CN105549545A - Control algorithm based on constant-linear speed grinding of edge grinding machine - Google Patents

Control algorithm based on constant-linear speed grinding of edge grinding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105549545A
CN105549545A CN201610091714.7A CN201610091714A CN105549545A CN 105549545 A CN105549545 A CN 105549545A CN 201610091714 A CN201610091714 A CN 201610091714A CN 105549545 A CN105549545 A CN 105549545A
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grinding
emery wheel
constant
curve
speed
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CN105549545B (en
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王平江
钟治魁
张顺林
李世其
陈达伟
苏德瑜
郭磊
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Quanzhou Huazhong University Of Science And Technology Institute Of Manufacturing
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/416Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration
    • G05B19/4163Adaptive control of feed or cutting velocity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B11/00Automatic controllers
    • G05B11/01Automatic controllers electric
    • G05B11/36Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
    • G05B11/42Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/19Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/43Speed, acceleration, deceleration control ADC
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45145Milling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control algorithm based on constant-linear speed grinding of an edge grinding machine. Firstly, track planning is conducted on the outer contour of a tableware plate, an outer contour curve is dispersed, and discrete point coordinate data are acquired; then, the grinding wheel feed speed Vx of each discrete point and the rotation tangential speed Vy of each discrete point are calculated, a program in a machine code G is written according to the grinding wheel feed speeds and the rotation tangential speeds, and through PID adjustment and control, constant-linear speed and constant-moment grinding is achieved. The PID algorithm is adopted to guarantee that a grinding wheel grinds the edge in a constant-moment mode. According to the control algorithm, outer contour calculation of the tableware plate is conducted, the code G is generated and used for controlling a feed shaft of the grinding wheel and a rotation shaft of the tableware plate to achieve two-shaft linkage, and constant-linear speed edge grinding is guaranteed. The control algorithm has the advantages that high adaptivity, high grinding precision and dynamic response are achieved and can be suitable for complex contour edges, and the grinding effect is good.

Description

A kind of control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of automatic control, be specially a kind of control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity.
Background technology
Current edge polisher is mainly divided into two classes: hand edge-grinder and automatic edging machine.Traditional automatic edging machine, also claim profile tracer machine, it controls to be ground shape of product by pattern, utilizes product Template Location.But a kind of plate-rack of the every grinding of this edge polisher, just need to make a kind of template to locate, production cost is high, and efficiency is low.Along with developing rapidly of the industrial economy such as rubber, plastics, the range of application of edge polisher expands further, starts the edging technique being applied to plastic tableware dish, is constantly applicable to the processing of difformity, specification plate-rack.Along with plate-rack shape becomes increasingly complex, from circular discs to square plate, more and more high requirement is proposed to edge polisher grinding, in order to ensure that plate-rack edge is removed uniformly, emery wheel carries out constant linear velocity along plate-rack edge, constant moment of force is followed is the key of present stage.
In existing practical application, adopt the servo driving with torque mode, the constant moment of force that can be realized emery wheel by parameter configuration is followed, and the program has good effect for general circle, oval plate-rack.But comparatively large for length breadth ratio or that wedge angle is more plate-rack, is difficult to realize around the corner following the tracks of fast, timely, thus cause edging not evenly or mill less than, therefore the program is difficult to the edging requirement meeting complicated and diversified heterotype edge plate-rack.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity, to solve the problem proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: build edge polisher motion mathematical model, set up moving coordinate system x0y, (x direction is the speed of feed direction of emery wheel, and y direction is disc spins tangential velocity, and true origin is turntable rotation center);
Step 2: according to the outline curve of plate-rack, derive contour curve DXF file, file reading discretize curve, obtains n discrete point, and export each point coordinate figure ( , ) ( ), wherein ( , ) and ( , ) be any two points in Curve Machining process, its phasing degree is respectively , , by curve any two points ( , ) and ( , ) carry out coordinate conversion, be converted to 2 points under x0y coordinate system ( , ) and ( , );
Formula of Coordinate System Transformation:
In formula, alpha-beta is 2 phase angle differences;
Step 3: the emery wheel speed of feed calculating each discrete point of contour curve , rotating disk tangential velocity .By grinding speed resolve into emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity , for with angle, outline curve discrete point is more intensive, be approximately equal to the slope of 2 lines;
Step 4: write G code program according to discrete point coordinate data and speed;
Step 5: gather emery wheel feed motor current with emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current , within n cycle, gather n current value with ( ), take stacked manner store electricity flow valuve, namely by the access rule of " one-in-and-one-out ";
Step 6: carry out filtering process to the emery wheel feed motor current gathered and emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current, adopts arithmetic mean method, obtains filtered electric current , , each cycle refreshes once, calculates electric current with value;
Step 7: given weight , calculating current value .According to PID discrete expression, and in conjunction with antisaturation integration and change Integral Thought, write pid control algorithm;
PID discrete point form:
In formula , with be respectively scale-up factor, integral coefficient and differential coefficient.
Step 8: given steady current , regulated by PID result as plate-rack clamping error compensation, Correction and Control emery wheel feed shaft G code, guarantees emery wheel grinding under constant moment;
Step 9: according to G code program, controls emery wheel feed shaft by digital control system and tableware turning axle runs, and by pid control algorithm real-Time Compensation, revises G code program, ensures that emery wheel is followed along plate-rack outline constant linear velocity, constant moment of force.
Preferably, the described control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity, for obtaining plate-rack contour curve grinding speed, by curve discretization, calculates Grinding Contact point emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity .
Preferably, the described control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity, adopts the weight relationship of emery wheel feed shaft and turning axle electric current to carry out PID regulating and controlling, improves the stability of system motion.
Preferably, the described control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity, under being controlled by the calculating of plate-rack contour curve, the G code generated and PID, realizes abrasive wheel constant linear speed, constant moment of force edging.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: trajectory planning should be carried out based on the control algolithm of edge polisher constant linear velocity grinding to dish outline, discrete outline curve, obtain discrete point coordinate data, emery wheel speed of feed and this point of calculating each discrete point rotate tangential velocity, write G code program and in conjunction with PID regulable control, realize constant linear velocity grinding.It is characterized in that: compared with prior art, all have employed pid algorithm and ensure emery wheel constant moment of force edging, this invention is calculated by plate-rack outline, generate G code, realizes two-axle interlocking, ensure that constant linear velocity edging by G code control emery wheel feed shaft and plate-rack turning axle.Adopt discretize outline curve, calculate each discrete point rotating disk tangential velocity and speed of feed, realized the interlock of diaxon by the G code calculating generation, emery wheel is followed with constant linear velocity in grinding process, and realizes feed shaft constant moment of force edging in conjunction with the clamping error compensation of pid algorithm.This method goes for complex-shaped contour curve, has stronger versatility and adaptivity, and control by permanent velocity algorithm, in conjunction with PID regulable control, makes it have the advantages such as grinding accuracy is high, dynamic response is fast.And if dish outline curve discrete point is more intensive, more close to actual profile curve, processing effect is better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that outline curve of the present invention rotates schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is moving coordinate system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1-2, the invention provides a kind of technical scheme: a kind of control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: build edge polisher motion mathematical model, set up moving coordinate system x0y, (x direction is the speed of feed direction of emery wheel, and y direction is disc spins tangential velocity, and true origin is turntable rotation center);
Step 2: according to the outline curve of plate-rack, derive contour curve DXF file, file reading discretize curve, obtains n discrete point, and export each point coordinate figure ( , ) ( ), wherein ( , ) and ( , ) be any two points in Curve Machining process, its phasing degree is respectively , , by curve any two points ( , ) and ( , ) carry out coordinate conversion, be converted to 2 points under x0y coordinate system ( , ) and ( , );
Formula of Coordinate System Transformation:
In formula, alpha-beta is 2 phase angle differences;
Step 3: the emery wheel speed of feed calculating each discrete point of contour curve , rotating disk tangential velocity .By grinding speed resolve into emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity , for with angle, outline curve discrete point is more intensive, be approximately equal to the slope of 2 lines;
Step 4: write G code program according to discrete point coordinate data and speed;
Step 5: gather emery wheel feed motor current with emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current , within n cycle, gather n current value with ( ), take stacked manner store electricity flow valuve, namely by the access rule of " one-in-and-one-out ";
Step 6: carry out filtering process to the emery wheel feed motor current gathered and emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current, adopts arithmetic mean method, obtains filtered electric current , , each cycle refreshes once, calculates electric current with value;
Step 7: given weight , calculating current value .According to PID discrete expression, and in conjunction with antisaturation integration and change Integral Thought, write pid control algorithm;
PID discrete point form:
In formula , with be respectively scale-up factor, integral coefficient and differential coefficient.
Step 8: given steady current , regulated by PID result as plate-rack clamping error compensation, Correction and Control emery wheel feed shaft G code, guarantees emery wheel grinding under constant moment;
Step 9: according to G code program, controls emery wheel feed shaft by digital control system and tableware turning axle runs, and by pid control algorithm real-Time Compensation, revises G code program, ensures that emery wheel is followed along plate-rack outline constant linear velocity, constant moment of force.
Embodiment 2:
The control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to embodiment 1, for obtaining plate-rack contour curve grinding speed, by curve discretization, calculates Grinding Contact point emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity .
Embodiment 3:
The control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to embodiment 1 or 2, adopts the weight relationship of emery wheel feed shaft and turning axle electric current to carry out PID regulating and controlling, improves the stability of system motion.
Embodiment 4:
The control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3, under being controlled by the calculating of plate-rack contour curve, the G code generated and PID, realizes abrasive wheel constant linear speed, constant moment of force edging.
Embodiment 5:
The control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4,
Step 1: build edge polisher motion mathematical model, set up the speed of feed direction that coordinate system x0y(x direction is emery wheel, y direction is disc spins tangential velocity, and true origin is turntable rotation center).
Step 2: the outline curve drawing plate-rack, and the Drawing Interchange File DXF deriving contour curve, and by contour curve DXF file import system, calibration curve information in file reading, carry out curve discretization, obtain n discrete point, and export each point coordinate figure ( , ) ( ), heavy line represents plate-rack outline curve, ( , ), ( , ) be any two points in Curve Machining process, its phasing degree is α, β respectively, as shown in Figure 1.
Step 3: by curve any two points ( , ) and ( , ) carry out coordinate conversion, be converted to 2 points under x0y coordinate system ( , ) and ( , ).
Formula of Coordinate System Transformation:
In formula, alpha-beta is 2 phase angle differences.
Step 4: grinding speed resolve into emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity , for with angle.Outline curve discrete point is more intensive, be approximately equal to the slope of 2 lines, calculate θ value.
Step 5: the emery wheel speed of feed calculating each discrete point of contour curve , rotating disk tangential velocity , ensure that its aggregate velocity is definite value .
Each coordinate data of outline curve discrete point and the wheel traverse speed of each discrete point can be obtained by above-mentioned steps with rotating disk tangential velocity , write G code program accordingly.
Step 6: gather emery wheel feed motor current with emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current , within n cycle, gather n current value with ( ), take stacked manner store electricity flow valuve, namely by the access rule of " one-in-and-one-out ".
Step 7: carry out filtering process to the emery wheel feed motor current gathered and emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current, adopts arithmetic mean method, obtains filtered electric current , , each cycle refreshes once, calculates electric current with value.
Step 8: given weight , calculating current value .
Step 9: according to PID discrete expression, and in conjunction with antisaturation integration and change Integral Thought, write pid control algorithm.
PID discrete point form:
In formula , with be respectively scale-up factor, integral coefficient and differential coefficient.
Step 10: given steady current , regulated by PID result as plate-rack clamping error compensation, Correction and Control emery wheel feed shaft G code, guarantees emery wheel grinding under constant moment.
Step 11: according to G code program, controls emery wheel feed shaft by digital control system and tableware turning axle runs, and by pid control algorithm real-Time Compensation, revises G code program, ensures that emery wheel is followed along plate-rack outline constant linear velocity, constant moment of force.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that and can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. based on a control algolithm for edge polisher constant linear velocity grinding, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: build edge polisher motion mathematical model, set up moving coordinate system x0y, (x direction is the speed of feed direction of emery wheel, and y direction is disc spins tangential velocity, and true origin is turntable rotation center);
Step 2: according to the outline curve of plate-rack, derive contour curve DXF file, file reading discretize curve, obtains n discrete point, and export each point coordinate figure ( , ) ( ), wherein ( , ) and ( , ) be any two points in Curve Machining process, its phasing degree is respectively , , by curve any two points ( , ) and ( , ) carry out coordinate conversion, be converted to 2 points under x0y coordinate system ( , ) and ( , );
Formula of Coordinate System Transformation:
In formula, alpha-beta is 2 phase angle differences;
Step 3: the emery wheel speed of feed calculating each discrete point of contour curve , rotating disk tangential velocity , by grinding speed resolve into emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity , for with angle, outline curve discrete point is more intensive, be approximately equal to the slope of 2 lines;
Step 4: write G code program according to discrete point coordinate data and speed;
Step 5: gather emery wheel feed motor current with emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current , within n cycle, gather n current value with ( ), take stacked manner store electricity flow valuve, namely by the access rule of " one-in-and-one-out ";
Step 6: carry out filtering process to the emery wheel feed motor current gathered and emery wheel electric rotating machine electric current, adopts arithmetic mean method, obtains filtered electric current , , each cycle refreshes once, calculates electric current with value;
Step 7: given weight , calculating current value ;
According to PID discrete expression, and in conjunction with antisaturation integration and change Integral Thought, write pid control algorithm;
PID discrete point form:
In formula , with be respectively scale-up factor, integral coefficient and differential coefficient;
Step 8: given steady current , regulated by PID result as plate-rack clamping error compensation, Correction and Control emery wheel feed shaft G code, guarantees emery wheel grinding under constant moment;
Step 9: according to G code program, controls emery wheel feed shaft by digital control system and tableware turning axle runs, and by pid control algorithm real-Time Compensation, revises G code program, ensures that emery wheel is followed along plate-rack outline constant linear velocity, constant moment of force.
2. the control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: for obtaining plate-rack contour curve grinding speed, by curve discretization, calculates Grinding Contact point emery wheel speed of feed with rotating disk tangential velocity .
3. the control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt the weight relationship of emery wheel feed shaft and turning axle electric current to carry out PID regulating and controlling, improve the stability of system motion.
4. the control algolithm based on the grinding of edge polisher constant linear velocity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: under being controlled by the calculating of plate-rack contour curve, the G code generated and PID, realize abrasive wheel constant linear speed, constant moment of force edging.
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CN106737196A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-31 广东博科数控机械有限公司 A kind of constant pressure constant linear velocity polishing method of robot polishing machine
CN106881768A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-06-23 泉州华中科技大学智能制造研究院 A kind of method that saw blade processes concave arc on stone material
CN107866705A (en) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-03 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 The method for grinding of roll uniformly linear
CN108098515A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-06-01 科德数控股份有限公司 A kind of method using a variety of forming grinding wheel processing drill groove profiles
CN110421406A (en) * 2019-07-14 2019-11-08 深圳市烨嘉为技术有限公司 Cutter dynamic self-adapting compensation method based on centering error control
CN112264842A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-26 福州大学 Constant linear velocity grinding method based on polar coordinate glass edge grinding machine
CN113199491A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-03 广西大学 Industrial robot constant-force polishing method

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US20020034927A1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-21 Z. Bavelloni S.P.A. Edge grinding unit for edge working machines
CN101954479A (en) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-26 中铝国际技术发展有限公司 Control system and control method of ladle cleaning machine set
CN103128642A (en) * 2011-11-29 2013-06-05 广州市珠峰电气有限公司 Tile polishing machine and dedicated automatic-control electricity saving system
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107866705A (en) * 2016-09-27 2018-04-03 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 The method for grinding of roll uniformly linear
CN106737196A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-31 广东博科数控机械有限公司 A kind of constant pressure constant linear velocity polishing method of robot polishing machine
CN106881768A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-06-23 泉州华中科技大学智能制造研究院 A kind of method that saw blade processes concave arc on stone material
CN106881768B (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-11-09 泉州华中科技大学智能制造研究院 A kind of method that saw blade processes concave arc on stone material
CN108098515A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-06-01 科德数控股份有限公司 A kind of method using a variety of forming grinding wheel processing drill groove profiles
CN110421406A (en) * 2019-07-14 2019-11-08 深圳市烨嘉为技术有限公司 Cutter dynamic self-adapting compensation method based on centering error control
CN110421406B (en) * 2019-07-14 2021-04-20 深圳市烨嘉为技术有限公司 Dynamic self-adaptive compensation method for cutter based on eccentric difference control
CN112264842A (en) * 2020-10-28 2021-01-26 福州大学 Constant linear velocity grinding method based on polar coordinate glass edge grinding machine
CN112264842B (en) * 2020-10-28 2022-03-11 福州大学 Constant linear velocity grinding method based on polar coordinate glass edge grinding machine
CN113199491A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-03 广西大学 Industrial robot constant-force polishing method

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