CN105545265A - Large-area tight gas reservoir exploitation method - Google Patents
Large-area tight gas reservoir exploitation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105545265A CN105545265A CN201610002199.0A CN201610002199A CN105545265A CN 105545265 A CN105545265 A CN 105545265A CN 201610002199 A CN201610002199 A CN 201610002199A CN 105545265 A CN105545265 A CN 105545265A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
Abstract
The invention provides a large-area tight gas reservoir exploitation method. The large-area tight gas reservoir exploitation method comprises the following steps that a relative enrichment region is selected, the production building region gas bearing area and the proven geological reserve in the relative enrichment region are determined, the production building region gas bearing area is the area of a deployable well location, and then the production building region area of horizontal wells and the production building region area of vertical wells are determined according to geological and seismic data; the vertical well indexes and the horizontal well indexes are determined; the well pattern and well spacing of the vertical wells and the well pattern and well spacing of the horizontal wells are determined; the well number limit of the horizontal wells and the vertical wells is determined according to the well pattern and well spacing, the production building region area of the vertical wells and the production building region area of the horizontal wells; gas reservoir exploitation of the relative enrichment region comprises a gas reservoir production building period, a gas reservoir stable production period and a gas reservoir decline period, and the gas reservoir exploitation indexes are determined. The method is suitable for a large-area tight gas reservoir, the exploitation efficacy is improved, and the recovery rate is increased while the good exploitation benefit is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas mining field, particularly relate to a kind of large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method.
Background technology
Tight gas reservoir (TightGas) refers to that permeability is less than the sandstone formation natural gas pool of 0.1 millidarcy (mD).Large-area compact gas reservoir typically refer to be different from normal gas pools, area is greater than the tight gas reservoir of 1000 sq-kms.Tight gas reservoir, as a kind of important natural gas resource, becomes the main growth factor of gas production gradually.For normal gas pools exploitation method, building producing region block is determine by gas reservoir border; Gas well deliverability determines every a bite well; Connective good due to reservoir relative homogeneous, generally there is no the concept of well pattern, and well spacing is generally determine according to building product scale, well number and gas-bearing area; It is adopt wide-spaced well high-yield mode that stable yields is taken over, and gas well production rate-maintenance capability determines gas reservoir stable production period; The each index parameter of final exploitation method is deterministic.And large-area compact Gas Reservoir non-homogeneity is strong, gas well index parameter difference is large and gas well quantity is large, if adopt normal gas pools exploitation method must cause the uncertainty of production index, cannot improve exploitation usefulness.
Therefore, in order to solve many deficiencies and the defect of above-mentioned prior art, be necessary to study a kind of large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method.
Summary of the invention
Consider at least one the problems referred to above and complete the present invention, and one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method.This large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method comprises the following steps:
A, select relative enrichment region, determine this relative enrichment region built-in producing region gas-bearing area and verify oil in place, described producing region gas-bearing area of building is the area can disposing well location, and then, base area matter seismic data determination horizontal well builds producing region area and straight well builds producing region area;
B, determine straight well and horizontal well index: according to the type of test well and the single well phase of pilot production gas data determination horizontal well and straight well in early stage, with individual well output per day size in the single well phase for horizontal well and straight well are divided into multiclass by standard, determine the ratio that all kinds of horizontal well is shared in whole horizontal well and the ratio of all kinds of straight well shared by whole straight well, and the well yield of all kinds of horizontal well and all kinds of straight well every day within the single well phase, by straight well in the weighted average determination single well phase and the individual well average product of horizontal well every day;
Setting straight well and the abandonment rate of horizontal well and abandoned well bottom pressure, predict the final cumulative production of the individual well of all kinds of horizontal well and all kinds of straight well, and by the individual well average accumulated output of weighted average determination straight well and horizontal well;
Output and time relationship model is set up according to test well data, determine the production decline law of single well after date straight well and horizontal well, determine that straight well and horizontal well are in the annual lapse rate of single well after date, in conjunction with above-mentioned abandonment rate and abandoned well bottom pressure, determine the discarded life-span of straight well and horizontal well;
C, determine straight well Well Pattern And Spacing and horizontal well patterns well spacing;
D, build producing region area according to described Well Pattern And Spacing, straight well and horizontal well, determine horizontal well and the straight well well number limit;
E, gas reservoir is divided into build term, gas reservoir stable production period and gas reservoir decline period the gas reservoir exploitation of relative enrichment region, be multiplied by large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate determined gas reservoir year stable production period gas production scale by described oil in place of verifying, wherein large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate is 1.1-1.5%; According to year stable production period gas production scale, the discarded life-span and the ground installation that consider straight well and horizontal well make full use of degree, determine gas reservoir time limit stable production period; According to existing drilling duty, straight well horizontal well index and year stable production period gas production scale, determine that the straight well and horizontal well quantity needing to build built in term by the shortest product time of building and gas reservoir, wherein, build term using the product time of building that this is the shortest as gas reservoir; In gas reservoir stable production period, according to the index of year stable production period gas production scale and horizontal well straight well, determine the quantity needing horizontal well and the straight well increased newly in gas reservoir stable production period; In gas reservoir decline period, no longer its construction level well and straight well, until the discarded life-span of the horizontal well built and straight well expire.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the discarded life-span of horizontal well is greater than the discarded life-span of straight well, and at gas reservoir preferential its construction level well in early stage stable production period, the later stage builds straight well, to shorten gas reservoir decline period.
According to a further aspect of the invention, fine setting year stable production period gas production scale, the horizontal well and straight well quantity that gas reservoir are built build in term and stable production period are close to the limit.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
This gas reservoir exploitation method is adapted to large-area compact gas reservoir, improves exploitation usefulness, while obtaining good development benefit, achieves the raising of recovery ratio.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the straight well well pattern schematic diagram adopted according to the large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method of a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the horizontal-well network schematic diagram adopted according to the large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method of a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 joins product and ultimate cumulative recovery example according to three class straight well differences of a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the average product annual decline rate caluclate table example according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 produced and ultimate cumulative recovery example according to the joining of horizontal well three class well of a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the gas reservoir exploitation index example according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing; by preferred embodiment, preferred forms of the present invention is described; here detailed description of the invention is to explain the present invention; and should not be construed as limitation of the present invention; when not departing from spirit of the present invention and essential scope; can make various changes and modifications, these all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method.This large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method comprises the following steps:
A, select relative enrichment region, determine this relative enrichment region built-in producing region gas-bearing area and verify oil in place, described producing region gas-bearing area of building is the area can disposing well location, and then, base area matter seismic data determination horizontal well builds producing region area and straight well builds producing region area;
B, determine straight well and horizontal well index: according to the type of test well and the single well phase of pilot production gas data determination horizontal well and straight well in early stage, with individual well output per day size in the single well phase for horizontal well and straight well are divided into multiclass by standard, determine the ratio that all kinds of horizontal well is shared in whole horizontal well and the ratio of all kinds of straight well shared by whole straight well, and the well yield of all kinds of horizontal well and all kinds of straight well every day within the single well phase, by straight well in the weighted average determination single well phase and the individual well average product of horizontal well every day;
Setting straight well and the abandonment rate of horizontal well and abandoned well bottom pressure, predict the final cumulative production of the individual well of all kinds of horizontal well and all kinds of straight well, and by the individual well average accumulated output of weighted average determination straight well and horizontal well;
Output and time relationship model is set up according to test well data, determine the production decline law of single well after date straight well and horizontal well, determine that straight well and horizontal well are in the annual lapse rate of single well after date, in conjunction with above-mentioned abandonment rate and abandoned well bottom pressure, determine the discarded life-span of straight well and horizontal well;
C, determine straight well Well Pattern And Spacing and horizontal well patterns well spacing.For example, see Fig. 1-2, illustrated therein is 600 × 800m diamond shaped pattern that straight well adopts, 1600 × 600m staggered well pattern that horizontal well adopts.
D, build producing region area according to described Well Pattern And Spacing, straight well and horizontal well, determine horizontal well and the straight well well number limit;
E, gas reservoir is divided into build term, gas reservoir stable production period and gas reservoir decline period the gas reservoir exploitation of relative enrichment region, be multiplied by large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate determined gas reservoir year stable production period gas production scale by described oil in place of verifying, wherein large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate is 1.1-1.5%; According to year stable production period gas production scale, the discarded life-span and the ground installation that consider straight well and horizontal well make full use of degree, determine gas reservoir time limit stable production period; According to existing drilling duty, straight well horizontal well index and year stable production period gas production scale, determine that the straight well and horizontal well quantity needing to build built in term by the shortest product time of building and gas reservoir, wherein, build term using the product time of building that this is the shortest as gas reservoir; In gas reservoir stable production period, according to the index of year stable production period gas production scale and horizontal well straight well, determine the quantity needing horizontal well and the straight well increased newly in gas reservoir stable production period; In gas reservoir decline period, no longer its construction level well and straight well, until the discarded life-span of the horizontal well built and straight well expire.
Preferably, the discarded life-span of horizontal well is greater than the discarded life-span of straight well, and at gas reservoir preferential its construction level well in early stage stable production period, the later stage builds straight well, to shorten gas reservoir decline period.
Preferably, fine setting year stable production period gas production scale, the horizontal well and straight well quantity that gas reservoir are built build in term and stable production period are close to the limit.
Preferably, the explanation of exploitation method is carried out below for certain large-area compact gas reservoir.
Usually, in early stage exploration process, be furnished with certain exploratory well in advance, this exploratory well is carrying out pilot production gas as test well in the future, also additionally can arrange the test well of some as required, the part that these test wells finally can be used as recovery well carries out gas reservoir exploitation simultaneously.According to early stage exploratory well and geologic information display, this gas reservoir gas-bearing area 2635.94 sq-km, verifies oil in place 3157.44 × 10
8cube.
In steps A, it is be applicable to arranging the region area of horizontal well that horizontal well builds producing region area, and it is determined by data such as gas reservoir thickness, and straight well is built producing region area and can be deducted horizontal well and build producing region area to determine by building producing region gas-bearing area.In this example, by selecting relative enrichment region, determining to build producing region gas-bearing area 443 sq-km, verifying oil in place 472 × 10
8cube.Wherein, horizontal well builds producing region area 117 sq-km, verifies oil in place 144.25 × 10
8cube.
In stepb, see Fig. 3, be divided three classes by straight well, the ratio of I, II, III class well is respectively 27.8%, 38.9%, 33.3%.During straight well stable yields 1 year, the average of joining product, ultimate cumulative recovery and three class wells of all kinds of well refers to Fig. 3, wherein on average joins product 1.90 and is drawn by 3*27.8%+2*38.9%+0.9*33.3% weighted average, i.e. the individual well average product 1.90 × 10 of straight well every day
4cube every day, similarly, individual well average accumulated output 1805 × 10
4cube also to be drawn by weighted average, wherein, individual well ultimate cumulative recovery can be predicted according to existing method, such as, adopt method for numerical simulation: first according to the model of gas well liquid loading history matching, and the abandonment rate of setting straight well and horizontal well is respectively 0.08 × 10
4cube of/day and 0.2 × 10
4cube/day, abandoned well bottom pressure is 2MPa, and the individual well productive life reaching discarded condition is defined as individual well and discards the life-span.By the measurable individual well ultimate cumulative recovery of numerical simulation.
See Fig. 5, horizontal well is divided three classes, the ratio of I, II, III class well is respectively 26.3%, 42.1%, 31.6%, during stable yields 3 years, the average of joining product, ultimate cumulative recovery and three class wells of all kinds of well is in table 5, wherein stable yields 3 years individual wells are on average joined the individual well average product 5 of product and horizontal well every day and are obtained by 8.05*26.3%+4.78*42.1%+2.75*31.6%, and namely 5 × 10
4cube every day.
See Fig. 4, set up output and time relationship model according to test well data, by the production decline law of simulated budget determination straight well and horizontal well, determine straight well and the annual lapse rate of horizontal well, the lapse rate that namely single well after date is annual.
In step C, determine the Well Pattern And Spacing of straight well and horizontal well.Such as, according to the pressure drop data of test well, effective control border of individual well can be determined, and based on effectively controlling border, determines the Well Pattern And Spacing of straight well and horizontal well.Be understandable that, between adjacent well should not too small and cause initial stage of production such as the first two years just influence each other, the exploitation not yet in effect of the gas reservoir between adjacent well can not be caused apart from excessive.See Fig. 1-2, in this example, the straight well of tight gas reservoir adopts 600 × 800m diamond shaped pattern, and horizontal well adopts 1600 × 600m staggered well pattern.
In step D, build producing region area according to Well Pattern And Spacing, straight well and horizontal well, determine horizontal well and straight well well number limit quantity.In this example, horizontal well builds producing region area 117 sq-km, horizontal well limit quantity is 122 mouthfuls, and straight well limit quantity is 679 mouthfuls, considers that horizontal well is built the actual regions by six separation, producing region and formed, the unsuitable shaft building of edges of regions, actual well spacing quantity is fewer than limit quantity possibly.
In step e, gas reservoir is divided into by the gas reservoir exploitation of relative enrichment region to build term, gas reservoir stable production period and gas reservoir decline period.
According to scientific research, large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate (annual production stable production period and reserves percentage) is defined as 1.1-1.5%, can determine gas reservoir year stable production period gas production scale accordingly, select this gas producting rate, while can ensureing gas reservoir development benefit, realize higher recovery ratio.Such as, in this example, build producing region and select gas producting rate to be about 1.27%, year gas production scale 600,000,000 side.According to year stable production period gas production scale, consider individual well Production Life and ground installation makes full use of degree, determine time limit stable production period.Such as produce the following years of stable production of 500,000,000 side per year and generally set 5-10, produce 5-10 hundred million side per year and generally set 10-20, produce 10-100 hundred million side General Requirements stable yields more than 20 years per year.Such as, in this example, the straight well life-span is 10 years, and horizontal well Production Life 16 years, considers and make full use of the gas well liquid loading life-span, and gas reservoir is defined as 20 years stable production period.According to existing drilling duty and year stable production period gas production scale, determine the shortest product time of building and straight well and Horizontal Well number.As in this example, the on-the-spot ability possessing brill 5.25 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells and 26.75 mouthfuls of straight wells every year, reach the ability producing 600000000 sides stable production period per year, build and need 4 years term.Within stable production period, according to year gas production, the quantity limits of horizontal well and the production decline law of existing well, determine the quantity of horizontal well and the straight well needing in stable production period to increase newly.For maintaining the annual output 600000000 side target of 20 years, considering successively decreasing of existing well, horizontal well and the straight well of some need be increased every year newly, stable production period domestic demand increase 71 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells newly and 291 mouthfuls of straight wells just can make up production decline and maintain the annual production of gas reservoir stable production period.In gas reservoir decline period, no longer its construction level well and straight well, until the discarded life-span of the horizontal well built and straight well expire.According to stationary phase horizontal well and/or the actual well spacing situation of straight well and individual well discard the life-span, determine the decline period time limit, in this example, actual decline period is 9 years, and final recovery ratio is 30.54%.
Preferably, see Fig. 4, the discarded life-span of horizontal well is 16 years, and the discarded life-span of straight well is 10 years, and at gas reservoir preferential its construction level well in early stage stable production period, the later stage builds straight well, to shorten gas reservoir decline period.
Preferably, see Fig. 6, in the method, altogether its construction level well is 92 mouthfuls, and straight well is 398 mouthfuls, all in the limit range of horizontal well and straight well.Be understandable that, build producing region area due to horizontal well and be made up of the irregular area of numerous separation, its marginal portion is also not suitable for shaft building, considers these factors, determines the quantity of horizontal well and straight well.Certainly, if after considering above-mentioned factor, the quantity of horizontal well and straight well also suitably can increase and close to the described limit, then can finely tune year stable production period gas production scale, the horizontal well and straight well quantity that gas reservoir are built build in term and stable production period close to the limit, to improve recovery ratio further.
In sum, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
This gas reservoir exploitation method is adapted to large-area compact gas reservoir, improves exploitation usefulness, while obtaining good development benefit, achieves the raising of recovery ratio.
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned specific embodiment.Be understandable that, when not departing from spirit of the present invention and essential scope, can make various changes and modifications, these all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, select relative enrichment region, determine this relative enrichment region built-in producing region gas-bearing area and verify oil in place, described producing region gas-bearing area of building is the area can disposing well location, and then, base area matter seismic data determination horizontal well builds producing region area and straight well builds producing region area;
B, determine straight well and horizontal well index: according to the type of test well and the single well phase of pilot production gas data determination horizontal well and straight well in early stage, with individual well output per day size in the single well phase for horizontal well and straight well are divided into multiclass by standard, determine the ratio that all kinds of horizontal well is shared in whole horizontal well and the ratio of all kinds of straight well shared by whole straight well, and the well yield of all kinds of horizontal well and all kinds of straight well every day within the single well phase, by straight well in the weighted average determination single well phase and the individual well average product of horizontal well every day;
Setting straight well and the abandonment rate of horizontal well and abandoned well bottom pressure, predict the final cumulative production of the individual well of all kinds of horizontal well and all kinds of straight well, and by the individual well average accumulated output of weighted average determination straight well and horizontal well;
Output and time relationship model is set up according to test well data, determine the production decline law of single well after date straight well and horizontal well, determine that straight well and horizontal well are in the annual lapse rate of single well after date, in conjunction with above-mentioned abandonment rate and abandoned well bottom pressure, determine the discarded life-span of straight well and horizontal well;
C, determine straight well Well Pattern And Spacing and horizontal well patterns well spacing;
D, build producing region area according to described Well Pattern And Spacing, straight well and horizontal well, determine horizontal well and the straight well well number limit;
E, gas reservoir is divided into build term, gas reservoir stable production period and gas reservoir decline period the gas reservoir exploitation of relative enrichment region, be multiplied by large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate determined gas reservoir year stable production period gas production scale by described oil in place of verifying, wherein large-area compact gas reservoir gas producting rate is 1.1-1.5%; According to year stable production period gas production scale, the discarded life-span and the ground installation that consider straight well and horizontal well make full use of degree, determine gas reservoir time limit stable production period; According to existing drilling duty, straight well horizontal well index and year stable production period gas production scale, determine that the straight well and horizontal well quantity needing to build built in term by the shortest product time of building and gas reservoir, wherein, build term using the product time of building that this is the shortest as gas reservoir; In gas reservoir stable production period, according to the index of year stable production period gas production scale and horizontal well straight well, determine the quantity needing horizontal well and the straight well increased newly in gas reservoir stable production period; In gas reservoir decline period, no longer its construction level well and straight well, until the discarded life-span of the horizontal well built and straight well expire.
2. large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the discarded life-span of horizontal well is greater than the discarded life-span of straight well, and at gas reservoir preferential its construction level well in early stage stable production period, the later stage builds straight well, to shorten gas reservoir decline period.
3. large-area compact gas reservoir exploitation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that fine setting year stable production period gas production scale, and the horizontal well and straight well quantity that gas reservoir are built build in term and stable production period are close to the limit.
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| CN108846540A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The recovery ratio scaling method and device of compact sandstone gas field |
| CN109655934A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-19 | 郭建林 | Tight gas reservoir gas-bearing area measuring method based on gas-bearing formation Drilling ratio |
| CN110306965A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-08 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of method for increasing for coal bed gas low yield wellblock |
| CN110617048A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Gas storage well spacing method |
| CN112324402A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gas field development decreasing stage supercharging exploitation method |
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