CN105549100B - Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source - Google Patents
Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source Download PDFInfo
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- CN105549100B CN105549100B CN201610006760.2A CN201610006760A CN105549100B CN 105549100 B CN105549100 B CN 105549100B CN 201610006760 A CN201610006760 A CN 201610006760A CN 105549100 B CN105549100 B CN 105549100B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/26—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device
- G01V3/28—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified either by the surrounding earth formation or by the detecting device using induction coils
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source, the transmitting coil is provided with non-conductive U-bracket and power supply electric wire, it is described power supply electric wire by it is close around helical in the way of be wrapped on U-bracket, the starting point of power supply electric wire is in one end of U-bracket, the other end of the terminal in U-bracket, two ends respectively reserve 2 3m connecting lines and are connected with emitter, and transmitting coil keeps 1 5m of interval with receiving coil;Outside emitter and main frame range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m, APPARENT RESISTIVITY calculating is carried out based on binary search algorithm, the present invention is reduced transmitting coil interference of the interference source to primary field nearby, is improved the quality of data, detection accuracy and resolution ratio using U-shaped helical source;The mutual inductance between transmitting coil and receiving coil is reduced, that is, reduces turn-off time and detection blind area;The size of transmitting coil is reduced, the narrow and small lane space in underground is more adapted to;Result of calculation is accurate, simple in construction to be easily achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geology and exploration geophysics field, more particularly to a kind of mine transition based on U-shaped helical source
Electromagnetic exploration apparatus and method.
Background technology
Transient electromagnetic method (Transient Electromagnetic Method, abbreviation TEM) is a kind of sets up in electromagnetism
Time-domain artificial source's electromagnetic exploration method on the basis of principle of induction.It is to be issued using earth-free loop line or earth lead to ground
Primary field is penetrated, after a VOF, the inducted secondary field produced by underground medium is measured and changes with time, to reach searching
A kind of geophysical exploration method of various geologic objectives.When transient electromagnetic method being applied into down-hole detecting, referred to as mine
Transient electromagnetic method (Mine Transient Electromagnetic Method, abbreviation MTEM).
At present, in Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine, main observation system have Genter loop mode, Coincident loop mode and
Dipole mode.Fig. 1 is dipole mode observation system schematic diagram.Whole system is general by transmitting coil, emitter, main frame and reception
The part of coil four constitutes (system transmitter and main frame having are integrated machine).No matter using which kind of observation system, transmitting coil one
As use the square Loop source of multiturn.It is usually first to calculate APPARENT RESISTIVITY (to be converted to magnetic field intensity in terms of data processing
Apparent resistivity), time and depth transfer (depth will be converted in the sampling time) is then carried out, is finally released into diagram.
Above tradition Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method have as a drawback that:
(1) poor anti jamming capability, underground for probing measuring tool has interference source complicated (including industrial electro, rail, anchor pole, development machine etc.)
The characteristics of;The square Loop source of multiturn is easily influenceed by interference source near coil, and this can reduce detection accuracy and resolution ratio.
(2) transmitting coil and receiving coil mutual inductance are stronger, and this can increase the turn-off time of instrument, cause 20m or so spy
Survey blind area.
(3) transmitting coil is relatively large sized, limits the application in narrow and small lane space.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Mine transient electromagnetic based on U-shaped helical source and visited
Apparatus and method are surveyed, condition is detected to adapt to the underground that interference source is complicated and space exploration is narrow and small, and reduce detection blind area, are improved
Data processing precision and resolution ratio.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:A kind of mine transient electrical based on U-shaped helical source
Magnetic indicator loop, including transmitting coil, emitter, main frame and receiving coil;The transmitting coil is connected with emitter, emitter
It is connected with receiving coil with main frame;The transmitting coil provided with non-conductive U-bracket and power supply electric wire, the power supply electric wire with
The close mode around helical is wrapped on U-bracket, and the starting point for electric wire of powering is in one end of U-bracket, and terminal is in the another of U-bracket
One end, two ends respectively reserve 2-3m connecting lines and are connected with emitter.
Described U-bracket is made up of two straight tubes and a semicircle bend pipe, is passed through between straight tube and semicircle bend pipe
Hickey is connected.
Described two straight tube sizes are identical, and semicircle bend pipe external diameter is consistent with straight tube external diameter.
The external diameter of the straight tube is 160mm-320mm, length 0.5m-2m;The semicircle bend pipe external diameter 160mm-
320mm, half diameter of a circle 0.5m-2m.
The U-bracket is made by electrically non-conductive material PVC.
The transmitting coil is connected by electric wire of powering with emitter, and emitter and receiving coil pass through signal wire and main frame
Connection.
The transmitting coil and receiving coil interval 1-5m.
Outside emitter and main frame the range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m.
The emitter, main frame, receiving coil and signal connecting line and the square Loop source transient electromagnetic detecting of traditional multiturn
Device is identical.
Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine method based on U-shaped helical source:
1) survey line is arranged, detection starting point, final position are determined in tunnel, along survey line in tunnel lateral wall chalk or paint
Mark is put on every 5m or 10m;
2) instrument is assembled, transmitting coil is connected by electric wire of powering with emitter, emitter and receiving coil are passed through
Signal wire is connected with main frame;Transmitting coil is set to keep interval 1-5m with receiving coil;Make emitter and main frame range transmission coil
Outside receiving coil 1m;
3) data acquisition, during collection, whole detection device is first placed in the progress of survey line start position as an entirety
Data acquisition;Then, according to the mark for being marked on tunnel lateral wall, a data acquisition is carried out every 5m or 10m, until survey line
Terminal;
4) data processing, is given below APPARENT RESISTIVITY of t (i) the sampling time points based on binary search algorithm and calculates step
Suddenly:
4.1) the initial interval [ρ of binary search is givena,ρb], minimum relative error εmin;
4.2) medium resistance rate ρ is calculatedi=(ρa+ρb)/2, bring half space Forward Formula B intozm(i)=f [ρi, t (i)] and meter
Calculate the theoretical magnetic induction density B corresponding to medium resistance ratezm(i);
4.3) calculating observation value Bz(i) with theoretical value Bzm(i) relative error ε between=| Bzm(i)-Bz(i)|/Bz(i);If ε
≤εmi, then ρiAs APPARENT RESISTIVITY, corresponds to depth DiCalculation formula is
Wherein μ0=4 π × 10-7N/A2For space permeability, α=0.3 is total space coefficient, the 0th sampling time point t (0)=0, meter
Terminate;Otherwise, next step is carried out;
If 4.4) Bz(i) > Bzm(i) then ρb=ρi, otherwise ρa=ρi;Return to step 2) continue executing with.
Half space Forward Formula in step 4.2 refers to document (Li Jinming, earth electric field and electrical prospecting [M], Beijing:
Geology Publishing House, 2005), it will not be described in further detail herein.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that as follows with effect:
(1) present invention transform the square Loop source of traditional multiturn as U-shaped helical source, reduces transmitting coil interference source nearby
Interference to primary field, so as to improve the quality of data, improves detection accuracy and resolution ratio;(2) it is of the invention by traditional multiturn
Square Loop source transform U-shaped helical source as, reduces the mutual inductance between transmitting coil and receiving coil, that is, when reducing shut-off
Between, reduce detection blind area;(3) present invention transform the square Loop source of traditional multiturn as U-shaped helical source, reduces transmitting coil
Size, more adapt to the narrow and small lane space in underground;(4) using the computational methods in the present invention, result of calculation is more accurate;
(5) present invention is simple in construction is easily achieved, it is easy to form the square Loop source transient electromagnetic detection device transformation of traditional multiturn.
Brief description of the drawings
Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine devices of the Fig. 1 based on the square Loop source of multiturn;
Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine devices of the Fig. 2 based on U-shaped helical source;
Fig. 3 U-shaped helicals source schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 U-bracket structural representations;
The square Loop source primary field schematic diagram of Fig. 5 multiturns;
Fig. 6 U-shaped helicals source primary field schematic diagram;
The measuring point measured data of Fig. 7 tunnels 6;
Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device measured data result maps of the Fig. 8 based on U-shaped helical source.
In figure, 1. transmitting coils, 1-1.U shape supports, 1-11. semicircle bend pipes, 1-12. straight tubes, 1-2. powers electric wire, 2.
Emitter, 3. main frames, 4. receiving coils.
Embodiment
Referring to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
In order to illustrate the antijamming capability and the effect in terms of the turn-off time is reduced of the present invention, The present invention gives tradition
The test comparison result of square Loop source detection device and the present invention.
The square Loop source of multiturn and U-shaped helical source parameter setting in embodiment:
The square Loop source of multiturn use length of side 2m square rack, power the long 512m of electric wire, by it is close around helical in the way of
It is wrapped on square rack, two ends respectively reserve 2.5m and are connected with emitter (with reference to accompanying drawing 1).
The U-bracket 1-1 in U-shaped helical source is made up of two straight tube 1-12 and a semicircle part of bend pipe 1-11 tri-, material
Material is PVC, is connected between straight tube 1-12 and semicircle bend pipe 1-13 by hickey;Two straight tube 1-12 sizes are identical,
External diameter 160mm, length 0.5m;Semicircle bend pipe 1-11 external diameters 160mm, half diameter of a circle 0.5m.
Power supply electric wire 1-2 is powered electric wire, length 512m using the square Loop source of original multiturn.Power electric wire 1-2 with it is close around
The mode of helical is wrapped on U-bracket 1-1, and power supply electric wire 1-2 starting point is in U-bracket 1-1 one end, and terminal is in U-shaped branch
The frame 1-2 other end, two ends respectively reserve 2.5m and are connected with emitter 2 (with reference to accompanying drawing 2,3 and 4).
Accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 6 are tied as can be seen that field distribution of the square Loop source of multiturn diverging turns off electricity of powering (see Fig. 5)
Stronger mutual inductance can be produced during stream in receiving coil (being typically placed near transmitting coil within 10m);U-shaped transmitting line source is once
Field is concentrated mainly in detection direction certain limit (see Fig. 6), and the mutual inductance produced during shut-off supply current in receiving coil is weak.
Test is carried out in the measuring point of certain tunnel 6, has a mine car at the 2m of measuring point rear.Fig. 7 is lower No. 6 surveys of mine car interference
Point measured data, abscissa is the sampling time, and ordinate is magnetic field intensity.Plus line is convention square loop line source detection number in figure
According to dotted line is U-shaped helical source detection data.As seen from Figure 7, (80 μ s) is significantly less than square loop line the U-shaped helical source turn-off time
Source turn-off time (240 μ s), U-shaped helical source detection data and curves are rounder and more smooth, illustrate that the quality of data of collection is more preferable, anti-interference
Ability is stronger.The magnetic field intensity gathered using U-shaped helical source is integrally less than square Loop source, is because U-shaped spiral shell ray emission magnetic
Square is less than square Loop source and launches magnetic moment, and this does not influence the accuracy of detection.
Embodiment 2
In order to illustrate the validity of the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method based on U-shaped helical source, the present invention is provided
Certain in-situ measurement result.
Certain seat earth rock stratum is mainly made up of sandstone, mud stone and limestone.Wherein limestone is Ordovician Limestone, away from
From seat earth average distance 40m, average thickness 42m, the Karst-fissure water in Ordovician Limestone is main water filling source.For
Roadway floor stratum geology and hydrogeologic condition are found out, hidden water dezaster is eliminated, has carried out underground transient electromagnetic detecting.This
Detection is using the Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine apparatus and method of the invention based on U-shaped helical source.This detection is arranged as needed
The survey line of 100m length, spacing 10m sets measuring point, and the data of 11 measuring points are acquired altogether.
Fig. 8 is the survey line that abscissa is 100m in the result map in obtained 120m depth boundses, figure after data processing, is indulged
Coordinate is investigation depth, and the depth of section color represents the size of resistivity, and color is deeper, and to represent apparent resistivity lower.In figure
There is a low resistance abnormity area (scope is drawn a circle to approve in figure) at pile No. 51-60m, depth 50-80m, apparent resistivity is less than 3 Ω m, thus it is speculated that be
Ordovician limestone karst crack water aquifer.Drilling verification afterwards, results of drilling is consistent with result of detection.
Embodiment 3
Data processing method is demonstrated by taking the data processing of No. 6 measuring points (at pile No. 60m) in embodiment 2 as an example.
After the completion of data acquisition, when No. 6 measuring point (at pile No. 60m) initial data are shown in Table the sampling of 1, including 30 time gates
Between and field strength values.The apparent resistivity and depth of first sampled point are calculated first, and calculating process is as follows:
(1) the initial interval [ρ of binary search is givena=1 Ω m, ρb=500 Ω m], minimum relative error εmin=
0.01。
(2) medium resistance rate ρ is calculated1=(ρa+ρb)/2=250.5 Ω m, bring half space Forward Formula B intozm(i)=f
[ρi, t () i] calculate medium resistance rate corresponding to theoretical magnetic induction density Bzm(i)=1.5e-013T.
(3) calculating observation value Bz(i)=6.7e-012T and theoretical value Bzm(i) the relative error ε between=1.5e-013T
=0.98, because ε > εmin, into next step.
(4) because Bz(i) > Bzm(i), so ρb=ρ1=250.5 Ω m.Return to step (2) is continued executing with.
(5) by 10 iterative calculation of step (2)~(4), ρ1=20.0 Ω m, ε=0.0069, now ε≤εmin,
So ρ1=20.0 Ω m are the APPARENT RESISTIVITY of the 1st sampled point, calculate correspondence depth and obtain D1=4.41m.
It is above the 1st sampled point apparent resistivity and the calculating process of depth.Same step, can calculate obtain No. 6 successively
The apparent resistivity and depth (being shown in Table 2) of all 30 sampled points of measuring point.
Detection checking is eventually passed, device of the invention and precision of method are high, the result and result of detection calculated
It is completely the same.
No. 6 measuring point original observed datas in the embodiment 2 of table 1
i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
t(i)/s | 6.8e-06 | 8.6e-06 | 1.1e-05 | 1.4e-05 | 1.8e-05 | 2.2e-05 | 2.9e-05 | 3.6e-05 | 4.6e-05 | 5.8e-05 |
Bz(i)/T | 6.7e-012 | 4.6e-012 | 3.3e-012 | 2.3e-012 | 1.7e-012 | 1.3e-012 | 9.2e-013 | 6.7e-013 | 5.2e-013 | 3.98e-013 |
i | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
t(i)/s | 7.4e-05 | 9.4e-05 | 0.00012 | 0.00015 | 0.00019 | 0.00025 | 0.00031 | 0.00040 | 0.00050 | 0.00064 |
Bz(i)/T | 2.9e-013 | 2.2e-013 | 1.6e-013 | 1.3e-013 | 1.1e-013 | 8.7e-014 | 7.3e-014 | 6.1e-014 | 4.9e-014 | 4.0e-014 |
i | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
t(i)/s | 0.00081 | 0.00103 | 0.00131 | 0.00166 | 0.00211 | 0.00268 | 0.00341 | 0.00432 | 0.00549 | 0.00698 |
Bz(i)/T | 3.1e-014 | 2.3e-014 | 1.7e-014 | 1.2e-014 | 8.3e-015 | 5.7e-015 | 3.8e-015 | 2.5e-015 | 1.7e-015 | 1.1e-015 |
No. 6 measuring point data results in the embodiment 2 of table 2
i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Di/m | 4.41 | 5.5 | 6.67 | 8.04 | 10.12 | 12.39 | 14.85 | 17.53 | 20.45 | 23.68 |
ρi/Ω·m | 20.00 | 19.76 | 19.52 | 18.54 | 18.06 | 17.08 | 15.62 | 14.64 | 13.67 | 13.18 |
i | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
Di/m | 27.19 | 30.97 | 34.96 | 38.97 | 42.89 | 46.72 | 50.59 | 54.57 | 58.86 | 63.70 |
ρi/Ω·m | 12.21 | 11.23 | 9.77 | 7.82 | 5.87 | 4.41 | 3.56 | 2.95 | 2.71 | 2.71 |
i | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
Di/m | 69.39 | 76.07 | 84.40 | 94.90 | 107.86 | 124.71 | 145.94 | 172.14 | 202.87 | 240.06 |
ρi/Ω·m | 2.95 | 3.19 | 3.92 | 4.90 | 5.87 | 7.82 | 9.77 | 11.72 | 12.70 | 14.64 |
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source, including transmitting coil, emitter, main frame and reception
Coil;The transmitting coil is connected with emitter, and emitter and receiving coil are connected with main frame;Characterized in that, the hair
Ray circle provided with non-conductive U-bracket and power supply electric wire, the power supply electric wire by it is close around helical in the way of be wrapped in U-bracket
On, the starting point for electric wire of powering is in one end of U-bracket, and terminal is in the other end of U-bracket, and two ends respectively reserve 2-3m connecting lines
It is connected with emitter;Described U-bracket is made up of two straight tubes and a semicircle bend pipe, between straight tube and semicircle bend pipe
Connected by hickey;The U-bracket is made by electrically non-conductive material PVC.
2. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described two straight tube sizes are identical, and semicircle bend pipe external diameter is consistent with straight tube external diameter.
3. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The external diameter of the straight tube is 160mm-320mm, length 0.5m-2m;The semicircle bend pipe external diameter 160mm-320mm, semicircle
Diameter 0.5m-2m.
4. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The transmitting coil is connected by electric wire of powering with emitter, and emitter and receiving coil are connected by signal wire with main frame.
5. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The transmitting coil and receiving coil interval 1-5m.
6. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Method in Mine device based on U-shaped helical source according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Outside emitter and main frame the range transmission coil and receiving coil 1m.
7. usage right requires a kind of mine based on U-shaped helical source of the detection device described in 1~6 any one claim
Transient electromagnetic detecting method, it is characterised in that:The detection method is concretely comprised the following steps:
1) arrange survey line, in tunnel determine detection starting point, final position, along survey line tunnel lateral wall chalk or paint every
5m or 10m put on mark;
2) instrument is assembled, transmitting coil is connected by electric wire of powering with emitter, emitter and receiving coil are passed through into signal
Line is connected with main frame;Transmitting coil is set to keep interval 1-5m with receiving coil;Make emitter and main frame range transmission coil and connect
Outside take-up circle 1m;
3) data acquisition, during collection, whole detection device is first placed in survey line start position and carried out once as an entirety
Data acquisition;Then, according to the mark for being marked on tunnel lateral wall, a data acquisition is carried out every 5m or 10m, until survey line is whole
Point;
4) data processing, is given below APPARENT RESISTIVITY calculation procedure of t (i) the sampling time points based on binary search algorithm:
4.1) the initial interval [ρ of binary search is givena,ρb], minimum relative error εmin;
4.2) medium resistance rate ρ is calculatedi=(ρa+ρb)/2, bring half space Forward Formula B intozm(i)=f [ρi, t (i)] calculate in
It is worth the theoretical magnetic induction density B corresponding to resistivityzm(i);
4.3) calculating observation value Bz(i) with theoretical value Bzm(i) relative error ε between=| Bzm(i)-Bz(i)|/Bz(i);If ε≤
εmin, then ρiAs APPARENT RESISTIVITY, corresponds to depth DiCalculation formula is
Wherein μ 0=4 π × 10-7N/A2For space permeability, α=0.3 is total space coefficient, the 0th sampling time point t (0)=0, meter
Terminate;Otherwise, next step is carried out;
If 4.4) Bz(i) > Bzm(i) then ρb=ρi, otherwise ρa=ρi;Return to step 4.2) continue executing with;
ρ described aboveαFor the minimum specific resistance value of binary search interval, ρbFor the maximum resistance of binary search interval
Rate value, i counts for the sampling time.
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CN114089426B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-11-10 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Improved U-shaped spiral source transient electromagnetic full-space directional detection method |
CN113608267A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-11-05 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Double-circuit zero-flux transient electromagnetic detection device |
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