CN105543456B - A kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching technical - Google Patents
A kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching technical Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543456B CN105543456B CN201510988495.8A CN201510988495A CN105543456B CN 105543456 B CN105543456 B CN 105543456B CN 201510988495 A CN201510988495 A CN 201510988495A CN 105543456 B CN105543456 B CN 105543456B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching technicals, belong to common spring steel heat treatment quenching liquid and technology field.It is characterized in that mass fraction shared by included ingredient and various composition is as follows：Antioxidant, antirust agent, preservative, antifoaming agent, remaining is：Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).Each function ingredients of the present invention organically combine, under synergistic effect, make quenching liquid quenching property perform to it is ultimate attainment：Meeting the excellent dissolution of base solvent and inverse dissolubility simultaneously, repaiied and made up a deficiency by other function ingredients.This quenching liquid is substituted into rapid oil or diesel oil quenching, while economizing on resources, production cost is reduced, and protects production environment and natural resources.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spring steel heat-treatment quenching liquid and technology fields, and in particular to a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring
Steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching technical.
Background technology
Spring steel needs by quenching treatment, i.e., by more than heat steel to critical-temperature, to keep the temperature one before use is processed
After the section time makes tissue austenitizing, cooled down with the cooling rate for being more than critical cooling rate, austenite made to be converted into martensite,
So as to improve the processing technology of other every structure properties such as the hardness of steel, wearability, toughness and elasticity.
During spring steel prior heat treatment, it is common to use hardening media is conventional quenching oil, this traditional oil medium
Quenching mode, cooling velocity is low and through hardening thickness is also very low, and oil consumption is big, and the operating environment of processing workshop is severe, and operates slightly
It can trigger fire hazard accidentally, also be unfavorable for energy conservation and environmental protection；Although and select water-soluble quenching liquid more environmentally friendly, often deposit
It is too fast in cooling velocity, easily make workpiece cracking and quenching liquid consumption is big, active ingredient is difficult to keep rational concentration for a long time,
So that influence quenching effect.
In the quenching process for using water-soluble quenching liquid, liquid temperature raises around workpiece, the active ingredient in quenching liquid from
Precipitation comes out in solution, and is adhered to by its wetability with the capsule form of rich water on the surface of the workpiece, so as to adjust the cold of workpiece
But speed.After workpiece cools down, the polymer for being adhered to workpiece surface understands back dissolving into quenching liquid again.Back dissolving needs a timing
Between, and often wait in producing and totally just take workpiece from quenching liquid away less than polymer back dissolving.Therefore, the liquid that workpiece is taken out of
The content of middle active principle is often higher than the mean concentration in quenching liquid used.For a long time, after a large amount of quenchings, quenching liquid it is relatively dense
Degree necessarily continuously decreases, and the relative amount of other additive components just increases.Therefore, back dissolving must be more abundant, quenching liquid
The opposite reduction of middle active ingredient is slower, i.e., its cooling characteristics is more stable.
In consideration of it, applicant has developed the water-soluble quenching liquid described in the art of this patent, there is good inverse dissolubility, peace
Entirely, environmental protection, service life is long and quenching effect is excellent.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching
Technique has good inverse dissolubility, safe and environment-friendly, service life is long and quenching effect is excellent.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：It is water-soluble to provide a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel
Quenching liquid, it is characterised in that it is as follows to include mass fraction shared by ingredient and various composition：
Antioxidant 0.6%-0.65%；
Antirust agent 1.5%-2.5%；
Preservative 0.1%-0.35%；
Antifoaming agent 0.2%-0.3%；
Remaining is：Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
Preferably, the polymerization degree n of the methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) is 3-5.
Preferably, the antioxidant is phenthazine.
Preferably, when spring steel is being heated to 800 DEG C or more and is quenched, antioxidant selects N, N'- di-sec-butyls
P-phenylenediamine；When spring steel is being heated to less than 800 DEG C and is quenched, antioxidant selects tert-butylhydroquinone.
Preferably, the antirust agent is triethanolamine.
Preferably, the antifoaming agent is methyl-silicone oil.
A kind of quenching technical of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid of the present invention, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
（1）Prepare quenching solution
By quenching liquid and liquid water according to mass fraction 2 in quenching bath:8-3:7 proportions, the temperature of quenching solution
20~40 DEG C of degree；It is set in quenching bath and mixes device, the device agitation quenching solution of mixing makes its flow velocity as 0.3-0.8
Meter per second；
（2）Quenching
Spring steel is heated to 750-950 DEG C, it is molten to be put into quenching by Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minutes for spring steel
In liquid, quenching is completed by steam mem stage, boiling stage and after the convection current stage；Then it is three small according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservations
When, it is cooled to room temperature in air.
The quenching hardness of spring steel is not less than 54HRC, and martensitic structure percentage is not less than 85%, and through hardening thickness is not less than
20mm。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the primary solvent of water-soluble quenching liquid of the present invention is methoxy poly (ethylene glycol), possesses and is highly soluble in
The speciality of water, prepared quenching liquid can substitute oil base quenching liquid, and cooling velocity is suitable and thickness of quenching disclosure satisfy that spring steel
Use demand.It is and nontoxic and pollution-free since this quenching liquid is water-soluble base, it methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) and can be used as excellent
The functional additives such as antirust agent are dissolved in quenching liquid by good chaotropic agent, and it is volatile materials by thermal decomposition product,
The sediment of hard shell or foundry loam shape will not be generated.In addition, this quenching liquid is also equipped with good inverse dissolubility, in spring steel quenching process
In, functional materials that steam mem stage and boiling stage are precipitated from quenching liquid, can rapidly back dissolving into quenching liquid so that
Even if long-time service of the invention, the variable quantity of active ingredient are also much smaller compared with similar-type products.
2nd, solvent based on methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) or polyethylene glycol can be selected in patent of the present invention, but experiment shows first
Oxygroup polyethylene glycol possesses more excellent antioxygenic property compared with polyethylene glycol in quenching liquid.In order to further prevent methoxyl group
Polyethylene glycol cracks at high temperature, and suitable antioxidant is with the addition of also directed to property in this quenching liquid.Phenothiazinyl
This be suitable for normal condition under quenching liquid, and when quench object requirement it is higher quenching quality when, can according to hardening heat into
Row screens selection.When spring steel is being heated to 800 DEG C or more and is quenched, N, N'- di-sec-butyls pair can be selected in antioxidant
Phenylenediamine；When spring steel is being heated to less than 800 DEG C and is quenched, antioxidant selects tert-butylhydroquinone.Due to this
Formula possesses flexible adaptability, thus can be more convenient use.
3rd, each function ingredients organically combine, under synergistic effect, make quenching liquid quenching property perform to it is ultimate attainment：
Meeting the excellent dissolution of base solvent and inverse dissolubility simultaneously, repaiied and made up a deficiency by other function ingredients.By this quenching liquid
Rapid oil or diesel oil quenching are substituted, while economizing on resources, reduces production cost, and protects production environment and provides naturally
Source.
After 4 are quenched using book quenching liquid, quenching hardness is not less than 54HRC, and martensitic structure percentage is not less than
85%, through hardening thickness is not less than 15mm, and product is bright by quenching rear surface, without being further processed, and carries one layer
Corrosion protection film, improves product quality.
5th, the present invention operate implement when, production safety eliminates fire hazard, non smoke, nontoxic, no environment during operation
Pollution, it is energy-saving.The present invention is by lab scale, and pilot scale, batch are manufactured experimently and production, and acquirement is commercialized successfully, implements investment cost
Low, practical performance is good, suitable in the industry cycle popularizing.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 50CrVA spring steel（Dimensions：500mm X 24mm X 90mm）Marquench macrograph（It puts
Big multiple：500 times）.
Specific embodiment
Water-soluble quenching medium is prepared by technical solution.Select the 50CrVA spring steel materials of 16~20mm thickness.By bullet
Spring steel is heated to 750-950 DEG C, and spring steel is put into quenching solution, by steam by Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minutes
Mem stage, boiling stage and completion quenching after the convection current stage；Then it is cold in air according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of three hours of heat preservation
But to room temperature.Sample quenching hardness and tempering hardness are detected using HR-15A Rockwell apparatuses；With portable magnetic particle inspection apparatus
It is detected a flaw piecewise to sample；Metallographic structure observation is carried out to sample with NikonMA100 types metallographic microscope；Sample passes through table
After surface treatment, carrying out fatigue test, (PSJ200 mechanical fatigue test machines, 1100 MPa of maximum stress, pre-add deform 62 mm, shake
Width ± 26mm).
Embodiment one
1) material：50CrVA spring steel, chemical analysis（Wt% 1) is shown in Table, is met the requirements of the standard.Material specification 500mm X
24mm X90mm, 500mmX 25mmX 90mm.Single plate spring weighs 20~25Kg, 80 tons of test material gross weight.
1 experiment material chemical composition of table（Mass fraction, %）
2）In continuous oven, material is uniformly heated to 800 ± 10 DEG C of hardening heat, Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45
Minute.
It is matched by following mass fraction and prepares quenching liquid：
Phenthazine（Or tert-butylhydroquinone）, 0.6%；Triethanolamine, 1.5%%；Preservative, 0.1%%；Methyl-silicone oil,
0.2%%；Remaining is：Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
By quenching liquid and liquid water according to mass fraction 2:8 proportions, 20 DEG C of solution temperature.The maximum cold of quenching liquid
But 120 DEG C/s of speed.After workpiece heat is come out of the stove to 800 ± 10 DEG C, spring steel is put into quenching solution, by steam blanket rank
Section, boiling stage and completion quenching after the convection current stage；Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of three hours of heat preservation, it is cooled in air
Room temperature.Examine hardness and nondestructive inspection.
3）100% examines hardness and flaw detection.As a result it is：Quenching hardness >=54HRC, quenching structure are more than 90% martensite
As shown in Figure 1, without ferritic structure, no hardening break, through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.The results show that experiment spring steel is complete
Full through hardening meets industry processing and operating specification.
Embodiment two
1) material：50CrVA steel, chemical analysis（Wt% 2) are shown in Table, is met the requirements of the standard.Material specification 500mm X20mm
X90 mm, 500mmX24mmX90mm, 500mmX25mmX90mm.Single plate spring weighs 10~20Kg, 200 tons of test material gross weight.
2 experiment material chemical composition of table（Mass fraction, %）
| C | Mn | Cr | V | Impurity |
| 0.49 | 0.60 | 0.99 | 0.14 | By standard requirement |
2）In continuous oven, material is uniformly heated to 750 ± 10 DEG C of hardening heat, quenching plus soaking time are 30-40
Minute.
It is matched by following mass fraction and prepares quenching liquid：
Phenthazine（Or tert-butylhydroquinone）, 0.61%；Triethanolamine, 1.8%；Preservative, 0.2%；Methyl-silicone oil,
0.25%；Remaining is：Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
By quenching liquid and liquid water according to mass fraction 2.5:7.5 proportions, 35 DEG C of solution temperature.Quenching liquid is most
120 DEG C/s of big cooling velocity.After workpiece heat is come out of the stove to 800 ± 10 DEG C, spring steel is put into quenching solution, by steam blanket
Stage, boiling stage and completion quenching after the convection current stage；Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of three hours of heat preservation, cool down in air
To room temperature.Examine hardness and nondestructive inspection.
3）100% examines hardness and flaw detection.As a result it is：Quenching hardness >=54HRC, quenching structure are more than 90% martensite
As shown in Figure 1, without ferritic structure, no hardening break, through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.The results show that experiment spring steel is complete
Full through hardening meets industry processing and operating specification.
Embodiment three
1) material：50CrVA steel, chemical analysis（Wt% 2) are shown in Table, is met the requirements of the standard.Material specification 500mm X16 mm
X90 mm, 500mmX18mmX90mm, 500mmX20mm X90mm.Single plate spring weighs 10~20Kg, 200 tons of test material gross weight.
3 experiment material chemical composition of table（Mass fraction, %）
2）In continuous oven, material is uniformly heated to 950 ± 10 DEG C of hardening heat, Quenching Soaking Time is 30-40 points
Clock.
Phenthazine（Or N,N' di sec butyl p phenylene diamine）, 0.65%；Triethanolamine, 2.5%；Preservative, 0.35%；First
Base silicone oil, 0.3%；Remaining is：Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
By quenching liquid and liquid water according to mass fraction 3:7 proportions, 40 DEG C of solution temperature.The maximum cold of quenching liquid
But 120 DEG C/s of speed.After workpiece heat is come out of the stove to 950 ± 10 DEG C, spring steel is put into quenching solution, by steam blanket rank
Section, boiling stage and completion quenching after the convection current stage；Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of three hours of heat preservation, it is cooled in air
Room temperature.Examine hardness and nondestructive inspection.
3）100% examines hardness and flaw detection.As a result it is：Quenching hardness >=54HRC, quenching structure are more than 90% martensite
As shown in Figure 1, without ferritic structure, no hardening break, through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.The results show that experiment spring steel is complete
Full through hardening meets industry processing and operating specification.
It is pointed out that the above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, such as other are functional for preservative
The universal product in the art can be selected in additive.For those skilled in the art, this hair is being met
On the premise of bright operation principle, any equivalent or similar replacement is each fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid, it is characterised in that include quality shared by ingredient and various composition
Fraction is as follows：
Remaining is：Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)；
The polymerization degree n of the methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) is 3-5；
The antioxidant is phenthazine or N,N' di sec butyl p phenylene diamine or tert-butylhydroquinone；
The antirust agent is triethanolamine；
The antifoaming agent is methyl-silicone oil；
Quenching technical includes the following steps：
(1) quenching solution is prepared
By quenching liquid and liquid water according to mass fraction 2 in quenching bath:8-3:7 proportions, the temperature 20 of quenching solution
~40 DEG C；It is set in quenching bath and mixes device, the device agitation quenching solution of mixing makes its flow velocity as 0.3-0.8 meter per seconds；
(2) quench
Spring steel is heated to 750-950 DEG C, spring steel is put into quenching solution by Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minutes,
Complete by steam mem stage, boiling stage and after the convection current stage quenching；Then three hours are kept the temperature according to 450 ± 10 DEG C,
It is cooled to room temperature in air.
2. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that work as spring steel
When being heated to 800 DEG C or more and being quenched, antioxidant selects N, N'- di-sec-butyl-p-phenyl enediamines；When spring steel is heating
When being quenched to less than 800 DEG C, antioxidant selects tert-butylhydroquinone.
3. a kind of quenching technical of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 2, feature exist
It is not less than 54HRC in the quenching hardness of spring steel, martensitic structure percentage is not less than 85%, and through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.
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| CN113584265A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏通工金属科技有限公司 | High-strength antirust alloy spring steel wire |
| CN115612795A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-17 | 海安东洋弹簧有限公司 | 50CrVA material heat treatment quenching process and application thereof |
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| CN102605150B (en) * | 2012-04-08 | 2013-08-07 | 山东雷帕得弹簧有限公司 | Quenching liquid and quenching technology for improving through quenching thickness of 50CrVA spring steel |
| CN103589831B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-03-23 | 大连赛瑞金属制品有限公司 | Quenchant compound method in the production technique of suspension insulator cryogenic steel foot |
| CN104263886A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quenching liquid composition and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20230727 Address after: 721000 Xingye Road East, Xinxing Industrial Park, Fufeng County New District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Shaanxi rapade Suspension System Co.,Ltd. Address before: 255100 economic development zone, Zichuan District, Shandong, Zibo Patentee before: SHANDONG LEOPARD AUTOMOTIVE HOLDINGS Ltd. |