CN105543603A - Low-rare-earth high-strength deforming magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-rare-earth high-strength deforming magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543603A CN105543603A CN201610081996.2A CN201610081996A CN105543603A CN 105543603 A CN105543603 A CN 105543603A CN 201610081996 A CN201610081996 A CN 201610081996A CN 105543603 A CN105543603 A CN 105543603A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-rare-earth high-strength deforming magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The low-rare-earth high-strength deforming magnesium alloy is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 5.10-5.60 wt.% of Zn, 0.40-0.90 wt.% of Zr, 0.90-1.30 wt.% of Ce, 0.40-2.30 wt.% of Y, and the balance of Mg and inevitable impurities. A magnesium alloy cast ingot containing rare-earth cerium and yttrium is subjected to hot extrusion, so that the crystal grains are obviously refined, and the cerium, yttrium, magnesium and zinc form a fine dispersive strengthening phase capable of effectively preventing the recrystallized grains from growth and strengthening the matrix in the hot extrusion process, thereby obtaining the high tensile strength. The aging heat treatment is carried out after the hot extrusion so as to separate out more fine dispersive second phases capable of further enhancing the alloy strength, wherein the maximum yield strength can exceed 410 MPa which is obviously higher than that of the traditional commercial high-strength ZK60 deforming magnesium alloy. The alloy has the advantages of simple preparation method and lower cost, and has great application potential.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium alloy, particularly a kind of low rare earth high strength wrought magnesium alloys and preparation method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the anxiety of energy availability and demand, a large amount of consumption of Nonrenewable energy resources, energy dilemma highlights gradually.For save energy, various countries are more urgent to the demand of novel material, and especially light alloy material, as Mg-based hydrogen storage material.Magnesium alloy has the advantages such as the shock-proof and damping performance that density is little, specific tenacity is high, superior, splendid capability of electromagnetic shielding, is structural metallic materials the lightest in current industrial application.Meanwhile, compare plastics, its recyclability is even better, non-environmental-pollution, is described as " the green engineering structural metallic materials that 21 century is important ".But because the absolute strength of magnesium alloy is lower, plastic deformation ability is poor, limit the widespread use of magnesium alloy on structured material greatly, be therefore necessary that exploitation high-strength magnesium alloy is to expand the practical application of magnesium alloy.
In recent years, in order to development of high strength magnesium alloy, usually add the heavy rare earth elements such as a large amount of Gd, Y in the magnesium alloy, this significantly can increase the intensity of magnesium alloy, and can improve intensity further by timeliness, has good precipitation strength effect.The people such as T.Homma have studied As-extruded Mg-10Gd-5.7Y-1.6Zn-0.6Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy, and its tensile strength can reach 542MPa, and yield strength can reach 473MPa.Mg-8.2Gd-3.8Y-1.0Zn-0.4Zr (wt.%) alloy of people's researchs such as C.Xu is after extruding, rolling and timeliness, and tensile strength can reach 505MPa, and yield strength is 416MPa.Although these magnesium alloy have excellent intensity, its high content of rare earth causes high preparation cost, is difficult to the application fundamentally solving industrial demand.Therefore, the high-strength magnesium alloy of the low rare earth of exploitation, low cost is badly in need of, fundamentally to expand magnesium alloy application in the industry.
ZK60, as the Typical Representative of Mg-Zn-Zr series deformation magnesium alloy, has better intensity, plasticity and solidity to corrosion, and its specific tenacity can exceed some aldurals.Y and Ce is alloying element comparatively conventional in ZK60 alloy.Y and Ce can remarkable crystal grain thinning, and improve intensity by refined crystalline strengthening mode, and the interpolation of Y and Ce can form alloy phase, improves intensity by second-phase strength, content of rare earth can avoid the formation of thick second-phase less simultaneously.Owing to containing a certain amount of Zn element in alloy, carry out simple low temperature aging thermal treatment, the Second Phase Precipitation of small and dispersed can be promoted, effectively hinder the motion of basal plane dislocation, greatly put forward heavy alloyed intensity.Therefore, the present invention intends on Mg-Zn-Zr alloy basis, adding a small amount of Y and Ce to develop a kind of lower-cost low rare earth high strength deformed magnesium alloy material.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of low rare earth high strength wrought magnesium alloys and preparation method, described magnesium alloy, by after the cerium that adds low levels and yttrium, carries out hot extrusion and direct aging, can obtain high intensity, ensure good plasticity simultaneously.
Low rare earth high-strength wrought magnesium alloys provided by the invention, is made up of Mg, Zn, Zr, Ce, Y, and the mass percentage of its each component is: Zn:5.10 ~ 5.60wt.%; Zr:0.40 ~ 0.90wt.%; Ce:0.90 ~ 1.30wt.%; Y:0.40 ~ 2.30wt.%; All the other are Mg and inevitable impurity.The inevitable impurity of the present invention is Fe, Si etc., and its total amount is less than 0.03wt.%.
The preparation method of a kind of low rare earth high-strength wrought magnesium alloys of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A) alloy melting and casting: calculate formula by above-mentioned low rare earth high strength wrought magnesium alloys and get the raw materials ready, raw materials is technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54wt.%Zr master alloy, Mg-30wt.%Ce master alloy, Mg-30wt.%Y master alloy.Pure magnesium and master alloy are preheated to 200 ~ 250 DEG C in an oven, insulation 1 ~ 2h; At SF
6+ CO
2under gas shield, magnesium ingot is put into crucible, add hot smelting; At 720 ~ 740 DEG C of temperature, in magnesium melt, add Mg-Y and the Mg-Ce master alloy of oven dry, add and fashionablely should be pressed into below liquid level rapidly, stir after thawing; When temperature rises to 690 ~ 720 DEG C, add pure zinc ingot by described alloying constituent proportional quantity, stir after thawing; Magnesium melt temperature is risen to 740 ~ 760 DEG C, adds Mg-Zr master alloy, rear stirring to be melted 2 ~ 5 minutes, makes uniform composition; Leave standstill 30 ~ 60 minutes at 730 ~ 750 DEG C, after leaving standstill, salvage dross on surface of fusant, when temperature drops to 690 ~ 710 DEG C, at SF
6+ CO
2under gas shield, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
B) machining: according to the size of extrusion machine container by above-mentioned ingot casting sawing, railway carriage to suitable dimension;
C) homogenizing: carry out Homogenization Treatments under 390 ~ 420 DEG C of temperature condition, soaking time is 12 ~ 18h;
D) hot extrusion: before extruding by the ingot casting after Homogenization Treatments and extrusion mould 350 ~ 400 DEG C of preheatings 2 ~ 3 hours, extrusion temperature is 390 DEG C ~ 420 DEG C, extrusion ratio is 26:1, and extruding rate is 0.60 ~ 1.20m/min, and obtaining diameter is the magnesium alloy rod of 16mm;
E) ageing treatment: the sample extruded is cut sample, puts into oil bath furnace, temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, and the time is 10 ~ 40h.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
A small amount of Rare-Earth Ce of 1, adding in the present invention and Y, be combined with Mg, Zn, forms dystectic Mg-Zn-Ce and Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase.In hot extrusion deformation process, these are broken into very tiny particle mutually, even dispersion be distributed in magnesium matrix, strengthening matrix, simultaneously effectively can promote dynamic recrystallization, hinders growing up of crystal grain, obtains tiny recrystal grain.Low temperature aging subsequently, the Second Phase Precipitation of small and dispersed can be promoted, extremely be conducive to strengthening matrix, after timeliness, yield strength reaches as high as 412MPa, and tensile strength reaches as high as 421MPa, apparently higher than the yield strength of conventional commercial high-strength deforming magnesium alloy ZK60, keep certain unit elongation, this has fully excavated the use potentiality of magnesium alloy materials simultaneously.
2, present invention process is simple, easily operation and regulation and control, and the equipment adopted is conventional general-purpose equipment as smelting furnace, heat extruder, oil bath furnace, has portable strong feature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 commercial ZK60 magnesium alloy extrusion state microtexture scanned photograph (not containing cerium and yttrium);
Fig. 2 embodiment 1 magnesium alloy extrusion state microtexture scanned photograph;
Fig. 3 embodiment 2 magnesium alloy extrusion state microtexture scanned photograph;
Fig. 4 embodiment 3 magnesium alloy extrusion state microtexture scanned photograph.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that these embodiments are for illustration of the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.Embodiment 1: the low magnesium-rare earth of the present embodiment comprises following composition by weight percentage: Zn5.19wt.%, Zr0.66wt.%, Ce1.18wt.%, Y0.49wt.%, surplus is Mg.
By said ratio with under type preparation, the magnesium alloy of the present embodiment just can be obtained:
A) alloy smelting and casting: raw materials is technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, Mg-30%Ce master alloy, Mg-30%Y master alloy.Pure magnesium and master alloy are preheated in an oven 200 DEG C (or 250 DEG C), insulation 2h; At SF
6+ CO
2under gas shield, magnesium ingot is put into crucible, add hot smelting; At 720 DEG C of (or 730 DEG C, 740 DEG C) temperature, in magnesium melt, add Mg-Y and the Mg-Ce master alloy of oven dry, add and fashionablely should be pressed into below liquid level rapidly, stir after thawing; When treating that temperature rises to 690 DEG C (or 700 DEG C, 720 DEG C), add pure zinc ingot by described alloying constituent proportional quantity, stir after thawing; Magnesium melt temperature is risen to 740 DEG C (or 750 DEG C, 760 DEG C) and add Mg-Zr master alloy, rear stirring to be melted 5 minutes, makes uniform composition; Leave standstill 45 minutes at 730 DEG C (or 750 DEG C), after leaving standstill, salvage dross on surface of fusant, treat that temperature drops to 690 DEG C (or 710 DEG C), at SF
6+ CO
2under gas shield, cast in the swage of 200 DEG C (or 300 DEG C).
B) machining: according to the size of extrusion machine container by above-mentioned ingot casting sawing, railway carriage to suitable dimension;
C) homogenizing: carry out Homogenization Treatments under 400 DEG C of (or 390 DEG C, 420 DEG C) temperature condition, soaking time is 12h (or 18h);
D) hot extrusion: before extruding by the ingot casting after Homogenization Treatments and extrusion mould at 370 DEG C (or 350 DEG C, 400 DEG C) preheating 2.5h (2h, 3h), extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C (or 390 DEG C, 420 DEG C), extrusion ratio is 26:1, and extruding rate is 0.60 (or 1.20m/min), and obtaining diameter is the magnesium alloy rod of 16mm;
E) ageing treatment: the sample extruded is cut sample, puts into oil bath furnace, temperature be 180 DEG C (or 150 DEG C, 200 DEG C), the time is 15h(or 40h, 10h).
Embodiment 2: the low magnesium-rare earth of the present embodiment comprises following composition by weight percentage: Zn5.34wt.%, Zr0.71wt.%, Ce1.05wt.%, Y1.04wt.%, surplus is Mg.The alloy smelting and the casting-machining-homogenizing-hot extrusion-aging treatment method that obtain the present embodiment magnesium alloy are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: the low magnesium-rare earth of the present embodiment comprises following composition by weight percentage: Zn5.26wt.%, Zr0.59wt.%, Ce1.12wt.%, Y2.29wt.%, surplus is Mg.The alloy smelting and the casting-machining-homogenizing-hot extrusion-aging treatment method that obtain the present embodiment magnesium alloy are identical with embodiment 2, and difference is that aging time is 35h.
Get above-described embodiment 1,2 and 3 magnesium alloy rod and carry out room temperature tensile test experiments, the performance measured is in table 1.For the ease of comparing, in table 1, give the mechanical performance data of general commercial ZK60 extruded bars simultaneously.
The room-temperature mechanical property of table 1 low rare earth high strength magnesium alloy of the present invention
| Alloy | Yield strength σ 0.2/MPa | Tensile strength sigma b/MPa | Unit elongation δ/% |
| Commercial ZK60 | 250-270 | 320-340 | 10-15 |
| Embodiment 1 | 407 | 421 | 7.1 |
| Embodiment 2 | 380 | 387 | 9.8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 412 | 419 | 4.5 |
From table 1, alloy of the present invention (embodiment 1,2 and 3) has than commercial high-strength deforming magnesium alloy ZK60(aging state) higher intensity, particularly yield strength, be significantly higher than ZK60 magnesium alloy.The maximum tensile strength is more than 420MPa, and maximum anti-yield strength, more than 410MPa, can meet the fields such as aerospace, defence and military, track traffic to the requirement of magnesium alloy supporting capacity.As can be seen from scanning electron microscope displaing micro tissue topography (Fig. 1-4), after hot extrusion, in magnesium matrix even dispersion be dispersed with tiny Second Phase Particle, energy spectrum analysis show these particles be Ce, Y and Mg, Zn combine formed Mg-Zn-Ce, Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase and MgZn
2phase.The precipitation of these compounds, effectively can promote dynamic recrystallization, hinder growing up of recrystal grain, obtain quite tiny recrystal grain (average grain size of embodiment 1-2 magnesium alloy about about 1 μm), strengthening phase Mg-Zn-Ce and Mg-Zn-Y effectively can hinder dislocation glide, strengthening matrix.In direct aging process subsequently, the very tiny MgZn of many nano-grade sizes in magnesium alloy, can be separated out
2phase, MgZn
2symbiosis and epibiosis with the orientation relationship of matrix, and the MgZn separated out in this alloy
2be rod-short mutually, this effectively can hinder the slippage of basal plane dislocation, and then significantly improves the intensity of alloy.Therefore, the high strength of wrought magnesium alloys of the present invention is mainly derived from the contribution of refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a low rare earth high strength wrought magnesium alloys, is characterized in that, described magnesium alloy is made up of Mg, Zn, Zr, Ce, Y, Zn:5.10 ~ 5.60wt.%; Zr:0.40 ~ 0.90wt.%; Ce:0.90 ~ 1.30wt.%; Y:0.40 ~ 2.30wt.%; All the other are Mg and inevitable impurity, and total impurities is less than 0.03wt.%.
2. contain a preparation method for the high-strength magnesium alloy of cerium and yttrium, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A) alloy melting and casting: get the raw materials ready by low rare earth high strength wrought magnesium alloys formula described in claim 1, raw materials is technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54wt.%Zr master alloy, Mg-30wt.%Ce master alloy, Mg-30wt.%Y master alloy; Pure magnesium and master alloy are preheated to 200 ~ 250 DEG C in an oven, insulation 1 ~ 2h; At SF
6+ CO
2under gas shield, magnesium ingot is put into crucible, add hot smelting; At 720 ~ 740 DEG C of temperature, in magnesium melt, add Mg-Y and the Mg-Ce master alloy of oven dry, add and fashionablely should be pressed into below liquid level rapidly, stir after thawing; When temperature rises to 690 ~ 720 DEG C, add pure zinc ingot by described alloying constituent proportional quantity, stir after thawing; Magnesium melt temperature is risen to 740 ~ 760 DEG C, adds Mg-Zr master alloy, rear stirring to be melted 2 ~ 5 minutes, makes uniform composition; Leave standstill 30 ~ 60 minutes at 730 ~ 750 DEG C, after leaving standstill, salvage dross on surface of fusant, when temperature drops to 690 ~ 710 DEG C, at SF
6+ CO
2under gas shield, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
B) machining: according to the size of extrusion machine container by above-mentioned ingot casting sawing, railway carriage to suitable dimension;
C) homogenizing: carry out Homogenization Treatments under 390 ~ 420 DEG C of temperature condition, soaking time is 12 ~ 18h;
D) hot extrusion: before extruding by the ingot casting after Homogenization Treatments and extrusion mould 350 ~ 400 DEG C of preheatings 2 ~ 3 hours, extrusion temperature is 390 DEG C ~ 420 DEG C, extrusion ratio is 26:1, and extruding rate is 0.60 ~ 1.20m/min, and obtaining diameter is the magnesium alloy rod of 16mm;
E) ageing treatment: the sample extruded is cut sample, puts into oil bath furnace, temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, and the time is 10 ~ 40h.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108311652A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-24 | 洛阳晟雅镁合金科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of ME20M magnesium alloys slab ingot |
| CN108342630A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-07-31 | 句容百利镁合金材料科技有限公司 | The preparation method of magnesium alloy, the preparation method of magnesium alloy profiles and magnesium alloy rim |
| CN108950337A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-07 | 重庆大学 | A kind of low-cost high-strength Mg-Zn-Y-Ce-Ca magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109022984A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of corrosion-proof rare earth magnesium alloy of the element containing Zn and preparation method thereof |
| CN109825751A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-31 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of high thermal conductivity strong mechanical performance magnesium alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN110114485A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-08-09 | 株式会社Posco | The excellent high-strength magnesium alloy of flame resistance and its manufacturing method |
| CN112458349A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-09 | 重庆大学 | Low-rare earth high-strength wrought magnesium alloy containing neodymium and yttrium and preparation method thereof |
| CN113528913A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-22 | 西安四方超轻材料有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity wrought magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115233010A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 重庆大学 | Method for efficiently preparing high-strength magnesium alloy |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110114485A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-08-09 | 株式会社Posco | The excellent high-strength magnesium alloy of flame resistance and its manufacturing method |
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| CN108342630A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-07-31 | 句容百利镁合金材料科技有限公司 | The preparation method of magnesium alloy, the preparation method of magnesium alloy profiles and magnesium alloy rim |
| CN108950337A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-07 | 重庆大学 | A kind of low-cost high-strength Mg-Zn-Y-Ce-Ca magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108950337B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-06-23 | 重庆大学 | Low-cost high-strength Mg-Zn-Y-Ce-Ca magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109022984A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A kind of corrosion-proof rare earth magnesium alloy of the element containing Zn and preparation method thereof |
| CN109825751A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-31 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of high thermal conductivity strong mechanical performance magnesium alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN112458349A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-09 | 重庆大学 | Low-rare earth high-strength wrought magnesium alloy containing neodymium and yttrium and preparation method thereof |
| CN113528913A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-22 | 西安四方超轻材料有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity wrought magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115233010A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 重庆大学 | Method for efficiently preparing high-strength magnesium alloy |
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