CN105549100A - Mine transient electromagnetic detection apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source - Google Patents
Mine transient electromagnetic detection apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source Download PDFInfo
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- CN105549100A CN105549100A CN201610006760.2A CN201610006760A CN105549100A CN 105549100 A CN105549100 A CN 105549100A CN 201610006760 A CN201610006760 A CN 201610006760A CN 105549100 A CN105549100 A CN 105549100A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/26—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
- G01V3/28—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device using induction coils
Abstract
The invention relates to a mine transient electromagnetic detection apparatus and method based on a U-shaped helical source. An emission coil is provided with a non-conductive U-shaped support and a power supply wire, the power supply wire is wound on the U-shaped support in a closely winding helical mode, the start point of the power supply wire is arranged at one end of the U-shaped support, the terminal point of the power supply wire is arranged at the other end of the U-shaped support, the two ends each reserve a 2-3-meter connecting line for connection with an emitter, and the emission coil and a receiving coil maintain an interval of 1 to 5 meters; and the emitter and a host are distanced one meter away from the emission coil and the receiving coil, and area-wide apparent resistivity is calculated based on a binary search algorithm. According to the invention, by use of the U-shaped helical source, interference caused by an interference source nearby the emission coil to a primary field is reduced, and the data quality, the detection precision and the resolution are improved; mutual inductance between the emission coil and the receiving coil is reduced, i.e., the turn-off time and the detection blind area are reduced; the dimension of the emission coil is reduced, and the emission coil is better adapted to a small tunnel space; and the calculation result is accurate, the structure is simple, and the realization is easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geology and exploration geophysics field, particularly relate to a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source.
Background technology
Transient electromagnetic method (TransientElectromagneticMethod is called for short TEM) is a kind of time domain artificial source electromagnetic exploration method be based upon on electromagnetic induction principle basis.It utilizes earth-free loop line or earth lead to launch primary field to underground, closes and have no progeny, measure the inducted secondary field that produced by underground medium over time, reach a kind of geophysical exploration method finding various geologic objective at primary field.When transient electromagnetic method being applied to down-hole detection, be called Mine Transient Electromagnetic Method (MineTransientElectromagneticMethod is called for short MTEM).
At present, in Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine, main recording geometry has Genter loop mode, Coincident loop mode and dipole mode.Fig. 1 is dipole mode recording geometry schematic diagram.Whole system generally by transmitting coil, transmitter, main frame and receiving coil four part form (system transmitter had and main frame are integrated machine).No matter adopt which kind of recording geometry, transmitting coil generally adopts the square Loop source of multiturn.In data processing, be generally first calculate APPARENT RESISTIVITY (magnetic field intensity is converted to apparent resistivity), then carry out time and depth transfer (sampling time will be converted to the degree of depth), finally become figure to explain.
Above traditional Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method have following shortcoming:
(1) poor anti jamming capability, underground for probing measuring tool has the feature of interference source complexity (comprising industrial electro, rail, anchor pole, development machine etc.); The square Loop source of multiturn is subject to interference source impact near coil, and this can reduce detection accuracy and resolution.
(2) transmitting coil and receiving coil mutual inductance are comparatively strong, and this can increase the turn-off time of instrument, causes the detection blind area of about 20m.
(3) transmitting coil size is relatively large, limits the application in narrow and small lane space.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source, to adapt to the down-hole detection condition that interference source is complicated and space exploration is narrow and small, and reduce detection blind area, improve data processing precision and resolution.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source, comprises transmitting coil, transmitter, main frame and receiving coil; Described transmitting coil is connected with transmitter, and transmitter is all connected with main frame with receiving coil; Described transmitting coil is provided with non-conductive U-shaped support and power supply electric wire, described power supply electric wire is wrapped on U-shaped support in the close mode around helical, the starting point of power supply electric wire is in one end of U-shaped support, and terminal is at the other end of U-shaped support, and two ends respectively reserve 2-3m connecting line and are connected with transmitter.
Described U-shaped support is made up of two straight tubes and a semicircle bend pipe, is connected between straight tube and semicircle bend pipe by hickey.
Described two straight tubes are measure-alike, and semicircle bend pipe external diameter is consistent with straight tube external diameter.
The external diameter of described straight tube is 160mm-320mm, length 0.5m-2m; Described semicircle bend pipe external diameter 160mm-320mm, half diameter of a circle 0.5m-2m.
Described U-shaped support is made by electrically non-conductive material PVC.
Described transmitting coil is connected with transmitter by power supply electric wire, and transmitter is connected with main frame by signal wire with receiving coil.
Described transmitting coil and receiving coil interval 1-5m.
Outside described transmitter and main frame range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m.
Described transmitter, main frame, receiving coil are identical with traditional multiturn square Loop source transient electromagnetic detection device with signal connecting line.
Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine method based on U-shaped helical source:
1) arrange survey line, in tunnel, determine detection starting point, final position, put on mark at tunnel lateral wall chalk or paint every 5m or 10m along survey line;
2) assemble instrument, transmitting coil is connected with transmitter by power supply electric wire, transmitter is connected with main frame by signal wire with receiving coil; Transmitting coil and receiving coil is made to keep interval 1-5m; Make outside transmitter and main frame range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m;
3) data acquisition, during collection, whole sniffer integrally, is first placed on survey line start position and carries out a data acquisition; Then, according to the mark being marked on tunnel lateral wall, carry out a data acquisition, until end of line every 5m or 10m;
4) data processing, provides the APPARENT RESISTIVITY calculation procedure of t (i) sampling time point based on binary search algorithm below:
4.1) the initial interval [ρ of given binary search
a, ρ
b], minimum relative error ε
min;
4.2) medium resistance rate ρ is calculated
i=(ρ
a+ ρ
b)/2, bring semispace Forward Formula B into
zm(i)=f [ρ
i, t (i)] and calculate theoretical magnetic induction density B corresponding to medium resistance rate
zm(i);
4.3) calculating observation value B
z(i) and theoretical value B
zmrelative error ε between (i)=| B
zm(i)-B
z(i) |/B
z(i); If ε≤ε
mi, then ρ
ibe APPARENT RESISTIVITY, corresponding degree of depth D
icomputing formula is
wherein μ
0=4 π × 10
-7n/A
2for permeability of vacuum, α=0.3 is total space coefficient, and the 0th sampling time point t (0)=0, calculates and terminate; Otherwise, carry out next step;
4.4) if B
z(i) > B
zmi () be ρ then
b=ρ
iotherwise, ρ
a=ρ
i; Return step 2) continue to perform.
Semispace Forward Formula in step 4.2 can list of references (Li Jinming, earth electric field and resistivity prospecting [M], Beijing: Geology Publishing House, 2005), will no longer describe in detail herein.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that has of the present invention and effect as follows:
(1) the present invention transform square for traditional multiturn Loop source as U-shaped helical source, to reduce near transmitting coil interference source to the interference of primary field, thus improves the quality of data, improve detection accuracy and resolution; (2) the present invention transform square for traditional multiturn Loop source as U-shaped helical source, reduces the mutual inductance between transmitting coil and receiving coil, namely reduces the turn-off time, reduce detection blind area; (3) the present invention transform square for traditional multiturn Loop source as U-shaped helical source, reduces the size of transmitting coil, more adapts to the narrow and small lane space in down-hole; (4) adopt the computing method in the present invention, result of calculation is more accurate; (5) structure of the present invention is simply easy to realize, and is easy to square for traditional multiturn Loop source transient electromagnetic detection device transformation to form.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device of the square Loop source of multiturn;
Fig. 2 is based on the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device in U-shaped helical source;
Fig. 3 U-shaped helical source schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 U-shaped supporting structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 multiturn square Loop source primary field schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 U-shaped helical source primary field schematic diagram;
No. 6, Fig. 7 tunnel measuring point measured data;
Fig. 8 is based on the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device measured data result map in U-shaped helical source.
In figure, 1. transmitting coil, 1-1.U shape support, the semicircle bend pipe of 1-11., 1-12. straight tube, 1-2. powers electric wire, 2. transmitter, 3. main frame, 4. receiving coil.
Embodiment
Referring to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
In order to antijamming capability of the present invention being described and reducing the effect in the turn-off time, The present invention gives traditional square Loop source sniffer and test comparison result of the present invention.
In embodiment, the square Loop source of multiturn and U-shaped helical source dates are arranged:
The square Loop source of multiturn adopts the square rack of length of side 2m, and the long 512m of power supply electric wire, be wrapped on square rack in the close mode around helical, two ends respectively reserve 2.5m and are connected with transmitter (by reference to the accompanying drawings 1).
The U-shaped support 1-1 in U-shaped helical source is made up of two straight tube 1-12 and semicircle bend pipe 1-11 tri-parts, and material is PVC, is connected between straight tube 1-12 and semicircle bend pipe 1-13 by hickey; Two straight tube 1-12 are measure-alike, external diameter 160mm, length 0.5m; Semicircle bend pipe 1-11 external diameter 160mm, half diameter of a circle 0.5m.
Power supply electric wire 1-2 adopts the square Loop source of original multiturn to power electric wire, length 512m.Power supply electric wire 1-2 is wrapped on U-shaped support 1-1 in the close mode around helical, the starting point of power supply electric wire 1-2 is in one end of U-shaped support 1-1, terminal is at the other end of U-shaped support 1-2, and two ends respectively reserve 2.5m and are connected with transmitter 2 (by reference to the accompanying drawings 2,3 and 4).
Knot accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 6 can be found out, the distribution of multiturn square Loop source primary field is dispersed (see Fig. 5), can produce stronger mutual inductance when turning off supply current in receiving coil (be generally placed near transmitting coil within 10m); U-shaped is launched line source primary field and is mainly concentrated in detection direction certain limit (see Fig. 6), and the mutual inductance produced in receiving coil when turning off supply current is weak.
Test carries out at No. 6, certain tunnel measuring point, and there is a mine car at 2m place, measuring point rear.Fig. 7 is the lower No. 6 measuring point measured datas of mine car interference, and horizontal ordinate is the sampling time, and ordinate is magnetic field intensity.In figure, plus line is convention square Loop source detection data, and dotted line is U-shaped helical source detection data.As seen from Figure 7, the U-shaped helical source turn-off time (80 μ s) is significantly less than the square Loop source turn-off time (240 μ s), and U-shaped helical source detection data curve is rounder and more smooth, and illustrate that the quality of data gathered is better, antijamming capability is stronger.The magnetic field intensity entirety using U-shaped helical source to gather is less than square Loop source, is that this does not affect the accuracy of detection because U-shaped spiral shell ray emission magnetic moment is less than square Loop source launch magnetic moment.
Embodiment 2
In order to the validity of the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source is described, The present invention gives certain in-situ measurement result.
Certain seat earth rock stratum forms primarily of sandstone, mud stone and ls.Wherein ls is Ordovician Limestone, and distance seat earth mean distance 40m, average thickness 42m, the Karst-fissure water in Ordovician Limestone is main water filling source.In order to find out roadway floor stratum geology and hydrogeological condition, eliminating hidden water dezaster, having carried out down-hole transient electromagnetic detecting.This detection adopts the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method that the present invention is based on U-shaped helical source.This detection arranges the survey line of 100m length as required, and spacing 10m arranges a measuring point, acquires the data of 11 measuring points altogether.
Fig. 8 is the result map in the 120m depth range that obtains after data processing, and in figure, horizontal ordinate is the survey line of 100m, and ordinate is investigation depth, and the depth of section color represents the size of resistivity, and it is lower that color represents apparent resistivity more deeply.There is a low resistance abnormity area (drawing a circle to approve scope in figure) at pile No. 51-60m in the drawings, degree of depth 50-80m place, and apparent resistivity is less than 3 Ω m, is speculated as water leg, Ordovician limestone karst crack.Rear drilling verification, results of drilling is consistent with result of detection.
Embodiment 3
For the data processing of No. 6 measuring points (pile No. 60m place) in embodiment 2, data processing method is demonstrated.
After data acquisition completes, No. 6 measuring point (pile No. 60m place) raw data, in table 1, comprise sampling time and the field strength values of 30 time gates.First calculate apparent resistivity and the degree of depth of first sampled point, computation process is as follows:
(1) the initial interval [ρ of given binary search
a=1 Ω m, ρ
b=500 Ω m], minimum relative error ε
min=0.01.
(2) medium resistance rate ρ is calculated
1=(ρ
a+ ρ
b)/2=250.5 Ω m, brings semispace Forward Formula B into
zm(i)=f [ρ
i, t () i] and calculate theoretical magnetic induction density B corresponding to medium resistance rate
zm(i)=1.5e-013T.
(3) calculating observation value B
z(i)=6.7e-012T and theoretical value B
zmi relative error ε=0.98 between ()=1.5e-013T, because ε > is ε
min, enter next step.
(4) because B
z(i) > B
zmi (), so ρ
b=ρ
1=250.5 Ω m.Return step (2) to continue to perform.
(5) through 10 iterative computation of step (2) ~ (4), ρ
1=20.0 Ω m, ε=0.0069, now ε≤ε
min, so ρ
1=20.0 Ω m are the APPARENT RESISTIVITY of the 1st sampled point, calculate the corresponding degree of depth and obtain D
1=4.41m.
Be more than the computation process of the 1st sampled point apparent resistivity and the degree of depth.Same step, can calculate apparent resistivity and the degree of depth (see table 2) of No. 6 all 30 sampled points of measuring point successively.
Eventually pass detection checking, device of the present invention and precision of method high, the result calculated and result of detection completely the same.
No. 6 measuring point original observed data in table 1 embodiment 2
| i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| t(i)/s | 6.8e-06 | 8.6e-06 | 1.1e-05 | 1.4e-05 | 1.8e-05 | 2.2e-05 | 2.9e-05 | 3.6e-05 | 4.6e-05 | 5.8e-05 |
| B z(i)/T | 6.7e-012 | 4.6e-012 | 3.3e-012 | 2.3e-012 | 1.7e-012 | 1.3e-012 | 9.2e-013 | 6.7e-013 | 5.2e-013 | 3.98e-013 |
| i | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| t(i)/s | 7.4e-05 | 9.4e-05 | 0.00012 | 0.00015 | 0.00019 | 0.00025 | 0.00031 | 0.00040 | 0.00050 | 0.00064 |
| B z(i)/T | 2.9e-013 | 2.2e-013 | 1.6e-013 | 1.3e-013 | 1.1e-013 | 8.7e-014 | 7.3e-014 | 6.1e-014 | 4.9e-014 | 4.0e-014 |
| i | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| t(i)/s | 0.00081 | 0.00103 | 0.00131 | 0.00166 | 0.00211 | 0.00268 | 0.00341 | 0.00432 | 0.00549 | 0.00698 |
| B z(i)/T | 3.1e-014 | 2.3e-014 | 1.7e-014 | 1.2e-014 | 8.3e-015 | 5.7e-015 | 3.8e-015 | 2.5e-015 | 1.7e-015 | 1.1e-015 |
No. 6 measuring point data results in table 2 embodiment 2
| i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| D i/m | 4.41 | 5.5 | 6.67 | 8.04 | 10.12 | 12.39 | 14.85 | 17.53 | 20.45 | 23.68 |
| ρ i/Ω·m | 20.00 | 19.76 | 19.52 | 18.54 | 18.06 | 17.08 | 15.62 | 14.64 | 13.67 | 13.18 |
| i | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| D i/m | 27.19 | 30.97 | 34.96 | 38.97 | 42.89 | 46.72 | 50.59 | 54.57 | 58.86 | 63.70 |
| ρ i/Ω·m | 12.21 | 11.23 | 9.77 | 7.82 | 5.87 | 4.41 | 3.56 | 2.95 | 2.71 | 2.71 4 --> |
| i | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| D i/m | 69.39 | 76.07 | 84.40 | 94.90 | 107.86 | 124.71 | 145.94 | 172.14 | 202.87 | 240.06 |
| ρ i/Ω·m | 2.95 | 3.19 | 3.92 | 4.90 | 5.87 | 7.82 | 9.77 | 11.72 | 12.70 | 14.64 |
Claims (9)
1., based on the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device in U-shaped helical source, comprise transmitting coil, transmitter, main frame and receiving coil; Described transmitting coil is connected with transmitter, and transmitter is all connected with main frame with receiving coil; It is characterized in that, described transmitting coil is provided with non-conductive U-shaped support and power supply electric wire, described power supply electric wire is wrapped on U-shaped support in the close mode around helical, the starting point of power supply electric wire is in one end of U-shaped support, terminal is at the other end of U-shaped support, and two ends respectively reserve 2-3m connecting line and are connected with transmitter.
2. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described U-shaped support is made up of two straight tubes and a semicircle bend pipe, is connected between straight tube and semicircle bend pipe by hickey.
3. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described two straight tubes are measure-alike, and semicircle bend pipe external diameter is consistent with straight tube external diameter.
4. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the external diameter of described straight tube is 160mm-320mm, length 0.5m-2m; Described semicircle bend pipe external diameter 160mm-320mm, half diameter of a circle 0.5m-2m.
5. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described U-shaped support is made by electrically non-conductive material PVC.
6. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described transmitting coil is connected with transmitter by power supply electric wire, and transmitter is connected with main frame by signal wire with receiving coil.
7. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described transmitting coil and receiving coil interval 1-5m.
8. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, is characterized in that, outside described transmitter and main frame range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m.
9. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine method based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1 ~ 8 any one claim, is characterized in that: the concrete steps of this detection method are:
1) arrange survey line, in tunnel, determine detection starting point, final position, put on mark at tunnel lateral wall chalk or paint every 5m or 10m along survey line;
2) assemble instrument, transmitting coil is connected with transmitter by power supply electric wire, transmitter is connected with main frame by signal wire with receiving coil; Transmitting coil and receiving coil is made to keep interval 1-5m; Make outside transmitter and main frame range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m;
3) data acquisition, during collection, whole sniffer integrally, is first placed on survey line start position and carries out a data acquisition; Then, according to the mark being marked on tunnel lateral wall, carry out a data acquisition, until end of line every 5m or 10m;
4) data processing, provides the APPARENT RESISTIVITY calculation procedure of t (i) sampling time point based on binary search algorithm below:
4.1) the initial interval [ρ of given binary search
a, ρ
b], minimum relative error ε
min;
4.2) medium resistance rate ρ is calculated
i=(ρ
a+ ρ
b)/2, bring semispace Forward Formula B into
zm(i)=f [ρ
i, t (i)] and calculate theoretical magnetic induction density B corresponding to medium resistance rate
zm(i);
4.3) calculating observation value B
z(i) and theoretical value B
zmrelative error ε between (i)=| B
zm(i)-B
z(i) |/B
z(i); If ε≤ε
min, then ρ
ibe APPARENT RESISTIVITY, corresponding degree of depth D
icomputing formula is
wherein μ
0=4 π × 10
-7n/A
2for permeability of vacuum, α=0.3 is total space coefficient, and the 0th sampling time point t (0)=0, calculates and terminate; Otherwise, carry out next step;
4.4) if B
z(i) > B
zmi () be ρ then
b=ρ
iotherwise, ρ
a=ρ
i; Return step 2) continue to perform.
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| CN109655925B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2023-10-03 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Rapid mobile embankment hole transient electromagnetic continuous detection system and method |
| CN114089426A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-02-25 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Improved U-shaped spiral source transient electromagnetic full-space directional detection method |
| CN114089426B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-11-10 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Improved U-shaped spiral source transient electromagnetic full-space directional detection method |
| CN113608267A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-05 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Double-circuit zero-flux transient electromagnetic detection device |
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