CN105547486A - Cooled three-field infrared thermal imager - Google Patents
Cooled three-field infrared thermal imager Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cooled three-field infrared thermal imager comprising an infrared optical system and a detector imaging assembly. F of the infrared optical system is 4, the narrow-field focal length of the optical system is 137mm, the medium-field focal length is 55mm, and the wide-field focal length is 23mm. The optical system comprises an objective lens, a zoom lens, a compensation lens, a rear fixed lens group and a convergence lens group, all of which are coaxially arranged in sequence. Field switching and focusing are implemented by axially moving the zoom lens and the compensation lens. The thermal imager can be applied to a complex environment. In any complex environment, the image contrast and detail resolution can be effectively improved, the effect of image observation can be significantly improved, and high precision in optical coaxiality, angular offset and optical axis consistency and high reliability in high- and low-temperature environments and vibration environments are realized. In addition, the thermal imager has a simple overall structure, the components of the thermal imager are not complicated, and the goal of low weight and small size is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigeration mode three visual field thermal infrared imager.
Background technology
As undertake supervision and reconnaissance mission have man-machine best substitute, unmanned plane just attracts great amount of investment in some countries.As the infrared sensor of unmanned plane useful load, its market demand will increase with the proportional example of unmanned plane.At present, refrigeration mode thermal imaging system small product size is large, and because middle-size and small-size unmanned plane is subject to the restriction in take-off weight, volume, space, its infrared sensor be equipped with mostly is Uncooled infrared camera, and its detection performance, imaging effect are subject to device restriction.
Along with the widespread use of unmanned plane in multiple field, to lightweight, volume is little, detection range is far away, resolution is high, the demand of the refrigeration mode thermal imaging system of three visual fields is also more and more urgent, wherein small field of view is used for the identification of target, middle visual field is used for the detection of target, and Large visual angle is used for search, finds target and possess assisting navigation, landing function.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of refrigeration mode three visual field thermal infrared imager, in order to solve the not good problem of existing thermal infrared imager detection performance.
For achieving the above object, the solution of the present invention comprises a kind of refrigeration mode three visual field thermal infrared imager, comprises infrared optical system and detector image-forming assembly;
The F number of described infrared optical system is 4, and the narrow visual field focal length of this optical system is 137mm, middle visual field focal length is 55mm, wide visual field focal length is 23mm; This optical system comprises object lens, zoom mirror, compensating glass, rear fixed mirror group and the convergent mirror group that same optical axis sets gradually, and realizes visual field switch and focusing by moving axially zoom mirror and compensating glass.
Described infrared eye adopts 640 × 480 miniaturization refrigeration mode detectors; Described infrared optical system has 4 ° × 3 °, 10 ° × 7.5 °, 24 ° × 18 ° three visual fields.
Described rear fixed mirror group comprises the first fixed mirror, the second fixed mirror, the 3rd fixed mirror and the 4th fixed mirror that set gradually, and described convergent mirror group comprises the first convergent mirror and the second convergent mirror that set gradually; Described infrared optical system also comprises catoptron group, this catoptron group comprises the first catoptron, the second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron that set gradually along light path, and the light of described 4th fixed mirror outgoing is injected in described first convergent mirror successively after the reflection of the first catoptron, the second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron.
Described optical system also comprises one and is arranged between the first catoptron and the second catoptron, for the field stop by light signal.
This be optical system when narrow visual field: object lens and zoom mirror are spaced apart 40.6mm, zoom mirror and compensating glass and are spaced apart 8mm, compensating glass and rear fixed mirror group and are spaced apart 8mm; When middle visual field: object lens and zoom mirror are spaced apart 21.6mm, zoom mirror and compensating glass and are spaced apart 20.5mm, compensating glass and rear fixed mirror group and are spaced apart 14.5mm; When wide visual field: object lens and zoom mirror are spaced apart 9.2mm, zoom mirror and compensating glass and are spaced apart 39.4mm, compensating glass and rear fixed mirror group and are spaced apart 8mm;
This optical system is in three visual fields: the first fixed mirror and the second fixed mirror are spaced apart 1mm, second fixed mirror and the 3rd fixed mirror are spaced apart 40.5mm, 3rd fixed mirror and the 4th fixed mirror are spaced apart 2mm, 4th fixed mirror and the first mirror separation are 23mm, first catoptron and field stop are spaced apart 39.37mm, field stop and the second mirror separation are 12.63mm, second catoptron and the 3rd mirror separation are 19mm, 3rd catoptron and the first convergent mirror are spaced apart 8.5mm, first convergent mirror and the second convergent mirror are spaced apart 1mm.
The surface of the surface of the surface of the close image space of described object lens, the surface of close object space of described zoom mirror, the close image space of described compensating glass, the surface of the close object space of described 3rd fixed mirror, the surface of close object space of described 4th fixed mirror and the close object space of described second convergent mirror is aspheric surface, and the surface of the close object space of described 3rd fixed mirror is diffraction surfaces.
Described detector image-forming assembly comprises infrared eye, prober interface module and the signal transacting and image-forming module that are connected in series successively, the Infrared Image Information that described infrared eye exports for receiving described infrared optical system, described prober interface module is for connecting described infrared eye and signal transacting and image-forming module, the described Infrared Image Information that described signal transacting and image-forming module collect for the treatment of infrared eye.
Described thermal imaging system also comprises Control Component, described Control Component comprises zoom and focusing control panel and motor, described zoom and focusing control panel control linkage motor, motor is for controlling zoom mirror and compensating glass moves vertically, and described signal transacting and image-forming module and described zoom and focusing control panel communicate to connect.
Described signal transacting and image-forming module comprise the analog to digital conversion and sequencing unit, image pre-processing unit and video imaging unit that are connected in series successively, the described Infrared Image Information that the input end of analog to digital conversion and sequencing unit collects for receiving described infrared eye.
Described zoom mirror and compensating glass are arranged on a mechanical-optical setup, and this mechanical-optical setup adopts the zoom cage construction of leading screw-polish rod transmission, and described mechanical-optical setup comprises described motor, are switched and focusing to realize visual field by motor.
The infrared optical system that this thermal imaging system adopts is by moving axially the position of zoom mirror and compensating glass, realize visual field to switch, the function of zoom and focusing, and, follow-up image processing section effectively can process the infrared image collected, prevent the unsharp situation of imaging, so, this thermal imaging system is applicable to complex environment, no matter under which kind of complex environment, all effectively can improve picture contrast and details resolution characteristic, significantly improve image viewing effect, realize optics right alignment, angle is inclined, the high precision such as light axis consistency and high and low temperature environment and vibration environment high reliability.In addition, this thermal imaging system one-piece construction is comparatively simple, the composition device related to is uncomplicated, achieves the target of light weight, small size, thus this thermal imaging system can meet unmanned plane to lightweight, volume is little, detection range is far away, resolution is high, the demand of the refrigeration mode thermal imaging system of three visual fields.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this thermal infrared imager;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of narrow visual field infrared optical system in X-Z plane;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of narrow visual field infrared optical system in Z-Y plane;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of middle visual field infrared optical system in X-Z plane;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of middle visual field infrared optical system in Z-Y plane;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of wide visual field infrared optical system in X-Z plane;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of wide visual field infrared optical system in Z-Y plane;
Fig. 8 is the assembling explosive view of infrared optical system and zoom mechanism;
Fig. 9-1 to Fig. 9-3 is assembling three-view diagrams of infrared optical system and zoom mechanism.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Refrigeration mode three visual field provided by the invention thermal infrared imager specifically one can mate Ф 220 gondola, has wide temperature temp sensing function, three visual field lightweight high resolving power refrigeration mode thermal infrared imagers.The functions such as this thermal imaging system has manually, automatic gain and bias-adjusted, automatic focusing, focusing memory and real-time digital image enhancing, it is a kind of small-sized three visual field thermal infrared imagers of refrigeration mode meeting, noncontact, quick and precisely imaging remote to infrared radiation and temperature measuring application.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, this refrigeration mode three visual field thermal infrared imager comprises infrared optical system I and detector image-forming assembly, detector image-forming assembly comprises infrared eye II, prober interface module III and the signal transacting and image-forming module IV that are connected in series successively, the Infrared Image Information that infrared eye II exports for receiving infrared optical system I, and the image information received is processed by signal transacting and image-forming module IV.
This infrared optical system I comprises object lens, zoom mirror, compensating glass, rear fixed mirror group and the convergent mirror group that same optical axis sets gradually, and the narrow visual field focal length of this optical system is 137mm, middle visual field focal length is 55mm, wide visual field focal length is 23mm; Realize visual field switch and focusing by moving axially zoom mirror and compensating glass.For satisfied reception target emanation as much as possible, improve system signal noise ratio, optical system I must possess comparatively object lens of large relative aperture meeting under volume requirement.According to detector performance parameters and system index, determine that the F number of optical system is 4.In order to effective mitigation system volume, and ensure image quality, optical system adopts the mode of axial zoom, realize the switching of three visual fields, and adopt thrihedral reflector folded optical path, reduce spatial volume, partial lens adopts aspheric surface and diffraction surfaces design, to ensure high performance image quality, in addition, moved by compensating glass and focus, compensate under the environment temperature of-40 DEG C ~+60 DEG C, the impact that the system picture element that image planes drift causes declines, makes image planes again focus on detector focal plane.So, by regulating zoom mirror and compensating glass, and adopt folding spread out the technical methods such as mixing, secondary imaging, three space reflections and axial zoom, compensate integrated mode of focusing, have compressed optical dimensions, realize 4 ° × 3 °, 10 ° × 7.5 °, 24 ° × 18 ° three visual fields.
In the present embodiment, a kind of concrete embodiment of this optical system is provided:
Rear fixed mirror group comprises the first fixed mirror 4, second fixed mirror 5, the 3rd fixed mirror 6 and the 4th fixed mirror 7 that arrange with optical axis successively, and convergent mirror group comprises successively with the first convergent mirror 12 and the second convergent mirror 13 that optical axis is arranged; This catoptron group comprises catoptron group, this catoptron group is be made up of the first catoptron 8, second catoptron 10 set gradually along light path and the 3rd catoptron 11, and the light of the 4th fixed mirror 7 outgoing is injected in the first convergent mirror 12 successively after the reflection of the first catoptron 8, second catoptron 10 and the 3rd catoptron 11.One is provided with for the field stop 9 by light signal between the first catoptron 8 and the second catoptron 10.Detector 14 is arranged in the light path of the second convergent mirror 13 outgoing.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, when zoom mirror 2, compensating glass 3 lay respectively at A1, B1 position, this optical system forms narrow visual field light path.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, when motor drive zoom mirror 2 respectively, compensating glass 3 move to A2, B2 position time, this optical system form in visual field light path.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, when motor drive zoom mirror 2 respectively, compensating glass 3 move to A3, B1 position time, this optical system forms wide visual field light path.When motor drive zoom mirror 2 respectively, compensating glass 3 get back to A1, B1 position time, revert to narrow visual field light path.
Drive zoom mirror 2 by motor, the change in location of compensating glass 3 can realize narrow, in, the axis conversion of wide three visual fields.
The compensating glass 3 of this system doubles as focusing lens, whole optical system adopts two motors to drive zoom mirror and compensating glass respectively, can meet this optical system imaging quality without the need to the 3rd focusing motor, which is the bulk of mitigation system and complete machine weight significantly.Under temperature variation, motor drives compensating glass 3 to move forward and backward along optical axis, ensures that optical system is temperature range three visual field high-quality imagings of-40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C.
As shown in Figures 2 to 7, native system adopts three catoptrons: catoptron 8,10,11, can be turned back by space and image objects rotated, such as can half-twist, solve the problem that adapted detector refrigeration machine direction is identical with this optical system long side direction, avoid the risk of detector refrigeration machine bend pipe.Adopt catoptron group folded optical path; The volume of this system is 162mm (length) × 64mm (wide) × 37mm (height); Its detector be suitable for can be the refrigeration mode infrared focal plane detector of 320 × 256,384 × 288,640 × 512, and wavelength is medium wave 3 μm ~ 5 μm.
This system object lens 1, zoom mirror 2, compensating glass 3, fixed mirror 4 lenticule spacing data when narrow visual field are: object lens 1 and zoom mirror 2 are spaced apart 40.6mm, zoom mirror 2 and compensating glass 3 and are spaced apart 8mm, compensating glass 3 and fixed mirror 4 and are spaced apart 8mm.
During middle visual field, object lens 1, zoom mirror 2, compensating glass 3, fixed mirror 4 lenticule spacing data are: object lens 1 and zoom mirror 2 are spaced apart 21.6mm, zoom mirror 2 and compensating glass 3 and are spaced apart 20.5mm, compensating glass 3 and fixed mirror 4 and are spaced apart 14.5mm.
During wide visual field, object lens 1, zoom mirror 2, compensating glass 3, fixed mirror 4 lenticule spacing data are: object lens 1 and zoom mirror 2 are spaced apart 9.2mm, zoom mirror 2 and compensating glass 3 and are spaced apart 39.4mm, compensating glass 3 and fixed mirror 4 and are spaced apart 8mm.
In three visual fields: fixed mirror 4, fixed mirror 5, fixed mirror 6, fixed mirror 7, catoptron 8, field stop 9, catoptron 10, catoptron 11, convergent mirror 12, the data of convergent mirror 13: fixed mirror 4 and fixed mirror 5 are spaced apart 1mm, fixed mirror 5 and fixed mirror 6 are spaced apart 40.5mm, fixed mirror 6 and fixed mirror 7 are spaced apart 2mm, fixed mirror 7 and catoptron 8 are spaced apart 23mm, catoptron 8 and field stop 9 are spaced apart 39.37mm, field stop 9 and catoptron 10 are spaced apart 12.63mm, catoptron 10 and catoptron 11 are spaced apart 19mm, catoptron 11 and convergent mirror 12 are spaced apart 8.5mm, convergent mirror 12 and convergent mirror 13 are spaced apart 1mm.
The surface of the surface of the surface of the close image space of object lens, the surface of the close object space of zoom mirror, the close image space of compensating glass, the surface of the close object space of the 3rd fixed mirror, the surface of close object space of the 4th fixed mirror and the close object space of the second convergent mirror is aspheric surface, and the surface of the close object space of the 3rd fixed mirror is diffraction surfaces.
One group of optical parametric of this optical system is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
In order to meet the small form factor requirements of thermal imaging system, the detector in this thermal imaging system is 640 × 480 miniaturization refrigeration mode detectors, and performance index are as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| Technical indicator | Medium wave detector |
| Pixel number | 640×480 |
| Pixel size | 15μm |
| Response wave band | 3.7μm～4.8μm |
| Average N ETD | 25mk |
| Cold screen F number | 4 |
| Cooling mode | Stirling-electric hybrid |
Prober interface module III drives the electric interfaces of detector, is the connection tie between infrared eye II and signal transacting and image-forming module IV, for connecting infrared eye and signal transacting and image-forming module.
+ 7V signal to be become by LDO linear voltage regulator the+5V voltage that infrared eye II works by prober interface module III, then by resistance capacitance filtering, eventually passes standard of precision voltage source and produces infrared eye II and to work required various bias voltage values; In addition, the four road analog picture signals that infrared eye II exports by prober interface module III first carry out filtering, the works for the treatment of such as impedance matching through following impact damper, then give A/D change-over circuit, complete image digitazation process by A/D chip.
Signal transacting and image-forming module IV comprise the analog to digital conversion and sequencing unit, image pre-processing unit and video imaging unit that are connected in series successively, the Infrared Image Information that the input end of analog to digital conversion and sequencing unit collects for receiving infrared eye II.The major function of this signal transacting and image-forming module IV is the initialization of detector duty, the analog to digital conversion of detector output data and multichannel sequence, Nonuniformity Correction, detector bad pixel replacement, greyscale transformation, Real-time image enhancement, video imaging and temp sensing function etc.
Signal transacting and the concrete data handling procedure of image-forming module IV are:
After the 14 bit digitizing picture signals that signal transacting and image-forming module IV pick-up probe interface module III export, first be sent to FPGA and carry out Image semantic classification, Image semantic classification process comprises the process such as image data acquiring, nonuniformity correction, Real-time image enhancement, statistics with histogram, thermometric, then the view data after coding exports analog video signal through video imaging circuit, observes infrared image finally by monitor; Embedded NIOS processor completes nonuniformity correction coefficient calculations in Image semantic classification, grey scale mapping table and bad unit table and calculates, resolve host computer order and add the functions such as character.FPGA and NIOS adopts sort run when rattling.NIOS calculates and generates real-time nonuniformity correction matrix of coefficients and result write in coefficient FLASH, when powering at every turn, nonuniformity correction coefficient read by coefficient FLASH and write in coefficient memory, FPGA calls this coefficient, then real-time nonuniformity correction calculating is carried out, while calculating, frame deposits the address that address accumulator produces frame memory, after calculating terminates, by after correction data Real-time image enhancement and filtering stored in frame memory, treat the pel data end of output that infrared eye II is all, a width is stored in during frame deposits through the picture data of overcorrect.After FPGA completes the process of a width infrared picture data, infrared picture data is deposited middle reading from frame by NIOS, carry out the subsequent treatment work such as biased adjustment, Gain tuning of the filling of bad pixel, view data, after process terminates, by in the writing data into memory RAM after process, the video imaging circuit be supplied to below carries out Computer image genration.Infrared picture data calculates through real-time nonuniformity correction, NIOS bad pixel filling, biased and Gain tuning, can export as standard video image data, NIOS is by the left end of these data write double port memory, read from right-hand member by video imaging circuit, the write of NIOS and the read operation of video circuit are placed in different storage spaces respectively and hocket.FPGA carries out real time histogram statistical work to the data after nonuniformity correction, the result of statistics is stored in histogram memory, NIOS reads the data in histogram memory, carry out plateau equalization process, while enhancing contrast, complete the dynamic range compression of vision signal within the scope of effective temperature, generate bit mapping question blank, data during frame is deposited can directly utilize this mapping table, by the data-mapping within the scope of large temperature dynamic in little video dynamic range.Video imaging circuit part is made up of display-memory, digital video code and corresponding control circuit, completes digital signal and changes to standard P AL-D analog video signal.
Signal transacting and image-forming module IV adopt Real-time image enhancement filtering technique, utilize contrast operator feedback topography of topography information, set up filtering and select module, to different contrast region in image, selecting different filtering method, when retaining image enhaucament details, effectively suppressing low-dynamic range response region ground unrest, improve picture contrast and details resolution characteristic, improve image viewing effect.Infrared image after the enhancing of 640 × 512 pixels, also contains the low region of contrast containing the region that contrast is high in image.Building a size is the filter window of 7 × 7, and namely n is taken as 3.Get i=4, j=4, then f (i, j)=f (4,4), f (4,4) be original image pixels point gray-scale value that filter window centre coordinate point is corresponding, filter window center and coordinate are that the original image pixels point of (4,4) overlaps, the original image region contrast asking filter window corresponding:
Then the weighting coefficient of each pixel corresponding to filter window is asked for according to following formula:
Carry out filtering according to following formula ask for filtered image pixel gray-scale value g (i, j) corresponding to filter window centre coordinate point and export, wherein tt1=18, tt2=10; Because nDis=16, tt2<16<tt1, therefore nn=2,
The like, obtain other image slices vegetarian refreshments gray-scale value, draw filtered result images.
This image enhaucament filtering technique has taken into full account the local contrast of image slices vegetarian refreshments, to different contrast region in image, select different filtering method, the impact of filtering method on image edge details can be reduced like this, if current point is in the higher fringe region of contrast, then choose smaller filter strength, otherwise, then select heavier filter strength, and what adopt in filtering is the filtering method can taking into account all pixel gray-scale value sizes in filter window and central point pixel size difference, if the gray-scale value of pixel is more close to all pixel gray-scale values of this window in window, then its weights are larger, on the contrary, if the gray-scale value of this pixel differs larger with central point pixel value, then its weights also reduce accordingly, high bright spot and noise spot interference can be got rid of like this.
Signal transacting and image-forming module IV, according to the ground complex environment characteristics of image extracted, adopt Real-time image enhancement technology, improve picture contrast and details resolution characteristic, significantly improve image viewing effect.In addition, signal transacting and image-forming module IV carry out communication with display or other data output apparatus and are connected, and the Infrared Image Information after being processed into picture is exported to display or other data output apparatus.
This thermal imaging system adopts based on blackbody temperature and image intensity value mapping look-up of table method, in conjunction with Technology of Data Fitting, obtain accurate temperature grey scale mapping relation, realize 0.6 DEG C of high precision measuring temperature function, adopt wise temperature calibration and handoff technique integral time, realize-10 DEG C of-150 DEG C of wide temperature temp sensing functions.Realize thermal bulb to demarcate and infrared real time temperature measurement two processes containing infrared measurement of temperature.Because image intensity value is mainly by target temperature radiation value and ambient temperature effect, first thermometric demarcation is carried out to thermal imaging system, find out absolute black body temperature, relation between environment temperature and image intensity value, obtain-10 DEG C of-150 DEG C of scopes, be spaced apart a large amount of calibration samples of corresponding point gray-scale value on the blackbody temperature of 1 DEG C, environment temperature and image, then carry out multidimensional curve data fit technology by MATTLAB function, set up complete temperature lookup table on computers.Due to detector to high-temperature targets easily saturated, Low Temperature Target signal is more weak, is calibrated by wise temperature, selects different imaging integral time to different temperatures target, ensures that high temperature detection response is unsaturated, Low Temperature Target has enough responses.During infrared real time temperature measurement, first thermal imaging system camera lens is blocked, the reference-calibrating gray scale corresponding to environment temperature is found by the temperature lookup table searched in FPGA embedded software, try to achieve the value of the difference of shelter target gray scale and atmospheric reference gray scale, using this absolute value and reference-calibrating gray scale and as corresponding thermometric tabular gray-scale, then obtain by tabling look-up and carry out accurate Calculation to target temperature, this technology can eliminate the impact of infrared eye heterogeneity on temperature measurement accuracy.
In order to automatically control zoom mirror and compensating glass, this thermal imaging system also comprises Control Component V, Control Component V comprises zoom and focusing control panel and motor, motor is for controlling zoom mirror and compensating glass moves vertically, zoom and focusing control panel is by flexible cable control linkage motor, Control Component V adopts RS422 communication mode to carry out information interaction with signal transacting and image-forming module IV, Electric Machine Control is carried out according to signal transacting and image-forming module IV instruction, drive zoom mirror and the compensating glass motion of optical system I, realize visual field to switch, focusing, nonuniformity correction, the functions such as focusing memory, and by signal feedback to signal transacting and image-forming module IV.In order to control effectively to zoom mirror and compensating glass, in the present embodiment, zoom mirror and compensating glass are arranged on a mechanical-optical setup, this mechanical-optical setup adopts the zoom cage construction of leading screw-polish rod transmission, electromechanics is in transmission connection this mechanical-optical setup, is switched and focusing to realize visual field by this mechanical-optical setup of driven by motor.
Due to space constraint, Control Component V adopts brand-new monolithic driving chip DRV8800 as small electromotor driving chip, and this chip has two control signals, controls direction and the motor speed of motor respectively, direction of motion and the speed of zoom motor can be changed, thus realize the switching of visual field.Adopt monolithic driving chip A3984 as the double small electromotor driving chip of focusing, control direction and the motor speed of motor respectively, direction of motion and the speed of motor can be changed by this chip easily, thus realize focusing, compensate function.This thermal imaging system can realize two kinds of focusing modes: automatic focusing and manual focusing.Gathered the image of certain window size during automatic focusing by signal transacting and image-forming module IV, calculated by suitable image algorithm whether present position image is clear sends regulating command for criterion.Dsp software according to this instruction output pwm signal, and controls power amplifier driving chip, drives focusing driven by motor eyeglass to move forward and backward, thus realizes automatic focusing controlling functions.Manual focusing is the order being sent adjustment by host computer, and dsp software according to result output pwm signal, and controls power amplifier driving chip, drives focusing driven by motor eyeglass to move forward and backward, thus realizes manual focusing controlling functions.Also be provided with hall device as sensor at the extreme position of motor, after sensing hall device, namely control motor stalling to prevent stall.
This thermal infrared imager, mechanical-optical setup adopts the zoom cage mechanism of leading screw-polish rod transmission, flexible cable connects split type control panel and Integral imaging controls power supply, realize the target of 181mm × 114mm × 101.7mm small size, 2.1Kg light weight, and it is complicated at product component, when zoom, Compensation Regulation link are many, realize optics right alignment, angle partially, the high precision such as light axis consistency and high and low temperature environment and vibration environment high reliability.Because this bare engine module and above-mentioned optical system are respectively two independently devices, there is no absolute relation between the two, so, icon in the icon of each ingredient in this bare engine module and above-mentioned optical system all indicates from 1, but this does not affect respective explanation, following content is described optical-electric module.See Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, be middle fixed mirror group 9 and rear fixed mirror group 10 by rear fixed mirror component, this thermal imaging system comprises: infrared base 6, zoom parts 4, compensate focusing component 5, middle fixed mirror group 9, to turn back base 12, rear fixed mirror group 10, post-concentration mirror group 11 and detector parts 20.Objective lens parts 3 to be fixed on before infrared base 6 in mounting hole by screw 1 and pressing plate, zoom parts 4 are supported by two groups of linear bearings of its inside and two straight optical axis be arranged on infrared base 6, simultaneously, the journal stirrup of zoom parts 4 and the Flange joint of ball-screw 7, the two ends of ball-screw 7 screw mandrel are by being arranged on 3 little roller bearings on infrared base 6, the output shaft of screw mandrel with zoom drive motor 21 is connected by shaft coupling 22 at the clamped end of ball-screw 7 screw mandrel, the screw mandrel center line of ball-screw 7 is coaxial with the center line of zoom drive motor 21 output shaft.Compensate focusing component 5 to be supported by two groups of linear bearings of its inside and two straight optical axis 23 be arranged on infrared base 6, the driving shaft compensating focus drive section part 18 is fixed together by nut by adapter and compensation focusing component 5, the wherein center line of driving shaft and the centerline parallel of straight optical axis 23.Middle fixed mirror group 9 is fixedly connected with by screw with infrared base 6 by end face of flange and external cylindrical surface thereof, base 12 of turning back is fixedly connected with infrared base 6 by screw, rear fixed mirror group 10 to be fixed on before base 12 of turning back in mounting hole by trim ring, catoptron one parts 15 are connected by screw with base 12 of turning back, catoptron two parts 13 are connected by screw with base 12 of turning back, catoptron three parts 14 are connected by screw with base 12 of turning back, and rear converging lenses group 11 is fixed on by pressing plate with base 12 of turning back and turns back in the rear mounting hole of base 12.Visual field switches and the course of action of focusing is: after the control signal of controller exports zoom drive motor 21 to, by shaft coupling 22, the rotary motion of zoom drive motor 21 is passed to the screw mandrel of ball-screw 7, by the rotary actuation feed screw nut of screw mandrel along ball screw axially-movable, feed screw nut is linked together by screw and zoom parts 4, the lens of zoom parts 4 and mounted thereto are moved along the straight optical axis 23 parallel with ball-screw, and the electricity that the zoom Hall switch be arranged on infrared base 6 by 3 carries out zoom parts 4 is spacing.After the control signal of controller exports the linear electric motors compensated in focus drive section part 18 to, linear electric motors are driven by adapter and compensate focusing component 5 and move along parallel with straight-line electric arbor two straight optical axis, and compensating to bit switch 17 by two, to compensate the electricity of focusing component 5 spacing.When zoom parts 4, to be positioned at electricity spacing near large objective lens parts, and compensating when focusing component is arranged in electricity spacing close fixed mirror group position is the Large visual angle state of thermal imaging system; When zoom parts 4 are positioned at the spacing centre position of electricity, be the field conditions of thermal imaging system when compensation focusing component is arranged in electric spacing close large objective lens parts position; When zoom parts 4, to be arranged in electricity spacing near fixed mirror group position, and compensating when focusing component 5 is arranged in electricity spacing close fixed mirror group position is the small field of view state of thermal imaging system; When zoom parts 4 are positioned at the spacing centre position of electricity, be the nonuniformity correction state of thermal imaging system when compensation focusing component 5 is arranged in electric spacing close fixed mirror group position.
In order to power to each device in thermal imaging system, this thermal imaging system also comprises power supply module VI, and this power supply module VI connects the feeder ear of infrared eye II, prober interface module III, signal transacting and image-forming module IV, zoom and focusing control panel and motor respectively.Power supply module VI uses 28V DC power supply, the break-make inputted by Control 28V power supply by external start signal, and comprises overcurrent-overvoltage protecting circuit.+ 5V ,+7V that power supply module VI produces ,+9V ,+12V four kinds of voltages: the circuit board that+5V voltage is mainly supplied to signal transacting and image-forming module IV and Control Component V uses; + 7V voltage analog voltage is mainly supplied to prober interface module III use, various operating voltage required during various bias voltages required when providing infrared eye II to work, A/D conversion; + 9V voltage is mainly supplied to infrared eye II refrigerator and uses; The motor that+12V voltage is mainly supplied to Control Component V uses.In addition, this power supply module VI adopts the measures such as input power filtering, module shield, the isolation of common mode ground wire, rear end output voltage filtering, to reduce voltage ripple and interference noise, thus effective resolution when ensureing detector sensitivity and rear end A/D conversion.
The heat radiation of object scene, be focused on the focal plane of detector II through optical system I, opto-electronic conversion and signal transacting is completed by prober interface module III, signal transacting and image-forming module IV, form the Infrared video image of target and background scenery, observe for operating personnel, Control Component V, by the motion of control both optical system I, completes the function such as focusing, visual field switching.
This thermal imaging system can realize the target of 181mm × 114mm × 101.7mm small size, 2.1Kg light weight, and complicated at product component, when zoom, Compensation Regulation link are many, realizes high precision and high reliability.And, the small-sized three visual field thermal infrared imagers of this refrigeration mode are by wise temperature calibration and handoff technique integral time, solve hot stage signal easily saturated, the difficult problem that cold stage signal is more weak, realizes the wide temperature high precision measuring temperature function that temperature-measuring range is-10 DEG C-150 DEG C, precision is 0.6 DEG C, and, real-time digital image is adopted to strengthen technology, be applicable to complex environment, improve picture contrast and details resolution characteristic, significantly improve image viewing effect.
In above-described embodiment, controlled the axial location of zoom mirror and compensating glass by Control Component, as other embodiment, if artificial when meeting fine adjustment, zoom mirror and compensating glass can also artificially regulate, and do not need to arrange Control Component.
In above-described embodiment, give the assembly structure of a kind of optical system and zoom mechanism, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned assembly structure, as long as can realize its effect, other assembly structure is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Be presented above concrete embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.Basic ideas of the present invention are above-mentioned basic scheme, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to instruction of the present invention, designing the model of various distortion, formula, parameter does not need to spend creative work.The change carried out embodiment without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, amendment, replacement and modification still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a refrigeration mode three visual field thermal infrared imager, is characterized in that, comprises infrared optical system and detector image-forming assembly;
The F number of described infrared optical system is 4, and the narrow visual field focal length of this optical system is 137mm, middle visual field focal length is 55mm, wide visual field focal length is 23mm; This optical system comprises object lens, zoom mirror, compensating glass, rear fixed mirror group and the convergent mirror group that same optical axis sets gradually, and realizes visual field switch and focusing by moving axially zoom mirror and compensating glass.
2. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 1 thermal infrared imager, is characterized in that, described infrared eye adopts 640 × 480 miniaturization refrigeration mode detectors; Described infrared optical system has 4 ° × 3 °, 10 ° × 7.5 °, 24 ° × 18 ° three visual fields.
3. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 1 and 2 thermal infrared imager, it is characterized in that, described rear fixed mirror group comprises the first fixed mirror, the second fixed mirror, the 3rd fixed mirror and the 4th fixed mirror that set gradually, and described convergent mirror group comprises the first convergent mirror and the second convergent mirror that set gradually; Described infrared optical system also comprises catoptron group, this catoptron group comprises the first catoptron, the second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron that set gradually along light path, and the light of described 4th fixed mirror outgoing is injected in described first convergent mirror successively after the reflection of the first catoptron, the second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron.
4. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 3 thermal infrared imager, is characterized in that, described optical system also comprises one and is arranged between the first catoptron and the second catoptron, for the field stop by light signal.
5. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 4 thermal infrared imager, is characterized in that, this be optical system when narrow visual field: object lens and zoom mirror are spaced apart 40.6mm, zoom mirror and compensating glass and are spaced apart 8mm, compensating glass and rear fixed mirror group and are spaced apart 8mm; When middle visual field: object lens and zoom mirror are spaced apart 21.6mm, zoom mirror and compensating glass and are spaced apart 20.5mm, compensating glass and rear fixed mirror group and are spaced apart 14.5mm; When wide visual field: object lens and zoom mirror are spaced apart 9.2mm, zoom mirror and compensating glass and are spaced apart 39.4mm, compensating glass and rear fixed mirror group and are spaced apart 8mm;
This optical system is in three visual fields: the first fixed mirror and the second fixed mirror are spaced apart 1mm, second fixed mirror and the 3rd fixed mirror are spaced apart 40.5mm, 3rd fixed mirror and the 4th fixed mirror are spaced apart 2mm, 4th fixed mirror and the first mirror separation are 23mm, first catoptron and field stop are spaced apart 39.37mm, field stop and the second mirror separation are 12.63mm, second catoptron and the 3rd mirror separation are 19mm, 3rd catoptron and the first convergent mirror are spaced apart 8.5mm, first convergent mirror and the second convergent mirror are spaced apart 1mm.
6. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 4 thermal infrared imager, it is characterized in that, the surface of the surface of the surface of the close image space of described object lens, the surface of close object space of described zoom mirror, the close image space of described compensating glass, the surface of the close object space of described 3rd fixed mirror, the surface of close object space of described 4th fixed mirror and the close object space of described second convergent mirror is aspheric surface, and the surface of the close object space of described 3rd fixed mirror is diffraction surfaces.
7. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 1 thermal infrared imager, it is characterized in that, described detector image-forming assembly comprises infrared eye, prober interface module and the signal transacting and image-forming module that are connected in series successively, the Infrared Image Information that described infrared eye exports for receiving described infrared optical system, described prober interface module is for connecting described infrared eye and signal transacting and image-forming module, the described Infrared Image Information that described signal transacting and image-forming module collect for the treatment of infrared eye.
8. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 7 thermal infrared imager, it is characterized in that, described thermal imaging system also comprises Control Component, described Control Component comprises zoom and focusing control panel and motor, described zoom and focusing control panel control linkage motor, motor is for controlling zoom mirror and compensating glass moves vertically, and described signal transacting and image-forming module and described zoom and focusing control panel communicate to connect.
9. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 7 thermal infrared imager, it is characterized in that, described signal transacting and image-forming module comprise the analog to digital conversion and sequencing unit, image pre-processing unit and video imaging unit that are connected in series successively, the described Infrared Image Information that the input end of analog to digital conversion and sequencing unit collects for receiving described infrared eye.
10. refrigeration mode three visual field according to claim 7 thermal infrared imager, it is characterized in that, described zoom mirror and compensating glass are arranged on a mechanical-optical setup, this mechanical-optical setup adopts the zoom cage construction of leading screw-polish rod transmission, described mechanical-optical setup comprises described motor, is switched and focusing to realize visual field by motor.
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| CN114137699A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-04 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | Small high-resolution athermalized medium-wave infrared optical system |
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