CN103952613B - A kind of high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys containing cerium and yttrium - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys containing cerium and yttrium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys containing cerium and yttrium, the composition of this alloy comprises Mg, Zn, Zr, Ce, Y, and each constituent mass percentage composition is: Zn:4.90 ~ 5.20wt.%; Zr:0.50 ~ 0.80wt.%; Ce:0.50 ~ 0.70wt.%; Y:0.10 ~ 1.50wt.%; Inevitable impurity < 0.12wt.%; Surplus is Mg.A certain amount of cerium and yttrium is added in ZK60 magnesium alloy, can effective crystal grain thinning, magnesium in cerium, yttrium and alloy, zinc form the strengthening phase of small and dispersed, effectively can hinder growing up and strengthening matrix of recrystal grain in thermal deformation process, high yield tensile ratio can be obtained, yield strength, more than 300MPa, is significantly higher than high-strength wrought magnesium alloys ZK60, ensure that good plasticity simultaneously.Material of the present invention can increase mechanical component reliability, improves quality product, improves material use efficiency, has fully excavated the use potentiality of magnesium alloy materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium alloy, particularly a kind of high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys containing cerium and yttrium.
Background technology
Mg-based hydrogen storage is the material of most lightweight in engineer applied structural metallic materials, and it is low that it has density, and specific tenacity, specific rigidity are high, good casting property, and damping property is good, and capability of electromagnetic shielding is high, is easy to machining and the plurality of advantages such as recyclable.Extremely important using value and wide application prospect is had in fields such as electronics, electrical equipment, automobile, space flight, aviation and defence and militaries.In plurality of advantages, the especially lightweight of magnesium alloy, is that aluminium alloy and iron and steel etc. are difficult to substitute, as magnesium alloy auto hub, not only can makes automobile weight reduction, and energy-saving and emission-reduction, makes traffic environment environmental protection more.But due to the close-packed hexagonal structure of magnesium uniqueness, during distortion, bootable slip system is few, make the absolute strength of magnesium alloy lower, plastic deformation ability is poor, limits the widespread use of magnesium alloy on structured material greatly.
The yield tensile ratio of metallic substance refers to the yield strength of material and the ratio of tensile strength.Yield tensile ratio weighs a coefficient of strength of materials deposit.In the process of material tensile deformation, exceed yield-point when stressed, larger viscous deformation will be produced, can not meet service requirements, even occur potential safety hazard.For mechanical structured member, yield tensile ratio is higher, the longevity of service of material before surrender, and the utilization ratio of material can be made to improve, and saves material, weight reduction; Also mean that the working strength distance security intensity value of material is less, the reliability of part is high, can improve the quality of products, reduce costs simultaneously.If can ensure good plasticity under high yield tensile ratio, the safe handling of material can be made to be protected, this has fully excavated the application potential of material.
Current commercial wrought magnesium alloys mainly contains Mg-Zn-Zr system, Mg-Al-Zn system and Mg-Mn system, and the typical trade mark is respectively ZK60, AZ31 and MB8, and wherein, ZK60 is high-strength magnesium alloy, AZ31 and MB8 has medium intensity and good plasticity.In order to improve the intensity of wrought magnesium alloys, conventional method has alloying, machining deformation and thermal treatment.Complicated machining deformation is often uneven, makes tissue there is larger stress, and during thermal treatment, temperature controlling range error very much not easy-regulating.Consider that China is the country that rare earth resources extremely enriches, if add the rare earth element of trace in the process of alloy smelting and casting, the intensity of alloy can not only be improved significantly, improve yield tensile ratio, good plasticity can also be ensured, comparatively machining deformation and thermal treatment can use manpower and material resources sparingly resource, also more easy-regulating and operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys containing cerium and yttrium, described magnesium alloy materials selects preferably alloying constituent to obtain high-yield-ratio after adding micro-cerium and yttrium, ensures good plasticity simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Contain a high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys for cerium and yttrium, it is characterized in that, comprise the component of following weight percent: Zn:4.90 ~ 5.20wt.%; Zr:0.50 ~ 0.80wt.%; Ce:0.50 ~ 0.70wt.%; Y:0.10 ~ 1.50wt.%; Inevitable impurity < 0.12wt.%; Surplus is Mg.
Present invention also offers the described preparation method containing the high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys of cerium and yttrium, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A) alloy smelting and casting:
Starting material: technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy;
Employing semi-continuous casting method is cast: be the SF of 1 ~ 5:95 ~ 99 in volume ratio
6and CO
2mixed gas protection under, technical pure magnesium ingot is put into crucible, after to be melted, is warming up to 740 ~ 760 DEG C of slag hittings; Then pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy is added, wherein pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy add before 140 ~ 220 DEG C of preheatings 15 ~ 30 minutes, add and be fashionablely pressed into below liquid level rapidly, rear stirring to be melted 2 ~ 5 minutes, make it mix, leave standstill 10 ~ 15 minutes; Add Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy again, stir after thawing, after leaving standstill 10 ~ 30 minutes at 730 ~ 750 DEG C, salvage dross on surface of fusant, when temperature drops to 710 ~ 730 DEG C, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C, obtain ingot casting;
B) machining:
Ingot casting sawing step a) obtained, railway carriage are to suitable dimension, for subsequent use;
C) homogenizing:
At 390 ~ 420 DEG C, carry out Homogenization Treatments, soaking time is 10 ~ 15h;
D) hot extrusion:
By the ingot casting after extrusion mould and step c) process 370 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C preheatings 1.5 ~ 3 hours, then carry out hot extrusion, extrusion temperature is 380 DEG C ~ 410 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 8:1 ~ 12:1, and extruding rate is 0.90 ~ 1.50m/min.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the trace rare-earth cerium Ce added in the present invention and yttrium Y, be combined with Mg, Zn, form dystectic Mg-Zn-Ce and Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase, in hot extrusion deformation process, these are broken into very tiny particle mutually, even dispersion be distributed in magnesium matrix, strengthening matrix, effectively can promote dynamic recrystallization simultaneously, hinder growing up of recrystal grain, thus obtain tiny recrystal grain.After hot extrusion, yield strength reaches as high as 313MPa, apparently higher than the yield strength of conventional commercial high-strength wrought magnesium alloys ZK60, tensile strength reaches as high as 356MPa, yield ratio reaches as high as 0.92, and unit elongation is also improved simultaneously, and this has fully excavated the use potentiality of magnesium alloy materials.
2, present invention process is simple, easily operation and regulation and control, and the equipment adopted is conventional general-purpose equipment as smelting furnace, heat extruder etc. are, and has the advantages that portability is strong, be easy to industrial applications.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is As-extruded ZK60 magnesium alloy microstructures scanned photograph, does not wherein contain cerium Ce and yttrium Y in As-extruded ZK60 magnesium alloy.
Fig. 2 is As-extruded ZK60-0.52Ce-0.28Y magnesium alloy microstructures scanned photograph.
Fig. 3 is As-extruded ZK60-0.59Ce-0.57Y magnesium alloy microstructures scanned photograph.
Fig. 4 is As-extruded ZK60-0.53Ce-1.18Y magnesium alloy microstructures scanned photograph.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, it should be noted that these embodiments are for illustration of the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
one, specific embodiment
embodiment 1:
High-yield-ratio containing cerium and yttrium is out of shape a Mg-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy, comprises following component by weight percentage:
Zn4.98wt.%, Zr0.76wt.%, Ce0.52wt.%, Y0.28wt.%, inevitable impurity < 0.12wt.%, surplus is Mg.
The above-mentioned high-yield-ratio containing cerium and yttrium is out of shape the preparation method of Mg-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy, comprises the steps:
A) alloy smelting and casting:
Starting material: technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy.
Employing semi-continuous casting method is cast: be the SF of 1:99 in volume ratio
6and CO
2mixed gas protection under, magnesium ingot is put into crucible to be melted after be warming up to 740 DEG C of slag hittings; Then add pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, before adding by pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy 170 DEG C of preheatings 25 minutes, add and be fashionablely pressed into below liquid level rapidly, rear stirring to be melted 5 minutes, makes it mix, and leaves standstill 15 minutes; Add Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy again, stir after thawing, after leaving standstill 20 minutes at 730 DEG C, salvage dross on surface of fusant, treat that temperature drops to 710 DEG C, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C, obtain ingot casting;
B) machining:
Ingot casting sawing step a) obtained, railway carriage are to suitable dimension, for subsequent use;
C) homogenizing:
Ingot casting after step b) process is carried out Homogenization Treatments at 400 DEG C, and soaking time is 10h;
D) hot extrusion:
By the ingot casting after extrusion mould and step c) process at 390 DEG C of preheating 2h, then carry out hot extrusion; Wherein extrusion temperature is 390 DEG C, and hot extrusion is than being 11.5:1, and hot extrusion speed is 0.90m/min.
embodiment 2:
High-yield-ratio containing cerium and yttrium is out of shape a Mg-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy, comprises following component by weight percentage: Zn5.06wt.%, Zr0.57wt.%, Ce0.59wt.%, Y0.57wt.%, inevitable impurity < 0.12wt.%, surplus is Mg.
The above-mentioned high-yield-ratio containing cerium and yttrium is out of shape the preparation method of Mg-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy, comprises the steps:
A) alloy smelting and casting:
Starting material: technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy.
Employing semi-continuous casting method is cast: be the SF of 5:95 in volume ratio
6and CO
2mixed gas protection under, magnesium ingot is put into crucible to be melted after be warming up to 750 DEG C of slag hittings; Then add pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, before adding by pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy 140 DEG C of preheatings 25 minutes, add and be fashionablely pressed into below liquid level rapidly, rear stirring to be melted 5 minutes, makes it mix, and leaves standstill 10 minutes; Add Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy again, stir after thawing, after leaving standstill 20 minutes at 750 DEG C, salvage dross on surface of fusant, treat that temperature drops to 720 DEG C, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C, obtain ingot casting;
B) machining:
Ingot casting sawing step a) obtained, railway carriage are to suitable dimension, for subsequent use;
C) homogenizing:
Casting after step b) process is being carried out Homogenization Treatments at 390 DEG C, and soaking time is 15h;
D) hot extrusion:
By the ingot casting after extrusion mould and step c) process at 370 DEG C of preheating 1.5h, then carry out hot extrusion; Wherein extrusion temperature is 380 DEG C, and hot extrusion is than being 8:1, and hot extrusion speed is 1.50m/min.
embodiment 3:
Contain a Mg-Zn-Zr high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys for cerium and yttrium, comprise following component by weight percentage: Zn4.97wt.%, Zr0.79wt.%, Ce0.53wt.%, Y1.18wt.%, inevitable impurity < 0.12wt.%, surplus is Mg.
The above-mentioned high-yield-ratio containing cerium and yttrium is out of shape the preparation method of Mg-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy, comprises the steps:
A) alloy smelting and casting:
Starting material: technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy.
Employing semi-continuous casting method is cast: be the SF of 3:97 in volume ratio
6and CO
2mixed gas protection under, magnesium ingot is put into crucible to be melted after be warming up to 760 DEG C of slag hittings; Then add pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, before adding by pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy 140 DEG C of preheatings 25 minutes, add and be fashionablely pressed into below liquid level rapidly, rear stirring to be melted 5 minutes, makes it mix, and leaves standstill 10 minutes; Add Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy again, stir after thawing, after leaving standstill 20 minutes at 750 DEG C, salvage dross on surface of fusant, treat that temperature drops to 720 DEG C, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C, obtain ingot casting;
B) machining:
Ingot casting sawing step a) obtained, railway carriage are to suitable dimension, for subsequent use;
C) homogenizing:
Ingot casting after step b) process is carried out Homogenization Treatments at 420 DEG C, and soaking time is 10h;
D) hot extrusion:
By the ingot casting after extrusion mould and step c) process at 400 DEG C of preheating 3h, then carry out hot extrusion; Wherein extrusion temperature is 400 DEG C, and hot extrusion is than being 12:1, and hot extrusion speed is 0.90m/min.
two, performance test
Get above-described embodiment 1 ~ 3 magnesium alloy extrusion sheet material and carry out room temperature tensile test experiments, measure the mechanical property obtained as shown in table 1.For the ease of comparing, in table 1, give the mechanical performance data of ZK60 extrusion plate simultaneously.
From table 1, alloy of the present invention (embodiment 1 ~ 3) has yield strength, the tensile strength higher than commercial high-strength deforming magnesium alloy ZK60, and yield tensile ratio is significantly improved than ZK60 alloy, and unit elongation also has raising in various degree simultaneously.Which illustrate alloy of the present invention (embodiment 1 ~ 3) there is very high yield tensile ratio and can certain plasticity be ensured.
Analysis As-cast Microstructure shows, by finding out in Fig. 1 that as cast condition ZK60 alloy is made up of thick equiax crystal, there is the interrupted netted second-phase of some amount at crystal particle crystal boundary place, has the segregation district of Zr near crystal boundary.As can be seen from Fig. 2,3 and 4, along with adding of cerium and yttrium, the cerium being enriched in solid-liquid interface forward position during alloy smelting casting can expand composition with yttrium and cross cold-zone, increases the degree of constitutional supercooling, thus the crystal grain of effective refining alloy, and the disappearance of segregation district.As can be seen from scanning electron microscope displaing micro tissue topography (Fig. 1 ~ 4), after hot extrusion, in magnesium matrix even dispersion be dispersed with tiny Second Phase Particle, energy spectrum analysis shows that these particles are that Ce, Y and Mg, Zn combine Mg-Zn-Ce, Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase of being formed and a small amount of containing Zr phase.The precipitation of these compounds, effectively can promote dynamic recrystallization on the one hand, hinders growing up of recrystal grain, obtains tiny recrystal grain; On the other hand due to the crystalline structure of Mg-Zn-Ce and Mg-Zn-Y uniqueness and the combination with basal plane, in deformation process, effectively can hinder dislocation glide, strengthening matrix.Thus, significantly improve the yield strength of material, improve yield tensile ratio, ensure that alloy has certain unit elongation simultaneously.
The present invention adds a certain amount of cerium and yttrium in ZK60 magnesium alloy, effective crystal grain thinning, magnesium in cerium, yttrium and alloy, zinc form the strengthening phase of small and dispersed, effectively can hinder growing up and strengthening matrix of recrystal grain in thermal deformation process, high yield tensile ratio can be obtained, yield strength, more than 300MPa, is significantly higher than high-strength wrought magnesium alloys ZK60, ensure that good plasticity simultaneously.Material of the present invention can increase mechanical component reliability, improves quality product, improves material use efficiency, has fully excavated the use potentiality of magnesium alloy materials.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. contain a preparation method for the high-yield-ratio wrought magnesium alloys of cerium and yttrium, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A) alloy smelting and casting:
Starting material: technical pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy, Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy; The weight percent that material composition is joined is: Zn4.97wt.%, Zr0.79wt.%, Ce0.53wt.%, Y1.18wt.%, inevitable impurity < 0.12wt.%, and surplus is Mg;
Employing semi-continuous casting method is cast: be the SF of 1 ~ 5:95 ~ 99 in volume ratio
6and CO
2mixed gas protection under, technical pure magnesium ingot is put into crucible, after to be melted, is warming up to 740 ~ 760 DEG C of slag hittings; Then pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy is added, wherein pure zinc ingot and Mg-28.54%Zr master alloy add before 140 ~ 220 DEG C of preheatings 15 ~ 30 minutes, add and be fashionablely pressed into below liquid level rapidly, rear stirring to be melted 2 ~ 5 minutes, make it mix, leave standstill 10 ~ 15 minutes; Add Mg-30%Ce master alloy and Mg-30%Y master alloy again, stir after thawing, after leaving standstill 10 ~ 30 minutes at 730 ~ 750 DEG C, salvage dross on surface of fusant, when temperature drops to 710 ~ 730 DEG C, cast in the swage of 200 ~ 300 DEG C, obtain ingot casting;
B) machining: ingot casting sawing step a) obtained, railway carriage are to suitable dimension, for subsequent use;
C) homogenizing: carry out Homogenization Treatments at 390 ~ 420 DEG C, soaking time is 10 ~ 15h;
D) hot extrusion: by the ingot casting after extrusion mould and step c) process 370 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C preheatings 1.5 ~ 3 hours, then carry out hot extrusion; Wherein extrusion temperature is 380 DEG C ~ 410 DEG C, and hot extrusion is than being 8:1 ~ 12:1, and hot extrusion speed is 0.90 ~ 1.50m/min.
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| CN104278184B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-08-25 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of high strength heat resistant magnesium-rare earth and preparation method thereof |
| CN105543603B (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-04-19 | 重庆大学 | Low-rare-earth high-strength deforming magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108682867A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of magnesium-air cell anode band and its preparation method and application |
| CN108425056A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-08-21 | 重庆大学 | A kind of room temperature high plastic magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof containing rare-earth yttrium |
| CN108950337B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-06-23 | 重庆大学 | Low-cost high-strength Mg-Zn-Y-Ce-Ca magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112210735B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-12-28 | 重庆科技学院 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy plate with gradient structure |
| CN113528913A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-22 | 西安四方超轻材料有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity wrought magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114892055B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-09-05 | 鹤壁海镁科技有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness Mg-Al-Zn magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114836663B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-04-11 | 重庆大学 | High-strength cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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