CN105549067B - Device and method for detecting geological defects of pile hole base through sound wave reflection - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting geological defects of pile hole base through sound wave reflection Download PDFInfo
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- CN105549067B CN105549067B CN201510894000.5A CN201510894000A CN105549067B CN 105549067 B CN105549067 B CN 105549067B CN 201510894000 A CN201510894000 A CN 201510894000A CN 105549067 B CN105549067 B CN 105549067B
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting geological defects of a pile hole substrate by sound wave reflection, wherein the device comprises a sound wave transmitting and receiving terminal, a sound wave detector, a sound wave receiving cable and a sound wave transmitting cable; the sound wave transmitting and receiving terminal consists of a bottom plate, a sound wave receiver and a sound wave emitter, wherein a hollow groove is formed in the bottom plate, at least 1 sound wave receiver and 1 sound wave emitter are distributed in the hollow groove, the sound wave receiver is connected with the sound wave detector through a sound wave receiving cable, and the sound wave emitter is connected with the sound wave detector through a sound wave transmitting cable; the method comprises the steps of connecting the device, adjusting the length of the bottom plate, detecting the pile hole substrate, performing acoustic reflection offset imaging processing and interpreting an acoustic reflection synthetic structure diagram. The invention is suitable for manual hole digging and mechanical hole forming filled with muddy water, and solves the problems of safety construction of personnel and incapability of detecting mechanical pile holes because the mechanical pile holes are filled with water.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of technical fields of engineer geological prospecting, are related to a kind of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate geology
The device and method of defect.
Background technique
Foundation pile is the primary structure of building foundation, during foundation pile construction, after pore digging, before concrete casting, is needed
The a certain range of Geological Defects in stake holes bottom are detected, to confirm that base stratum meets design requirement.The method of current detection
The main pricker manually soundd out using drill steel visits method, also has and is detected using geological radar method.The shortcomings that both methods
It is to be only applicable to artificial digging pile, it is impossible to be used in the mechanical hole building stake full of muddy water, currently, due to the construction work of artificial digging pile
The disadvantages such as that there are security risks is big for skill, working efficiency is low, are gradually prohibited, are constructed and are replaced with mechanical hole building substantially.Machinery at
Generally there are stake holes after pore-forming to be full of muddy water for hole construction, and personnel is forbidden to enter in stake holes, and the antenna of geological radar is non-watertight
, water-filled stake holes bottom can not be put into and detected.
Chinese patent prospectus CN102955174A discloses a kind of GPR detection base pile hole bottom Geological Defects
Method and device, which includes geological radar instrument and to be equipped with frequency be 270Mhz radar antenna, and radar antenna passes through radar
Antenna connecting cable is connect with the geological radar instrument, and is equipped with the folding and unfolding of antenna hoisting rope and pulley for radar.The present invention
Using advanced geological radar CAVE DETECTION technology, the design feature of base pile hole is made full use of, stake holes bottom and stake week can be detected
Solution cavity within the scope of 10 meters, detection range is big, work on the spot efficiency is high, detection solution cavity is intuitive, avoids and mechanically or manually punches
Work, can detect a bottom in all directions and stake holes enters the presence of solution cavity, buried depth and range in rock depth bounds, be engineering Under Pile
Hole, which is checked and accepted, provides a kind of effectively and rapidly new method.But before using the method detection, it need to confirm that foundation pile bore dia is not less than
100cm, check a bottom whether ponding, soil, and remove to meeting the requirements, while meeting stake mouth bottom ponding depth 5-10cm.When
When need to detect stake holes product full water, then it can not be detected with this method.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of device of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects, the dress
It sets and is measured suitable for the stake holes in any aperture, this Acoustic Reflection Method is applicable not only to artificial digging pile, can be used for full of water
Mechanical hole building stake, to solve the construction technology of artificial digging pile, that there are security risks is big, working efficiency is low, mechanical hole building
Generally there are stake holes after pore-forming to be full of muddy water for construction, overcomes and personnel is forbidden to enter in stake holes and undetectable deficiency.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of device of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects, including sound wave transmitter and receiver, sonic detection
Instrument, acoustic receiver cable and sound wave firing cable line；Sound wave transmitter and receiver is by bottom plate, acoustic receiver and sound wave
Transmitter forms, and is provided with hollow groove on bottom plate, 1 acoustic receiver and 1 pinger are at least laid in hollow groove,
Acoustic receiver is connected by acoustic receiver cable with sonic wave detector, and pinger passes through sound wave firing cable line harmony
The connection of wave detector.
The acoustic receiver cable and sound wave firing cable line are all made of multi-core cable wire.
The bottom plate is made of rubber strip.
The hollow groove both ends are pinger.
The acoustic receiver is equidistantly arranged between pinger.
A kind of method of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) attachment device: acoustic receiver is connected by acoustic receiver connecting line with sonic wave detector, pinger
Emit connecting line by sound wave to connect with sonic wave detector, arranges that acoustic receiver and pinger are at least each in hollow groove
1, it is respectively used to the reception and transmitting of sound wave；
(2) adjust the length of bottom plate: the length for adjusting bottom plate is consistent with stake holes diameter；
(3) stake holes substrate detects: according to detection demand, setting detection number and orientation preselect some orientation and are detected,
First the pinger in triggering sound wave transmitter and receiver emits sound wave, then receives stake holes substrate by acoustic receiver and be reflected back
The sound wave come reflects signal, and sound wave reflection signal is transmitted to computer；
(4) sound wave reflection migrating imaging: line displacement imaging is reflected into sound wave by computer, restores substrate
The true layer position on the stratum of existing defects；
(5) sound wave reflection composite structure diagram is translated: after reflecting into line displacement imaging to sound wave by computer, being generated
Sound wave reflects composite structure figure, according to sound wave reflect in composite structure figure with the presence or absence of the variation of back wave axis development length in the same direction come
Stake holes substrate is determined with the presence or absence of Geological Defects, back wave axis development length variation in the same direction, then show that stake holes substrate is deposited if it exists
In Geological Defects, need to depth to Geological Defects and range calculate, back wave axis development length variation in the same direction if it does not exist,
Then showing stake holes substrate, there is no Geological Defects；
Sound wave reflection migrating imaging in the step (4) is to reflect into line displacement to sound wave according to snell law
Playback imaging.
The calculating of Geological Defects depth and range in the step (5), Geological Defects depth h are calculated by formula h=vt/2
It acquires, wherein t is to be emitted using sound wave from transmitter, the time used when being received after reflection by receiver；V is that sound wave exists
Spread speed v in known rock mass；Geological Defects range then extends the length of variation by back wave axis in the same direction to determine.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Compared with prior art, the method for the present invention and device improve detection working efficiency, and the single pile detection time is 2
Hour or so, due to making bottom plate using rubber strip, sound wave transmitter and receiver can change length, institute according to stake holes pore size
It is suitable for the detection in any stake holes aperture with apparatus of the present invention, is not limited by artificial and mechanical execution mode, improves exploration essence
Degree, pricker visit the feeling that method relies on people, be easy to cause missing inspection and erroneous judgement, and this method realizes full stake bottom, big depth (up to 20 meters)
Detection, part instrument is only put into a bottom when detection, is not related to personnel and goes into the well, prevented personal injury.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structure of the detecting device schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of sound wave transmitter and receiver in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the artwork of sound wave transmitter and receiver in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is single section sound wave reflection composite structure schematic diagram of the invention；
The label in accompanying drawing is: 1- sound wave transmitter and receiver, 2- sound wave reflection raypaths, 3- acoustic receiver cable
Line, 4- sound wave firing cable line, 5- sonic wave detector, 6- stake holes, 7- bottom plate, 8- hollow groove, 9- acoustic receiver, 10- sound wave
Transmitter, detection orientation, 12- detect orientation, 13- third time detection orientation, the 4th detection side 14- to 11- for the second time for the first time
Position.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing, but claimed range is not limited to institute
It states.
It as shown in Figures 1 to 4, should the present invention provides the device that a kind of sound wave reflects detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects
Device is equipped with sonic wave detector 5, sound wave transmitter and receiver 1, acoustic receiver cable 9 and sound wave firing cable line 10, sound wave
Detector 5 is connect with the sound wave in sound wave transmitter and receiver 1 respectively by acoustic receiver cable 3 and sound wave firing cable line 4
It receives device 9 and pinger 10 connects.The operation principle of the present invention is that emitting sound wave by pinger, after the reflection of substrate 7
Its sound wave reflection raypaths 2 by reflected acoustic wave as shown in Figure 1, be received by the receiver.Sound wave transmitter and receiver 1 includes bottom
Plate 7, hollow groove 8, acoustic receiver 9 and pinger 10, acoustic receiver 9 and pinger 10 are laid in hollow groove 8
Interior, bottom plate is made of rubber strip, can change length according to detection 6 diameter of stake holes, and 8 both ends of hollow groove are pinger
10, acoustic receiver 9 is equidistantly arranged between pinger 10.Fig. 3 illustrates sound wave transmitter and receiver 1 in stake holes 6
Detection 4 times is preset in the detection orientation and number artwork of substrate, and detection orientation is respectively north and south, thing, the southeast-northwest and east
North-south west.Detection orientation 11 is that north-south rotates clockwise 360 °/4, i.e., 90 ° to second after completing one-time detection for the first time
Secondary 12 Dong Bei-Nan Xi of detection orientation is to being detected, later to detect 13 East and West direction of orientation and the 4th detection orientation for the third time
14 southeast-north-westward, detection method in all directions are identical.Fig. 4 is life after carrying out migration imaging processing to sound wave by computer
Composite structure figure is reflected at north-south list section sound wave, by whether there is back wave axis development length in the same direction in observation structure figure
Variation, it may be determined that 6 substrate of stake holes whether there is Geological Defects.Indicate that there are back wave axis development lengths in the same direction in Fig. 4 at delineation
Variation, i.e., there are Geological Defects for 6 substrate of stake holes, then calculably the depth and range of matter defect, Geological Defects depth h are used
The spread speed v of sound wave reflection interval t and sound wave in known rock mass is acquired, Geological Defects by formula h=vt/2 calculating
Range extends variation length by back wave axis in the same direction to determine.
Migration imaging processing: due to the pinger 10 at the sub 1 bottom plate both ends of sound wave transmitter and receiver, sound can only be emitted
Wave, the acoustic receiver 9 between the transmitter of both ends can only receive sound wave, so acoustic receiver point is relative to sound wave launch point
Offset is produced, so needing to carry out offset correction.The incidence and reflection of sound wave are two arms of angle using normal as bisector, relatively
It is a kind of offset in vertical incidence and reflection, the determining reflecting interface of such reflection is deformation, right according to snell law
The sound wave of offset, which is reflected through two-dimensional migration playback imaging, makes deformation for sound wave reflection processing to vertical or positive reflection
Reflecting interface playback, to achieve the purpose that restore the stratum true layer position of substrate existing defects.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) attachment device: acoustic receiver 9 is connected by acoustic receiver cable 3 and sonic wave detector 5, sound wave hair
Emitter 10 is connected by sound wave firing cable line 4 and sonic wave detector 5, and acoustic receiver 9 and sound wave hair are arranged in hollow groove 8
Emitter 10 is 1 at least each, is respectively used to the reception and transmitting of sound wave；
(2) adjust 7 length of bottom plate: the length of adjustment bottom plate 7 is consistent with 6 diameter of stake holes；
(3) detect 6 substrate of stake holes: according to detection demand, setting detection number and orientation preselect some orientation and are examined
It surveys, first triggers the pinger 10 in sound wave transmitter and receiver 1 and emit sound wave, then 6 base of stake holes is received by acoustic receiver 9
The reflected sound wave in bottom reflects signal, and sound wave reflection signal is transmitted to computer；
(4) sound wave reflection migrating imaging: line displacement imaging is reflected into sound wave by computer, restores substrate
The true layer position on the stratum of existing defects；
(5) sound wave reflection composite structure diagram is translated: after reflecting into line displacement imaging to sound wave by computer, being generated
Sound wave reflects composite structure figure, according to sound wave reflect in composite structure figure with the presence or absence of the variation of back wave axis development length in the same direction come
6 substrate of stake holes is determined with the presence or absence of Geological Defects, back wave axis development length variation in the same direction, then show 6 substrate of stake holes if it exists
There are Geological Defects, need to depth to Geological Defects and range calculate, back wave axis development length in the same direction becomes if it does not exist
Change, then showing 6 substrate of stake holes, there is no Geological Defects；
Sound wave reflection migrating imaging in the step (4) is to reflect into line displacement to sound wave according to snell law
Playback imaging.
The calculating of Geological Defects depth and range in the step (5), Geological Defects depth h are calculated by formula h=vt/2
It acquires, wherein t is to be emitted using sound wave from transmitter, the time used when being received after reflection by receiver；V is that sound wave exists
Spread speed v in known rock mass；Geological Defects range then extends the length of variation by back wave axis in the same direction to determine.
To realize above-mentioned detection method, the present invention provides the dresses that a kind of sound wave reflects inspection side stake holes substrate Geological Defects
It sets, including sound wave transmitter and receiver 1, sonic wave detector 5, acoustic receiver cable 3 and sound wave firing cable line 4；The sound
Wave transmitter and receiver 1 is made of bottom plate 7, acoustic receiver 9 and pinger 10, and hollow groove 8 is provided on bottom plate 7, in
1 acoustic receiver 9 and 1 pinger 10 is at least laid in empty slot 8, acoustic receiver 9 passes through acoustic receiver cable
Line 3 and sonic wave detector 5 connect, and pinger 10 is connected by sound wave firing cable line 4 and sonic wave detector 5.
The acoustic receiver cable 3 and sound wave firing cable line 4 are all made of multi-core cable wire.
The bottom plate 7 is made of rubber strip.
8 both ends of hollow groove are pinger 10.
The acoustic receiver 9 is equidistantly arranged between pinger 10.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects, it is characterised in that: including sound wave transmitter and receiver
(1), sonic wave detector (5), acoustic receiver cable (3) and sound wave firing cable line (4)；Sound wave transmitter and receiver
(1) it is made of, is provided on bottom plate (7) hollow groove (8) bottom plate (7), acoustic receiver (9) and pinger (10), it is hollow
1 acoustic receiver (9) and 1 pinger (10) are at least laid in slot (8), acoustic receiver (9) is connect by sound wave
Cable (3) and sonic wave detector (5) connection are received, pinger (10) passes through sound wave firing cable line (4) and sonic detection
Instrument (5) connection；The acoustic receiver cable (3) and sound wave firing cable line (4) are all made of multi-core cable wire；The hollow groove
(8) both ends are pinger (10)；The acoustic receiver (9) is equidistantly arranged between pinger (10)；It is examined
It is as follows to survey method and step:
1. attachment device: acoustic receiver (9) being connected by acoustic receiver cable (3) and sonic wave detector (5), sound wave hair
Emitter (10) is connected by sound wave firing cable line (4) and sonic wave detector (5), and acoustic receiver is arranged in hollow groove (8)
(9) and pinger (10) is 1 at least each, is respectively used to the reception and transmitting of sound wave；
2. adjusting the length of bottom plate: the length of adjustment bottom plate (7) is consistent with stake holes (6) diameter；
3. detecting stake holes substrate: according to detection demand, setting detection number and orientation preselect some orientation and are detected, first touched
Pinger (10) in sounding wave transmitter and receiver (1) emits sound wave, then receives stake holes (6) by acoustic receiver (9)
The reflected sound wave of substrate reflects signal, and sound wave reflection signal is transmitted to computer；
4. sound wave reflection migrating imaging: reflecting into line displacement imaging to sound wave by computer, reduction substrate exists
The true layer position on the stratum of defect；
5. sound wave reflection composite structure diagram is translated: after reflecting into line displacement imaging to sound wave by computer, generating sound wave
Composite structure figure is reflected, is reflected in composite structure figure according to sound wave and whether there is back wave axis development length variation in the same direction to determine
Stake holes (6) substrate whether there is Geological Defects, and back wave axis development length variation in the same direction, then show stake holes (6) substrate if it exists
There are Geological Defects, need to depth to Geological Defects and range calculate, back wave axis development length in the same direction becomes if it does not exist
Change, then showing stake holes (6) substrate, there is no Geological Defects；
The step 5. in Geological Defects depth and range calculating, Geological Defects depth h acquires by formula h=vt/2 calculating,
Wherein, t is that sound wave emits from transmitter, the time used when being received after reflection by receiver；V is that sound wave is situated between in known rock mass
Spread speed in matter；Geological Defects range then extends the length of variation by back wave axis in the same direction to determine.
2. a kind of method of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Bottom plate (7) is stated to be made of rubber strip.
3. a kind of method of sound wave reflection detection stake holes substrate Geological Defects according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Step 4. middle sound wave reflection migrating imaging is stated, is to be reflected at line displacement playback imaging according to snell law to sound wave
Reason.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510894000.5A CN105549067B (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2015-11-27 | Device and method for detecting geological defects of pile hole base through sound wave reflection |
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| CN105549067B true CN105549067B (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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| CN201909776U (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-07-27 | 浙江大学 | Ultrasonic test device for bottom sediment performance of cast-in-site pile |
| CN102955174A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-03-06 | 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院 | Method and device for detecting geological flaws at bottom of foundation pile holes through geological radar |
| CN103255756A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-21 | 中冶交通工程技术有限公司 | Method using geological radar for surveying pile foundation cave |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH04182594A (en) * | 1990-11-16 | 1992-06-30 | Koden Electron Co Ltd | Side wall measuring method and device thereof |
| KR20130005199U (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-02 | 미승씨엔에스검사주식회사 | Nondestructive inspecting apparatus of inner defect of concret structure using ultrasonic |
| CN104101896B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-01-18 | 武汉长盛工程检测技术开发有限公司 | Pile bottom cave sonar detection device and method |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201909776U (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-07-27 | 浙江大学 | Ultrasonic test device for bottom sediment performance of cast-in-site pile |
| CN102955174A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-03-06 | 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院 | Method and device for detecting geological flaws at bottom of foundation pile holes through geological radar |
| CN103255756A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-21 | 中冶交通工程技术有限公司 | Method using geological radar for surveying pile foundation cave |
| CN104698087A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-10 | 河海大学常州校区 | Prestressed duct slurry stripping degree detecting device and method based on recursive singular entropy |
| CN204754918U (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 武汉中岩科技有限公司 | Pore -forming grooving detection device |
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