CN105549116B - A kind of method and device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography - Google Patents
A kind of method and device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method and device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, and this method includes：The survey data on stratum is obtained, according to survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is recovered, recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure, wherein, survey data comprises at least：Appear data, well data and geological data；According to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, determine the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase；According to the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out spacial migration；According to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovering according to regional background construction；According to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, according to the Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after the more phase tectonisms of lithofacies paleogeographic map generation after recovery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is on carbonate rock lithofacies palaeogeography investigative technique, specifically rebuilding the ancient ground of petrofacies on one kind
The method and device of reason.
Background technology
At present, lithofacies paleogeography have become rebuild earth history period Land-sea Distributions, tectonic setting, basin configuration with
And the important means of sedimentary evolution, it is the achievement in research to depositional environment and deposit filling stratum high integrity, in oil, naturally
In the prediction and exploration of gas and other various deposition mineral products, all play an important role.Lithofacies palaeogeography research work exists
China mainly experienced three phases：1. the first stage is the small scale based on paleontology or the establishment of architectonics viewpoint
Lithofacies palaeogeography compilation work, this stage mainly by the understanding to extinct plants and animal living environment and tectonic setting, with reference to
The thick framework lithofacies paleogeographic map of lithological sequence establishment.This drawing method reflection is area deposition environment, is not enough to instruct
The prediction of the resource exploration favorable facies belt such as oil, natural gas；2. second stage is the quantification petrofacies advocated with professor Feng Zengzhao
Ancient geoaraply drawing method is made picture the stage for the medium scale lithofacies palaeogeography of representative, and quantification turns into the weight of lithofacies palaeogeography research
Want trend.It is that single factor analysis that Feng Zengzhao professors (1986) propose integrates mapping in this stage most representational achievement
Method.The core of this method is to reflecting that all kinds of single key elements of Sedimentary environment respectively into figure, and are mutually authenticated, go puppet to deposit
Very, analysis comprehensively, comprehensive descision, quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography drawing method is formed.This method rely primarily on appear, the point such as drilling well
Upper information carries out isopleth compilation, has outstanding meaning to the compilation of big region lithofacies palaeogeography, but for fine petroleum resources
Precision needed for exploration is still weak.3. the phase III be sequence stratigraphy and tectonics with lithofacies paleogeography respectively in connection with,
The former forms sequence-lithofacies paleogeography, and the latter forms Tectonic-lithofacies Palaeogeography.Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography is with sedimentary
Sequence is basic chronological change screen work unit, and isochronism and wink are had more using systems tract as compilation unit, this drawing method
Shi Xing.Construction, sequence and lithofacies palaeogeography are further combined by Tectonic-lithofacies Palaeogeography, to establish tectonic sedimentary origin cause of formation connection
It is leading to be, carries out the reconstruction of lithofacies palaeogeography.The progress of Tectonic-lithofacies Palaeogeography and sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography is right
There is important facilitation in lithofacies palaeogeography compilation.But still suffer from some problems：Tectonic-lithofacies Palaeogeography is mainly emphasized
Structural belt and basin joint study, recover the change of the basin mountain screen work caused by the plate activity emphatically caused by orogenic belt occur
Strata sequence is chaotic, lack, degrade and fault activities caused by source area change.Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography application layer
Sequence stratigraphy method, vertical upper and the laterally upper cycle of sedimentation the change of Comprehensive Correlation and controlled key element, and then carry out with system tract
For the compilation of unit.Recovery and big regional structure ancient geoaraply compilation essence of the both approaches for Tectonic activity region lithofacies palaeogeography
The raising of degree all improves with very important, but still suffers from following problem：The former highlights regional structure and made
The control action of mountain belts behaviour area, but do not studied for effect of the sedimentary basin with respect to stable region；The sequence dividing master of the latter
Stratum deformation caused by tectonic activity and position are have ignored according to drilling well, the case study appeared and across comparison as foundation
The change of the characteristic such as locus caused by shifting and formation thickness, is especially in the presence of the soft stratums such as mud stone, shale and gypsum-salt rock
Localized clusters caused by under complicated structure environment and up and down interformational sliding, dislocation, so that upper and lower variation of lithological is
True deposition lithology is not reflected.These problems for big region lithofacies palaeogeography compilation may be only error the problem of, not
Influence the understanding of ancient geoaraply general layout.But for the resource fine granularing scalability such as oil gas, its precision can not meet for surveying
Visit the favorable facies belt with directive function and the prediction of Favorable Reservoir development belt.
The content of the invention
The main purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, existing to overcome
There is above mentioned problem present in technology, so as to improve the accuracy of analysis of ancient geoaraply petrofacies.
To achieve these goals, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, described method
Including：The survey data on stratum is obtained, according to the survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is recovered, recovers warp
The formation thickness that transformation is degraded in exposure is crossed, wherein, the survey data comprises at least：Appear data, well data and earthquake number
According to；According to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, determine that each sedimentation phase stratum is true
Distribution Characteristics；According to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing are entered
Row spacial migration；According to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovering according to regional background construction；
According to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, more phase constructions are generated according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map after the recovery and become
The Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after dynamic.
In one embodiment, according to the survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is recovered, is recovered by sudden and violent
Dew degrades the formation thickness of transformation, including：Using the paleontological fossil band for constructing relative stable region stratum as standard, stratum is determined
Construction distribution, it is construction relative stable region and structural complex there will be the out of order STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION of lacuna, dislocation；For institute
The stratum of the relative stable region of construction is stated, carries out Strata Comparison with reference to seismic constraint, and denudation area thickness is determined using formation tendency method
Degree；For the broken formation in the structural complex, the closest formation thickness for constructing relative stable region is contrasted, when
When formation thickness is unanimously and deposition lithology does not change, made with the formation thickness of the relative stable region of the closest construction
For the formation thickness of the broken formation.
In one embodiment, according to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, it is determined that respectively
The true Distribution Characteristics in sedimentation phase stratum, including：Energy dryness according to the volumetric balance principle to the structural complex
Stratum carries out locus recovery, generates the spatial scope on the energy dryness stratum；According to the sky on the energy dryness stratum
Between areal extent, it is extensive that thickness is carried out to the mud stone in the plastic formation of the structural complex and shale using formation tendency method
It is multiple；For the gypsum-salt rock in the plastic formation of the structural complex, cream salt is determined according to the drilling data and data of appearing
The actual distribution position of rock stratum, the bottom boundary developed using paleostructure recovery die bed as gypsum-salt rock, is recovered by volumetric balance method
The top boundary form and thickness distribution of the gypseous-salt rock.
In one embodiment, according to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, in the drilling well and appearing
Lithology and sedimentary facies carry out spacial migration, including：According to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, various regions are determined
The computed position of the feature geologic body after the physical location of feature geologic body in layer, and playback；According to it is described characteristically
The physical location and computed position of plastid, lithology and sedimentary facies by the drilling well and in appearing carry out spacial migration.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, and described device includes：Formation thickness is extensive
Multiple unit, for obtaining the survey data on stratum, according to the survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is recovered,
Recover to pass through the formation thickness that transformation is degraded in exposure, wherein, the survey data comprises at least：Appear data, well data and
Geological data；The true Distribution Characteristics determining unit in stratum, for according to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum to be entered
Row spacial migration, determine the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase；Spacial migration unit, for being sunk according to each stratum
The product true Distribution Characteristics in phase stratum, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out spacial migration；Lithofacies paleogeographic map structure
Unit is made, for according to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovering to be constructed according to regional background；
Distribution Pattern feature generation unit, for according to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, according to the rock after the recovery
Phase paleogeographic map generates the Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after more phase tectonisms.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned formation thickness recovery unit includes：STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION module, for relatively steady to construct
The paleontological fossil band on Ding Qu stratum is standard, determines the construction distribution on stratum, there will be the stratum that lacuna, dislocation are out of order
It is divided into construction relative stable region and structural complex；Stable region denudation area thickness determining module, for for the construction phase
To the stratum of stable region, Strata Comparison is carried out with reference to seismic constraint, and denudation area thickness is determined using formation tendency method；Brokenness
Formation thickness determining module, for for the broken formation in the structural complex, it is relative to contrast closest construction
The formation thickness of stable region, when formation thickness is consistent and deposition lithology does not change, with the closest construction phase
To the formation thickness of the formation thickness of stable region as the broken formation.
In one embodiment, the true Distribution Characteristics determining unit in above-mentioned stratum includes：Can dryness stratum spatial model
Generation module is enclosed, it is extensive for carrying out locus to the energy dryness stratum of the structural complex according to the volumetric balance principle
It is multiple, generate the spatial scope on the energy dryness stratum；Mud shale caliper recovery module, for according to the energy dryness stratum
Spatial scope, thickness is carried out to the mud stone in the plastic formation of the structural complex and shale using formation tendency method
Recover；Gypsum-salt rock thickness distribution module, for the gypsum-salt rock in the plastic formation for the structural complex, according to the brill
Enter data and data of appearing determine the actual distribution position of gypseous-salt rock, the bottom that die bed develops as gypsum-salt rock is recovered using paleostructure
Border, recover the top boundary form and thickness distribution of the gypseous-salt rock by volumetric balance method.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned spacial migration unit includes：Position determination module, for being sunk according to each stratum
The product true Distribution Characteristics in phase stratum, the physical location of the feature geologic body in each stratum is determined, and described in after playback characteristically
The computed position of plastid；Spacial migration module, for the physical location and computed position according to the feature geologic body, by described in
Drilling well and lithology in appearing and sedimentary facies carry out spacial migration.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is that the present invention is to be based on " Structure Stratigraphy-sequence " three elements, with stratum
Spacial migration is core, and constructing the complicated carbonate rock lithofacies palaeogeography for research object with Superimposed Basins reconstructs, can be abundant
Using the geologic information of existing acquisition, the carbonate rock ancient geoaraply lattice for instructing oil-gas geology research are rebuild in stratigraphic unit when waiting
Office, realize that ancient geoaraply reconstructs more true and reliablely.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, embodiment will be described below
In the required accompanying drawing used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some
Embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these
Accompanying drawing obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the method for the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is determination and the tracking schematic diagram of sedimentation unit in the same time limit according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the carbonate platform sedimentary facies response characteristic schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B are the carbonate platform lithofacies palaeogeography schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the stratum based on spacial migration-lithologic character schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
The lithofacies palaeogeography comparison diagram that Fig. 6 is recovered by different restoration methods；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation according to the device of the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation according to the formation thickness recovery unit 100 of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation according to the true Distribution Characteristics determining unit 200 in stratum of the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural representation according to the spacial migration unit 300 of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method and device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography.The present invention is entered below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Row describes in detail.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, as shown in figure 1, the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography
Method mainly includes following steps：
Step S101：The survey data on stratum is obtained, according to survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is extensive
It is multiple, recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure, wherein, survey data comprises at least：Appear data, well data and ground
Shake data；
Step S102：According to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, determine each stratum
The true Distribution Characteristics in deposition phase stratum；
Step S103：According to the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase, lithology and deposition by drilling well and in appearing
Mutually carry out spacial migration；
Step S104：According to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, the petrofacies after recovering according to regional background construction are ancient
Geographical map；
Step S105：According to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, given birth to according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovery
The Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after into more phase tectonisms.
By above-mentioned step S101 to step S105, the method for the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention, utilize
Existing data, can recover sedimentary basin prototype exactly, i.e., real lithofacies palaeogeography sedimentation setting, approach objective reality
Petrofacies development background under carry out sedimentary facies recovery, compared with conventional method, can more accurately reflect true geological condition,
The study on deposition that real difference be present for this modern Gu of Marine Carbonate Rocks has contrast meaning,；Meanwhile recover original heavy
After product background, it is combined by Sedimentary facies in drilling well and the point of emergence with real space spread, more true and accurate can be worked out
Lithofacies paleogeographic map, carry out the prediction of favorable facies belt, instruct oil-gas exploration direction, this be the present invention application value embody.
Carried out in detail below in conjunction with each step of the method for reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the specific example to the embodiment of the present invention
Describe in detail bright.
Above-mentioned steps S101, the survey data on stratum is obtained, according to survey data, strata denudation and missing are carried out to stratum
Recover, recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure.Wherein, above-mentioned survey data comprises at least：Appear data, drilling well
Data and geological data etc..The key issue that this step solves is recovered by the stratum degraded, and recovers sedimentary boundaries.
Specifically combined structure movement background, with appear, the data such as drilling well and earthquake, pass through paleontological fossil, layer
Sequence stratigraphic analysis, formation tendency method carry out strata denudation and missing is recovered, and recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure, bright
True sedimentary boundaries.
First, studied with the paleontological fossil band with strict significance of times as starting point, carry out stratum in research area just
Step contrast.To construct relative stable region Study On Paleontology fossil as standard, contrasted with structural deformation area, confirm there is ground
Break loses, misplace out of order stratum, and is divided into constructing relative stable region and structural complex.
Then, based on extinct plants and animal Strata Comparison, Strata Comparison is carried out with reference to seismic constraint, and apply formation tendency method
Carry out denudation area thickness.
For constructing relative stable region, the recovery of TST (true strata thickness) can be completed by this step.
For the broken formation of structural complex, the adjacent and closest construction of broken formation around is contrasted
With respect to the formation thickness of stable region.It is that depositional environment does not change as surrounding area thickness is more consistent and deposits lithology, then
The structural complex is replaced with the formation thickness of the relative stable region of construction adjacent, closest with broken formation around
The thickness of broken formation.
In one embodiment, the subterranean formation zone studied by the method is the late Yanshan Mountain-Early Himalaya tectonic movement
In, strong compressional movement occurs, shakes joint interpretation using well, finds a large-scale thrust in this subterranean formation zone be present, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, the fracture causes the missing of shallow stratum, the repetition on middle part stratum, is slipped in deep along plastic formation, clearly
Lacuna, repetition, out of order phenomenon in this area be present.On this basis, shallow-layer denudation is recovered using formation tendency method,
As shown in Figure 3.
Above-mentioned steps S102, according to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, it is determined that respectively
The true Distribution Characteristics in sedimentation phase stratum.
In the specific implementation, it is using region Evolution as guidance, with volumetric balance principle, carries out different times stratum
Three dimensions playbacks, and recovers the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase.
For energy dryness stratum (broken or fracture only occurs i.e. in tectonic activity, and is not susceptible to the ground of plastic deformation
Layer), using volumetric balance principle (i.e. after sedimentation, thickness is constant except being compacted or degrading holding), carry out the extensive of locus
It is multiple, the spatial scope on generation energy dryness stratum.
Using the energy dryness stratum of above-mentioned recovery as foundation, distribution and thickness to plastic formation recover.For mud, page
For rock, using structurally stable region mud, shale thickness as foundation, the stratum spatial scope after recovering by energy dryness stratum,
Caliper recovery is carried out with tendency method.For gypsum-salt rock, because its plastic deformation is strong, and lateral transfer ability is strong, poor
The result of opposite sex aggregation is that no any regional thickness can represent its actual thickness.For gypsum and salt rock formation, with drilling well, dew
Actual distribution position of the appearances position as gypseous-salt rock containing cream, saliferous strata in head, using paleostructure recovery die bed as cream salt
The bottom boundary of rock development, recovers its top boundary form and thickness distribution by volumetric balance method.
The subterranean formation zone studied in embodiments of the present invention shares 5 sets of stratum, respectively with mud shale, dolomite and ash
Rock is principal lithologic, and conodont sample is most easily found wherein in limestone, is also easily found in the limestone interlayer in dolomite.Such as
Shown in Fig. 3, according to outcrop complete bio bed succession and lithologic character research, 6 index fossils can be divided into and brought into
Row contrast, is aided with Sedimentary Features And Stratigraphical Correlation, carries out the stratum playback of single section, and content is understood as shown in Figure 3, in the section detachment layers
Lower generation dislocation distance reaches 13Km, directly influences the research to sedimentary evolution sequence.
It is determined that after the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase, by above-mentioned steps S103, according to each sedimentation
The true Distribution Characteristics in phase stratum, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out spacial migration.According to each sedimentation phase
The true Distribution Characteristics in stratum, determine the physical location of the feature geologic body in each stratum, and feature geologic body pushes away after playback
Location is put；According to the physical location and computed position of feature geologic body, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out empty
Between playback.
It is true with the stratum of each sedimentation phase of recovery using SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC, paleontological fossil band and lithology combination as object
Based on Distribution Characteristics, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and on appearing carry out spacial migration.Recover each in above-mentioned steps S102
On the basis of the true Distribution Characteristics in sedimentation phase stratum and sequence, sedimentary facies and lithology expansion comparative study to individual well, such as
Shown in Fig. 4 A, well A, well C are bored in stratum 2, stratum 3 meets the good reservoir of reef-beach body, and well A, well D are bored in stratum 5 meets reef
Beach body, clear and definite rule is had no in the contrast of drilling well now.As shown in Figure 4 B, after the recovery of ground sheaf space, it is possible to find well C-1
(position after drilling well C spacial migrations, its lithology are that drilling well C bores chance lithology in the layer) bores the ground that the reef flat body met bores chance with well D
Reef flat body vertical position in layer 5 is suitable, and the combination with well A can contrast, and reef flat body development has relative on landforms inherit
Property deposition characteristicses, therefore can tentatively assert the region there is inherit sexual development reef flat body rule, with do not carry out stratum sky
Between rule when mixed and disorderly disorder distribution formed sharp contrast.
As the beginning, deploy the stratum based on spacial migration-lithology research of the whole district, as shown in figure 5, clearly can may be used
There can be two reef flat body development belts, one end well A- well E- wells G that obvious structural deformation-displacement does not occur on stratum is a reef
Beach body development belt, there is reef flat body development in stratum 2, stratum 3, stratum 5, well C, well F, well H are bored originally in fault activities side
The position interval for meeting reef beach has no rule, after recovering by locus, finds in stratum 5, well H, well D bore the reef beach (position met
Below the mud shale plasticity detachment layers that fracture is walked, extensive displacement and deformation do not occur) substantially in same strap, substantially
It is parallel with well A- well E- well G Reef ＆ bank bands.And well F-1 (position after well F spacial migrations, lithology are well F lithology) reef
Beach and well C-1 (position after well C spacial migrations, lithology are well C lithology) reef beach position be also on identical band, therefore can
To speculate there is such a reef beach band, reef flat body is spatially vertical in deposition phase stratum 2, stratum 3, stratum 5 has succession
The rule of sexual development, but due to the development of thrust faults, and the displacement that different parts occur is different so that stratum 2, stratum 3
Misplaced with the reef flat body in stratum 5, have impact on the understanding to deposition rule.
Step S104, according to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, the petrofacies after recovering according to regional background construction are ancient
Geographical map.
Standard is turned to the lithology after spacial migration and deposition change, it is more objective true after the recovery of calmodulin binding domain CaM Background Construction
Reality lithofacies paleogeographic map.On the basis of above-mentioned steps S103 work, the ancient ground of real reflection deposition looks can be constructed
Map is managed, and the ancient geoaraply map formed with tradition research method is contrasted, as shown in Figure 6.Wherein, (a), (b) in Fig. 6
Lithofacies palaeogeography map that is shown, recovering for conventional method, the ground of space stratum deformation dislocation does not occur for well A- well E- wells G
Area, petrofacies understanding is substantially consistent with the method for the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention, but in tectonic activity area
Other drilling wells, regularity is lacked to the understanding of sedimentary facies, with less the possibility of prediction.Shown in (c), (d) in Fig. 6, for this
The lithofacies palaeogeography map that the method for the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of inventive embodiments is recovered, it can be seen that there occurs tight on stratum 3
The stratum of weight is shortened, therefore the map sheet after recovery exceedes scope now, and stratum 5 does not deform, and map sheet does not change.Base
After the reply of ground sheaf space, contrast again under the conditions of true sedimentation after the vertical lithological sequence relation on stratum 3 and stratum 5,
Can with clear understanding near the wells such as well H, well D (position for referring here to the deposition phase) there is reef flat body band, and with
Well A- well E- well G organic reefs are with parallel, thus it is speculated that the region should be multiple reef beaches band along the parallel distribution of certain orientation, so as to recognize
To the deposition rule in the area.
Above-mentioned steps S105, according to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, according to the lithofacies palaeogeography after recovery
Figure generates the Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after more phase tectonisms.
Combined structure evolutionary process, using deposition process forward modeling, complete stage (after i.e. more phase tectonisms) petrofacies now
Distribution Pattern, and then realize the target of sedimentary facies and lithology prediction.Stratum does not change in stratum 5, therefore constructs extensive
Multiple map may be directly applied to Oil-gas Exploration Practice with not varying widely now.But stratum 3 is recovered by space
Lithofacies palaeogeography afterwards is big with position difference now due to later stage more phase tectonic movements, it is therefore desirable to construct forward modeling (its process
For the inverse process of construction playback, will not be described in detail herein), and the lithology of recovery is positioned at stratum Present site now, such as Fig. 6
In (e) shown in, so as to instruct oil-gas exploration.
By the method for the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention, existing data is made full use of, can be extensive exactly
Multiple sedimentary basin prototype, i.e., real lithofacies palaeogeography sedimentation setting, carried out in the case where the petrofacies for approaching objective reality develop background
The recovery of sedimentary facies, compared with conventional method, true geological condition can be more accurately reflected, it is this for Marine Carbonate Rocks
The study on deposition that modern Gu has real difference has contrast meaning, and this is the theory value of the present invention；Meanwhile recover original heavy
After product background, it is combined by Sedimentary facies in drilling well and the point of emergence with real space spread, more true and accurate can be worked out
Lithofacies paleogeographic map, carry out the prediction of favorable facies belt, instruct oil-gas exploration direction, this be the present invention application value embody.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, as shown in fig. 7, the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography
Device mainly include：Formation thickness recovery unit 100, the true Distribution Characteristics determining unit 200 in stratum, spacial migration unit
300th, lithofacies paleogeographic map structural unit 400 and Distribution Pattern feature generation unit 500 etc..
Wherein, formation thickness recovery unit 100 is used for the survey data for obtaining stratum, and according to survey data, stratum is entered
Row strata denudation and missing are recovered, and recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure, wherein, survey data comprises at least：Dew
Head data, well data and geological data；The true Distribution Characteristics determining unit 200 in stratum is used for according to volumetric balance principle, right
The distribution on each stratum and thickness carry out spacial migration, determine the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase；Spacial migration unit
300 are used for according to the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase, and the lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out space
Playback；Lithofacies paleogeographic map structural unit 400 is used for according to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, is constructed according to regional background
Lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovery；Distribution Pattern feature generation unit 500 is used for according to structural evolution process, using deposition process
Forward modeling, the Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after more phase tectonisms is generated according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovery.
By above-mentioned each component units, the device of the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention, using having provided
Material, can recover sedimentary basin prototype exactly, i.e., real lithofacies palaeogeography sedimentation setting, approach the petrofacies of objective reality
The recovery that sedimentary facies is carried out under background is developed, compared with conventional apparatus, true geological condition can be more accurately reflected, for sea
The study on deposition that this modern Gu of phase carbonate rock has real difference has contrast meaning,；Meanwhile primary deposit background is recovered
Afterwards, it is combined by Sedimentary facies in drilling well and the point of emergence with real space spread, more really and accurately petrofacies can be worked out
Paleogeographic map, the prediction of favorable facies belt is carried out, instructs oil-gas exploration direction, this is that the application value of the present invention embodies.
Enter below in conjunction with each component units of the device of reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the specific example to the embodiment of the present invention
Row describes in detail.
Above-mentioned formation thickness recovery unit 100, for obtaining the survey data on stratum, according to survey data, to stratum
Carry out strata denudation and missing is recovered, recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure.Wherein, above-mentioned survey data is at least
Including：Appear data, well data and geological data etc..The key issue that this formation thickness recovery unit 100 solves is to pass through
The stratum degraded is recovered, and recovers sedimentary boundaries.
Specifically combined structure movement background, with appear, the data such as drilling well and earthquake, pass through paleontological fossil, layer
Sequence stratigraphic analysis, formation tendency method carry out strata denudation and missing is recovered, and recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure, bright
True sedimentary boundaries.In one embodiment, as shown in figure 8, the formation thickness recovery unit 100 includes：STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION module 101,
Stable region denudation area thickness determining module 102 and broken formation thickness determining module 103.
Wherein, the STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION module 101 is studied as starting point with the paleontological fossil band with strict significance of times, carries out
Study the preliminary comparison on stratum in area.To construct relative stable region Study On Paleontology fossil as standard, enter with structural deformation area
Row contrasts, and confirmation has lacuna, misplace out of order stratum, and is divided into constructing relative stable region and construction complexity
Area.
Stable region denudation area thickness determining module 102 carries out ground based on extinct plants and animal Strata Comparison, with reference to seismic constraint
Layer contrast, and application formation tendency method carries out denudation area thickness.It is thick by this stable region denudation area for constructing relative stable region
Degree determining module 102 can complete the recovery of TST (true strata thickness).
Broken formation thickness determining module 103 be directed to structural complex broken formation, contrast around it is adjacent, with
The formation thickness of the relative stable region of the closest construction of broken formation.As surrounding area thickness is more consistent and deposition lithology
I.e. depositional environment does not change, then with the ground of the relative stable region of construction adjacent, closest with broken formation around
Thickness degree replaces the thickness of the broken formation of the structural complex.
In one embodiment, the subterranean formation zone that the device of the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention is studied is
Late in the Yanshan Mountain-Early Himalaya tectonic movement, strong compressional movement occurs, shakes joint interpretation using well, finds this subterranean formation zone
It is middle a large-scale thrust to be present, as shown in Fig. 2 the fracture causes the missing of shallow stratum, the repetition on middle part stratum,
Deep slips along plastic formation, lacuna, repetition, out of order phenomenon in this area clearly be present.On this basis, apply
Formation tendency method recovers shallow-layer denudation, as shown in Figure 3.
The true Distribution Characteristics determining unit 200 in above-mentioned stratum, for according to volumetric balance principle, the distribution to each stratum
And thickness carries out spacial migration, determines the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase.
In the specific implementation, it is using region Evolution as guidance, with volumetric balance principle, carries out different times stratum
Three dimensions playbacks, and recovers the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase.In one embodiment, as shown in figure 9, the stratum is true
Real Distribution Characteristics determining unit 200 includes：Can dryness stratum spatial horizon generation module 201, mud shale caliper recovery mould
Block 202 and gypsum-salt rock thickness distribution module 203.
Wherein, energy dryness stratum spatial horizon generation module 201 (is only sent out for energy dryness stratum in tectonic activity
Raw broken or fracture, and it is not susceptible to the stratum of plastic deformation), using volumetric balance principle, (i.e. after sedimentation, thickness is except pressure
Reality or degrade keep constant), carry out the recovery of locus, generation can dryness stratum spatial scope.
Mud shale caliper recovery module 202 using the energy dryness stratum of above-mentioned recovery as foundation, distribution to plastic formation and
Thickness is recovered.For mud, shale, using structurally stable region mud, shale thickness as foundation, recover by energy dryness stratum
Stratum spatial scope afterwards, caliper recovery is carried out with tendency method.
For gypsum-salt rock, because its plastic deformation is strong, and lateral transfer ability is strong, and the result of otherness aggregation is
There is no any regional thickness to represent its actual thickness.Therefore, gypsum-salt rock thickness distribution module 203 is for gypsum-salt rock
Layer, using drilling well, appear in containing cream, saliferous strata appearance position as the actual distribution position of gypseous-salt rock, it is extensive with paleostructure
Multiple die bed is the bottom boundary of gypsum-salt rock development, recovers its top boundary form and thickness distribution by volumetric balance method.
The subterranean formation zone studied in embodiments of the present invention shares 5 sets of stratum, respectively with mud shale, dolomite and ash
Rock is principal lithologic, and conodont sample is most easily found wherein in limestone, is also easily found in the limestone interlayer in dolomite.Such as
Shown in Fig. 3, according to outcrop complete bio bed succession and lithologic character research, 6 index fossils can be divided into and brought into
Row contrast, is aided with Sedimentary Features And Stratigraphical Correlation, carries out the stratum playback of single section, and content is understood as shown in Figure 3, in the section detachment layers
Lower generation dislocation distance reaches 13Km, directly influences the research to sedimentary evolution sequence.
It is determined that after the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase, by above-mentioned spacial migration unit 300, according to various regions
The layer deposition true Distribution Characteristics in phase stratum, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out spacial migration.Specifically, as schemed
Shown in 10, the spacial migration unit 300 includes：Position determination module 301 and spacial migration module 302.Wherein, position determines mould
Block 301, for according to the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase, determining the actual bit of the feature geologic body in each stratum
Put, and playback after feature geologic body computed position；Spacial migration module 302, for the actual bit according to feature geologic body
Put and computed position, the lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out spacial migration.
It is true with the stratum of each sedimentation phase of recovery using SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC, paleontological fossil band and lithology combination as object
Based on Distribution Characteristics, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and on appearing carry out spacial migration.On above-mentioned stratum, true spread is special
On the basis of sign determining unit 200 recovers the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase and sequence, sedimentary facies to individual well and
Lithology deploys comparative study, and as shown in Figure 4 A, well A, well C are bored in stratum 2, stratum 3 meets the good reservoir of reef-beach body, well A,
Well D is bored in stratum 5 meets reef flat body, and clear and definite rule is had no in the contrast of drilling well now.As shown in Figure 4 B, it is extensive by ground sheaf space
After multiple, it is possible to find well C-1 (position after drilling well C spacial migrations, its lithology are that drilling well C bores chance lithology in the layer) bores the reef beach met
The reef flat body vertical position that body is bored with well D in the stratum 5 met is suitable, and the combination with well A can contrast, and reef flat body development has
With respect to the deposition characteristicses of inheritance on landforms, thus can tentatively assert the region there is inherit sexual development reef flat body rule,
Mixed and disorderly disorder distribution during with not carrying out stratum spatial homing forms sharp contrast.
As the beginning, deploy the stratum based on spacial migration-lithology research of the whole district, as shown in figure 5, clearly can may be used
There can be two reef flat body development belts, one end well A- well E- wells G that obvious structural deformation-displacement does not occur on stratum is a reef
Beach body development belt, there is reef flat body development in stratum 2, stratum 3, stratum 5, well C, well F, well H are bored originally in fault activities side
The position interval for meeting reef beach has no rule, after recovering by locus, finds in stratum 5, well H, well D bore the reef beach (position met
Below the mud shale plasticity detachment layers that fracture is walked, extensive displacement and deformation do not occur) substantially in same strap, substantially
It is parallel with well A- well E- well G Reef ＆ bank bands.And well F-1 (position after well F spacial migrations, lithology are well F lithology) reef
Beach and well C-1 (position after well C spacial migrations, lithology are well C lithology) reef beach position be also on identical band, therefore can
To speculate there is such a reef beach band, reef flat body is spatially vertical in deposition phase stratum 2, stratum 3, stratum 5 has succession
The rule of sexual development, but due to the development of thrust faults, and the displacement that different parts occur is different so that stratum 2, stratum 3
Misplaced with the reef flat body in stratum 5, have impact on the understanding to deposition rule.
Lithofacies paleogeographic map structural unit 400, for according to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, according to regional background
Lithofacies paleogeographic map after construction recovery.
Standard is turned to the lithology after spacial migration and deposition change, it is more objective true after the recovery of calmodulin binding domain CaM Background Construction
Reality lithofacies paleogeographic map.On the basis of the work of above-mentioned spacial migration unit 300, real reflection depositional plane can be constructed
The ancient geoaraply map of looks, and the ancient geoaraply map formed with tradition research device is contrasted, as shown in Figure 6.Wherein, in Fig. 6
(a), shown in (b), space stratum does not occur for well A- well E- wells G and becomes for the lithofacies palaeogeography map that recovers for conventional apparatus
The area of shape dislocation, petrofacies understanding is substantially consistent with the device of the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention, but is constructing
Other drilling wells in movable area, regularity is lacked to the understanding of sedimentary facies, with less the possibility of prediction.(c), (d) in Fig. 6
It is shown, it is the lithofacies palaeogeography map that the device of the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention recovers, it can be seen that stratum
3 there occurs the shortening of serious stratum, therefore the map sheet after recovery exceedes scope now, and stratum 5 is not deformed, and map sheet is not sent out
Changing.After being replied based on ground sheaf space, the vertical lithology sequence on stratum 3 and stratum 5 under the conditions of true sedimentation is contrasted again
, can (position for referring here to the deposition phase) there is reef flat body bar near the wells such as well H, well D with clear understanding after row relation
Band, and with well A- well E- well G organic reefs with parallel, thus it is speculated that the region should be multiple reef beaches band along parallel point of certain orientation
Cloth, it is thus realized that the deposition rule in the area.
Above-mentioned Distribution Pattern feature generation unit 500, for according to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling,
The Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after more phase tectonisms is generated according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovery.
Combined structure evolutionary process, using deposition process forward modeling, complete stage (after i.e. more phase tectonisms) petrofacies now
Distribution Pattern, and then realize the target of sedimentary facies and lithology prediction.Stratum does not change in stratum 5, therefore constructs extensive
Multiple map may be directly applied to Oil-gas Exploration Practice with not varying widely now.But stratum 3 is recovered by space
Lithofacies palaeogeography afterwards is big with position difference now due to later stage more phase tectonic movements, it is therefore desirable to construct forward modeling (its process
For the inverse process of construction playback, will not be described in detail herein), and the lithology of recovery is positioned at stratum Present site now, such as Fig. 6
In (e) shown in, so as to instruct oil-gas exploration.
By the device of the reconstruction lithofacies palaeogeography of the embodiment of the present invention, existing data is made full use of, can be extensive exactly
Multiple sedimentary basin prototype, i.e., real lithofacies palaeogeography sedimentation setting, carried out in the case where the petrofacies for approaching objective reality develop background
The recovery of sedimentary facies, compared with conventional method, true geological condition can be more accurately reflected, it is this for Marine Carbonate Rocks
The study on deposition that modern Gu has real difference has contrast meaning, and this is the theory value of the present invention；Meanwhile recover original heavy
After product background, it is combined by Sedimentary facies in drilling well and the point of emergence with real space spread, more true and accurate can be worked out
Lithofacies paleogeographic map, carry out the prediction of favorable facies belt, instruct oil-gas exploration direction, this be the present invention application value embody.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realize that all or part of step in above-described embodiment method can lead to
Program is crossed to instruct the hardware of correlation to complete, the program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium, such as
ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD etc..
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further in detail
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Scope is protected, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, it is characterised in that described method includes：The survey data on stratum is obtained, according to the survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is recovered, recovers to pass through The formation thickness of transformation is degraded in exposure, wherein, the survey data comprises at least：Appear data, well data and geological data；According to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, determine that each sedimentation phase stratum is true Real Distribution Characteristics；According to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, lithology and sedimentary facies by drilling well and in appearing carry out space Playback；According to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, the lithofacies paleogeographic map after recovering according to regional background construction；According to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, more phase structures are generated according to the lithofacies paleogeographic map after the recovery Make the Distribution Pattern feature of petrofacies after changing；According to the survey data, strata denudation is carried out to stratum and missing is recovered, recover to degrade the stratum of transformation by exposure Thickness, including：Using the paleontological fossil band for constructing relative stable region stratum as standard, the construction distribution on stratum is determined, there will be ground break Lose, the out of order STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION that misplaces is construction relative stable region and structural complex；For the stratum of the relative stable region of the construction, Strata Comparison is carried out with reference to seismic constraint, and application formation tendency method is true Determine denudation area thickness；For the broken formation in the structural complex, the closest formation thickness for constructing relative stable region is contrasted, When formation thickness is consistent and deposition lithology does not change, with the formation thickness of the relative stable region of the closest construction Formation thickness as the broken formation；According to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum carry out spacial migration, determine that each sedimentation phase stratum is true Real Distribution Characteristics, including：Locus recovery is carried out to the energy dryness stratum of the structural complex according to the volumetric balance principle, described in generation The spatial scope on energy dryness stratum；According to the spatial scope on the energy dryness stratum, the plastic formation using formation tendency method to the structural complex In mud stone and shale carry out caliper recovery；For the gypsum-salt rock in the plastic formation of the structural complex, cream salt is determined according to the well data and data of appearing The actual distribution position of rock stratum, the bottom boundary developed using paleostructure recovery die bed as gypsum-salt rock, is recovered by volumetric balance method The top boundary form and thickness distribution of the gypseous-salt rock；According to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, lithology and sedimentary facies by the drilling well and in appearing are carried out Spacial migration, including：According to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, the physical location of the feature geologic body in each stratum is determined, And playback after the feature geologic body computed position；According to the physical location and computed position of the feature geologic body, lithology and sedimentary facies by the drilling well and in appearing are entered Row spacial migration.
- 2. a kind of device for rebuilding lithofacies palaeogeography, it is characterised in that described device includes：Formation thickness recovery unit, for obtaining the survey data on stratum, according to the survey data, stratum stripping is carried out to stratum Erosion and missing are recovered, and recover to degrade the formation thickness of transformation by exposure, wherein, the survey data comprises at least：Appear number According to, well data and geological data；The true Distribution Characteristics determining unit in stratum, for according to volumetric balance principle, distribution and thickness to each stratum to carry out empty Between playback, determine the true Distribution Characteristics in stratum of each sedimentation phase；Spacial migration unit, for according to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, the rock by drilling well and in appearing Property and sedimentary facies carry out spacial migration；Lithofacies paleogeographic map structural unit, for according to the lithology and sedimentary facies after spacial migration, being constructed according to regional background extensive Lithofacies paleogeographic map after multiple；Distribution Pattern feature generation unit, for according to structural evolution process, using deposition process forward modeling, after the recovery Lithofacies paleogeographic map generate the Distribution Pattern features of petrofacies after more phase tectonisms；Described formation thickness recovery unit includes：STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION module, for the paleontological fossil band to construct relative stable region stratum as standard, determine the construction on stratum Distribution, it is construction relative stable region and structural complex there will be the out of order STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION of lacuna, dislocation；Stable region denudation area thickness determining module, for the stratum for the relative stable region of the construction, enter with reference to seismic constraint Row Strata Comparison, and determine denudation area thickness using formation tendency method；Broken formation thickness determining module, for closest for the broken formation in the structural complex, contrast The relative stable region of construction formation thickness, when formation thickness is consistent and deposition lithology does not change, with the distance most Formation thickness of the formation thickness of the relative stable region of near construction as the broken formation；The true Distribution Characteristics determining unit in described stratum includes：Can dryness stratum spatial horizon generation module, for according to the volumetric balance principle to the structural complex Energy dryness stratum carries out locus recovery, generates the spatial scope on the energy dryness stratum；Mud shale caliper recovery module, for the spatial scope according to the energy dryness stratum, using formation tendency method pair Mud stone and shale in the plastic formation of the structural complex carry out caliper recovery；Gypsum-salt rock thickness distribution module, for the gypsum-salt rock in the plastic formation for the structural complex, according to the brill Well data and data of appearing determine the actual distribution position of gypseous-salt rock, the bottom developed using paleostructure recovery die bed as gypsum-salt rock Border, recover the top boundary form and thickness distribution of the gypseous-salt rock by volumetric balance method；Described spacial migration unit includes：Position determination module, for according to the true Distribution Characteristics in the stratum of each sedimentation phase, determining the feature in each stratum The computed position of the feature geologic body after the physical location of geologic body, and playback；Spacial migration module, for the physical location and computed position according to the feature geologic body, by the drilling well and appear In lithology and sedimentary facies carry out spacial migration.
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| CN111045109B (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2023-06-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for recovering stratum erosion amount in basin |
| CN111292385B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2023-10-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for compiling black shale quantitative ancient geographic map |
| CN112068201B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-10-01 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Exploration method for ancient ridge edge unconformity V-belt |
| CN112697787A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-23 | 新疆大学 | Method for determining ancient wind direction through distribution rule of oolitic beach on carbonate rock platform |
| CN115576011B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-11-10 | 北京福瑞宝能源科技有限公司 | Geological model-based phased reservoir prediction method, device and system |
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