CN105547891A - Method for measuring abrasion width of rear surfaces of turning large-pitch threaded cutter - Google Patents
Method for measuring abrasion width of rear surfaces of turning large-pitch threaded cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN105547891A CN105547891A CN201610089173.4A CN201610089173A CN105547891A CN 105547891 A CN105547891 A CN 105547891A CN 201610089173 A CN201610089173 A CN 201610089173A CN 105547891 A CN105547891 A CN 105547891A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 48
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/58—Investigating machinability by cutting tools; Investigating the cutting ability of tools
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring the abrasion width of the rear surfaces of a turning large-pitch threaded cutter. The method is technically characterized by comprising the following steps: 1, turning large-pitch thread test pieces with the cutter provided with a left cutting edge and a right cutting edge; 2, obtaining images of abrasion of the left rear surface and the right rear surface of the cutter generated after cutting through a super-field-depth microscope, so that cutter surface abrasion width data are obtained; 3, establishing a distribution function of the cutter surface abrasion width obtained after the cutter is tested, wherein the distribution function can be found in the specification, quantitatively describing the cutter surface abrasion state obtained after the cutter is tested by comparing various coefficients in the distribution function of the abrasion width of the left rear surface and the right rear surface, and evaluating the difference of the left cutter surface and the right cutter surface of the cutter in abrasion width under different cutting stroke conditions. By means of the method, abrasion width data of the left rear surface and the right rear surface can be measured and extracted within the length ranges of the cutting edges involved into cutting, the distribution function of the abrasion width of the left rear surface and the right rear surface of the cutter is constructed, and the influencing characteristics of cutter abrasion position change in the cutting edge length direction and increase of cutting strokes for the rear surface abrasion width are disclosed.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of the threading tool degree of wear, be specifically related to a kind of measuring method of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width.
Background technology:
Steep-pitch thread part is widely used in the manufacturing equipment such as large pressing machine, heavy machine tool, play fastening, connect, regulate, transmit the vital role such as power, be the vitals affecting lathe reliability.The turnery processing operation of this type of part adopts radial full cutting-in, left and right alternative expression axial feed cutting way, utilizes cutter cutting to left and right sword to form trapezoidal screw left and right flank of thread respectively.In order to reduce the chip-load in finishing, improve flank of thread machining precision and machined surface quality, its turning finishing step adopts one cutter is completed through repeatedly Repeated Cutting, to the wear resistance of cutter cutting to left and right sword with propose high requirement serviceable life.
Tool in Cutting sword and rear knife face structure and cutting stroke are the two large factors affecting tool wear and serviceable life.Existing tool wear measuring method is tested by tool wear, extract knife face stage casing average abrasion width or greatest wear width after knife face average abrasion width after cutting edge, cutting edge, obtain tool wear characteristics curve, disclose the characteristic that cutter wear of the tool flank width changes with cutting stroke, utilize cutter blunt criterion calculation cutting-tool's used life.Said method adopts abrasion width mean value and maximal value to describe tool wear characteristics and masks tool wear along the variation characteristic on cutting edge length direction, only reflect the average properties that tool wear changes with cutting stroke, the impact of cutting edge and rear knife face structure Cutter wear cannot be disclosed, be applicable to evaluate the serviceable life of the shorter billmpse tool of cutting edge length participating in cutting, in evaluation full depth, there is relatively large deviation in the tool wear that long sword cuts, accurately cannot calculate cutter life, be difficult to obtain the cutter of high resistance against wear performance and excellent Cutting Process scheme.And for processing the steep-pitch thread lathe tool had compared with deep thread groove, its cutting edge length participating in cutting is tens times of general billmpse tool cutting edge length even decades of times, and during turning steep-pitch thread, on Tool in Cutting sword, the uneven cutter wear of the tool flank that makes of heating power load diatibution presents diversity along the distribution on cutting edge direction.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is for overcoming above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of measuring method of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width, can measure in the cutting edge length range participating in cutting, extract cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width data, build cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width distribution function, disclose and change and the influencing characteristic of cutting stroke increase to wear of the tool flank width along cutting edge length direction tool wear position.
The measuring method of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width of the present invention, technical scheme adopted for achieving the above object is that it comprises the following steps:
One, by the test tool turning steep-pitch thread test specimen with cutting to left and right sword, specifically keep the radial cutting-in of test tool consistent with the screw thread groove depth of steep-pitch thread test specimen, to carry out along test specimen axial direction by feed of every rotation 16mm that cutting to left and right sword alternative expression is one-sided successively to be cut from right to left respectively;
Two, super depth-of-field microscope is adopted to obtain the left and right wear of the tool flank image of the test tool after repeatedly cutting, obtain image in the left and right point of a knife of test tool for initial point, participating in choosing k sampled point in the cutting edge length range cut, extract the left and right wear of the tool flank width data at k sampling point position place respectively;
Three, according to the left and right wear of the tool flank width data of the test tool obtained, the distribution function of test tool wear of the tool flank width is set up
in formula, x be along cutting edge length direction abration position apart from point width from, y is cutting stroke, and z is cutter wear of the tool flank width, m and n is the most high math power of x and y occurred in binary high order polynomial fitting respectively, and i, j are the power of x and y respectively, p
ijfor term coefficient each in polynomial expression;
Four, to be changed with cutting-edge by this distribution function reflection cutter wear of the tool flank width and the increase of cutting stroke and the characteristic that constantly changes.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the process redundancy a that in step one, the rotating speed n of test tool is 10rpm, cuts vertically at every turn
pfbe 0.05mm, this is Tool in Cutting parameter conventional in the processing of turning steep-pitch thread, and the left cutting edge of test tool is total to Repeated Cutting 32 times, measures test tool and weares and teares 4 times; The right cutting edge of test tool is total to Repeated Cutting 39 times, measures test tool and weares and teares 5 times.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step 2, cutting edge length direction along test tool gets a measurement point every 0.75mm, this distance can the image of each test point of clear display, 10 sampled points obtained apart from point of a knife different distance are measuring position altogether, detect the change of abrasion width with cutting stroke of knife face after about test tool by these 10 sampled points respectively.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step 3, the binary high order polynomial fitting of the distribution function of test tool wear of the tool flank width is:
z(x,y)＝p
00+p
10x+p
20x
2+p
30x
3+p
40x
4+p
50x
5
+p
01y+p
02y
2+p
03y
3+p
04y
4
+p
11xy+p
12xy
2+p
13xy
3+p
14xy
4
+p
21x
2y+p
22x
2y
2+p
23x
2y
3
+p
31x
3y+p
32x
3y
2+p
41x
4y
In formula, x is apart from point width from (mm) along cutting edge length direction abration position, y is cutting stroke (m), z is cutter wear of the tool flank width (μm), the most high math power m of x is 5, the most high math power n of y is 4, distribution function is obtained by this binary high order polynomial fitting, by the contrast of term coefficient each in distribution function, the state of wear of knife face after quantitative description test tool, evaluates the otherness of knife face on abrasion width after about different cutting stroke condition bottom tool.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the left and right sword angle ε of described test tool
r' be 28 ° 14 ', and the cutting edge inclination λ of two cutting edges
swith anterior angle γ
0be 0 °, wherein, left angle of backing off α
1be 6 ° 12 ', nose angle ε
rbe 105 ° 16 ', tool cutting edge angle K
rit is 74 ° 44 '; Right angle of backing off α
2be 2 ° 34 ", nose angle ε
rbe 102 ° 58 ', tool cutting edge angle K
rbe 102 ° 58 ', the material of test tool is high speed steel W18Cr4V, and the radius of edge of its left and right cutting edge is respectively 35.22 μm and 36.02 μm, the long l of left cutting edge sword
1for 22.70mm, the long l of right cutting edge sword
2for the long l of sword of 26.55mm, top cutting edge
3for 3.83mm.The test tool of this geometric angle and cutting size is in the finishing of turning steep-pitch thread test specimen, its geometric angle and geometric parameter can make test specimen reach the trapezoidal externally threaded structure of pitch 16mm and crudy requirement, and make its cutting to left and right sword can distinguish Repeated Cutting more than 40 times, to ensure that test tool meets the technological requirement of the long cutting stroke of turning steep-pitch thread.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described screw thread test specimen is the trapezoidal dextrorotation external thread test specimen of lead angle 2 ° 36 ', and its entire length is 200mm, two ends diameter is 100mm, two ends length is respectively 30mm and 10mm, middle segment length is 160mm, central diameter is 112mm, internal diameter is 104mm, pitch is 16mm, material is 35CrMo through modifier treatment.Specification and the material at the specification of this screw thread test specimen and material and the trapezoidal external thread of the coarse pitch on pressing machine workpiece position to be processed are consistent, its left-hand thread face process redundancy is 1.7mm, right-hand thread face process redundancy is 1.35mm, the accumulative cutting stroke adopting little surplus repeatedly to cut is identical with the actual cut state of arts that the trapezoidal external threading of coarse pitch is processed with cutting number of times, and the cutter left and right wear of the tool flank result adopting this test specimen to carry out turning experiment acquisition can reflect the state of wear of cutter in the trapezoidal external threading process of coarse pitch.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by the experiment of turning steep-pitch thread tool wear, utilize the cutter left and right wear of the tool flank detected image after repeatedly cutting, cutter wear of the tool flank width data is extracted along in cutting edge length and cutting stroke both direction, build cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width distribution function, disclose Tool in Cutting sword and rear knife face structure and cutting stroke to the influencing characteristic of wear of the tool flank width, not only reflect that cutter wear of the tool flank is increased in the change on cutting edge length direction with cutting stroke, and reflect the change of different cutting stroke stage cutter wear of the tool flank maximum value position, accurately can orient the wear of the tool flank position for calculating cutter life, for Tool in Cutting sword structural design and high-efficient cutting technological design provide foundation.The method is adopted to disclose to participate in the Tool in Cutting sword length range that cuts diverse location place wear of the tool flank width with the Evolution Characteristics of cutting stroke, can be used for quantitative description turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank state, the otherness on evaluation cutting to left and right sword structure caused this abrasion width distribution character different from from absorption surface relation cutter.The method is applicable to disclose cutter and resistance to wears mechanism, can accurate Calculation cutter life.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is test tool scale diagrams;
Fig. 2 is test tool geometric angle schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 2 is along A
1-A
1to schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that Fig. 2 is along A
2-A
2to schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that Fig. 2 is along B
1-B
1to schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is that Fig. 2 is along B
2-B
2to schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the partial side view of Fig. 2 test tool;
Test tool left back knife face wear map picture when Fig. 8 is cutting stroke 14.088m;
Test tool left back knife face wear map picture when Fig. 9 is cutting stroke 112.704m;
Test tool wear of the tool flank width measure figure when Figure 10 is cutting stroke 14.088m, in figure, 1 is that rubstrip, 2 is for cutting edge;
Test tool wear of the tool flank width measure figure when Figure 11 is cutting stroke 112.704m, in figure, 1 is that rubstrip, 2 is for cutting edge;
Figure 12 is test tool left back knife face abrasion width measured zone image;
Figure 13 is test tool left back knife face abrasion width selection of measuring point image;
Figure 14 is the left wear of the tool flank modified-image of test tool;
Figure 15 is the right wear of the tool flank modified-image of test tool;
Figure 16 is that sharpening grinding abrasion morphological image is cut in test tool left cut;
Figure 17 is test tool right cutting edge plastic deformation abrasion modality image;
Figure 18 is test tool left back knife face abrasion width variation characteristic curve map;
Figure 19 is test tool right back knife face abrasion width variation characteristic curve map;
Figure 20 is test tool left back knife face abrasion width distribution plan;
Figure 21 is test tool right back knife face abrasion width distribution plan.
Embodiment:
The measuring method of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
One, by the test tool turning steep-pitch thread test specimen with cutting to left and right sword, specifically keep the radial cutting-in of test tool consistent with the screw thread groove depth of steep-pitch thread test specimen, to carry out along test specimen axial direction by feed of every rotation 16mm that cutting to left and right sword alternative expression is one-sided successively to be cut from right to left respectively, Fig. 1 is to the structure that Figure 7 shows that test tool, wherein, P
refor basal plane, P
se1for left cutting edge cutting plane, P
se2for right cutting edge cutting plane, the geometric angle of test tool is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 tool geometry angle
The material of test tool is high speed steel W18Cr4V, and the radius of edge of its left and right cutting edge is respectively 35.22 μm and 36.02 μm, the long l of left cutting edge sword
1for 22.70mm, the long l of right cutting edge sword
2for the long l of sword of 26.55mm, top cutting edge
3for 3.83mm.This test tool is used in the finishing of the trapezoidal external screw rod of turning pitch 16mm, its geometric angle and geometric parameter can make test specimen reach the trapezoidal externally threaded structure of pitch 16mm and crudy requirement, and make its cutting to left and right sword can distinguish Repeated Cutting more than 40 times, to ensure that cutter meets the long cutting stroke technological requirement of turning steep-pitch thread.
Wherein, test tool on CA6140 lathe, with rotating speed n be 10rpm, the process redundancy a that at every turn cuts vertically
pffor 0.05mm double thread test specimen cuts, keep the radial cutting-in of test tool consistent with the screw thread groove depth of screw thread test specimen during cutting, to be that test tool is one-sided vertically successively cut cutting way, obtains the wear map picture of the left back knife face of test tool as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
Described screw thread test specimen is the trapezoidal dextrorotation external thread test specimen of lead angle 2 ° 36 ', and its entire length is 200mm, two ends diameter is 100mm, two ends length is respectively 30mm and 10mm, middle segment length is 160mm, central diameter is 112mm, internal diameter is 104mm, pitch is 16mm, material is 35CrMo through modifier treatment.Material and the specification at the material of this test specimen and specification and the trapezoidal external thread of the coarse pitch on pressing machine workpiece position to be processed are consistent, its left-hand thread face process redundancy is 1.7mm, right-hand thread face process redundancy is 1.35mm, the accumulative cutting stroke adopting little surplus repeatedly to cut is identical with the actual cut state of arts that the trapezoidal external threading of coarse pitch is processed with cutting number of times, adopt this test specimen to carry out the cutter left and right wear of the tool flank result of turning experiment acquisition, cutting-tool wear state in the trapezoidal external threading process of coarse pitch can be reflected.
In cutting experiment, the process redundancy that cutter cutting to left and right sword cuts at every turn is vertically 0.05mm, total process redundancy of cutting to left and right sword is respectively 1.7mm and 1.35mm, wearing and tearing length after about cutter on knife face is chosen in experiment and abrasion width is measurement parameter, specific experiment parameter and tool wear pendulous frequency as shown in table 2:
Table 2 experiment parameter and tool wear pendulous frequency
During each measurement cutter wear of the tool flank, the cutting stroke that cutting to left and right sword is corresponding is as shown in table 3:
The cutting stroke of cutting to left and right sword when table 3 tool wear is measured for each time
Two, super depth-of-field microscope is adopted to obtain the left and right wear of the tool flank image of the test tool after repeatedly cutting, in this process, because the enlargement factor of super depth-of-field microscope to wear map picture is too high, cannot one-shot measurement whole piece cutting edge, therefore cutter major flank wear land is divided into 5 regions along cutting edge length direction, carry out the measurement of cutter wear of the tool flank, adopting the method to divide the measured zone of cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width respectively, is left back knife face abrasion width measured zone as shown in figure 12.
For ensureing all there are 2 measuring points in each cutter wear of the tool flank width measure region, and being convenient to carry out the contrast of cutting to left and right sharpening damage, the cutting to left and right sword of cutter being chosen 10 equally spaced points respectively, carries out the measurement of abrasion width.Through measuring, after about cutter, the actual wear length of knife face is respectively: 8266.67 μm and 8400.17 μm.Therefore, when measuring tool abrasion, obtain image in the left and right point of a knife of test tool for initial point, extract the rubstrip in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, by measuring cutter wear of the tool flank width as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, in figure x be abration position on cutting edge apart from point width from, z is cutter wear of the tool flank width, b is the cutting edge length participating in cutting, and k is sampled point quantity cutting edge being measured abrasion width, z
1~ z
kfor measuring point place cutter wear of the tool flank width, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, a measurement point is got every 0.75mm along cutting edge length direction, obtain 10 measuring positions apart from point of a knife different distance, to detect after about cutter on knife face 10 measuring positions place abrasion width respectively with the change of cutting stroke.Wherein, as shown in figure 13, right back knife face selection of measuring point is identical with left back knife face selection of measuring point method for left back knife face selection of measuring point.
Three, according to the left and right wear of the tool flank width data of the test tool obtained, from Figure 10 and Figure 11, k value is larger, the abrasion width distribution curve obtained more approaches time of day, consider the change of cutter wear of the tool flank width with abration position on cutting edge and cutting stroke, carry out the matching of binary high-order moment, then the expression formula of cutter wear of the tool flank width distribution function is:
to be changed with cutting-edge by this distribution function reflection cutter wear of the tool flank width and the increase of cutting stroke and the characteristic that constantly changes, in formula, x be along cutting edge length direction abration position apart from point width from, y is cutting stroke, z is cutter wear of the tool flank width, m and n is the most high math power of x and y occurred in binary high order polynomial fitting respectively, and i, j are the power of x and y respectively, p
ijfor term coefficient each in polynomial expression.
As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, above-mentioned Tool in Cutting is adopted to test and tool wear method for measuring width, super depth-of-field microscope is utilized to extract the wear of the tool flank state change of cutter left and right, experimental result shows, after about cutter, knife face mainly there occurs abrasive wear, along with the increase of cutting stroke, cutting to left and right sword there occurs in succession local plastic deformation in various degree, and right cutting edge plastic deformation degree increases gradually, after making left and right, knife face presents visibly different abrasion modality as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17, when Figure 16 is cutting stroke 14.088m, abrasion modality in left back knife face abrasion width measured zone three, Figure 17 is cutting stroke when being 95.094m, the abrasion modality in right back knife face abrasion width measured zone three.
Adopt above-mentioned tool wear method for measuring width, obtain experiment cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width measurements as shown in table 4, table 5:
The left back knife face abrasion amount measuring of table 4 cutter
The right back knife face abrasion amount measuring of table 5 cutter
Adopt cutter wear of the tool flank data in table 4, table 5, acquisition cutter wear of the tool flank width is as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19 with cutting stroke variation characteristic curve, as can be seen from Figure 18 and Figure 19, under identical cutting stroke condition, along cutting edge length direction apart from point of a knife difference place, there is significant difference in cutter wear of the tool flank width, present unevenness distribution, find simultaneously, intersection between each measurement point abrasion width family curve is obvious, and this illustrates that the most serious position of cutter wear of the tool flank increases with cutting stroke and constantly changes.Increase with cutting stroke to intuitively express cutter wear of the tool flank width, it is along the variation characteristic of cutting edge length direction distribution, method of interpolation is adopted to obtain cutter wear of the tool flank width distribution characteristic, as shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, Figure 20 and Figure 21 is known in contrast, at the wear stage that cutting stroke is less, cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width table reveals close distribution character, thereafter on knife face along cutting edge length direction all having the larger region of multiple wearing and tearing.Along with the increase of cutting stroke, the abrasion width difference of each measured zone of the left back knife face of cutter reduces gradually, and curved surface is level and smooth gradually, and abrasion width maximal value concentrates on cutting edge central region; The most violent part of the right wear of the tool flank of cutter is first transferred to cutting edge end, after become again cutting edge leading portion and end, the abrasion width otherness of each measured zone does not reduce, and its wearing and tearing distribute obviously different from initial wear; Cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width has different distribution characters, and the left back knife face of cutter is than right back knife face serious wear.
This result shows, along with the increase of cutting stroke, after fix a cutting tool left and right along cutting edge length direction, knife face rate of depreciation is everywhere in continuous variable condition, not only cause the change of wear of the tool flank width maximum position, and make cutter left and right wear of the tool flank width table reveal different distribution characters.
Calculate the working rake angle γ ' of cutter cutting to left and right sword
owith working orthogonal clearance α ', as shown in table 6:
Table 6 cutter cutting to left and right sword operating angle
By table 6, by the impact that cutter-work contact relation different of test specimen flank of thread right hand helix lift angle with cutting to left and right sword, cut although the right cutting edge of cutter is negative rake, the positive rake angle that its main cutting force is greater than left cutting edge cuts, but its centripetal force direction is away from rear knife face, the right back knife face upward pressure of cutter is diminished, rear knife face is then pointed in the centripetal force direction of the left cutting edge of cutter, make the pressure on the left back knife face of cutter will much larger than right back knife face, meanwhile, the working orthogonal clearance of left cutting edge is significantly less than right cutting edge working orthogonal clearance.Therefore, the left wear of the tool flank of cutter is than right back knife face serious wear.
Four, according to table 4, table 5, binary high order polynomial fitting is adopted
z(x,y)＝p
00+p
10x+p
20x
2+p
30x
3+p
40x
4+p
50x
5
+p
01y+p
02y
2+p
03y
3+p
04y
4
+p
11xy+p
12xy
2+p
13xy
3+p
14xy
4
+p
21x
2y+p
22x
2y
2+p
23x
2y
3
+p
31x
3y+p
32x
3y
2+p
41x
4y
Constructing turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width distribution function is
In formula, x is that y is cutting stroke (m) along cutting edge length direction abration position apart from point width from (mm), z is cutter wear of the tool flank width (μm), the most high math power m of x be 5, y most high math power n be 4, each term coefficient is as shown in table 7:
The coefficient table of table 7 abrasion width distribution function
As shown in Table 7, the absolute value of each term coefficient of left back knife face is except P
41be less than outside right back knife face, other coefficients are all greater than right back knife face; Contrast P
01~ P
04, left and right wear of the tool flank width is identical with the variation characteristic of cutting stroke, but the influence degree of the increase of cutting stroke to left back knife face abrasion width is obviously greater than right back knife face; This result shows, left back knife face rate of depreciation is greater than the rate of depreciation of right back knife face.
In 20 coefficients of left and right wear of the tool flank width distribution function, except P
00, P
10, P
20, P
01~ P
04deng outside 7 coefficients, all the other 13 coefficients all show contrary character; This result shows, have different distribution characters along the upper left right back knife face abrasion width of cutting edge length direction, the increase of cutting stroke does not change the difference on cutting to left and right sword structure caused this abrasion width distribution character different from cutter-work contact relation.
The above results shows, adopt cutter wear of the tool flank width distribution function, diverse location place wear of the tool flank width can be disclosed in the Tool in Cutting sword length range that participates in cutting with the Evolution Characteristics of cutting stroke, the method can be used for quantitative description turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank state, evaluating the otherness in different cutting stroke condition bottom tool wear resistance, providing a kind of effective means for disclosing resistance to wear mechanism, accurate Calculation cutter life and steep-pitch thread efficient turning process conceptual design of cutter further.
Claims (6)
1. a measuring method for turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
One, by the screw thread test specimen with the test tool turning coarse pitch of cutting to left and right sword, specifically keep the radial cutting-in of test tool consistent with the screw thread groove depth of steep-pitch thread test specimen, to carry out along test specimen axial direction by feed of every rotation 16mm that cutting to left and right sword alternative expression is one-sided successively to be cut from right to left respectively;
Two, super depth-of-field microscope is adopted to obtain the left and right wear of the tool flank image of the test tool after repeatedly cutting, obtain image in the left and right point of a knife of test tool for initial point, participating in choosing k sampled point in the cutting edge length range cut, extract the left and right wear of the tool flank width data at k sampling point position place respectively;
Three, according to the left and right wear of the tool flank width data of the test tool obtained, the distribution function of test tool wear of the tool flank width is set up
in formula, x be along cutting edge length direction abration position apart from point width from, y is cutting stroke, and z is cutter wear of the tool flank width, m and n is the most high math power of x and y occurred in binary high order polynomial fitting respectively, and i, j are the power of x and y respectively, p
ijfor term coefficient each in polynomial expression;
Four, to be changed with cutting-edge by this distribution function reflection cutter wear of the tool flank width and the increase of cutting stroke and the characteristic that constantly changes.
2. the measuring method of a kind of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the process redundancy a that in step one, the rotating speed n of test tool is 10rpm, cuts vertically at every turn
pfbe 0.05mm, the left cutting edge of test tool is total to Repeated Cutting 32 times; The right cutting edge of test tool is total to Repeated Cutting 39 times.
3. the measuring method of a kind of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 2, cutting edge length direction along test tool gets a measurement point every 0.75mm, and 10 sampled points obtained apart from point of a knife different distance are measuring position altogether.
4. the measuring method of a kind of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 3, the binary high order polynomial fitting of the distribution function of test tool wear of the tool flank width is:
In formula, x is that y is cutting stroke (m), and z is cutter wear of the tool flank width (μm) along cutting edge length direction abration position apart from point width from (mm).
5. the measuring method of a kind of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the left and right sword angle ε of described test tool
r' be 28 ° of 14', and the cutting edge inclination λ of two cutting edges
swith anterior angle γ
0be 0 °, wherein, left angle of backing off α
1be 6 ° of 12', nose angle ε
rbe 105 ° of 16', tool cutting edge angle K
rbe 74 ° of 44'; Right angle of backing off α
2be 2 ° 34 ", nose angle ε
rbe 102 ° of 58', tool cutting edge angle K
rbe 102 ° of 58', the material of test tool is high speed steel W18Cr4V, and the radius of edge of its left and right cutting edge is respectively 35.22 μm and 36.02 μm, the long l of left cutting edge sword
1for 22.70mm, the long l of right cutting edge sword
2for the long l of sword of 26.55mm, top cutting edge
3for 3.83mm.
6. the measuring method of a kind of turning steep-pitch thread cutter wear of the tool flank width as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described screw thread test specimen is the trapezoidal dextrorotation external thread test specimen of lead angle 2 ° of 36', its entire length is 200mm, two ends diameter is 100mm, two ends length is respectively 30mm and 10mm, middle segment length is 160mm, central diameter is 112mm, internal diameter is 104mm, pitch is 16mm, material is 35CrMo through modifier treatment.
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| CN106944880A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-14 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | The big pitch internal threading tool cutting edge tooth shape retentivity detection method of turning |
| CN107553218A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-01-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of detection method of big pitch internal threading tool vibration of turning to cutter wear of the tool flank widths affect characteristic |
| CN111753433A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-09 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Construction method of moving model of tool rear tool face abrasion area in curved surface turning process |
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| CN111753433A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-09 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | Construction method of moving model of tool rear tool face abrasion area in curved surface turning process |
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| CN112484661A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-12 | 大连理工大学 | Cutter wear three-dimensional shape in-situ detection method based on reversal shape method |
| CN112484661B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-09-21 | 大连理工大学 | Cutter wear three-dimensional shape in-situ detection method based on reversal shape method |
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