CN105548823A - Partial discharge decomposition simulation experiment method of direct current gas insulation electrical device - Google Patents
Partial discharge decomposition simulation experiment method of direct current gas insulation electrical device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105548823A CN105548823A CN201510870325.XA CN201510870325A CN105548823A CN 105548823 A CN105548823 A CN 105548823A CN 201510870325 A CN201510870325 A CN 201510870325A CN 105548823 A CN105548823 A CN 105548823A
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- steel cylinder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of on-line monitoring technology of the insulation state of a sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas insulation electrical device, and specifically relates to a partial discharge decomposition simulation experiment method of a direct current gas insulation electrical device. The method mainly comprises a SF6 direct current PD decomposition experiment method and methods of pulse current detection and collection and analysis testing of discharge decomposition gas, etc. The method provided by the invention is simple, easy to grasp and convenient for popularization, is widely applicable to the simulation and monitoring of a SF6 gas insulation electrical device direct current PD, and provides a scientific and effective method for insulation state monitoring of a direct current gas insulation electrical device and the SP6 PD decomposition test and decomposition mechanism research.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sulfur hexafluoride (SF
6) the state of insulation on-line monitoring technique field of gas insulated electric apparatus, be specifically related to a kind of DC gas insulated local discharge of electrical equipment and decompose analogue experiment method.
Background technology
Due to sulfur hexafluoride (SF
6) there is excellent insulation and arc extinction performance, make with SF
6as the SF of insulating medium
6gas insulated electric apparatus has that dielectric strength is high, reliability is high, floor area is little and the advantage such as maintenance workload is little, is thus more and more widely used in high pressure and ultra-high/extra-high voltage power transmission and transformation field.But SF
6gas insulated electric apparatus cannot invariably there will be some insulation defects in manufacture, assembling and operational process, and these insulation defects can be deteriorated gradually in During Process of Long-term Operation, can cause device interior that PD, SF under PD effect occur when acquiring a certain degree
6gas can decompose, and and SF
6the impurity such as the micro-air unavoidably contained in gas and moisture, react and generate as SOF
2, SO
2f
2, SOF
4, SO
2, CF
4, CO
2, HF, H
2the products such as S, these products can aggravate the deterioration of insulation defect further, thus the integral insulation performance of equipment is reduced, and jeopardize the safe operation of equipment.Therefore, be extremely necessary SF
6the premature insulator situation of gas insulated electric apparatus is effectively assessed and early warning.
But, due to SF
6gas insulated electric apparatus is all-closed combined structure, therefore the execution of its localization of fault and service work to compare traditional opening-type equipment very difficult, and once have an accident, the interruption maintenance time can longer, power failure range also can be wider, thus also can bring larger economic loss.
SF
6pD mono-aspect that the insulation defect of gas insulated electric apparatus inside causes is the main cause that deterioration occurs in insulation, is also the characteristic quantity of reflection gas insulated electric apparatus built-in electrical insulation state on the other hand.Therefore, can to SF
6in gas insulated electric apparatus, PD launches on-line monitoring with the potential insulation defect of Timeliness coverage some of them.The method being used for detecting SF6 electrical equipment PD at present mainly contains pulse current method, supercritical ultrasonics technology, ultrahigh frequency method and SF6 decomposition components analytic approach etc.By various detection method, gas insulated electric apparatus inside PD is monitored, obtain the relation of characteristic quantity under various detection method and PD, extract the characteristic quantity that can characterize PD, improve SF
6resolution theory under PD, for realizing SF
6the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of gas insulated electric apparatus provides the theoretical foundation of science.So development SF
6the analogue means that gas insulated electric apparatus PD decomposes, for SF
6the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of gas insulated electric apparatus is to avoid large-scale blackout and to ensure that safe operation of power system has profound significance.
Domestic and international at SF at present
6under the research of gas insulated electric apparatus PD on-line monitoring mainly concentrates on AC conditions, existing SF
6the analogue experiment installation of gas insulated electric apparatus fault and method, as " sulfur hexafluoride discharge decomposition components analytic system and using method thereof " patent of the patent No. to be " the sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment state of insulation comprehensive estimation method " patent of ZL201010504048.8 and the patent No. be ZL2007100784930, all only for SF under AC conditions
6the simulation that gas insulated electric apparatus PD tests, only obtains SF
6pDSF under gas insulated electric apparatus AC conditions
6the experimental datas such as the decomposition components of gas and discharge waveform, can not carry out the simulated experiment of the PD under DC condition.Comprise direct current GIL about DC gas insulated electrical equipment in the world, the research of direct current GIS start from the sixties in 19th century, the seventies direct current GIL be just applied in worldwide.Along with the development of extra-high voltage direct-current transmission engineering, direct current SF
6gas insulated electric apparatus also will obtain applying more and more widely with its distinctive advantage in electric system.Thus SF under DC condition is studied
6the resolution characteristic of PD is for improving SF
6pD resolution theory has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing SF
6the deficiency of the fault simulation experimental provision of gas insulated electric apparatus, provides a kind of SF
6the analogue experiment method of gas insulated electric apparatus PD under DC condition, can under laboratory simulation DC condition SF
6pD in gas insulated electric apparatus under various different insulation defect model, obtaining the characteristic quantities such as the decomposed gas component of PD under different insulative defect model and content thereof, is direct current SF
6on-line monitoring and the Condition assessment of insulation of gas insulated electric apparatus lay experiment basis.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of DC gas insulated local discharge of electrical equipment decomposes analogue experiment method, it is characterized in that, specifically comprises:
The step of a Preparatory work of experiment: comprise
The sub-step of the sealing property of a placement insulation defect model and inspection gas discharge chamber:
First, connect each test unit according to hookup schematic diagram, ensure all testing equipment good earths; The ellipsoidal head ethanol opening the stainless steel cylinder body of gas discharge chamber carefully cleans stainless steel inboard wall of cylinder block and artificial defect model, and then the impurity in removal air chamber and dust install ellipsoidal head; These impurity and dust and the test last time residual decomposition thing that may be attached on inwall are avoided to affect test findings; Close sampling ball valve and the sample introduction ball valve of this device, open pressure vacuum gauge ball valve, then open the vacuum pump ball valve of this device,
Then, start the vacuum pump of this device, vacuumize in the stainless steel cylinder body of this device, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively, leave standstill the pressure vacuum gauge registration of observing this device after 10 ~ 12 hours again, when described pressure vacuum gauge registration remains on 0.005 ~ 0.012MPa, show that gas discharge chamber's sealing under vacuum conditions of this device is intact; Open the SF of this device again
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, till described stainless steel cylinder body internal gas pressure reaches 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa,
Finally, described SF is closed successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, observe pressure vacuum gauge registration again when leaving standstill 10 ~ 12, when pressure vacuum gauge registration remains on 0.295 ~ 0.5MPa, show that the sealing of described gas discharge chamber under barotropic state is intact;
The sub-step of a cleaning stainless steel cylinder body:
First, open described vacuum pump ball valve, the vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, closes described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively, then open described SF
6the valve of gas cylinder and sample introduction ball valve, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, until when described stainless steel cylinder body internal gas pressure value is 0.25 ~ 0.35MPa, then close described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, clean described stainless steel cylinder body,
Then, first vacuumize, then be filled with SF
6purge of gas, after so repeating flushing 2 ~ 5 times, vacuumizes described stainless steel cylinder body again, then leaves standstill 10 ~ 12h, makes the SF of attachment in stainless steel cylinder body
6the decomposition gas of gas and moisture fully gasify release,
Finally, first SF is filled with
6gas, then vacuumize, to be washed by the impurity of release of gasifying in standing process, ensure that in stainless steel cylinder body, foreign gas and inherent moisture content reduce to minimum;
One is filled with SF
6the sub-step of gas:
Open described SF
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, till air pressure is 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa, then closes described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve; Stablize a few hours, make SF
6evenly, gas is in steady state (SS) in diffusion;
A step of carrying out the simulation test that PD decomposes under DC condition: comprise
The sub-step of an inherent shortcoming test:
Before carrying out PD test, will test the intrinsic PD characteristic of device, time namely without analog insulation defect, under identical experimental enviroment, device itself does not produce the trial voltage threshold value of PD; The is completed (1) after step when not putting into analog insulation defect, Regulation Control platform is regulated slowly to raise trial voltage, examine the signal intensity on described digital storage oscilloscope, when there is fine discharge pulse signal, record the applied voltage on this timer, be the initial PD voltage that device is intrinsic, be designated as U
g; After obtaining the intrinsic initial PD voltage of auto levelizer, slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power; Then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve, vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively;
A sub-step of carrying out direct current PD test:
First open the quartz glass view window of the gas discharge chamber of this device, insulation defect a kind of helicitic texture with conducting rod is wherein connected and makes insulation defect within the range of observation of quartz glass view window, and regulate the distance between two electrodes; Then quartz glass is contained between plain flange, also fixes with the screw in compression that 8 ~ 15 screw diameters are 15mm with " O " shape rubber seal; Described stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned, then be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, applies voltage by method of progressively boosting to insulation defect model; Regulate Regulation Control platform, slowly raising trial voltage, examine the signal intensity on digital oscilloscope, when there is fine discharge pulse signal, recording the applied voltage on this timer, be the initial PD voltage of test, be designated as U
st; With the initial PD voltage U of test
stfor benchmark, 1.2U-is set
st, 1.3U
st, 1.4U
st, 1.5U
st, 1.6U
stfive trial voltage values are tested respectively; Should be noted that the trial voltage being applied to defect model should not exceed the intrinsic initial PD voltage U of device
g, otherwise the PD blurring that the PD signal produced by device inherent shortcoming can produce with insulation defect model, cause the PD of None-identified manual simulation defect; Slow adjustment Regulation Control platform raises trial voltage to 1.2U
st, at 1.2U
stvoltage under insulation defect carried out to the PD test of continuous 96 hours, gathered single test data every 12 hours; After continuous 96hPD has tested, obtain the one group data of a kind of insulation defect under a certain trial voltage, often organize data and comprise 8 sampled datas; Then slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power;
Then, pilot region is entered after use discharging rod effectively discharges to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve, vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in the stainless steel cylinder body of described gas discharge chamber, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively;
Then, more described stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned, in described stainless steel cylinder body, be filled with SF
6gas, slowly regulates Regulation Control platform to raise trial voltage to 1.3U
st, equally at 1.3U
stexperimental voltage under carry out the PD test of continuous 96 hours, gathered single test data every 12 hours; After continuous 96hPD has tested, slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power;
Then, pilot region is entered after use discharging rod effectively discharges to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve, vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively; Finally more described stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned, in described stainless steel cylinder body, be filled with SF
6gas, so that the test carrying out next time;
So repeat test, until obtain the 1.2U set
st, 1.3U
st, 1.4U
st, 1.5U
st, 1.6U-
stsF under five trial voltages
6the data of gas decomposition components and content thereof, last researchist is according to the various SF under record five kinds of trial voltages
6content in decomposed gas component, draws out SF
6gas decomposition components with the relation curve of discharge time, studies SF under different tests voltage
6the strength relationship of gas decomposition components content and rate of rise and PD, extracts the characteristic quantity that can characterize PD intensity, and in conjunction with the stability of each decomposition components, research SF
6the gas mechanism that PD decomposes under DC condition;
The sub-step that a pulse current detects:
Multiple process measuring circuit is adopted to measure PD pulsed current signal; The pulse voltage amplitude U recorded according to IEC60270 full sized pules current method and Apparent discharge magnitude Q is linear, by a shelf depreciation prover with in described gas discharge chamber insulation defect model in parallel, the known pulse signal of discharge capacity is produced at insulation defect electrode two ends, the crest value of impulse voltage U at described detection resistance two ends can be recorded by described digital storage oscilloscope, obtain the linear relationship of crest value of impulse voltage and Apparent discharge magnitude, thus calculate Apparent discharge magnitude Q according to the crest value of impulse voltage U that pulse current method records;
The collection of a discharge gas and the sub-step of detection:
In the continuous P D process of the test of 96 hours, after discharging 12 hours, first slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power, then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, opens described sampling ball valve, gather a discharge gas, close sampling ball valve; Then the trial voltage slowly regulating Regulation Control platform to bring the voltage up to the test of this group continues PD test; A discharge gas collection is repeated every 12 hours;
Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer described in utilization carries out qualitative and quantitative analysis to each discharge gas gathered, the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer that this device adopts is Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2010Ultra, and gas composition is 8um by thickness, and internal diameter is 0.32mm, and length is the special capillary column separation of 60m, is detected by MSD detecting device, this method adopts high-purity He of 99.999% as carrier gas, condition of work is: post case temperature mode is that constant temperature 35 DEG C keeps 7.5min, 10min is kept with the ramp to 105 of 70 DEG C/min DEG C, 3.5min is kept with the ramp to 250 of 100 DEG C/min DEG C, injector temperature is 220 DEG C, pressure flow hybrid control mode, pressure is 55kPa, total flow is 16.3mL/min, post flow is 1.21mL/min, linear velocity is 28cm/sec, purge flow rate is 3mL/min, split ratio is 10, ion source temperature is 200 DEG C, chromatographic mass spectrometry interface temperature is 220 DEG C, the solvent delay time is 0min, micro scanning width 0u, detector voltage 0kV, ionization mode is electricity bombardment ionization, acquisition mode is SIM quantitative test, sweep interval 0.3s, the method can realize SF
6decomposition components CF under PD
4, CO
2, SO
2f
2, SOF
2, H
2s, SO
2, CS
2etc. multiple gases effective separation and detect its concentration,
Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer described in utilization carries out quantitative test to the sample gas gathered must carry out quantitatively calibrating with calibrating gas to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, obtains the calibration curve of related component; This method adopts peak area external standard method to carry out quantitatively calibrating, and its quantitative correction formula is as follows:
In formula, A
i, A
s,ibe respectively the peak area of i-th group of component gas in sample, standard specimen; φ
i, φ
s,ibe respectively the volume fraction of i-th group of component gas in sample, standard specimen; K
iit is the Absolute Calibration factor of i-th group of component gas.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. the present invention can simulate SF
6there is the situation of PD in gas insulated electric apparatus, compensate for existing SF under DC condition
6the fault simulation experimental provision of gas insulated electric apparatus only can simulate the deficiency that PD occurs under AC conditions for it.Apparatus of the present invention are utilized to study SF
6the resolution characteristic of PD under DC condition, for improving SF
6resolution theory under PD, and direct current SF
6the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of gas insulated electric apparatus lays experiment basis; 2. direct current compression system of the present invention utilizes four high voltage silicon rectifier stacks to form bridge rectifier, re-use the flat ripple of filter capacitor that an electric capacity is enough large, the kV level high direct voltage that a ripple factor can be provided to meet DC high potential test national standard to gas discharge chamber, with accurate simulation direct current SF
6the real work voltage of gas insulated electric apparatus; 3. apparatus of the present invention are provided with four kinds of typical insulation defect models, cover SF
6metallic projections common in gas insulated electric apparatus reality, free metal particulate, insulator surface pollute, insulator air gap four kinds of insulation defects, and simulation accuracy is high; 4. the conducting rod in gas discharge indoor and insulation defect model electrode connecting link are set to helicitic texture in order to regulate the distance between electrode by apparatus of the present invention, realize electrode distance to SF
6pD decomposes the research of impact; 5. in apparatus of the present invention, gas composition detection system uses gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, can detect SO
2f
2, SOF
2, CO
2, CF
4, H
2s, SO
2deng SF
6the content of the various decomposition gas products of gas, detection sensitivity is high, and amount of samples is few, and selectivity is good, and accuracy of detection can reach ppmv level; 6. the structure of apparatus of the present invention is simple, and cost is low; Experimental technique of the present invention is simple, easily grasps, and is convenient to promote.The present invention can be widely used in SF
6the simulation of gas insulated electric apparatus PD under DC condition is SF
6the experimental study of gas insulated electric apparatus PD resolution characteristic and resolution theory under DC condition provides a kind of method of being simple and easy to and experiment porch.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hookup theory diagram of the device that the present invention utilizes.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the gas discharge chamber of the device that the present invention utilizes.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 a is the structural representation (metallic projections insulation defect model) of the insulation defect model of the device that the present invention utilizes.
Fig. 4 b is the structural representation (free metal particulate insulation defect model) of the insulation defect model of the device that the present invention utilizes.
Fig. 4 c is the structural representation (insulator metallic pollution insulation defect model) of the insulation defect model of the device that the present invention utilizes.
Fig. 4 d is the structural representation (insulator air-gap insulation defect model) of the insulation defect model of the device that the present invention utilizes.
Fig. 5 is the theory diagram of the pulse current method calibration circuit that the inventive method adopts.
Fig. 6 is the calibration curve of embodiment 1 pulse current method.
Fig. 7 is the total ion chromatogram (totalionchromatogram, TIC) of the compound sample gas that embodiment 1 utilizes this method to detect.
Fig. 8 is the calibrating gas allocation list of embodiment 1 for quantitatively calibrating gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer.
The calibrating gas that Fig. 9 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the CF of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
4calibration curve.
The calibrating gas that Figure 10 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the CO of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
2calibration curve.
The calibrating gas that Figure 11 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the SO of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
2f
2calibration curve.
The calibrating gas that Figure 12 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the SOF of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
2calibration curve.
The calibrating gas that Figure 13 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the H of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
2the calibration curve of S.
The calibrating gas that Figure 14 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the SO of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
2calibration curve.
The calibrating gas that Figure 15 utilizes table 1 to configure for embodiment 1 carries out the CS of quantitatively calibrating acquisition to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer
2calibration curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
In figure: 1, Regulation Control platform, 2, testing transformer, 3, protective resistance, 4, capacitive divider, 5, high voltage silicon rectifier stack rectifier bridge, 6, filter capacitor, 7, resitstance voltage divider, 8, isolation resistance, 9, gas discharge chamber, 10, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, 11, coupling capacitance, 12, detect impedance, 13, digital storage oscilloscope, 14, stainless steel cylinder body, 15, ellipsoidal head, 16, bushing, 17, high pressure guide rod, 18, flange, 19, screw, 20, pressure vacuum gauge ball valve, 21, pressure vacuum gauge, 22, vacuum pump ball valve, 23, vacuum pump, 24, sample introduction ball valve, 25, injection port, 26, feet, 27, ground connection conducting rod, 28, insulation defect, 29, sampling ball valve, 30, thief hatch, 31, quartz glass view window, 32, shelf depreciation prover.
First the concrete structure of the device that the present invention relates to is introduced:
As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of SF
6the analogue means of PD under gas insulated electric apparatus DC condition; primarily of direct current compression system, gas discharge chamber, detection system and four kinds of typical insulation defect model-composings, mainly comprise Regulation Control platform 1, testing transformer 2, protective resistance 3, capacitive divider 4, high-voltage rectification silicon stack 5, filter capacitor 6, resitstance voltage divider 7, isolation resistance 8, gas discharge chamber 9, four kind of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10, coupling capacitance 11, detection impedance 12, oscillograph 13 and insulation defect model (Fig. 4).
Direct current compression system is made up of Regulation Control platform 1, testing transformer 2, protective resistance 3, capacitive divider 4, high-voltage rectification silicon stack 5, filter capacitor 6, resitstance voltage divider 7 and isolation resistance 8.The input end of Regulation Control platform (capacity is 10kVA) 1 (commercial products) is electrically connected with the city of 220V/50Hz by wire, its output terminal (Regulation Control platform output voltage is 0 ~ 250V) is wired to testing transformer 2 (commercial products, input end 50kV/10kVA), the output terminal (high-pressure side) of testing transformer 2 connects protective resistance 3 (commercial products by wire, 20k Ω/0.5A) after capacitive divider 4 (commercial products described in parallel connection, 50kV/1000:1, precision is 1.0 grades), be used for the magnitude of voltage of Real-Time Monitoring testing transformer 2 output terminal.The two ends of capacitive divider 4 are attempted by by the high-voltage rectification silicon stack 5 (commercial products described in four, on two brachium pontis of rectifier bridge 2CL-100kV/1A) formed, high voltage silicon rectifier stack rectification bridge output end also connects a filter capacitor 6 (commercial products, 80kV/0.2 μ F), the output terminal of filter capacitor 6 is by wire contact resistance voltage divider 7 (commercial products, 50kV/1000:1, precision is 0.5 grade) input end, the high-pressure side of resitstance voltage divider 7 is connected in series an isolation resistance 8 (commercial products by wire, 20k Ω/0.5A) constitute direct current compression system.
The output terminal of direct current compression system is connected with gas discharge chamber 9 by wire, for be placed on gas discharge chamber 9 inside analog insulation defect model electrode occur PD time, provide the DC voltage that can regulate continuously to it.
Gas discharge chamber is formed primarily of stainless steel cylinder body 14, ellipsoidal head 15, bushing 16, high pressure guide rod 17, flange 18, screw 19, pressure vacuum gauge ball valve 20 and pressure vacuum gauge 21, vacuum pump ball valve 22 and vacuum pump 23, sample introduction ball valve 24 and injection port 25, feet 26, ground connection conducting rod 27, insulation defect 28, sampling ball valve 29, thief hatch 30 and quartz observing window 31.The shape of described stainless steel cylinder body 14 is internal diameter is 50cm, thickness is 1.0cm, be highly the right cylinder of 60cm, two ends adopt ellipsoidal head structure.Described stainless steel cylinder body 14 is the highest can bear 5 atmospheric pressure.The top seal of described stainless steel cylinder body 14 is ellipsoidal head 15 that can be for convenience detach, the described affixed diameter in stainless steel cylinder body 14 upper end open place be 55cm, thickness is the flange 18 of the stainless steel of 1.0cm, adopt rectangular seal slot fit " O " shape seal with elastometic washer structure, and to ensure the sealing of cylinder body on the flange using the screw 19 that 15 screw diameters are 15mm to provide the top cover 15 of the stainless steel that diameter is 55cm by enough snap-in forces, thickness is 1.2cm to be fixed on described stainless steel cylinder body 14.Arranging an aperture in described ellipsoidal head 15 center is the through hole of 20cm, described high pressure guide rod 17 and flange and the disposable through hole from top cover in package shape of described teflon bushing 16 are deep into cylinder interior, are sealed by the through hole of top cover by flange.Arrange the through hole of a 15mm at described stainless steel cylinder body bottom center place, ground connection conducting rod 27 is through this through hole and sealing is fixed on described stainless steel cylinder base.Described ground connection conducting rod 27 stretches out one end of cylinder body by copper braid ground connection, it stretches into one end that one end of cylinder interior and high-voltage conductive rod stretch into cylinder interior and all adopts screw thread overall length to be 20mm, and pitch is that the helicitic texture of 1mm and described insulation defect Electrode connection are to regulate the distance between electrode.At the middle part of a sidewall of described stainless steel cylinder body 14, the through hole that an aperture is 2cm is set.This through hole is communicated with a stainless-steel tube, described pressure vacuum gauge 21 is connected on stainless-steel tube in order to monitor and to show cylinder interior vacuum tightness and air pressure size by vacuum pressure ball valve 20, connect a sample introduction ball valve 24 above same stainless-steel tube again, this sample introduction ball valve 24 other end injection port 25 is by Teflon wireway and SF
6steel cylinder is communicated with in order to inflation.Described vacuum pump 23 receives stainless-steel tube end by vacuum pump ball valve 22, in order to vacuumize in cylinder body.The through hole (i.e. thieff hatch) that one aperture is 1.5cm is set at the middle part of a sidewall of described stainless steel cylinder body, one end of described sampling ball valve 29 is communicated with this thieff hatch by stainless-steel tube, the other end thief hatch 30 of sampling ball valve 29 is communicated with described gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10, in order to detect SF by Teflon wireway
6the decomposition components of the PD of gas under DC condition and content thereof.On the two side between the aspirating hole and thieff hatch of described stainless steel cylinder body 14, the quartz glass view window 31 that two diameters are 8cm, thickness is 5mm is set respectively, quartz glass is contained between plain flange, with " O " shape rubber seal fixing with the screw in compression that 10 screw diameters are 15mm, electrode is made just in time to be in the range of observation of view window interior in order to utilize ultraviolet imager or high-speed camera to observe and absorb PD procedural image.In the bottom of described stainless steel cylinder body 14, along the outside on the face of cylinder, affixed 3 length are the feet 26 of 10cm uniformly, in order to support and protection cylinder body, handled easily and monitoring.
Four kinds of Exemplary insulative defect model comprise metallic projections insulation defect model (Fig. 4 a), free metal particulate insulation defect model (Fig. 4 b), insulator metallic pollution insulation defect model (Fig. 4 c) and insulator air-gap insulation defect model (Fig. 4 d).Described metallic projections insulation defect model uses needle plate electrode.Described pin electrode diameter is 4mm, and length is 30mm, and wherein reach is 20mm, and the length of tip portion is 5mm, and tip curvature radius is 0.3mm; Described plate electrode diameter is 120mm, and thickness is 10mm, and Electrode connection shank diameter is 4mm, and length is 30mm, and wherein reach is 20mm.Described free metal particulate insulation defect model ball bowl electrode and the copper scale being positioned over hemispheric bowl electrode base are simulated.Described ball electrode diameter is 30mm, and bowl electrode external diameter is 120mm, and thickness is 2mm, and described ball electrode and the Electrode connection shank diameter of bowl electrode are 4mm, and length is 30mm, and wherein reach is 20mm; Described copper scale size is 10 ~ 100 μm.The cylindrical ring epoxy resins that described insulator metallic pollution insulation defect model uses the surface be clipped between plate plate electrode to be bonded with copper scale is simulated.Described plate electrode diameter is 120mm, and thickness is 10mm, and Electrode connection shank diameter is 4mm, and length is 30mm, and wherein reach is 20mm, and plate electrode spacing is about 21mm; Described cylindrical ring epoxy resins diameter is 60mm, is highly 21mm; The long 18mm in region of described bonding copper scale, wide 2mm, copper scale diameter is about 10 ~ 100 μm.Pad two pieces of epoxy sheet between described insulator air-gap insulation defect model use cylindrical ring epoxy resins and hardboard electrode to form air gap to simulate.Described plate electrode diameter is 120mm, and thickness is 10mm, and Electrode connection shank diameter is 4mm, and length is 30mm, and wherein reach is 20mm, and plate electrode spacing is about 21mm; Described cylindrical ring epoxy resins diameter is 60mm, is highly 20mm; Described air gap thickness is 1mm.
Detection system comprises pulse current detection system and gaschromatographic mass spectrometry detection system two parts.Described pulse current detection system adopts multiple process, the high-pressure side of described gas discharge chamber 9 is drawn wire and is connected to described coupling capacitance 11 (commercial products, high-pressure side 120kV/1000pF), the low pressure end of described coupling capacitance connects described detection impedance 12 (commercial products, No. 3) by wire.PD pulse signal is input in digital storage oscilloscope 13 (commercial products, Tyke DPO5104B) by described detection impedance 12 amplification, in order to monitor the PD occurred in gas discharge chamber, and records the amplitude of PD pulse signal.Described gaschromatographic mass spectrometry detection system is formed primarily of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10 (commercial products, Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2010Ultra).Described gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer is connected on the thief hatch 30 of gas discharge chamber's stainless steel cylinder body 14, in order to detect the SO of ppmv level by Teflon wireway
2f
2, SOF
2, CO
2, CF
4, H
2s, SO
2deng SF
6the content of the various decomposition gas products of gas.
Embodiment 1
A kind of SF
6the analogue experiment method of gas insulated electric apparatus PD under DC condition, the analogue means of shelf depreciation " under the sulfur hexafluoride gas-insulating electrical equipment DC condition " that utilize the applicant to apply for, to SF
6gas insulated electric apparatus carry out the simulated experiment of PD under DC condition, analysis concrete steps as follows:
(1) Preparatory work of experiment
1. the sealing property of insulation defect and inspection gas discharge chamber is placed
First connect each test unit according to Fig. 1 and hookup schematic diagram, ensure all testing equipment good earths.Ellipsoidal head 15 ethanol opening the stainless steel cylinder body 14 of gas discharge chamber 9 carefully cleans stainless steel cylinder body 14 inwall and artificial defect model, and then the impurity in removal air chamber and dust install ellipsoidal head 15.These impurity and dust and the test last time residual decomposition thing that may be attached on inwall are avoided to affect test findings.Close sampling ball valve 29 and the sample introduction ball valve 24 of this device, open pressure vacuum gauge ball valve 20, open the vacuum pump ball valve 22 of this device again, then the vacuum pump 23 of this device is started, vacuumize in the stainless steel cylinder body 14 of this device, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve 22 and vacuum pump 23 successively, leave standstill pressure vacuum gauge 21 registration of observing this device after 10 ~ 12 hours again, when described pressure vacuum gauge 21 registration remains on 0.005 ~ 0.012MPa, show that gas discharge chamber 9 sealing under vacuum conditions of this device is intact, open the SF of this device again
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve 29, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body 14
6gas, till stainless steel cylinder body 14 internal gas pressure reaches 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa, then closes described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve 29, observe pressure vacuum gauge 21 registration again when leaving standstill 10 ~ 12, when pressure vacuum gauge 21 registration remains on 0.295 ~ 0.5MPa, show that the described sealing of gas discharge chamber 9 under barotropic state is intact.
2. stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned
(1)-1. walked after, first open described vacuum pump ball valve 22, vacuum pump 23 described in startup, vacuumize in the stainless steel cylinder body 14 of described gas discharge chamber 9, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body 14 is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve 22 and vacuum pump 23 successively, then open described SF
6the valve of gas cylinder and sample introduction ball valve 24, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body 14
6gas, until when stainless steel cylinder body 14 internal gas pressure value is 0.25 ~ 0.35MPa, then close described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve 24, clean described stainless steel cylinder body 14, then, by aforementioned operation step, first vacuumizes, then be filled with SF
6purge of gas, after so repeating flushing 2 ~ 5 times, vacuumizes described stainless steel cylinder body 14 again, then leaves standstill 10 ~ 12h, makes the SF of attachment in stainless steel cylinder body 14
6the decomposition gas of gas and moisture fully gasify release, are then first filled with SF
6gas, then vacuumize, to be washed by the impurity of release of gasifying in standing process, ensure that in stainless steel cylinder body 14, foreign gas and inherent moisture content reduce to minimum.
3. SF is filled with
6gas
(1)-2. walked after, open described SF
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve 24, be filled with SF in the stainless steel cylinder body 14 of described gas discharge chamber 9
6gas, till air pressure is 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa, then closes described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve 24.Stablize a few hours, make SF
6evenly, gas is in steady state (SS) in diffusion.
(2) carry out the simulation test that PD decomposes under DC condition
1. inherent shortcoming test
Before carrying out PD test, will test the intrinsic PD characteristic of device, time namely without analog insulation defect, under identical experimental enviroment (air pressure, temperature, humidity etc.), device itself does not produce the trial voltage threshold value of PD.The is completed (1) after step when not putting into analog insulation defect, Regulation Control platform 1 is regulated slowly to raise trial voltage, examine the signal intensity on described digital storage oscilloscope 13, when there is fine discharge pulse signal, record the applied voltage on this timer, be the initial PD voltage that device is intrinsic, be designated as U
g.After obtaining the intrinsic initial PD voltage of auto levelizer, slowly regulate Regulation Control platform 1 that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform 1 input end and civil power.Then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve 22, vacuum pump 23 described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body 14, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body 14 is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve 22 and vacuum pump 23 successively.
2. direct current PD test is carried out
(2)-1. walked after, first open the quartz glass view window 31 of the gas discharge chamber 9 of this device, following the helicitic texture of conducting rod to connect on metallic projections insulation defect needle plate model makes insulation defect within the range of observation of quartz glass view window 31, and regulates the distance between two electrodes.Then quartz glass is contained between plain flange, also fixes with the screw in compression that 8 ~ 15 screw diameters are 15mm with " O " shape rubber seal.By (1)-2. walk and described stainless steel cylinder body 14 cleaned, then by (1)-3. walk be filled with SF in stainless steel cylinder body 14
6gas, applies voltage by method of progressively boosting to insulation defect model.Regulate Regulation Control platform 1, slowly raising trial voltage, examine the signal intensity on digital storage oscilloscope 13, when there is fine discharge pulse signal, recording the applied voltage on this timer, be the initial PD voltage of test, be designated as U
st.With the initial PD voltage U of test
stfor benchmark, 1.2U-is set
st, 1.3U
st, 1.4U
st, 1.5U
st, 1.6U
stfive trial voltage values are tested respectively.Should be noted that the trial voltage being applied to defect model should not exceed the intrinsic initial PD voltage U of device
g, otherwise the PD blurring that the PD signal produced by device inherent shortcoming can produce with insulation defect model, cause the PD of None-identified manual simulation defect.Slow adjustment Regulation Control platform 1 raises trial voltage to 1.2U
st, at 1.2U
stvoltage under insulation defect carried out to the PD test of continuous 96 hours, gathered single test data every 12 hours.After continuous 96hPD has tested, obtain the one group data of a kind of insulation defect under a certain trial voltage, often organize data and comprise 8 sampled datas.Then slowly regulate Regulation Control platform 1 that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform 1 input end and civil power.Then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve 22, vacuum pump 23 described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body 14, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body 14 is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve 22 and vacuum pump 23 successively.And then by (1)-2. walk and described stainless steel cylinder body 14 cleaned, by (1)-3. walk be filled with SF in stainless steel cylinder body 14
6gas, slowly regulates Regulation Control platform 1 to raise trial voltage to 1.3U
st, equally at 1.3U
stexperimental voltage under carry out the PD test of continuous 96 hours, gathered single test data every 12 hours.After continuous 96hPD has tested, slowly regulate Regulation Control platform 1 that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform 1 input end and civil power.Then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve 22, vacuum pump 23 described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body 14, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body 14 is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve 22 and vacuum pump 23 successively.Last again by the (1)-2. walk and described stainless steel cylinder body 14 cleaned, by the (1)-3. walk be filled with SF in stainless steel cylinder body 14
6gas, so that the test carrying out next time.
So repeat test, until obtain the 1.2U set
st, 1.3U
st, 1.4U
st, 1.5U
st, 1.6U
stsF under five trial voltages
6the data of gas decomposition components and content thereof, last researchist is according to the various SF under record five kinds of trial voltages
6content in decomposed gas component, draws out SF
6gas decomposition components with the relation curve of PD time, studies SF under different tests voltage
6the strength relationship of gas decomposition components content and rate of rise and PD, extracts the characteristic quantity that can characterize PD intensity, and in conjunction with the stability of each decomposition components, research SF
6the gas mechanism that PD decomposes under DC condition.
3. the detection of pulse current
This method adopts multiple process measuring circuit to measure PD pulsed current signal.The pulse voltage amplitude U recorded according to IEC60270 full sized pules current method and Apparent discharge magnitude Q is linear, as shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 5 calibration circuit, one shelf depreciation prover 32 is in parallel with described gas discharge chamber 9, the known pulse signal of discharge capacity is produced at insulation defect electrode two ends, the crest value of impulse voltage U at described detection impedance 12 two ends can be recorded by described digital storage oscilloscope 13, obtain the linear relationship of crest value of impulse voltage and Apparent discharge magnitude, thus calculate Apparent discharge magnitude Q according to the crest value of impulse voltage U that linear calibration curve and pulse current method record, be illustrated in figure 6 calibration curve.
4. the collection of discharge gas and detection
In the continuous P D process of the test of 96 hours, after discharging 12 hours, first slowly regulate Regulation Control platform 1 that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform 1 input end and civil power, then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, opens described sampling ball valve 29, gather a discharge gas, close sampling ball valve 29.Then the trial voltage slowly regulating Regulation Control platform 1 to bring the voltage up to the test of this group continues PD test.A discharge gas collection is repeated every 12 hours.
Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10 described in utilization carries out qualitative and quantitative analysis to each discharge gas gathered.The gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10 that this device adopts is Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2010Ultra, gas composition is 8um by thickness, internal diameter is 0.32mm, length be 60m special capillary column ((CP-Sil5CB) be separated, detected by MSD detecting device.This method adopts high-purity He of 99.999% as carrier gas, condition of work is: post case temperature mode is that constant temperature 35 DEG C keeps 7.5min, 10min is kept with the ramp to 105 of 70 DEG C/min DEG C, 3.5min is kept with the ramp to 250 of 100 DEG C/min DEG C, injector temperature is 220 DEG C, pressure flow hybrid control mode, pressure is 55kPa, total flow is 16.3mL/min, post flow is 1.21mL/min, linear velocity is 28cm/sec, purge flow rate is 3mL/min, split ratio is 10, ion source temperature is 200 DEG C, chromatographic mass spectrometry interface temperature is 220 DEG C, the solvent delay time is 0min, micro scanning width 0u, detector voltage 0kV (relatively tuning result), ionization mode is electricity bombardment ionization (EI), acquisition mode is SIM quantitative test, sweep interval 0.3s.The method can realize SF
6decomposition components CF under PD
4, CO
2, SO
2f
2, SOF
2, H
2s, SO
2, CS
2etc. multiple gases effective separation and detect its concentration.Be the total ion chromatogram TIC of the compound sample gas that this method detects as shown in Figure 7, as shown in Figure 7, CF
4, CO
2, SO
2f
2, SOF
2, H
2s, SO
2, CS
2retention time be respectively 4.356min, 4.853min, 5.096min, 5.47min, 6.099min, 7.154min, 18.414min, therefore the method achieve effective separation of above-mentioned multiple gases.
First gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10 described in utilization carries out quantitative test to the sample gas gathered needs to carry out quantitatively calibrating with calibrating gas (configuration for calibrating gas as shown in table 1) to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer 10.This method adopts peak area external standard method to carry out quantitatively calibrating, and its quantitative correction formula is as follows:
In formula, A
i, A
s,ibe respectively the peak area of i-th group of component gas in sample, standard specimen; φ
i, φ
s,ibe respectively the volume fraction of i-th group of component gas in sample, standard specimen; K
iit is the Absolute Calibration factor of i-th group of component gas.As Fig. 9---Figure 14 shows that utilize table 1 the calibrating gas that configures gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer is carried out to the CF of quantitatively calibrating acquisition
4, CO
2, SO
2f
2, SOF
2, H
2s, SO
2, CS
2calibration curve.
Claims (1)
1. DC gas insulated local discharge of electrical equipment decomposes an analogue experiment method, it is characterized in that, specifically comprises:
The step of a Preparatory work of experiment: comprise
The sub-step of the sealing property of a placement insulation defect model and inspection gas discharge chamber:
First, connect each test unit according to hookup schematic diagram, ensure all testing equipment good earths; The ellipsoidal head ethanol opening the stainless steel cylinder body of gas discharge chamber carefully cleans stainless steel inboard wall of cylinder block and artificial defect model, and then the impurity in removal air chamber and dust install ellipsoidal head; These impurity and dust and the test last time residual decomposition thing that may be attached on inwall are avoided to affect test findings; Close sampling ball valve and the sample introduction ball valve of this device, open pressure vacuum gauge ball valve, then open the vacuum pump ball valve of this device,
Then, start the vacuum pump of this device, vacuumize in the stainless steel cylinder body of this device, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively, leave standstill the pressure vacuum gauge registration of observing this device after 10 ~ 12 hours again, when described pressure vacuum gauge registration remains on 0.005 ~ 0.012MPa, show that gas discharge chamber's sealing under vacuum conditions of this device is intact; Open the SF of this device again
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, till described stainless steel cylinder body internal gas pressure reaches 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa,
Finally, described SF is closed successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, observe pressure vacuum gauge registration again when leaving standstill 10 ~ 12, when pressure vacuum gauge registration remains on 0.295 ~ 0.5MPa, show that the sealing of described gas discharge chamber under barotropic state is intact;
The sub-step of a cleaning stainless steel cylinder body:
First, open described vacuum pump ball valve, the vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, closes described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively, then open described SF
6the valve of gas cylinder and sample introduction ball valve, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, until when described stainless steel cylinder body internal gas pressure value is 0.25 ~ 0.35MPa, then close described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, clean described stainless steel cylinder body,
Then, first vacuumize, then be filled with SF
6purge of gas, after so repeating flushing 2 ~ 5 times, vacuumizes described stainless steel cylinder body again, then leaves standstill 10 ~ 12h, makes the SF of attachment in stainless steel cylinder body
6the decomposition gas of gas and moisture fully gasify release,
Finally, first SF is filled with
6gas, then vacuumize, to be washed by the impurity of release of gasifying in standing process, ensure that in stainless steel cylinder body, foreign gas and inherent moisture content reduce to minimum;
One is filled with SF
6the sub-step of gas:
Open described SF
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve, be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, till air pressure is 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa, then closes described SF successively
6the valve of gas cylinder and air inlet ball valve; Stablize a few hours, make SF
6evenly, gas is in steady state (SS) in diffusion;
A step of carrying out the simulation test that PD decomposes under DC condition: comprise
The sub-step of an inherent shortcoming test:
Before carrying out PD test, will test the intrinsic PD characteristic of device, time namely without analog insulation defect, under identical experimental enviroment, device itself does not produce the trial voltage threshold value of PD; The is completed (1) after step when not putting into analog insulation defect, Regulation Control platform is regulated slowly to raise trial voltage, examine the signal intensity on described digital storage oscilloscope, when there is fine discharge pulse signal, record the applied voltage on this timer, be the initial PD voltage that device is intrinsic, be designated as U
g; After obtaining the intrinsic initial PD voltage of auto levelizer, slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power; Then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve, vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively;
A sub-step of carrying out direct current PD test:
First open the quartz glass view window of the gas discharge chamber of this device, insulation defect a kind of helicitic texture with conducting rod is wherein connected and makes insulation defect within the range of observation of quartz glass view window, and regulate the distance between two electrodes; Then quartz glass is contained between plain flange, also fixes with the screw in compression that 8 ~ 15 screw diameters are 15mm with " O " shape rubber seal; Described stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned, then be filled with SF in described stainless steel cylinder body
6gas, applies voltage by method of progressively boosting to insulation defect model; Regulate Regulation Control platform, slowly raising trial voltage, examine the signal intensity on digital oscilloscope, when there is fine discharge pulse signal, recording the applied voltage on this timer, be the initial PD voltage of test, be designated as U
st; With the initial PD voltage U of test
stfor benchmark, 1.2U is set
st, 1.3U
st, 1.4U
st, 1.5U
st, 1.6U
stfive trial voltage values are tested respectively; Should be noted that the trial voltage being applied to defect model should not exceed the intrinsic initial PD voltage U of device
g, otherwise the PD blurring that the PD signal produced by device inherent shortcoming can produce with insulation defect model, cause the PD of None-identified manual simulation defect; Slow adjustment Regulation Control platform raises trial voltage to 1.2U
st, at 1.2U
stvoltage under insulation defect carried out to the PD test of continuous 96 hours, gathered single test data every 12 hours; After continuous 96hPD has tested, obtain the one group data of a kind of insulation defect under a certain trial voltage, often organize data and comprise 8 sampled datas; Then slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power;
Then, pilot region is entered after use discharging rod effectively discharges to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve, vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in the stainless steel cylinder body of described gas discharge chamber, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively;
Then, more described stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned, in described stainless steel cylinder body, be filled with SF
6gas, slowly regulates Regulation Control platform to raise trial voltage to 1.3U
st, equally at 1.3U
stexperimental voltage under carry out the PD test of continuous 96 hours, gathered single test data every 12 hours; After continuous 96hPD has tested, slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power;
Then, pilot region is entered after use discharging rod effectively discharges to the high-pressure side of all equipment, open described vacuum pump ball valve, vacuum pump described in startup, vacuumize in described stainless steel cylinder body, when the vacuum tightness in stainless steel cylinder body is 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, close described vacuum pump ball valve and vacuum pump successively; Finally more described stainless steel cylinder body is cleaned, in described stainless steel cylinder body, be filled with SF
6gas, so that the test carrying out next time;
So repeat test, until obtain the 1.2U set
st, 1.3U
st, 1.4U
st, 1.5U
st, 1.6U-
stsF under five trial voltages
6the data of gas decomposition components and content thereof, last researchist is according to the various SF under record five kinds of trial voltages
6content in decomposed gas component, draws out SF
6gas decomposition components with the relation curve of discharge time, studies SF under different tests voltage
6the strength relationship of gas decomposition components content and rate of rise and PD, extracts the characteristic quantity that can characterize PD intensity, and in conjunction with the stability of each decomposition components, research SF
6the gas mechanism that PD decomposes under DC condition;
The sub-step that a pulse current detects:
Multiple process measuring circuit is adopted to measure PD pulsed current signal; The pulse voltage amplitude U recorded according to IEC60270 full sized pules current method and Apparent discharge magnitude Q is linear, by a shelf depreciation prover with in described gas discharge chamber insulation defect model in parallel, the known pulse signal of discharge capacity is produced at insulation defect electrode two ends, the crest value of impulse voltage U at described detection resistance two ends can be recorded by described digital storage oscilloscope, obtain the linear relationship of crest value of impulse voltage and Apparent discharge magnitude, thus calculate Apparent discharge magnitude Q according to the crest value of impulse voltage U that pulse current method records;
The collection of a discharge gas and the sub-step of detection:
In the continuous P D process of the test of 96 hours, after discharging 12 hours, first slowly regulate Regulation Control platform that trial voltage is reduced to 0, close experiment power supply, namely disconnect the connection of Regulation Control platform input end and civil power, then use discharging rod enters pilot region after effectively discharging to the high-pressure side of all equipment, opens described sampling ball valve, gather a discharge gas, close sampling ball valve; Then the trial voltage slowly regulating Regulation Control platform to bring the voltage up to the test of this group continues PD test; A discharge gas collection is repeated every 12 hours;
Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer described in utilization carries out qualitative and quantitative analysis to each discharge gas gathered, the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer that this device adopts is Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2010Ultra, and gas composition is 8um by thickness, and internal diameter is 0.32mm, and length is the special capillary column separation of 60m, is detected by MSD detecting device, this method adopts high-purity He of 99.999% as carrier gas, condition of work is: post case temperature mode is that constant temperature 35 DEG C keeps 7.5min, 10min is kept with the ramp to 105 of 70 DEG C/min DEG C, 3.5min is kept with the ramp to 250 of 100 DEG C/min DEG C, injector temperature is 220 DEG C, pressure flow hybrid control mode, pressure is 55kPa, total flow is 16.3mL/min, post flow is 1.21mL/min, linear velocity is 28cm/sec, purge flow rate is 3mL/min, split ratio is 10, ion source temperature is 200 DEG C, chromatographic mass spectrometry interface temperature is 220 DEG C, the solvent delay time is 0min, micro scanning width 0u, detector voltage 0kV, ionization mode is electricity bombardment ionization, acquisition mode is SIM quantitative test, sweep interval 0.3s, the method can realize SF
6decomposition components CF under PD
4, CO
2, SO
2f
2, SOF
2, H
2s, SO
2, CS
2etc. multiple gases effective separation and detect its concentration,
Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer described in utilization carries out quantitative test to the sample gas gathered must carry out quantitatively calibrating with calibrating gas to gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, obtains the calibration curve of related component; This method adopts peak area external standard method to carry out quantitatively calibrating, and its quantitative correction formula is as follows:
In formula, A
i, A
s,ibe respectively the peak area of i-th group of component gas in sample, standard specimen;
be respectively the volume fraction of i-th group of component gas in sample, standard specimen; K
iit is the Absolute Calibration factor of i-th group of component gas.
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| CN114034803A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-02-11 | 沈阳工业大学 | For detecting C5F10Device and method for decomposing component by discharging O gas |
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