3中当选择信号Ctrl=0时,则PI控制器的输入信号为0;当选择信号Ctrl=1时,则PI控制器的输入信号为功率裕度最小值X与线路功率越限控制模块预设的功率控制裕度Pm的差值。When the selection signal Ctrl=0 in the described step 2.3, then the input signal of the PI controller is 0; limit the difference of the power control margin P m preset by the control module.
当被控断面的实际功率超过设定功率同时各个被监控线路的实际功率均低于功率限值时,选择信号Ctrl=0,PI控制器的输入信号重新变为0,同时PI控制器中的积分器清零。When the actual power of the controlled section exceeds the set power and the actual power of each monitored line is lower than the power limit, select the signal Ctrl=0, the input signal of the PI controller becomes 0 again, and at the same time the The integrator is cleared.
在情况②和情况③下,选择信号Ctrl的触发具有一定的延时,即连续多个时刻选择信号Ctrl=0或1,选择信号Ctrl才真正对PI控制器的输入进行相应的选择触发。In cases ② and ③, the triggering of the selection signal Ctrl has a certain delay, that is, the selection signal Ctrl=0 or 1 at multiple consecutive moments, and the selection signal Ctrl actually triggers the corresponding selection of the input of the PI controller.
在电网正常运行状态下,本发明提供的UPFC系统级控制策略能够根据调度指令迅速将被控断面的实际功率控制到断面功率设定值,保证与UPFC控制断面并联的输电线路满足N-1校核;在系统发生故障时或工况改变引起UPFC控制断面上或与UPFC控制断面串联的输电线路过载时,自动生成满足电网安全稳定运行要求的UPFC控制指令值,在优先保证线路不过载的前提下尽可能的满足断面潮流控制的要求,能够起到安全稳定自动装置的作用。本发明既增加了调度的灵活性,又能够降低电网运行的复杂度,调高电网运行的可靠性,对于UPFC的工程实用具有重要意义。In the normal operation state of the power grid, the UPFC system-level control strategy provided by the present invention can quickly control the actual power of the controlled section to the set value of the section power according to the dispatching instruction, ensuring that the transmission line connected in parallel with the UPFC control section satisfies the N-1 calibration requirement. Nuclear; when the system fails or the working condition changes, the UPFC control section or the transmission line connected in series with the UPFC control section is overloaded, and the UPFC control command value that meets the requirements for safe and stable operation of the power grid is automatically generated. Priority is given to ensuring that the line is not overloaded As far as possible to meet the requirements of cross-section power flow control, it can play the role of a safe and stable automatic device. The invention not only increases the flexibility of dispatching, but also can reduce the complexity of power grid operation and improve the reliability of power grid operation, which is of great significance for the engineering practice of UPFC.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为UPFC的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of UPFC.
图2为某实际电网的简化结构示意图。Figure 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of an actual power grid.
图3为UPFC断面潮流控制策略的控制原理示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the power flow control strategy for the UPFC section.
图4为UPFC线路功率越限控制模块的控制原理示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the UPFC line power over-limit control module.
图5为本发明UPFC系统级控制策略的控制原理示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the UPFC system-level control strategy of the present invention.
图6(a)为采用本发明UPFC系统级控制策略后HF双回线发生N-1故障时断面1的功率变化曲线示意图。Fig. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the power change curve of section 1 when N-1 fault occurs on the HF double circuit line after adopting the UPFC system-level control strategy of the present invention.
图6(b)为采用本发明UPFC系统级控制策略后HF双回线发生N-1故障时HF双回线的功率变化曲线示意图。Fig. 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the power change curve of the HF double-circuit line when N-1 fault occurs on the HF double-circuit line after adopting the UPFC system-level control strategy of the present invention.
图7(a)为采用本发明UPFC系统级控制策略后断面1发生N-1故障时断面1的功率变化曲线示意图。Fig. 7(a) is a schematic diagram of the power change curve of section 1 when an N-1 fault occurs on section 1 after adopting the UPFC system-level control strategy of the present invention.
图7(b)为采用本发明UPFC系统级控制策略后断面1发生N-1故障时HF双回线的功率变化曲线示意图。Fig. 7(b) is a schematic diagram of the power change curve of the HF double circuit line when an N-1 fault occurs on section 1 after adopting the UPFC system-level control strategy of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了更为具体地描述本发明,下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。In order to describe the present invention more specifically, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
图2为某实际电网的简化结构,区域内负荷主要通过断面1和断面2供电,两个断面潮流分布不均匀,经常遭遇输电瓶颈。断面1输送功率约为600MW,断面2中HF双回线输送功率约为780MW,两个输电断面均不满足N-1校核。即:BD或BC双回线中任意一回线因故障退出运行后,非故障线路功率将超过其功率限值;HF双回线中任意一回线因故障退出运行后,非故障线路功率将超过其功率限值。受UPFC系统工程占地的限制,无法加装在BC、BD线路对断面1功率进行直接控制。经过工程选址分析,选择在AB线路上加装UPFC装置对断面1功率进行控制,具体控制方法包括:Figure 2 shows the simplified structure of an actual power grid. The load in the area is mainly supplied by Section 1 and Section 2. The power flow distribution of the two sections is uneven and often encounters transmission bottlenecks. The transmission power of section 1 is about 600MW, and the transmission power of the HF double circuit line in section 2 is about 780MW. Both transmission sections do not meet the N-1 check. That is: after any one of the BD or BC double-circuit lines is out of operation due to a fault, the power of the non-faulty line will exceed its power limit; after any one of the HF double-circuit lines is out of operation due to a fault, the power of the non-faulty line will exceeds its power limit. Due to the limitation of the occupied area of the UPFC system project, it is impossible to directly control the power of section 1 by installing it on the BC and BD lines. After analyzing the site selection of the project, it is selected to install UPFC device on the AB line to control the power of section 1. The specific control methods include:
(1)断面潮流控制策略。(1) Cross-section power flow control strategy.
UPFC系统级控制策略首先应保证UPFC能实现其潮流控制的需求。因此,电网正常运行状态下,UPFC首先应该能实现其断面潮流功能,即将断面1的输送功率控制在设定值。UPFC断面潮流控制策略如图3所示。The UPFC system-level control strategy should first ensure that UPFC can realize its power flow control requirements. Therefore, under the normal operation state of the power grid, UPFC should be able to realize its section power flow function first, that is, to control the transmission power of section 1 at the set value. The power flow control strategy of UPFC section is shown in Fig. 3.
图3中,Pset和Pa分别为断面1输送功率的设定值和实际值;dP1为断面功率控制模块输出,赋给信号A;PL为AB线路输送功率;Pmax和Pmin分别为AB线路允许运行功率的上限和下限;Pref和Qref分别为AB线路功率的控制目标值,即为UPFC有功和无功指令值;其中,δ为功率因数。In Fig. 3, P set and P a are the set value and actual value of the transmission power of section 1 respectively; dP1 is the output of the power control module of the section, which is assigned to signal A; P L is the transmission power of AB line; P max and P min are respectively is the upper limit and lower limit of the allowable operating power of the AB line; P ref and Q ref are the control target values of the AB line power, that is, the UPFC active and reactive command values; among them, δ is the power factor.
电网正常运行状态下,所制定的潮流控制策略可以满足UPFC潮流控制需求,使断面1潮流被控制在设定值,此时断面2可以满足N-1校核。然而,仅仅使用线路断面潮流控制策略作为UPFC系统级控制策略,在因故障或工况改变而引起断面1上线路功率越限时,需要调度员远程改变断面功率的设定值;同时,在不同运行工况下,调度员给出的设定值无法保证能将线路功率控制在其功率限值以下,这大大增加了电网运行的复杂度,也会降低电网运行的可靠性。Under the normal operation state of the power grid, the power flow control strategy formulated can meet the demand of UPFC power flow control, so that the power flow of section 1 is controlled at the set value, and section 2 can meet the N-1 check at this time. However, only using the line section power flow control strategy as the UPFC system-level control strategy requires the dispatcher to remotely change the set value of the section power when the line power on section 1 exceeds the limit due to faults or changes in operating conditions; Under working conditions, the set value given by the dispatcher cannot guarantee that the line power can be controlled below its power limit, which greatly increases the complexity of grid operation and also reduces the reliability of grid operation.
(2)线路功率越限控制策略。(2) Line power over-limit control strategy.
为降低电网运行的复杂程度,提高电网运行的可靠性,在因故障或工况改变而引起断面1上线路功率越限时UPFC系统级控制策略应能够自动生成满足电网安全稳定运行要求的UPFC指令值。因此,在断面潮流控制策略的基础上增加了如图4所示的线路功率越限控制模块,具体控制过程如下:In order to reduce the complexity of power grid operation and improve the reliability of power grid operation, the UPFC system-level control strategy should be able to automatically generate UPFC command values that meet the requirements for safe and stable operation of the power grid when the line power on section 1 exceeds the limit due to faults or changes in working conditions . Therefore, on the basis of the section power flow control strategy, a line power over-limit control module as shown in Figure 4 is added. The specific control process is as follows:
2.1监控断面1上输电线路的实际功率,计算各个被监控线路的功率限值与实际值之间的功率偏差,作为各个被监控线路安全运行的裕度指标,将各个被监控线路安全运行裕度指标的最小值赋给信号B;2.1 Monitor the actual power of the transmission line on section 1, calculate the power deviation between the power limit value and the actual value of each monitored line, and use it as a margin index for the safe operation of each monitored line, and calculate the safe operation margin of each monitored line The minimum value of the indicator is assigned to signal B;
2.2信号A和信号B作为触发模块的输入,共同生成线路功率越限控制模块PI控制器的输入选择信号Ctrl。其控制逻辑如下:①系统正常运行状态下,被监控线路功率均低于其功率限值,即B>0,此时Ctrl=0,PI控制器的输入信号为0;②当系统发生N-1故障或因工况改变导致任意一条被监控线路过载时,即B<0,此时Ctrl=1,PI控制器的输入信号变为能够反映线路越限情况的功率偏差信号;③当被控断面潮流超过其设定值同时被监控线路功率均低于其功率限值,即A<0且B>0,此时CTRL=0,PI控制器的输入信号重新变为0,同时PI控制器的积分器清零。为防止触发模块频繁动作,②和③中Ctrl信号的触发和返回均经过一定的时延,在设定的时延中持续满足控制逻辑才会导致Ctrl信号的触发或返回。2.2 Signal A and signal B are used as the input of the trigger module to jointly generate the input selection signal Ctrl of the PI controller of the line power over-limit control module. Its control logic is as follows: ①In the normal operation state of the system, the power of the monitored line is lower than its power limit, that is, B>0, at this time Ctrl=0, the input signal of the PI controller is 0; ②When the system occurs N- 1 When a fault or any one of the monitored lines is overloaded due to a change in working conditions, that is, B<0, at this time Ctrl=1, the input signal of the PI controller becomes a power deviation signal that can reflect the line over-limit situation; ③ When the controlled The cross-section power flow exceeds its set value and the power of the monitored line is lower than its power limit, that is, A<0 and B>0. At this time, CTRL=0, the input signal of the PI controller becomes 0 again, and the PI controller The integrator is cleared. In order to prevent frequent actions of the trigger module, the triggering and returning of the Ctrl signal in ② and ③ have a certain time delay. Only when the control logic is continuously satisfied during the set time delay will the triggering or returning of the Ctrl signal be caused.
2.3为保证被监控线路运行功率距离其功率限值还有一定裕度,在PI控制器输入环节加入Pm信号作为线路功率越限控制模块的控制裕度;PI控制器的输出即为线路功率越限控制模块的输出dP2。2.3 In order to ensure that the operating power of the monitored line has a certain margin from its power limit, the P m signal is added to the input link of the PI controller as the control margin of the line power over-limit control module; the output of the PI controller is the line power The output dP2 of the limit control module.
图4中,Plimt1和Plimit2分别为BC、BD线路功率限值;Pline1和Pline2分别为BC、BD线路实际功率。In Fig. 4, P limit1 and P limit2 are the power limits of BC and BD lines respectively; P line1 and P line2 are actual powers of BC and BD lines respectively.
(3)UPFC系统级控制策略。(3) UPFC system level control strategy.
综合上面提出的断面潮流控制策略和线路功率越限控制策略。本实施方式提出了一套既满足系统潮流控制需求同时具有线路功率越限控制能力的UPFC系统级控制策略,具体如图5所示:Synthesize the section power flow control strategy and the line power over-limit control strategy proposed above. This implementation mode proposes a set of UPFC system-level control strategies that not only meet the system power flow control requirements but also have the ability to control line power over-limits, as shown in Figure 5:
3.1系统正常运行状态下,如果监测的线路一直未过载,线路功率越限控制模块输出为0,UPFC控制目标由断面功率控制模块产生,保证断面实际功率达到设定值。3.1 In the normal operation state of the system, if the monitored line has not been overloaded, the output of the line power limit control module is 0, and the UPFC control target is generated by the section power control module to ensure that the actual power of the section reaches the set value.
3.2当监测到某条线过载后,线路功率越限控制模块输出能够反映线路越限情况的功率偏差信号。UPFC装置的控制指令值由断面功率控制模块和线路功率越限控制模块共同产生。在线路功率越限控制模块PI控制器的作用下,功率偏差信号dP2将起主导作用。此时,UPFC系统级控制策略生成的控制指令值将优先保证被监测线路的功率低于其功率限值。3.2 When a certain line is detected to be overloaded, the line power over-limit control module outputs a power deviation signal that can reflect the line over-limit situation. The control instruction value of the UPFC device is jointly generated by the section power control module and the line power over-limit control module. Under the action of the PI controller of the line power over-limit control module, the power deviation signal dP2 will play a leading role. At this time, the control instruction value generated by the UPFC system-level control strategy will give priority to ensuring that the power of the monitored line is lower than its power limit.
3.3系统控制策略中断面功率设定值由调度员远方给出,如断面功率还未达到设定值时,出现监测的线路过载,则以监测线路不过载为优先控制目标,既可以增加调度的灵活性,又不会危害电网运行的可靠性。当UPFC安装线路过载时,优先控制UPFC安装线路功率不超过其功率限值。3.3 System control strategy The setting value of the section power is given remotely by the dispatcher. If the section power has not reached the set value and the monitored line is overloaded, the priority control target is to monitor the line without overloading, which can increase the dispatching time. flexibility without compromising the reliability of grid operation. When the UPFC installation line is overloaded, the power of the UPFC installation line is preferentially controlled not to exceed its power limit.
本实施方式所制定的系统级控制策略中断面1的输电功率设定值Pset为750MW,将HF双回线潮流转移到断面1,保证HF双回线满足N-1校核。BC、BD线路功率限值Plimt1和Plimit2均为45MW;线路功率越限控制模块的控制裕度Pm为2MW;AB线路允许运行功率的上限和下限Pmax和Pmin分别为45MW和-45MW;线路功率越限控制模块PI控制器的输入选择信号Ctrl初始值为0,其触发和返回的延时为0.5s;AB线路功率的设定功率因数为0.98。线路功率越限控制模块PI控制器中比例放大器与积分器的增益分别为0.4和1.0。The transmission power setting value P set of section 1 of the system-level control strategy formulated in this embodiment is 750MW, and the power flow of the HF double-circuit line is transferred to section 1 to ensure that the HF double-circuit line meets the N-1 check. The power limits P limit1 and P limit2 of the BC and BD lines are both 45MW; the control margin P m of the line power overrun control module is 2MW; the upper and lower limits P max and P min of the allowable operating power of the AB line are 45MW and - 45MW; the initial value of the input selection signal Ctrl of the PI controller of the line power over-limit control module is 0, and the trigger and return delay is 0.5s; the set power factor of the AB line power is 0.98. The gains of the proportional amplifier and the integrator in the PI controller of the line power over-limit control module are 0.4 and 1.0, respectively.
在本实施方式所制定的系统级控制策略下,HF双回线发生N-1故障时断面1以及HF双回线的功率变化曲线如图6所示。当HF双回线中的1回线发生三相接地故障时,为保证UPFC装置安全,变压器旁路开关导通将串联侧换流器旁路,在故障切除后,为保证UPFC装置安全,经过设定时间(1s)后UPFC重新投入运行。仿真过程如下:2s时UPFC系统级控制策略投入;5s时HF回线路发生三相接地故障,UPFC退出运行;5.1s时HF1回线路断开,故障切除;6.1s时UPFC将重新投入。Under the system-level control strategy formulated in this embodiment, the power variation curves of Section 1 and the HF double-circuit line when an N-1 fault occurs on the HF double-circuit line are shown in FIG. 6 . When a three-phase ground fault occurs in one of the HF double-circuit lines, in order to ensure the safety of the UPFC device, the transformer bypass switch is turned on to bypass the series-side converter. After the fault is removed, in order to ensure the safety of the UPFC device, After the set time (1s), the UPFC is put into operation again. The simulation process is as follows: the UPFC system-level control strategy is put into use at 2s; a three-phase ground fault occurs in the HF circuit at 5s, and the UPFC is out of operation; the HF1 circuit is disconnected at 5.1s, and the fault is removed;
在本实施方式所制定的系统级控制策略下,断面1发生N-1故障时断面1以及HF双回线的功率变化曲线如图7所示。仿真过程如下:2s时UPFC系统级控制策略投入;5s时BD线路发生三相接地故障,UPFC退出运行;5.1s时BD线路断开,故障切除;6.1s时UPFC将重新投入。Under the system-level control strategy formulated in this embodiment, when an N-1 fault occurs on section 1, the power change curves of section 1 and the HF double circuit line are shown in Figure 7 . The simulation process is as follows: UPFC system-level control strategy is put into use at 2s; a three-phase ground fault occurs on the BD line at 5s, and the UPFC exits operation; at 5.1s, the BD line is disconnected and the fault is removed; UPFC will be re-enabled at 6.1s.
从图6和图7中可以看出,在电网正常运行状态下,本实施方式所制定的系统级控制策略能够迅速将断面1的实际功率控制到断面功率设定值(750MW);当HF双回线发生N-1故障时,将断面1功率控制在750MW可以保证HF双回线满足N-1校核;当断面1发生N-1故障导致非故障线路过载时,所制定的系统级控制策略能够自动产生新的UPFC指令值,在优先保证非故障线路不过载的前提下尽可能的满足断面潮流控制的要求。It can be seen from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 that in the normal operation state of the power grid, the system-level control strategy formulated in this embodiment can quickly control the actual power of section 1 to the set value of section power (750MW); When an N-1 fault occurs on the circuit line, controlling the power of section 1 to 750MW can ensure that the HF double circuit line meets the N-1 check; The strategy can automatically generate new UPFC command values to meet the requirements of section power flow control as much as possible on the premise of ensuring that non-fault lines are not overloaded.
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于本技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对上述实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,对于本发明做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments, and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative efforts. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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CN108306300B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-09-01 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for determining capacity of unified power flow controller on main network section |
CN111276991A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-12 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Power transfer device between circuit suitable for multiunit multi-circuit line |
CN111884228A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | UPFC control strategy considering regional renewable energy consumption |
EP4572072A1 (en) * | 2023-12-15 | 2025-06-18 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy, Ltd. | Power system and control method of power system |
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